Introduction

The Ximeng County Martyrs Cemetery is located beside the Chengzi Reservoir in Mengka Town, Ximeng County (西盟佤族自治县, Xīméng Wǎzú Zìzhìxiàn), Pu’er City (普洱市, Pǔ’ěr Shì), Yunnan Province (云南省, Yúnnán Shěng). Established in 1960, the cemetery covers an area of 7,300 square meters.

Location

• Geographical Position: Beside Chengzi Reservoir in Mengka Town, Ximeng County, Pu’er City, Yunnan Province.
• Area: 7,300 m²
• Protection Level: District-level martyrs’ memorial facility, county-level cultural relic protection unit, and city-level patriotism education base.
• Established: 1960

Historical Background

The cemetery was constructed in 1960 to honor revolutionary martyrs. In 1986, the Ximeng County Party Committee and government invested 21,000 yuan to build a martyrs’ monument and main entrance. In 2016, further renovations were undertaken with funds raised from various sources, which included leveling 300 meters of road, repairing martyrs’ graves and memorial towers, inscribing plaques, hardening and greening the memorial square, and rebuilding the cemetery’s entrance and walls, totaling an investment of 4.6216 million yuan. In April 1996, it was designated as a “Ximeng County Revolutionary Traditional Education Base” by the Ximeng County Committee of the Communist Party of China and the local government.

Protection Measures

In May 1987, the cemetery was designated as a “Cultural Relic Protection Unit” by the Ximeng County People’s Government.

Social Activities

During traditional festivals and significant occasions such as Qingming Festival, Youth Day (May 4), Party Founding Day (July 1), Army Day (August 1), and National Day, the Ximeng County Committee and government organize activities for county officials, school staff, and military personnel stationed in Ximeng to pay tribute to the martyrs, clean graves, and lay wreaths. These events promote patriotism and embody the core socialist values.

Additional Information

For more details about visiting the cemetery and learning about its historical significance, you can explore online resources or local tourism websites dedicated to Yunnan Province.

How to Get There

The Ximeng County Martyrs Cemetery is easily accessible by road. Visitors can take a taxi or a local bus from the center of Ximeng Town to reach the cemetery, which is just a short distance from the Chengzi Reservoir.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: Plan your visit during cooler months or around significant national holidays for community activities.
• What to Bring: Consider bringing flowers for tributes, a camera for photographs, and comfortable walking shoes for exploring the area.
• Respect Local Customs: Engage respectfully during ceremonies and activities, particularly during commemorative events.

Introduction

Located within Jiangcheng Hani and Yi Autonomous County (江城哈尼族彝族自治县, Jiāngchéng Hānizú Yízú Zìzhìxiàn), the China-Laos NO.7 Boundary Monument (江城7号中国老挝界碑, Jiāngchéng 7 Hào Zhōngguó Lǎowō Jièbēi) marks a significant point along the 116-kilometer border between China and Laos. Situated at an elevation of 1,090 meters, the monument is the largest and most prominent boundary marker in the region, with the nearby highest peak being Yanjiao Mountain (岩脚大山, Yánjiǎo Dàshān) at 1,335 meters.

Natural Surroundings

The area surrounding the NO.7 Boundary Monument features tropical scenery, primarily consisting of pristine forest landscapes. Visitors may encounter various wildlife species, including:

• Langurs (琳猴, Lín hóu)
• Phayre’s leaf monkeys (菲氏叶猴, Fēi shì yè hóu)
• Slow lorises (懒猴, Lǎn hóu)
• Hornbills (犀鸟, Xīniǎo)
• Civets (果子狸, Guǒzili)
• Big cats (大灵猫, Dà líng māo)

The region is also home to living fossil tree ferns (树蕨, Shùjué) and features subtropical characteristics. To the south of the monument lies Zhengxiu (整秀, Zhěngxiù), a Dai (傣族, Dǎizú) village with unique residential architecture and customs.

Historical Significance

The newly constructed road from Jiangcheng to Laos conveniently passes by the NO.7 Boundary Monument. The history of this boundary dates back to the Qing Dynasty (清朝, Qīng Cháo) when, in 1895, France compelled the Qing government to cede parts of territory, leading to the demarcation of the China-Laos border in the subsequent year. This boundary remains to this day, hence the establishment of this monument.

Location and Accessibility

The NO.7 Boundary Monument is located in Yunnan Province (云南省, Yúnnán Shěng), specifically in Jiangcheng County (江城县, Jiāngchéng Xiàn). The Mengkang Port (勐康口岸, Méngkāng Kǒu’àn) is situated 36 kilometers from Jiangcheng city and 126 kilometers from Pu’er City (普洱市, Pǔ’ěr Shì), adjacent to Oudomxay Province (约乌县, Yuē Wū Xiàn) in Laos.

