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  • National Intangible Cultural Heritages in Yunnan

    Yunnan, known for its diverse ethnic cultures, is home to a wide range of national intangible cultural heritages that have been preserved and passed down through generations. These heritages include traditions such as folk literature, music, dance, drama, art, traditional skills, medicine, and customs. The province is known for its 20 ethnic minorities, each contributing unique cultural elements to the national heritage list. These traditions are vital to Yunnan’s identity and are celebrated across the region through festivals, performances, and exhibitions.

    The national intangible cultural heritages in Yunnan are classified into ten main categories, covering various aspects of cultural practices and skills. These heritages play a significant role in maintaining the cultural diversity of the province while promoting local identity and tradition.


    Categories of National Intangible Cultural Heritages in Yunnan

    Yunnan’s national intangible cultural heritages are classified into the following ten categories:

    1. Folk Literature

    2. Traditional Music

    3. Traditional Dance

    4. Traditional Drama

    5. Folk Art

    6. Traditional Sports, Entertainment, and Acrobatic Arts

    7. Traditional Skills

    8. Traditional Medicine

    9. Folk Customs

    Each category represents a unique aspect of the region’s rich cultural fabric. These traditions are deeply embedded in the lives of the local people and reflect the cultural diversity and ethnic richness of the province.


    Regional Distribution of National Intangible Cultural Heritages in Yunnan

    Yunnan’s intangible cultural heritages are spread across the province, with 16 cities and regions hosting various practices and traditions. Below is a table highlighting the key regions and their contributions to the national heritage list.

    Regional Distribution Table

    Region Key Intangible Heritages
    Baoshan Traditional skills, folk customs, and tea-related practices
    Chuxiong Yi embroidery, Yi music, Yi opera, and folk arts
    Kunming Traditional dance, Puer tea-making, Yi ethnic music
    Dehong Achang knife forging, Hani customs, music, and dance
    Diqing Tibetan cultural practices, including music, dance, and traditional arts
    Honghe Hani polyphonic songs, traditional dance and music
    Lijiang Naxi Dongba painting, Naxi music, traditional drama
    Lincang Ethnic crafts, tea customs, and folk traditions
    Nujiang Nu ethnic customs, music, and festivals
    Pu’er Puer tea-making, folk literature, tea-related crafts
    Qujing Yi embroidery, Yi opera, Yi folk music
    Wenshan Bronze drum dance, ethnic music and dance
    Dali Bai opera, Bai traditional painting, Bai embroidery
    Yuxi Folk dance, folk music, Lantern song and dance
    Zhaotong Yi music, Yi traditional art
    Xishuangbanna Dai folk customs, music, and the Water Splashing Festival
    Tengchong Tengchong traditional crafts and ethnic customs

    Notable National Intangible Cultural Heritages in Yunnan

    Yunnan is home to numerous national intangible cultural heritages that highlight the diverse cultures of its ethnic minorities. Below is a list of some significant items that have been officially recognized:

    List of National Intangible Cultural Heritages in Yunnan

    Order Number Chinese Name English Name Classification Declaration Place
    003 遮帕麻和遮咪麻 “Zhe Pama and Zhe Mima” – Ethnic Progenitor Myths Folk Literature Yunnan
    004 牡帕密帕 Mupamipa Folk Literature Yunnan
    027 格萨(斯)尔 The Tibetan Oral Epic King Gesar Folk Literature Multiple locations
    048 傈僳族民歌 Folk Songs of Lisu Ethnic Minority Traditional Music Yunnan
    061 哈尼族多声部民歌 "Transplant Seedling"- Hani Polyphonic Folk Song Traditional Music Yunnan
    123 锅庄舞 Tibetan Guozhuang Dance Traditional Dance Yunnan, Tibet, Qinghai
    128 木鼓舞 Wooden Drum Dance of Wa Ethnic Minority Traditional Dance Yunnan, Guizhou
    230 傣剧 Dai Opera Traditional Drama Yunnan
    312 纳西族东巴画 Dongba Paintings of Naxi Ethnic Minority Traditional Art Yunnan
    355 傣族慢轮制陶技艺 Slow-wheel Pottery Making Skills of Dai Ethnic Minority Traditional Skills Yunnan
    376 白族扎染技艺 Tie-dyeing Skills of Bai Ethnic Minority Traditional Skills Yunnan
    456 傣族泼水节 Water Splashing Festival of Dai Ethnic Minority Folk Custom Yunnan
    458 火把节 (彝族火把节) Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority Folk Custom Yunnan, Sichuan
    489 白族绕三灵 Raosanling Ceremony of Bai Ethnic Minority Folk Custom Yunnan
    1194 彝医药(彝医水膏药疗法) Yi Traditional Medicine Traditional Medicine Yunnan
    1208 祭寨神林 Hani "Ang Ma Tu" Sacrificial Festival Folk Custom Yunnan

    Yunnan’s national intangible cultural heritages are not only an essential part of the province’s identity but also a testament to the richness and diversity of its ethnic cultures. These traditions are safeguarded through various cultural practices, including festivals, performances, and exhibitions. With 16 regions across Yunnan hosting different intangible cultural heritages, the province continues to play a vital role in preserving and promoting traditional Chinese culture. Exploring these cultural treasures provides a deeper understanding of the province’s unique identity and the vibrant history of its people.

