West Lake (Xihu) in Eryuan County, Dali

Yunnan Eryuan West Lake National Wetland Park (云南洱源西湖国家湿地公园) is a national-level wetland park located at the northern foot of Yunong Peak (云弄峰), one of the nineteen peaks of Cangshan Mountain (苍山), within the territory of Yousuo Town (右所镇), Eryuan County (洱源县), Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture (大理白族自治州), Yunnan Province (云南省). Situated at the source of Erhai Lake (洱海), it serves as an important source of water for Eryuan, belonging to the Lancang River (澜沧江) watershed.

The geographical coordinates of Yunnan Eryuan West Lake National Wetland Park are between 100°4′E and 100°45′E longitude, and 25°59′N and 26°21′N latitude. The park covers a total area of 1,354.07 hectares, with the lake surface at an elevation of 1,967.8 meters above sea level. The average water depth is 1.8 meters, with a maximum depth reaching 8.3 meters. It is classified as a fault lake, featuring six large islands and 88 smaller islands (at normal water levels).

Geographic Environment

Yunnan Eryuan West Lake National Wetland Park is uniquely positioned at the source of Erhai Lake, making it a vital ecological zone. The landscape comprises a rich diversity of natural ecosystems, including forests, shrubs, farmlands, lakeshores, marshes, lakes, islands, and villages. This variety creates a typical basin-lake structure that encapsulates all aspects of the region's scenic diversity, including local customs, historical culture, fishing villages, island water towns, and geothermal hot springs.

Biodiversity

The wetland of Eryuan West Lake boasts rich biodiversity. A scientific investigation conducted by the Southwest Forestry University/National Plateau Wetland Research Center in 2009 documented the presence of 18 species of mammals, 16 species of reptiles, 14 species of amphibians, 26 species of fish, and 76 species of birds, with 39 of these being aquatic birds. Additionally, there are 306 species of vascular plants, including 115 wetland plants.

Among these, two species—wild water chestnut (Trapa ncise) and water lily (Ottelia acuminata)—are classified as nationally protected level II plants. Eight species of animals are also classified as nationally protected level II, including the tiger-striped frog (Rana rugulosa), common house gecko (Gekko gecko), gray goose (Anser anser), common buzzard (Buteo buteo), and others. The wetland is notable for its high conservation value, serving as the largest population distribution site in China for the rare purple swamphen (Porphyrio porphyrio) and a habitat for many wintering birds. Additionally, the outflow of the lake is a migratory route and spawning area for the unique Dali splitfin (Schizothorax taliensis).

Development and Establishment

In December 2009, the State Forestry Administration approved the pilot construction of the national wetland park. By December 2015, the park successfully passed the assessment and verification by the State Forestry Administration and was officially named Yunnan Eryuan West Lake National Wetland Park.

How to Get There

To reach Yunnan Eryuan West Lake National Wetland Park, visitors can travel to Eryuan County from Dali City (大理市). The best option is to take a bus from Dali to Yousuo Town. Upon arrival in Yousuo, follow the local signs to the wetland park.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: Spring and autumn are ideal for enjoying the natural beauty and observing wildlife.
• What to Bring: Binoculars for birdwatching, a camera for photography, and appropriate clothing for outdoor activities.
• Local Cuisine: Don't miss trying local dishes in nearby villages, particularly those featuring fresh fish and Bai ethnic specialties.
• Respect Nature: Follow park guidelines to protect the natural environment and wildlife.

With its rich biodiversity and stunning landscapes, Yunnan Eryuan West Lake National Wetland Park offers visitors a unique glimpse into the natural and cultural beauty of the region.