Baoyun Minting Department in Huize County, Qujing
Chinese Name: 会泽宝云铸钱局
English Name: Baoyun Minting Department in Huize County, Qujing
The Baoyun Minting Department, located in Huize County within Qujing City, Yunnan Province, is a historical site that played a significant role in Chinese numismatics, particularly during the Ming and Qing dynasties. This site is known for its rich history in minting coins, which contributed significantly to the economy and coin circulation of China during its operational years.
Overview
History
The minting of coins in Yunnan dates back to 1555 during the 34th year of the Ming Dynasty under Emperor Jiajing. This event marked the beginning of coin production in Yunnan Province. A special commemorative coin named “Jiajing Tongbao,” made from yellow copper, was created to celebrate the first coin production, and this coin came to be known as the “King of Coins.” When the Baoyun Minting Department was established in Huize County during the 12th year of Emperor Yongzheng’s reign (1734), this “King of Coins” was prominently displayed above the entrance of the minting department, remaining there until the early years of the Republic of China.
Following the Qing Dynasty’s establishment, central mints named Baoyuan and Baoquan were set up in Beijing to produce coins for the empire. Yunnan became a significant region for minting due to its abundant copper resources, and various minting departments were established throughout the province to support the Qing government’s monetary system.
During the reigns of the Yongzheng and Qianlong emperors, Huize County became home to two minting departments, known as the new and old “Baoyun” minting bureaus. These bureaus were second only to the central minting bureaus in Beijing, earning them the title of “China’s Second Largest Minting Bureau.” They produced coins such as the “Yongzheng Tongbao” and “Qianlong Tongbao.” Later renamed “Baodong Minting Bureau,” these facilities minted coins for over 200 years, continuing until the early years of the Republic of China.
At its peak, the Baoyun Minting Department operated 70 furnaces, producing 440,000 strings of coins annually, employing around 1,500 workers, including furnace operators and craftsmen. It is often said, “A mountain of treasure echoes through the ages, and the smoke from the furnaces surrounds the land for millennia.” At one point, half of the copper coins in circulation in China originated from Huize.
Cultural and Historical Significance
The history of coin minting in Huize is intertwined with the development of Chinese monetary and economic history. The copper from Huize, a symbol of wealth and cultural integration, played a significant role in the region’s historical and cultural identity. At the Baoyun Minting Department, visitors can see various coin types, from the largest coin in the world to the smallest “wuzhu” coin. The site offers a comprehensive view of the evolution of currency, displaying items such as ancient shells, knife coins, “wuzhu” coins, silver notes, and modern coins. The memory of the coin-minting fire still resonates in the hearts of the people.
Travel Guide
Main Attractions
- Coin Exhibits: Displays of different types of coins, from ancient to modern, highlighting the history and evolution of Chinese currency.
- Minting Furnaces: Visit the historical minting furnaces that once produced a significant portion of the empire’s coinage.
- Historical Artifacts: View ancient coin molds, tools used by craftsmen, and other artifacts related to the coin-making process.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit the Baoyun Minting Department is during the spring (March to May) or autumn (September to November) when the weather is mild and comfortable. These seasons also offer a pleasant climate for exploring the surrounding historical and natural attractions of Huize County.
How to Get There
- By Air: The nearest major airport is Kunming Changshui International Airport. From Kunming, you can take a bus or a train to Huize County.
- By Train: Trains from major cities like Kunming to Qujing are available. From Qujing, you can take a local bus or taxi to Huize County.
- By Bus: Direct buses from Qujing or nearby cities to Huize County are also available. Upon arrival in Huize, local transportation options like taxis or buses can take you to the minting department.
Accommodation
There are several accommodation options available in Huize County, ranging from budget inns to more comfortable hotels. Staying in Huize allows easy access to the Baoyun Minting Department and other local attractions.
Travel Tips
- Language: Knowing basic Mandarin can be helpful, as English is not widely spoken in rural areas.
- Local Cuisine: Try the local Yunnan cuisine, known for its use of fresh ingredients and unique flavors.
- Guided Tours: Consider hiring a local guide who can provide in-depth knowledge about the history and significance of the minting department and other historical sites in Huize County.
Summary
The Baoyun Minting Department in Huize County is a significant cultural and historical landmark, offering insights into the rich history of Chinese coinage and the region’s economic importance. With its fascinating exhibits, historical significance, and picturesque setting, it is a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and travelers interested in Chinese culture.