    Dai Medicine in Xishuangbanna of National Intangible Cultural Heritage "Munao Zaiwa" - Epic of Jingpo Ethnic Minority in Dehong  Puer Tea-making Craft  Zhaoshutun and Nanmunuona - Narrative Poem of Dai Ethnic Minority in Xishuangbanna Yi Ethnic Costume-making Skill in Wuding County, Chuxiong  “Ang Ma Tu” Sacrificial Festival of Hani Ethnic Minority in Yuanyang County, Honghe  Sacrificial Ceremony to Meili Snow Mountain in Deqin County, Diqing Xuanwei Ham-making Craft in Xuanwei City, Qujing  Gilding Craft of Bai Ethnic Minority in Heqing County, Dali   Cross-stitch Skill of Yi Ethnic Minority in Shilin County, Kunming Yi-style Wrestling in Yuanmou County, Chuxiong Manggu Drum Dance of Hani Ethnic Minority in Jianshui County, Honghe "Erzi Song" Folk Dance of Bai Ethnic Minority in Yunlong County, Dali “Baisha Fine Music ” of  Naxi Ethnic Minority in Yulong County, Lijiang  Folk Song (Toasting Song) of Yi Ethnic Minority in Wuding County, Chuxiong "Hani Haba" - Folk Song of Hani Ethnic Minority in Yuanyang County, Honghe Gaotai Acrobatic Stage in Tonghai County, Yuxi  Miao Ethnic Costume-making Skill in Changning County, Baoshan Pattra-leaf Scriptures Making Craft of Dai Ethnic Minority in Xishuangbanna Midu Folk Song in Midu County, Dali "Axi Xianji"- Oral Epic of Axi People in Mile City, Honghe Epopee “Luoqiluoye and Zhasizhayi” of  Hani Ethnic Minority in Mojiang County, Puer  “Poya Love Song” of Zhuang Ethnic Miniority in Funing County, Wenshan  Qingxi Opera of Wa Ethnic Minority in Tengchong City, Baoshan "Dagu Daleng Gelaibiao" - Oral Epic of Deang Ethnic Minority  in Mangshi City, Dehong The Tibetan Oral Epic King Gesar  Tie-dyeing Skills of Bai Ethnic Minority in Dali Slow-wheel Pottery Making Skills of Dai Ethnic Minority Raosanling Ceremony of Bai Ethnic Minority in Dali  Lusheng-making Skills of Miao Ethnic Minority in Daguan County, Zhaotong Husa Knife Forging Techniques of Achang Ethnic Minority in Longchuan County Paper-making Craft of Naxi Ethnic Minority in Lijiang Dai Opera Lantern Song and Dance in Yuxi Zhangha of Dai Ethnic Minority Paper-cuts of Dai Ethnic Minority in Mangshi City, Dehong Dongba Paintings of Naxi Ethnic Minority Bronze Drum Dance of Zhuang and Yi Ethnic Minorities in Wenshan Wooden Drum Dance of Wa Ethnic Minority Tibetan Guozhuang Dance Hulusheng Dance of Yi Ethnic Minority in Xichou County, Wenshan Peacock Dance of Dai Ethnic Minority Yanhe Dance (Tobacco Case Dance) of  Yi Ethnic Minority in Shiping County "Transplant Seedling"- Hani Polyphonic Folk Song in Honghe County Folk Songs of Lisu Ethnic Minority Haicai Qiang of Yi Ethnic Minority in Shiping County, Honghe "Zhe Pama and Zhe Mima" - Ethnic Progenitor Myths of the Achang Ethnic Minority in Lianghe County, Dehong Mupamipa -Creation Myths of the Lahu Ethnic Minority Four Seasons Production Ditties of Hani Ethnic Minority The Epopee "Ashima" of Yi Ethnic Minority in Shilin County, Kunming Manufacturing Process of Dianhong Black Tea-National Intangible Cultural Heritage AngMaTu Festival of Hani Ethnic Minority in Yuanyang County, Honghe Magu Dance of Yi Ethnic Minority in Mouding County, Chuxiong Left Feet Dance or Zuojiaowu Dance of Yi Ethnic Minority in Mouding County, Chuxiong Sheepskin Drum Dance of Yi Ethnic Minority in Nanhua County, Chuxiong Yi Embroidery in Yao'an County, Chuxiong Huadeng (Flower Lantern) Opera in Yaoan County, Chuxiong Indigo Process of Yao Ethnic Minority in Qiubei County, Wenshan Huajie Festival of Zhuang Ethnic Minority in Guangnan County, Wenshan Kaishan Festival of Miao Ethnic Minority in Xiangyun County, Dali Jianchuan Wood-carving Jiacuo Dance of Mosuo Ethnic People in Lijiang Waqiqi Dance of Lisu Ethnic Minority Achi Mugua Dance of Lisu Ethnic Minority in Weixi County, Diqing Shenchuan Reba Dance in Tacheng Town of Weixi County, Diqing Sinong Reba Dance in Yunling Town of Deqin County, Diqing Reba Dance of Tibetan Ethnic Minority Daogan Festival of Lisu Ethnic Minority Kaquewa Festival of Dulong Ethnic Minority Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority Flowers Festival (Fairy Festival) of Nu Ethnic Minority Munaozongge Festival of Jingpo Ethnic Minority Water Splashing Festival of Dai Ethnic Minority Tiaocai Dance of Yi Ethnic Minority in Nanjian County, Dali

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