Chinese Name: 马关县古林箐原始森林
English Name: Gulinqing Primary Forest in Maguan County, Wenshan

Location and Climate:

Gulinqing Township is located in a tropical and subtropical region with a complex topography and intersecting rivers that create a vertical climate pattern: hot in river valleys, warm in mid-mountain areas, and cool in high mountains. It is situated in the southwestern part of Maguan County, approximately 89 kilometers from the county seat, between latitudes 22°40′58″ to 22°53′48″ and longitudes 103°52′53″ to 104°01′42″.

The area lies at the intersection of two prefectures (Wenshan and Honghe) and three counties (Maguan, Hekou, and Pingbian). It borders Qiaotou Township of Hekou County to the east, Nanxi Town and Laofan Village of Hekou County to the south, Baihe Township of Pingbian County to the west, and Miechang Township to the north.

Ecological Significance:

The Gulinqing Provincial Nature Reserve spans the junction of Maguan, Hekou, and Pingbian counties and features a unique tropical rainforest ecosystem. It is known for its ancient trees, the largest and most well-preserved Xianmu forest ecosystem in China, the largest Wangtian tree, and the critically small population of Yunnan camellia. Entering Gulinqing feels like stepping into a “museum” of ancient plants.

Biodiversity and Conservation:

1. Wangtian Tree: As an indicator species of tropical rainforests, the Gulinqing Reserve has recorded the largest Wangtian tree in terms of trunk diameter, measuring 2.4 meters. Historically, Wangtian trees faced extensive logging and are now near extinction. In Gulinqing, these trees are found in peak cluster rocky areas below 800 meters, with some interspersed with Xianmu forest, covering about 5000 acres.
2. Xianmu: Locally known as “firewood tree,” Xianmu forests in Gulinqing Reserve are the largest and most well-preserved in China, covering approximately 13000 acres. Xianmu grows in rocky peak areas and requires a unique habitat: “no stone, no wood.” It is found on the eastern slopes of the Nanxi River, between 429 meters and below 1000 meters. The largest recorded tree has a trunk diameter of 3.5 meters and an age of over 2000 years.
3. Slow Loris: Known locally as “lazy monkeys,” slow lorises are a critically endangered first-class protected wildlife species. The Gulinqing Reserve and its nearby ecological public welfare forest areas in southwestern Maguan County are major habitats for these primates. They live in tropical rainforests and subtropical evergreen broadleaf forests, are slow-moving, solitary, nocturnal, and primarily feed on insects, fruits, and bird eggs, with a particular fondness for wild honey.
4. Round-Nosed Giant Lizard: Also called “spiritual insect” locally, this critically endangered first-class protected species is found in the Gulinqing Reserve’s Huangjiangping, Xiaoluoshuidong, and Huayu Cave areas. These amphibian reptiles inhabit lower altitude river valley basins with mixed shrubs and grass, near streams or underground rivers. They live in burrows by mountain streams, can climb trees and swim, and feed on rodents, snakes, chickens, and decaying animal carcasses. Due to hunting and habitat destruction, they have become extremely rare in Gulinqing and Yunnan. However, recent habitat restoration has led to sightings of the species in Huayu Cave and Xiaoluoshuidong, indicating progress in conservation efforts.

Natural Beauty and Ecological Value:

Traversing the valley, one encounters knee-deep wormwood paths, shaded by trees, with long vines climbing the trees, bizarre rocks covered in moss, and babbling streams—an exquisite display of pristine ecology.

Conservation Efforts:

In recent years, Maguan County has firmly committed to eco-priority and green development. The county continues to optimize its green ecological pattern and strengthen ecological barriers, laying a solid foundation for a more comprehensive biodiversity conservation system.

Vision for the Future:

A harmonious coexistence with nature, where mountains remain green, waters flow long, air stays fresh, and humans live in harmony with the environment, represents the most beautiful homeland.

