Chinese Name:宾川县鸡足山朝山会
English Name: Jizu Mountain Pilgrimage Festival of Bai Ethnic Minority in Binchuan County, Dali
每年农历正月初一至十五日,大理州境内的各族群众都要前往鸡足山朝山,祈求国泰民安和观赏鸡足山风光。节日期间,民族文化活动比较丰富,如耍龙、舞狮、狩猎、赛马、打歌、闹花灯、猜灯谜等,独具特色。
节日简介
鸡足山是佛教名山,每年农历正月初一至十五日为朝山会,是时大理州境内的各族群众都要前往朝山,祈求国泰民安和观赏鸡足山风光,朝山者每个寺院都要到达,给佛像敬香供果,向寺主捐献德,以作寺院维修之用。朝山期间,每天游人和朝者络绎不绝,到处欢歌笑语,热闹非常,游山朝都要到鸡足山金顶观日出。尤其是正月十五日凌晨观日出者,成百上千。
主要节目
鸡足山朝山节日期一般在农历腊、正月间,朝山信徒甚众,来自东南亚国家和地区。节日期间,民族文化活动比较丰富,如耍龙、舞狮、狩猎、赛马、打歌、闹花灯、猜灯谜等,独具特色。
景区介绍
鸡足山是中国四大佛教名山之一,山势背西北而面东南,前列三峰,后拖一岭,形如鸡足,故名。鸡足山在中国和东南亚享有盛名,同时又是著名的风景名名胜区。
鸡足山位于宾川县城西北30公里处,距大理市100余公里。40座奇山,30座险峰,34处崖壁,45个幽洞,吸引了无数的旅游者。相传,释迦牟尼的大弟子在此讲经,故鸡足山成了历代朝佛的胜地。鼎盛时,有36庵,72寺,108所寺院。僧人达5000多。鸡足山金顶海拔3240米,棱严塔高耸如云。
登顶眺望,东观日出,西望苍山洱海,南赏祥云,北眺玉龙雪山。明朝大旅游家徐霞客云:“此不特首鸡山,实首海内也。”
Chinese Name:洱源县海西海歌会
English Name: Haixihai Folk Song Festival of Bai Ethnic Minority in Eryuan County, Dali
西海在洱源县牛街乡龙门坝,离县城24公里,为断陷溶蚀洼地形成的天然淡水湖泊。南海北坝,群山环抱,“四面为城”,明清时期是鹤庆府的八大名景之一。湖泊面积2.6平方公里,南北长3.6公里,东西最大宽1.5公里,湖岸线长10公里,平均水深10米,最大水深16米,平均水温13度,总库容2227万立方米,下游与茈碧湖、凤羽河同注入弥直河而流人洱海。海西海三面临山,山中竹树成林,一面连坝,湖中有”海映山奇观”。
每年农历六月二十五,是一年一度的传统海西海歌会,前来赴会的络绎不绝,青年男女泛舟海西海,在三弦的伴奏下,放开嗓子唱情歌,摘菱角,采莲花,被称为是“三弦传情歌为媒,喜结良缘海西海”。
Chinese Name:洱源县茈碧湖歌会/龙王会/海灯会
English Name: Cibihu Folk Song Festival of Bai Ethnic Minority in Eryuan County, Dali
http://paper.yunnan.cn/html/20071122/news_96_202582.html
Chinese Name:大理白族本主节
English Name: Benzhu Worship Festival of Bai Ethnic Minority in Dali
The Yi Ethnic Group’s Tiaogong Festival (彝族跳弓节) is mainly celebrated in Banlun Township (板仑乡), Longyang Village (龙洋村) and other areas of Funing County (富宁县), Wenshan Prefecture (文山州), Yunnan Province (云南省). These regions are located in the mountainous areas bordering Yunnan, Guangxi and Vietnam, featuring unique geographical environments.
The Tiaogong Festival (跳弓节), also known as Tiaogong Festival (跳公节) or Tiaogong Festival (跳宫节), is the most important traditional festival of the Bai Luo branch (白倮支系) of the Yi ethnic group. It is usually held in early April of the lunar calendar. There are several legends about its origin:
The Tiaogong Festival (跳弓节) features various colorful activities:
Funing County (富宁县) has a subtropical monsoon climate with mild weather and four distinct seasons. The festival usually occurs in April of the lunar calendar when the weather is warm and suitable for outdoor activities.
