Overview of the Festival

• Chinese Name: 满族颁金节
• English Name: Banjin Festival of Manchu Ethnic Minority
• Festival Date: The thirteenth day of the tenth month of the lunar calendar.

The thirteenth day of the tenth month of the lunar calendar is the day of the Manchu “Banjin Festival.” The “Banjin Festival” is the most significant day for the Manchu people, as it marks the anniversary of their birth and naming, making it a festival celebrated by the entire ethnic group.

Origin

“Banjin” is a Manchu word that means the naming day of the Manchu people. On the thirteenth day of the tenth month in the eighth year of the Chongzhen reign of the Ming Dynasty (October 13, 1635), Nurhaci, the son of the Khagan of Later Jin, Aisin Gioro Hong Taiji, abolished the old name of the Jurchens (also translated as “Zhushen”) and established the ethnic name as “Manzhou.” Hong Taiji officially declared that from this day forward, the Manchu people would commemorate this day with grand celebrations. On October 13, the Manchu people in Xinjiang gather together to sing and dance to celebrate their festival. Many Manchu compatriots wear qipaos and other ethnic costumes, perform traditional folk dances, sing folk songs, and engage in various celebratory activities. They also prepare foods such as milk tea, sachima, rice cakes, and golden silk cakes for everyone to taste. Many Manchu writers, calligraphers, painters, artists, and photographers create poems and artworks, showcasing their exquisite skills, making the celebrations lively and interesting.

In the late 16th to early 17th century, Nurhaci, the leader of the Left Guard of Jianzhou, unified the various Jurchen tribes and established a local ethnic regime known as “Jin” (historically referred to as “Later Jin”). After unification, the Jurchens needed a new ethnic name, so Hong Taiji decreed on the thirteenth day of the tenth month in the ninth year of the Tiancong reign (1635) to abolish the old name “Zhushen” (Jurchen) and set the ethnic name as “Manzhou” (later abbreviated to Manchu after the founding of the People’s Republic of China). The following year, Hong Taiji changed the state name to “Qing.”

Historically, the Song Dynasty established by the Han people and the Jin Dynasty founded by the Jurchen Wanyan Aguda were constantly at war. The history of the two Song emperors being captured and referring to the Jin as vassals is a shameful memory for the Han people. As an outstanding politician, Hong Taiji understood that to govern all of China, he needed to win over the Han people; thus, he no longer used the ethnic name “Jurchen” or the state name “Jin.” In fact, the “Jin” of the Aisin Gioro clan and the “Jin” of the Wanyan clan, as well as the Jurchens led by Nurhaci and those of the Wanyan clan, were indeed not entirely the same.

Related Customs and Activities

December 8, 2007, in the lunar calendar, marked the traditional Manchu festival “Banjin Jie.” Over 600 Manchu compatriots gathered at the Huairou International Conference Center in Beijing to celebrate the 2007 Banjin Jie with singing and dancing. The Manchu people celebrate the lunar calendar’s thirteenth day of the tenth month each year as their ethnic birthday. In 1989, China designated this date as the official birthday of the Manchu people. Since then, the commemoration of the Manchu ethnic name has been referred to as “Banjin Jie.” The “Tanghechuan” area in the northern mountainous region of Huairou is a gathering place for Manchu commoners in the Beijing area, with a history of over 360 years. Currently, the region has 29 Manchu villages and a Manchu population of more than 20,000. Labaigoumen and Changshaoying are the only two fully established Manchu townships in the city.

The 2007 Banjin Jie celebration in Beijing was co-hosted by the Huairou Manchu Folk Culture Research Association and the Beijing Ethnic Friendship Association. On that day, Mr. Shu Yi spoke on behalf of the Manchu community in Beijing, and performers from the Central Nationalities Song and Dance Ensemble, Central University for Nationalities, Beijing Dance Academy, and the Tanghechuan Manchu Art Troupe presented exciting cultural programs, including Manchu dances and Peking opera performances. More than ten Manchu painters, artists, and calligraphers from the Changbai Calligraphy and Painting Institute showcased artworks created using Manchu characters, Jurchen script, and Manchu seal script.