Chinese Name:普洱景谷县小黑江森林公园/小黑江亚热带雨林森林公园
English Name: Xiaohongjiang Subtropical Rainforest/Xiaoheijiang Forest Park in Jinggu County, Puer

Geographical Location and Natural Environment

The Xiaohongjiang Subtropical Rainforest is situated on the southern slopes of the Wuliang Mountains, at the border between Jinggu Dai and Yi Autonomous County and Ning’er Hani and Yi Autonomous County in Pu’er City, Yunnan Province, China. The river originates from the Dawang Tianhou and Zhaojiashan areas in Zhenyuan County, flows through Jinggu and Ning’er Counties, and eventually merges into the Lancang River. This region intersects with the Tropic of Cancer, featuring a highly diverse climate and lush subtropical rainforest vegetation. The mountains are gentle and welcoming, and the river is clear and tranquil. Dense subtropical broad-leaved forests line the riverbanks, while higher elevations are covered with pristine forests.

Natural Resources

The Xiaohongjiang area is rich in natural resources, with bamboo forests, large banyan trees, dragon’s blood trees, tree ferns, and other vegetation. The region is also home to wildlife, including macaques, lorises, François’ langurs, and peacocks. Moreover, it is a starting point of the ancient Tea Horse Road, featuring vast ancient tea gardens and thousand-year-old tea trees. In the depths of the forest, large wild animals can often be spotted, making this area a perfect destination for self-driving travel enthusiasts.

Literary Description

Famous writer Zhang Chang offers a poetic depiction of the mountains and waters of Xiaohongjiang in his essay “The Unspeakable Beauty”. He writes, “The mountains here are not the kind that pierce the sky like sharp swords in northwest Yunnan. They are not steep or imposing but are gentle and approachable. The water is also gentle, without the roaring wildness or turbulent frenzy. Xiaohongjiang is soft and graceful, with a gentle flow that creates calmness. The most beautiful aspect of Xiaohongjiang is its forests and waters; every stretch of the river is accompanied by forests, starting with the singing pine trees, then the mixed forests of conifers and broad-leaved trees. The tree canopies are not sharp like those in cold regions but rather curved like parabolas, lush green and soft. Being here, anyone would want to dive into this gentle water, becoming one with nature.”

Tourism Experience

The Xiaohongjiang Forest Park offers different scenery throughout the year:

• Spring: Flowers bloom in profusion, and birds sing in the verdant valleys.
• Summer: Cool breezes and a pleasant climate make the park an ideal retreat.
• Autumn: Characterized by golden leaves, vibrant colors, and fragrant wild fruits.
• Winter: The forest remains lush, the river water clear, presenting a magnificent view.

In this pristine forest, visitors can immerse themselves in the embrace of Mother Nature, finding peace and solace for the soul.

Information about Xiaohongjiang Forest Park

• Location: Approximately 40 kilometers from the county seat of Jinggu Dai and Yi Autonomous County, located at the border between Jinggu and Ning’er Counties in Pu’er City, Yunnan Province.
• Transportation: The road leading to the park is a Class Four asphalt road, suitable for self-driving.
• Local Specialties: Xiaohongjiang is known for its distinctive fish species, including red-tailed fish, striped fish, sharp-snouted fish, bald-headed fish, green fish, Jiang carp, and red-finned fish. There are also numerous local farm-stay options around the area where visitors can experience authentic local cuisine.

Recommended Travel Itinerary

1. Xiaohongjiang Forest Park: Enjoy the rainforest scenery and experience the tranquility of this well-preserved ecological zone.
2. Bailong Park: Located in Xiaojinggu Town, Jinggu County, taste the local Pu’er tea and appreciate the unique tea culture.
3. Mengwo Zong Buddhist Temple: One of the largest temples in southern Yunnan, known for its unique “pagoda embracing tree” and “tree embracing pagoda” phenomena. Built during the Shunzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, it embodies rich Dai culture and history, leaving a lasting impression on visitors.

Summary

The Xiaohongjiang Subtropical Rainforest, with its unique natural landscapes, abundant flora and fauna, and profound cultural heritage, is a sparkling green gem in the Pu’er region. For those seeking tranquility and a connection with nature, it is an exceptional travel destination.