Longmai Village (龙迈村), Banlun Township (板仑乡): One of the main venues for the festival, offering the most authentic Yi cultural experience. Recommended visit: 1-2 days. Free admission.
Longyang Village (龙洋村): Another important festival venue with rich activities for deeper understanding of Yi culture.
Public Transport: From Kunming, first reach Funing County (富宁县), then transfer to rural buses to Banlun Township (板仑乡) or Longyang Village (龙洋村). Total journey takes about 3 days.
Self-Driving: From Kunming, take expressways to Funing County (富宁县), then county roads to Banlun Township (板仑乡) or Longyang Village (龙洋村). Total journey takes about 3-4 hours.
During the festival, you can taste traditional Yi cuisine like glutinous rice (糯米饭), corn wine (包谷酒), and cured meat (腊肉).
Traditional Yi handicrafts like embroidery (刺绣) and silver ornaments (银饰) make good souvenirs.
Local homestays and guesthouses are available at affordable prices (about 50-100 RMB per person per night).
Day 1: Travel from Kunming to Funing County (富宁县), enjoying scenery along the way. Overnight in Funing County (富宁县).
Day 2: Visit Longmai Village (龙迈村) or Longyang Village (龙洋村) to participate in festival ceremonies and performances. Overnight at local homestay.
Day 3: Continue festival activities and Yi cultural experiences. Return to Funing County (富宁县) in the afternoon.
The Yi Ethnic Group’s Tiaogong Festival (彝族跳弓节) in Funing County (富宁县) is a fascinating ethnic festival that showcases the Yi people’s reverence for ancestors and love for life, while embodying rich cultural connotations. May you have an unforgettable journey experiencing the unique charm of Yi culture.
Chinese Name: 勐海新班章茶区
English Name: Xinbanzhang Tea Plantation in Menghai County, XishaungBanna
Keywords: Xinbanzhang Tea Plantation in Menghai County, tea culture tour, XishaungBanna attractions, things to do in XishaungBanna Menghai
Location: Banzhang Village of Bulangshan Town in Menghai County, XishaungBanna
Admission Fee: Free
Opening Hours: All the day
Geographical Location
Bulangshan is fully and officially named Bulangshan Bulang Autonomous Township because most of the residents here belong to the Bulang ethnic minority. It is called home by over 10,000 Bulang ethnic members and 3,000 Hani ethnic members-among whom the Bulangs account for about 30% of the total Bulang ethnic population of Xishuangbanna Prefecture.
Deep within the mountains of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, lie numerous ancient tea gardens that have been flourishing for over a thousand years. Influenced by factors such as altitude, soil composition, and moisture, teas produced from different ancient gardens exhibit unique intrinsic qualities in terms of aroma, flavor, liquor color, and leaf base. Ban Zhang is an administrative village under the Ban Zhang Village Committee of Bulang Mountain Township, located to the northeast of the township, approximately 20 kilometers from the township government seat. Situated at an altitude of about 1,600 meters, the area is well-suited for cultivating tea and other crops. The inhabitants are primarily of the Hani ethnic group. Xin Ban Zhang (New Ban Zhang) is a Hani village comprising 78 households with 382 residents and boasts an ancient tea garden spanning 1,380 mu (approximately 92 hectares). The village has a total arable land area of 1,177.00 mu (about 78.5 hectares), including 508.00 mu of paddy fields and 669.00 mu of dry land, averaging 2.67 mu per capita. The main crops grown are rice and others. Additionally, there are 23,110.00 mu (about 1,540.7 hectares) of forested land, of which 2,081.00 mu (approximately 138.7 hectares) are economic forest orchards, averaging 4.73 mu per capita, primarily cultivating tea and other economic trees. Other areas cover 50.00 mu (about 3.33 hectares).
Originally, Ban Zhang had an old village, which later migrated and split into three: Lao Ban Zhang (Old Ban Zhang), Xin Ban Zhang (New Ban Zhang), and Wei Dong. The administrative center is located in Xin Ban Zhang.