Basic Introduction

• Chinese Name: 蒙古族鲁班节
• English Name: Luban Festival of Mongolian Ethnic Minority
• Festival Date: On the second day of the fourth lunar month.

The Luban Festival is a traditional festival of the Mongolian people in Yunnan. On the second day of the fourth lunar month, Mongolian people slaughter pigs and sheep, set up stages to perform operas, and bring the sandalwood statue of Luban from the Main Buddha Hall in Zhongcun to each village for veneration. During the procession to honor their ancestral master, the parade is accompanied by the sound of gongs and drums, fireworks, dragon dancing, colorful boat racing, and clam-shell dancing. Spectators gather in large numbers, creating a lively atmosphere. For three days before and after the Luban Festival, Mongolian craftsmen who work away from home must return to their hometown by the second day of the fourth lunar month to pay respects to their ancestral master. Those who fail to return to celebrate the festival will be considered ungrateful and disrespectful to their teachers and ancestors.

Legendary Story

According to legend, the first person to learn the carpentry craft was a young Mongolian man named Zhanle. He was diligent, eager to learn, and very clever. He was determined to apprentice under the ancestral master carpenter, Luban (this story is fictional, as Luban lived and died 1700 years before the origins of the Mongolian people). After traversing mountains and valleys and visiting towns and villages, he finally encountered Luban one day. The master saw that this young Mongolian was sincere in his desire to learn and was extremely serious about his studies, so he took a liking to him and taught him his exceptional skills. When Zhanle completed his apprenticeship ahead of time, Luban appreciated him greatly and gave him a book titled “Mu Jing” (The Book of Wood). The master said, “Diligent study leads to a sharp mind, and hard practice refines skills. All the secrets and skills I’ve mastered in my life are written in this book. I hope that after you return, you will pass on the techniques from this book to your family and brothers, so they can also become skilled carpenters like you.” Zhanle immediately held the precious book “Mu Jing” and bowed in gratitude to his master Luban.

When Zhanle returned to his hometown in Yunnan, he never forgot his master’s teachings and changed his name to Zhan “Ban,” gathering disciples widely. Thus, the carpentry techniques were passed down through generations, and the Mongolian people in Yunnan also mastered skills in masonry, plasterwork, bamboo work, and other crafts.

Since Luban bestowed the “Mu Jing” and Zhan Ban accepted disciples every year on the second day of the fourth lunar month, Zhan Ban designated this day as the Luban Festival. Each year, on this day, Zhan Ban personally taught from the “Mu Jing” and gathered his disciples for competitions in sawing, planing, chopping, drilling, marking, and carving. He also carved a statue of Master Luban in sandalwood, which was worshipped by his apprentices and descendants to always remember Luban’s teachings and grace.

The Luban Festival is a traditional festival of the Mongolian people in the Xicheng area of Tonghai County, Yunnan Province, held on the second day of the fourth lunar month and lasting for one day. The Mongolian people living here learned architectural techniques from other ethnic groups. The houses they built were not only unique and beautiful in design but also durable, earning high praise from nearby ethnic groups. To commemorate and celebrate their achievements in construction, they designated the second day of the fourth lunar month as the Luban Festival.

On this day of celebration, masons, carpenters, and stoneworkers who are working away from home, regardless of the distance, rush back to enjoy the festival. Each village slaughters pigs and sheep and sets up stages for performances. People carry the carved statue of Luban made from sandalwood while beating gongs and drums, parading through the villages. Then everyone gathers in the square to sing and dance. Their favorite dance is called “Jumping for Joy.” In this dance, young men take the lead, holding the dragon-head four-stringed instrument, playing and dancing, while the crowd forms two lines or sometimes circles, intermingling with one another in varying formations, singing and dancing, creating a lively scene.

Festival Activities

The Mongolian ethnic group has many festival days. The Spring Festival, Qingming Festival, and Mid-Autumn Festival are all important celebrations for them. Due to interactions with other ethnic groups, the traditional festivals of these neighboring groups have also had a profound impact on the Mongolians. June 24th is a grand Torch Festival celebrated by many ethnic minorities in Yunnan, and the Mongolian people in Yunnan also enjoy this holiday. On this day, they go to the fields to worship “Mother Earth,” seeking her blessings for an abundant harvest. Children tie colorful threads to ward off disasters and illnesses; young people carry torches at night, playing and dancing joyfully.

