Laojiangpo Cliff Inscriptions in Yongping County, Dali

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Laojiangpo Cliff Inscriptions老江坡摩崖石刻, also known as Jihong Bridge Inscriptions (霁虹桥摩崖石刻), are located on a towering, steep stone wall on the west bank of the Jihong Bridge in Yongping County (永平县) of Dali (大理). This monumental rock face features inscriptions left by literati, officials, and elites during the Ming (明) and Qing (清) dynasties, who were inspired while traveling along the ancient Bonan Road (博南古道). The inscriptions, often large and bold, showcase a variety of calligraphic styles—clerical, cursive, and regular—and reflect the artistic and literary talents of their creators.

The inscriptions can be categorized into three main types:

Praises for the Jihong Bridge: Such as the “Jihong Bridge” from the Kangxi era (康熙) and “The First Bridge in Southwest” from the Chenghua era (成化).

Admiration for the ancient ferry: Like “The Key to the South” from the Kangxi era and “Vertical Cliff” from the Jiajing era (嘉靖).

Celebration of the intelligence of laborers, exemplified by the inscription “Accessible by Human Power,” where each character stands about 1.8 meters tall.

These inscriptions are a significant blend of historical value, calligraphy, literature, and stone carving art.

Historical Background

Located at the boundary between Baoshan (保山) and Yongping County, the Jihong Bridge (霁虹桥) spans the Lancang River (澜沧江) over a cliff. Before 1986, it was the oldest iron cable bridge in China. Historically, it served as an important crossing point on the ancient Silk Road, particularly the “Southwest Silk Road” which began in Xichang (西昌), traversed through Yunnan (云南), and continued into Myanmar and India.

The Jihong Bridge’s historical significance can be traced back to the Han Dynasty (汉朝) when it was known as the Lanzhin Ancient Ferry (兰津古渡). The bridge underwent various transformations: from a vine bridge in the Eastern Han Dynasty to a wooden bridge in the Yuan Dynasty (元朝), and finally to an iron cable bridge in the Ming Dynasty.

Major Inscriptions

Among the noteworthy poems and couplets inscribed here is Zhang Han’s (张含) poem “Lanjin Crossing” (兰津渡), which captures the essence of the region:

The mountains embrace the country of Ailao,
A thousand cliffs and ravines give birth to the pine wind.
The stone path truly follows Zhuge Liang (诸葛亮) of Han,
The iron pillar might convey the legacy of Tang’s E Gong (鄂公).
The bridge reaches the azure sky overlooking the green horse,
The river contains purple smoke floating the white dragon.
The fishing bridge is supported by this,
At the peak, we are merely inches from the Palatial Pine.

Current Status

As of now, there are over 30 existing inscriptions, with 28 of them still recognizable despite some damage due to natural erosion or human activity. The site represents the largest collection of cliff inscriptions in Yunnan (云南) and serves as a precious cultural artifact that combines literature and calligraphy.

How to Get There

Transportation Options

By Car: From Dali, take the road to Yongping County. The East route offers more scenic views and historical sites along the way.

Public Transport: Buses operate between Dali and Yongping, with stops in various towns.

Walking: For the adventurous, a hiking path leads from nearby villages down to the cliff inscriptions.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: The ideal seasons are spring and autumn when the weather is mild and the views are clear.
• Safety Precautions: Wear sturdy shoes and be cautious when navigating the rocky paths.
• Photography: Bring a good camera to capture the inscriptions and stunning landscape; early mornings offer the best light.
• Local Guides: Hiring a local guide can enrich your understanding of the inscriptions and the history of the area.