The Xin Ban Zhang tea region is situated about 60 kilometers south of Menghai County town in Xishuangbanna Prefecture, with an average altitude of approximately 1,600 meters. There’s a distinction between the new and old Ban Zhang tea regions. Lao Ban Zhang teas are mainly distributed in areas like Lao Ban Zhang and Lao Man’e, characterized by wild growth. Lao Ban Zhang teas are heavier in quality and strong in nature, with a bitter entry that quickly transforms into sweetness. They possess a full-bodied and robust tea energy with a unique aroma.
A Long History of Tea Plantation
Probably, no one will think of Bulangshan when drinking the “weird” caffeine-free Pu’er tea. But Bulangshan is indeed one of the major producers of Pu’er tea in Yunnan Province. Bulang people have toiled in this area from generation to generation, and they have been known as the oldest tea farmers as well as drinkers in the world.
The history of tea plantation of Bulang people can date back 1,000 years. Even today, many ancient tea trees are still thriving in the villages of Laoman’e, Laobanzhang, and Xinbanzhang etc-among them Laoman’e is nearly 1,400 years old. They are busy strengthening efforts to protect ancient tea trees and cultivating what is called ecological tea plantations. Since 1982 when the tea output quotas were contracted to households, tea industry has been taking up a large percentage of the local economy, and many new plantations have mushroomed.
During 1988-1990, in order to launch the “Tea Development Programme” in Banzhang Village, Menghai Tea Factory began adopting the way of cuttage and cultivated a plantation of about 200 Mu (13 hectares). Up to now, Bulangshan Township has relied largely on the tea plantation which benefits local farmers a lot. The tea acreage has amounted to at least 28,000 Mu (1,867 hectares), with the annual output of about 450 tonnes, worth over 10 million yuan ($1.57 mn).
Characteristics of Xinbanzhang Pu’er Tea(新班章普洱茶)
First flush of spring materia from more than 100 years old arbor tea trees growing in Xin Ban Zhang village. Xin Ban Zhang is a neighbor village to Lao Ban Zhang and the tea from there shares much same character with Lao Ban Zhang Pu’er but not so bitter and pungent so it can be accepted and liked by more people even you try Green (raw) Pu’er for the first time. The leaf structure, mouth-feel and aroma is much the same. An intense cha qi accompanies the drinking experience. This intensity is the perfect fuel to transform this tea through the years.
There is a widespread misunderstanding that raw Pu’er can only be drunk after at least 5-10 years aging. In fact, raw Pu’er of good quality especially the ones made of tealeaves harvested from old or ancient arbor tea trees such as the Xin Ban Zhang Loose raw Pu’er is delicious even being enjoyed in current year. Of course, amazing changes can be found every several years if properly stored. Pu’er tea would change with time in taste, flavor and appearance so you may feel different when you try it.
Differences between Xinbanzhang(新班章) and Laobanzhang (老班章)
In China tea market, Lao Ban Zhang (老班章) is famously referred as the King of Raw Pu’er tea. Its flavor is uniquely strong with bold, complex taste. In Kunming, tea connoisseurs often describe the taste of Lao Ban Zhang as “霸” (superiorly dominant). This is why they crowned Lao Ban Zhang as “The King”. Lao Ban Zhang is named after the village that produces this tea. Lao Ban Zhang Village is located in Bu Lang Mountain (布朗山) at Meng Hai (勐海) county, Xishuang Banna (西双版纳, South West Yunnan). The earliest record on the village’s tea production can be traced back to 1476. Lao Ban Zhang Village is resided by minorities known as The Bu Lang tribe. For generations, the Bu Lang people planted tea trees and produced tea in the mountains. Today, there are 117 Bu Lang families residing in Lao Ban Zhang Village. Due to historical fame, good quality, limited production and monopoly, the price of Lao Ban Zhang Pu’er has gone sky high and it is almost impossible to obtain authentic Lao Ban Zhang at reasonable prices so we have no way but to find a substitute. Xin Ban Zhang is a neighbor village to Lao Ban Zhang and the Pu’er tea produced from here shares much similarity in character with Lao Ban Zhang tea. The Hui Gan(aftertaste) is persistent like Lao Ban Zhang. The leaf structure, mouth-feel and aroma is much the same. An intense cha qi accompanies the drinking experience. This intensity is the perfect fuel to transform this tea through years. In fact, a part of Lao Ban Zhang sold on the market is produced from Xin Ban Zhang. It is even a “decent” cheating way and regrettably quite a large part of so-called Lao Ban Zhang sold on the markets is produced from common places in Bu Lang Shan or just those of Meng Hai.