The favorite dance of the Mongolian people in Yunnan is called “Jumping for Joy.” During the dance, young men lead the way while holding the four-stringed instrument, playing and dancing. Then, young men and women form two lines or arrange themselves in a circle, intertwining and changing formations, singing and dancing together. The performance is vigorous and lively, with the rhythm of the music perfectly synchronized with the dance movements, showcasing strong ethnic characteristics.

The Mongolian people in Yunnan are known for being skilled singers and dancers. Many of them can sing classical folk poetry that is similar to Mongolian music. The lyrics of this folk poetry are often improvised. Typically, a talented singer begins the song, and then men and women respond in a call-and-response style, making the form lively, with content that often expresses a longing for the future and a desire to leave the past behind.

Chinese Name:昆明雄达茶文化城
English Name:Xiongda Tea Wholesale Market  in Kunming

Kunming Xionda Tea Culture City was established in 2003 and is located in the prime commercial area of Beicheng District, Kunming, Yunnan Province. It is situated next to the Jinxing Interchange Bridge, close to the city’s main roads and light rail stations, covering an area of 46,600 square meters.

Overview

Kunming Xionda Tea Culture City features architecture inspired by the Ming and Qing dynasties, with a focus on Yunnan ethnic characteristics and landscaping. The city integrates various aspects of tea culture, including tea tasting, leisure and entertainment, tourism, dining culture, and the promotion of ethnic tea culture. It currently houses 432 businesses, with 40 of them being operated by ethnic minority groups such as the Yi, Hui, Zhuang, Tu, and Bai, representing 10% of the total businesses.

Key Events and Achievements

• September 19, 2020: The Tea Culture City hosted a series of tea culture events under the theme “党建引领·民族团结·盛世兴茶” (“Party Building Leading, National Unity, Prosperous Tea Era”). The events included:
  • Unveiling ceremony of the Tea Sage Lu Yu statue
  • Inauguration ceremony of the Yunnan Tea History and Culture Museum
  • Launch ceremony of the Xionda Tea Culture City Night Market
• 2022: Kunming Xionda Tea Culture City was designated as a demonstration unit for the third batch of Kunming City’s Ethnic Unity and Progress.

Geographical Location

Kunming Xionda Tea Culture City is positioned in the commercial golden area of Beicheng District, Kunming, next to the Jinxing Interchange Bridge. It is well-connected to major roads and light rail stations, making it easily accessible.

Architectural Features

The city showcases Ming and Qing dynasty-style architecture with Yunnan ethnic characteristics and lush landscaping. It serves as a comprehensive space for tea drinking and tasting, leisure activities, tourism, dining culture, and the dissemination of ethnic tea culture.

Cultural Activities

• Night Market Launch (September 19, 2020): The night market features a variety of activities including tea culture experiences, horse caravan culture, ethnic minority culture, tea tastings, tea art performances, popular tea drinking, specialty foods, and cultural performances. These activities aim to attract visitors, boost employment, promote local economic prosperity, increase Pu’er tea sales, and aid in poverty alleviation in the tea-growing areas of Yunnan.
• Yunnan Tea History and Culture Museum: Opened on the same day, the museum displays historical materials, old tea, and artifacts from five major tea companies: China Tea, Dayi, Xiaguan, Yiwuzhongqinghao, and Dianhong. It attracts many visitors and regularly hosts tea art performances and cultural events. The museum aims to promote Yunnan tea brands, showcase the history and culture of Yunnan tea, and create a distinctive identity for Yunnan tea. It also introduces Yunnan’s rich ethnic culture, customs, and history, allowing visitors to understand “colorful Yunnan” through “green tea.”

Kunming Xionda Tea Culture City serves as a professional market for Pu’er tea, which has a long history and deep cultural significance. The establishment of the Yunnan Tea History and Culture Museum within the city is of great practical importance for promoting Yunnan tea brands and highlighting the region’s tea culture.