Best Time to Visit

The Xiaohongjiang Subtropical Rainforest can be visited year-round, with each season offering a unique experience:

• Spring (March to May): This is one of the best times to visit, with mild temperatures and a burst of vibrant flowers and lush green foliage. The forest comes alive with bird songs and blooming plants, making it a perfect time for nature walks and photography.
• Summer (June to August): The weather is warm, and the forest provides a cool escape from the summer heat. This is an ideal time for exploring the forest trails and enjoying the refreshing breeze along the riverbanks.
• Autumn (September to November): Another excellent time to visit, autumn is characterized by pleasant temperatures, golden foliage, and the scent of ripening wild fruits. It’s perfect for leisurely hikes and enjoying the rich colors of the landscape.
• Winter (December to February): Although it’s cooler, the forest remains lush and green, with clear river water and a serene atmosphere. Winter visits can offer a peaceful, crowd-free experience in a beautiful natural setting.

How to Get There

Xiaohongjiang Forest Park is located about 40 kilometers from the county seat of Jinggu Dai and Yi Autonomous County, Yunnan Province. Here’s how to get there:

1. By Air: The nearest airport is Pu’er Simao Airport (SYM), located about 100 kilometers from the park. From the airport, you can take a bus or hire a car to reach Jinggu County, and then continue to the forest park.
2. By Car: The park is accessible by a Class Four asphalt road, making it suitable for self-driving. From Jinggu County, it’s a scenic drive to the park, taking approximately 1 to 1.5 hours. Follow the signs towards Ning’er County, and you’ll find the park well-marked along the route.
3. By Bus: Public buses and mini-buses operate from Jinggu County to the vicinity of the park. Check local bus schedules for routes that go towards Ning’er County, and ask the driver to drop you off at the nearest stop to Xiaohongjiang Forest Park. From there, you may need to walk or take a local taxi to the park entrance.

Useful Travel Tips

• Clothing: Wear comfortable, breathable clothing suitable for hiking and walking in the forest. During cooler months, bring a light jacket. Rain can be unpredictable, so carrying a waterproof jacket or an umbrella is advisable.
• Footwear: Sturdy, comfortable walking shoes or hiking boots are recommended, as trails may be uneven or slippery, especially during the rainy season.
• Safety: Be aware of local wildlife, and follow safety guidelines provided by park authorities. Avoid straying from marked trails to protect both yourself and the delicate ecosystem.
• Insect Repellent: Mosquitoes and other insects can be common, especially in the summer. Bring insect repellent to avoid bites.
• Hydration and Snacks: Carry sufficient water and snacks, especially if you plan on hiking or spending a lot of time exploring. While there are some local eateries and farm-stay options around the park, it’s best to come prepared.
• Photography: The park offers beautiful landscapes and wildlife for photography enthusiasts. Ensure you bring your camera, along with a protective cover in case of rain.
• Local Customs: Respect local customs and the natural environment. If visiting nearby temples or cultural sites, dress modestly and follow any guidelines provided.
• Guided Tours: Consider hiring a local guide for a more enriching experience. They can provide insights into the flora, fauna, and cultural significance of the area.
• Accommodation: There are farm-stay options and guesthouses available near the park. Booking in advance is recommended, especially during peak travel seasons like spring and autumn.

Xiaohongjiang Forest Park is a hidden gem offering tranquility, natural beauty, and cultural heritage, making it a must-visit destination for nature lovers and adventure seekers alike.

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Forests

Gulinqing Primary Forest in Maguan County, Wenshan

Chinese Name: 马关县古林箐原始森林 English Name: Gulinqing Primary Forest in Maguan County, Wenshan Location and Climate: Gulinqing Township is located in a tropical and subtropical region with a complex topography...

Attractions    Veiw

• Forest Park
• Forests
• Maguan County
• Wenshan

Xiaoheijiang Forest Park in Jinggu County, Puer

Chinese Name:普洱景谷县小黑江森林公园/小黑江亚热带雨林森林公园 English Name: Xiaohongjiang Subtropical Rainforest/Xiaoheijiang Forest Park in Jinggu County, Puer Geographical Location and Natural Environment The Xiaohongjiang Subtropical Rainforest is situated on ...

Attractions    Veiw

• Forest Park
• Forests
• Jinggu County
• Parks
• Puer