Despite its relatively recent emergence, Xin Ban Zhang Pu’er tea does not fall short in quality. The tea leaves predominantly come from large-leaf varieties, featuring tightly knit strips and plump buds. The tea exudes a fresh aroma, with a mellow taste and enduring sweet aftertaste. While the flavor profile of Xin Ban Zhang Pu’er tea slightly differs from that of Lao Ban Zhang, its unique charm and quality have equally garnered admiration from tea enthusiasts.
Market Value and Price Trends
Lao Ban Zhang Pu’er tea has always enjoyed a stellar reputation in the market due to its unique quality and flavor. In recent years, with the flourishing of the Pu’er tea market, the price of Lao Ban Zhang Pu’er tea has soared. From the sudden increase in raw material prices to 80-120 yuan per kilogram in 2002, to the 2016 prices where ancient tree first flush teas reached 6,000-8,000 yuan per kilogram and large tree raw materials ranged between 4,000-6,000 yuan per kilogram, the market value of Lao Ban Zhang Pu’er tea has been on a constant rise.
In contrast, as a burgeoning production area, Xin Ban Zhang Pu’er tea, while not as exorbitantly priced as Lao Ban Zhang, has exhibited a steady upward trend. With continuous market expansion and growing recognition from tea aficionados, the market prospects for Xin Ban Zhang Pu’er tea are exceedingly promising.
Tea Factories and Brands
In the Pu’er tea industry, Tiandiren Tea Factory stands out as an enterprise dedicated to producing high-quality Pu’er teas. Since 2004, Tiandiren has been procuring raw materials from Lao Ban Zhang and has produced multiple Lao Ban Zhang Pu’er tea products. These teas not only boast superior quality but also embody Tiandiren’s unique understanding and craftsmanship of tea processing. Notably, products like the 2004 Tiandiren Daoshenggen Collector’s Edition Lao Ban Zhang and the 2004 Tiandiren Daoshenggen Lao Ban Zhang Ecological Tea have been highly cherished by tea lovers.
Tiandiren’s foray into producing Lao Ban Zhang teas was notably pioneering, releasing several Lao Ban Zhang Pu’er teas as early as 2004. This move not only underscores Tiandiren’s emphasis and recognition of Lao Ban Zhang Pu’er tea but also helped establish a commendable brand image in the Pu’er tea market.
Attraction Transportation:
Jinghong City – 90km – Menghai county seat – 40km – Bulang Township
Attraction Travel Tips:
· Best season to travel: March – May
Chinese Name:彝族祭龙节
English Name: Dragon Worship (Jilong) Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority
Chinese Name: 大姚县彝族火把节
English Name: Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Dayao County, Chuxiong
Location:
Chinese Name:彝族密枝节/祭密枝
English Name: Mizhi Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority
密枝节也叫“祭密枝”。彝族民间传统节日。密枝节 流行于滇南彝族地区。路南的撒尼人一般在农历十一月的头一个属鼠日到属马日举行,历时七天。节日前一天,民间祭祀神职人员要把密林中的祭祀场地打扫干净,在神树下布置好神坛和神门。节日的第一天,天刚亮,祭祀人员在总管见集中,然后相司扛一根竹竿在前面领路,毕摩摇着神铃跟在其后,大队人员携带家什、食物,赶着牲畜走在最后。进入密林中的祭祀场地后,人们开始忙碌起来,有的杀牲,有的烧火做饭……饭前举行祭神仪式,祭祀以村寨为单位,人们跪在神坛前,由毕摩念经祈求神灵保佑寨子里的人平安。祭拜神灵后,人们要吃祭饭。下午,在林中摔跤娱神。晚饭后,与神灵道别而归。在七天的祭祀活动中,人们不下地干活,男子可以上山打猎,妇女在家做针线活。第一天的祭祀最隆重。