Chinese Name:昆明邦盛国际茶叶文化产业中心
English Name:Bangsheng International Tea Culture Industry Center in Kunming

Kunming Bangsheng International Tea City (邦盛国际茶城) is a prominent tea culture center located in Kunming, Yunnan Province. It is also known as the Bangsheng International Tea Industry Cultural Center (邦盛国际茶叶文化产业中心). Here’s an overview:

Overview

• Establishment: Kunming Bangsheng International Tea City was established to serve as a major hub for tea trade and culture. It is designed to integrate various aspects of the tea industry, including tea trading, cultural exchange, and tourism.
• Location: The center is situated in Kunming, the capital city of Yunnan Province, which is a key location for the tea industry due to its proximity to major tea-producing areas.
• Features: The complex combines traditional tea culture with modern business practices. It offers facilities for tea tasting, trading, exhibitions, and cultural events, making it a comprehensive destination for tea enthusiasts and industry professionals.

Facilities and Services

• Tea Trading: The center hosts numerous tea merchants and vendors, providing a wide range of tea products for trade and purchase. It acts as a marketplace where buyers and sellers can conduct business and engage in transactions.
• Cultural Events: Bangsheng International Tea City regularly organizes events and activities related to tea culture. These may include tea ceremonies, cultural performances, and exhibitions showcasing the history and significance of tea.
• Tourism and Education: The center is also a tourist attraction, offering visitors the opportunity to learn about tea production, its cultural heritage, and its role in Yunnan’s history. Educational programs and guided tours are often available to enhance the visitor experience.

Significance

• Tea Industry Hub: As a major center for the tea industry, Kunming Bangsheng International Tea City plays a crucial role in promoting Yunnan tea and facilitating its distribution both domestically and internationally.
• Cultural Integration: The center serves as a venue for integrating traditional tea culture with modern practices, contributing to the preservation and promotion of Yunnan’s rich tea heritage.
• Economic Impact: By attracting tea traders, tourists, and cultural enthusiasts, the center supports local economic development and helps to elevate Kunming’s status as a key player in the global tea market.

Overall, Kunming Bangsheng International Tea City is a vital institution in Yunnan’s tea industry, blending commerce with cultural heritage and offering a platform for both trade and education in the world of tea.

Chinese Name:云南茶叶批发市场（金实茶叶市场）
English Name:Yunnan Tea Wholesale Market in Kunming

Yunnan Tea Wholesale Market (金实茶叶市场) is a significant tea trading hub located in Kunming, Yunnan Province. Here’s a detailed overview:

Overview

• Name: Yunnan Tea Wholesale Market (金实茶叶市场)
• Location: Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
• Established: The market has been established to cater to the growing demand for tea and facilitate large-scale trading of tea products.

Features

• Tea Trading: The market is a key center for wholesale tea trading, featuring a wide range of tea products from Yunnan and other regions. It serves as a crucial platform for tea traders, wholesalers, and distributors.
• Product Range: The market offers various types of tea, including Pu’er tea, black tea, green tea, and oolong tea. It includes both traditional and specialty teas, catering to different preferences and needs.
• Facilities: The market is equipped with numerous stalls and shops where vendors can display and sell their tea products. It also provides facilities for packaging, storage, and distribution.

Significance

• Tea Industry Hub: The Yunnan Tea Wholesale Market plays a vital role in the regional and national tea industry by facilitating the large-scale trading of tea. It helps in connecting tea producers with buyers and distributors.
• Economic Impact: As a major tea trading center, the market contributes to the local economy by creating jobs and supporting businesses involved in tea production, distribution, and retail.
• Cultural Exchange: The market also serves as a venue for cultural exchange, where visitors can learn about Yunnan’s rich tea heritage and sample a variety of local tea products.

Activities

• Wholesale Transactions: Tea merchants and wholesalers conduct bulk transactions at the market, dealing with large quantities of tea. This makes it a central point for tea commerce in the region.
• Tea Tasting and Sampling: The market often provides opportunities for tea tasting and sampling, allowing buyers to evaluate the quality of the tea before making purchases.
• Trade Shows and Events: Occasionally, the market hosts trade shows, exhibitions, and events related to tea, attracting industry professionals and enthusiasts from various regions.