习俗
彝族密枝节传统祭日将至时,石林彝族撒尼人村寨的男性村民就相聚在一起,推举出负责筹办密枝节的“密枝翁”,挑选出符合标准的男性参加祭神仪式。祭密枝神必有白色的绵羊或山羊,其次是白猪白鸡等色彩洁白的牲灵。规定的日子一到,准备充分的男性村民集聚到密枝林边,按密枝翁的分工,杀羊宰鸡,烧火做饭,开始祭奠活动。毕摩按古规带着挑选出来的男性村民进入密枝林,来到林中选定的神树下,把上一年放在树下的密枝神虔诚地抬进垫着青松毛的箩筐中,举行祭奠仪式后,抬到毕摩家中,用清水洗净,扎上新的彩色丝线,放在毕摩家中过夜,第二天又抬回林中神树下。
由于石林地区山多林多,居住地不同,对密枝神的说法也不相同。有的村寨说:两块象人形的石头代表男女两位密枝神,男的叫“普帕”,女的叫“普玛”,他们共同保护着全村人畜的平安;有的则说:密枝神是一位聪明美丽的姑娘,叫“密枝斯玛”。当天空突降大冰雹时,聪明的密枝斯玛就赶快把放牧的牛羊赶进密林,为撒尼人留下了牛羊。祭密枝是为了感谢密枝斯玛和密林;也有的说,密枝神是白狐狸,是一个追求婚姻自主而死的姑娘变成的。她住在密林中独居,不喜欢人畜打搅她平静的生活。无论哪一种解释,都认为密枝神住在密枝林中,保护着全村的平安。
密枝节祭神仪式后,抬出由男性动手做好的饭菜,由密枝翁平均分给在场的男人。男子汉们吃着自己动手做的饭菜,或说玩笑,或发泄心中的怨气。
特点
密枝节不允许女人参加
撒尼人的密枝节为什么不准许女性参加?有学者认为这是母系社会留下的痕迹。母系社会男性社会地位低下,男子汉们为表示自己存在的价值,就采取密林结社的方式,发泄内心的不满,求得情绪的平衡。过了密枝节回到现实生活中的男性,不在妇女面前说粗话脏话。
密枝节期间,毕摩带着男人们在村中边走边大声喊话,一问一答,批评村民中不守规、品德不好的人和事,起到了扶正压邪的作用,使彝家的良好民族风俗代代相传。
密枝节还组织撵山活动。全村男性分成几路,手持木棒火药枪,喊着叫着,冲向山林,向野兽发起攻击。撵山的战利品集中后,由密枝翁平均分割到个人。
男人过密枝节,妇女们在家中绣花做针线活,一般不出门出村,也不下地干活。
https://baike.baidu.com/item/密枝节/4124191?fr=aladdin
Puer Plum Lake Park in Simao District travel guide introduces the main attractions, entrance tickets booking, The best time to visit, How to Get there, the highlights, facts, history, photos, weather, accommodation, visiting routes, travel tips, tour maps of Plum Lake Park in Puer. (普洱梅湖公园)
Chinese Name: 勐海贺开茶山
English Name: Hekai Tea Mountain in Menghai County, XishaungBanna
Keywords: Hekai Tea Mountain in Menghai County, XishaungBanna attractions, things to do in Menghai Hekai Tea Mountain
Location: Located in the southeast of Menghai County in Hekai Village of Menghun Town
Admission Fee: Free
Opening Hours: All the day
Web: http://www.ishuocha.com/baike/hk/
Xishuangbanna Hekai Tea Mountain
Hekai Tea Mountain is located in the southeast of Menghai County in Hekai Village of Menghun Town. Hekai is one of the the biggest ancient tea gardens planted by humans. Almost one third of the Hekai area is covered by tea trees between 200 and 400 years old. The primary ethnic groups are Hani and Lahu. It is located 50km from the Menghai county seat and belongs to the northern section of the Nannuo mountain chain. Hekai Tea Mountain is divided into Manmai(曼迈) and Mannong old(曼弄老寨) and new villages(曼弄新寨). It contains Xishuangbanna’s best preserved and largest ancient tea gardens. The tea gardens are primarily distributed along mountains and hills between 1,170 and 1,800 meters. Mountains cover 93.5% of its land area. It possesses a southern subtropical, monsoonal climate and receives plentiful rainfall. The yearly average temperature of 18.1°C and relative humidity is 82%. The climate is warm and moist, providing superior natural conditions for growing tea trees. The areas around the tea mountain have luxuriant tree growth. A natural environment with excellent tree cover creates a harmonious tea garden landscape where “the forest contains tea and the tea contains a forest.” Today there are nearly 8,000mu of ancient tea gardens in the Hekai tea growing area, which produce approximately 250 tons of high quality tea per year.