In summary, the Yunnan Tea Wholesale Market (金实茶叶市场) is a crucial institution in Kunming’s tea industry, facilitating the wholesale trade of tea and contributing to the region’s economic and cultural landscape.

Yunnan Kangle Tea Culture City(云南康乐茶文化城）covers an area of nearly 250 mu and has 800 merchants. The main body of construction is: famous tea auction center, Yunnan famous tea museum, tea shops, tea art performance halls, tea culture art calligraphy and painting exhibitions, tea art training certification, tea culture product publication and distribution, etc. Yunnan Kangle tea Culture City（云南康乐茶文化城）has always been to cultivate a new culture consumer market, carry forward the traditional Chinese tea culture, and make effort to promote the development of the tea market in China.

Overview

• Name: Kangle Tea Wholesale Market in Kunming (昆明康乐茶城)
• Chinese Name: 云南康乐茶文化城
• Location: Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
• Area: Nearly 250 mu
• Number of Merchants: 800

Main Features

• Construction Components:
  • Famous Tea Auction Center: A venue for high-profile tea auctions.
  • Yunnan Famous Tea Museum: Exhibits and educates about renowned Yunnan teas.
  • Tea Shops: Various retail outlets specializing in tea.
  • Tea Art Performance Halls: Spaces for tea-related performances and exhibitions.
  • Tea Culture Art Calligraphy and Painting Exhibitions: Displays related to tea culture and art.
  • Tea Art Training Certification: Programs for tea art and certification.
  • Tea Culture Product Publication and Distribution: Activities related to the publication and distribution of tea culture products.

Reputation and Development

• Management and Service: The market is known for its excellent management system and considerate service, attracting both domestic and international tea merchants.
• Government Support: The market benefits from various levels of government support, contributing to its rapid and healthy development.
• Honors and Achievements: The market has won numerous honors for its contributions to the tea industry.

Facilities and Business Environment

• Hardware Facilities: The market features top-notch hardware facilities and comprehensive support services, including reasonable rental rates and high-performance value.
• Occupancy Rate: The rental rate for shops is 100%, with nearly 300 enterprises, 80% of which are well-known companies.
• Tenant Profile: Includes famous tea manufacturers from Hong Kong, Taiwan, Fujian, Zhejiang, and other major tea-producing areas in Yunnan Province.

Economic and Social Impact

• Value Addition: The market enhances the added value and competitiveness of Yunnan tea products, contributing to increased income for tea farmers.
• Poverty Alleviation: The market helps lift people in mountainous areas out of poverty and contributes to local financial growth.
• Tea Industry Development: It accelerates the development of the tea industry and supports economic growth in Yunnan’s tea-producing regions.

Business Concept

• Cultural Promotion: Yunnan Kangle Tea Culture City aims to cultivate a new market for tea culture, promote traditional Chinese tea culture, and drive the development of the tea market in China.

Strategic Goals

• Tea Culture and Economy: The market seeks to promote tea culture, enhance tea products, foster tea-related friendships, and prosper the tea economy. It serves as a platform for showcasing high-quality tea products from Yunnan Province.

Overall, Yunnan Kangle Tea Culture City is a prominent tea trading and cultural center that plays a crucial role in advancing the tea industry and promoting Yunnan’s tea heritage.

Chinese Name:大理鹤庆县龙六合彝族乡
English Name: Liuhe Yi Ethnic Town in Heqing County, Dali

Chinese Name:大理鹤庆县金墩乡
English Name: Jindun Town of Heqing County in Dali

Chinese Name:大理鹤庆县龙开口镇
English Name: Longkaikou Town of Heqing County in Dali

Chinese Name:大理鹤庆县西邑镇
English Name: Xiyi Town of Heqing County in Dali

Chinese Name:大理鹤庆县草海镇
English Name: Caohai Town of Heqing County in Dali

Chinese Name:大理鹤庆县黄坪镇
English Name: Huangping Town of Heqing County in Dali

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