As pu’er became a hot topic for tea lovers all over the globe, pu’er made from ancient tea trees became more highly sought out. This lead to an inundation of buzz words surrounding pu’er such as old tree, ancient tree, big leaf, etc. But do we really understand the meaning of these concepts? Does big leaf pu’er imply old tree? How old does a tree have to be to be called “old tree”? Similarly, how ancient is “ancient tree” pu’er?
The “oldest” tree in Hekai area has been “protected” with the fence. We quoted the word oldest because it’s considered the oldest, we cannot be sure because the only way to know the age of a tree accurately is to cut the tree trunk and count the rings. Obviously, not an option here. To estimate the age, they use data gathered from trees that have already died. Those trees are cut and their age is determined and the trunk diameters are compared to those of living trees to form an estimate. So when we talk about very ancient tea trees, to the order of 2700 to 3200 years old, we cannot be accurate because there is not much trunk diameter information available for this vintage of tree. In Hekai area, the “oldest” tea tree is a relatively large one, and there are a fair number of tea trees that are a similar trunk size, so it’s anyone’s guess which one is really the oldest.
We also quoted “protected”. Protected in the sense that a fence has been built around the tree to protect it from tourists. It a nice idea. But it’s not uncommon to hear of these “protected” ancient trees becoming weak and dying, like the 800 year old tea tree in Nannuo Shan (mountain)(南糯山) or the 500-600 year old Songzhong(宋种) (ancient tea tree of Feng Huang Dan Cong(凤凰单枞)) in Wudong Shan. The big ‘improvement’ in how to protect the tree here in Menghai is that the concrete fence was replaced by a wooden fence. A lion in the zoo is not the same as one in the wild. It’s the same with ancient tea trees, or any tea tress. Perhaps the whole area needs to be blocked off to really protect the ancient trees, so they can have an environment in which to prosper.
Characteristic of Hekai Tea
After brewing the tea, a golden bright yellow liquid will appear with its unique aroma that will fill the room. Some experienced tea lovers call it “spirit of the mountains and nature”, which refers to a rich and mellow flavor that contains floral, honey, fruits as well as the scent of grass and trees. Because of the process of blending, the soft sweetness of this tea is more obvious than other new pu’er teas. The most important characteristic of this tea is “balance”, so its taste is not too bitter or strong which makes it a highly acceptable and cost effective.
Tasting and Serving Hekai Tea – Bitter, sweet and full of energy
Dry leaves are huge. Some leaves are up to 5cm long. Time to time you can find yellow leave. The smell of dry leaves is fruity-sweet. Rinsed leaves smell very intensely fruity and sweet after honey. The first infusion 20s . Lighter infusion, very delicate astringency on the tongue and the sweetness in the aftertaste. Delicate floral taste. The second infusion again 20s – infusion has a sparkling yellow color and the taste is still soft. There is a pronounced astringency and bitterness at the back of the tongue. In the aftertaste there is a mix of sweetness with the bitterness of wild tea trees -“Gu Shu(古树)”. Sweetness is coming back into the mouth from throat -“Hui Gan(回甘)”. The bitterness remains in the mouth for a long time and is very intense with woody tones.
The third infusion – a distinctive taste, astringency is very intensive and it blends into bitterness -“Ku Se(苦涩)“. The energy – “Cha Qi” – is coming directly in the head. You can still feel it even after 7th and 8th cup. Tea has a great energy. Bitterness is less pronounced in further infusions but still preset in the mouth.
Comparing this Hekai tea with Laobanzhang(老班章), Hekai has more pronounced bitterness, it is not so honey-sweet and fragrant. For subsequent infusions there are mushroom tones present in the aftertaste on the tongue. Simply great stuff with great potential for aging.
Attraction Transportation:
We can take a shuttle bus from Menghai County to Menghun Town, then transfer a local mini-bus to Hekai Village.
Attraction Travel Tips:
· Best season to travel: March – May
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