In July 2006, Mengkang Port was designated as a first-class border crossing under the national “11th Five-Year Plan.” Following its opening, it became the second first-class border crossing between China and Laos, after the Mohan Port (磨憨口岸, Móhān Kǒu’àn). On July 24, 2011, the State Council officially approved the opening of Mengkang Port, designating it as a bilateral highway passenger and cargo transport port with customs, inspection, and border defense facilities established.

How to Get There

To reach the China-Laos NO.7 Boundary Monument, visitors can take a taxi or drive from Jiangcheng County. The journey offers scenic views along the newly constructed road that connects Jiangcheng to Laos, making it an enjoyable trip.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: Spring and autumn are ideal for pleasant weather and vibrant scenery.
• What to Bring: A camera for capturing the picturesque landscapes, comfortable hiking shoes, and water for hydration.
• Wildlife Viewing: Be quiet and observant to maximize chances of seeing the local wildlife.
• Local Customs: Respect the traditions of the Hani and Dai people, especially in their villages.
• Nearby Attractions: Consider exploring other scenic spots in Jiangcheng County and the surrounding areas for a broader cultural and natural experience.

Overview of Dao Paiyue

Dao Paiyue (刀派约) is notable for being the only Tusi (土司) in Menglian County (孟连县) who abdicated due to illness, and he is also the only Tusi known to have a tomb. He was instrumental in inviting Buddhism into Menglian by sending emissaries to the ancient Burmese capital of Menghan Anwa (勐罕安瓦) to welcome the Buddha.

In 1492, this beloved leader, cherished by the local populace, chose Mengwai (勐外) as his retreat after stepping down due to his health. Upon his death, he was buried on Longshan (竜山) in Mengwai.

Historical Significance

Dao Paiyue’s tomb is an important historical site that reflects the cultural and religious transitions in the region. His efforts to promote Buddhism and connect with neighboring regions demonstrate the influence of the Tusi system in Yunnan and its impact on local governance and culture.

Location of the Tomb

The Tomb of Dao Paiyue is located in Mengwai, a part of Menglian County in Puer City, Yunnan Province. This site is not only significant for its historical context but also serves as a cultural landmark for those interested in the region’s rich heritage.

How to Get There

• By Bus: Visitors can take a bus from Puer City to Menglian County, and then use local transportation to reach Mengwai.
• By Taxi: Taxis are available for a direct journey from Menglian County center to the tomb.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: The ideal time to visit is during the dry season (October to April) when the weather is more pleasant for exploring.
• Cultural Respect: When visiting the tomb, be respectful of local customs and traditions, especially in this culturally significant area.
• Photography: Capture the beautiful surroundings, but ensure to ask for permission before taking photos of locals or religious ceremonies.
• Preparation: Bring water and snacks, as nearby amenities may be limited.

Chinese Name:宁洱民族团结誓词碑
English Name: Oath Monument of National and Ethnic Solidarity in Ninger County, Puer

Puer Oath Monument of National and Ethnic Solidarity in Ninger County travel guide introduces the main attractions, entrance tickets booking, The best time to visit, How to Get there, the highlights, facts, history, photos, weather, accommodation, visiting routes, travel tips, tour maps of Oath Monument of National and Ethnic Solidarity in Puer.

Chinese Name:保山武侯祠
English Name: Memorial Temple of Marquis Wu in Baoshan City

Baoshan Memorial Temple of Marquis Wu in Baoshan City travel guide introduces the main attractions, entrance tickets booking, The best time to visit, How to Get there, the highlights, facts, history, photos, weather, accommodation, visiting routes, travel tips, tour maps of Memorial Temple of Marquis Wu in Baoshan.

Chinese Name:保山滇西抗日阵亡将士纪念碑
English Name: West Yunnan Anti-Japanese War Memorial Monument in Longyang District, Baoshan

Baoshan West Yunnan Anti-Japanese War Memorial Monument in Longyang District travel guide introduces the main attractions, entrance tickets booking, The best time to visit, How to Get there, the highlights, facts, history, photos, weather, accommodation, visiting routes, travel tips, tour maps of West Yunnan Anti-Japanese War Memorial Monument in Baoshan.

Chinese Name: 昭通彝良县罗炳辉将军纪念馆
English Name: The Memorial Hall of General Luo Binghui in Yiliang County, Zhaotong

Overview:
The Memorial Hall of General Luo Binghui is located at Bajiang Pavilion, General Road, Yiliang County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province. The memorial covers an area of 6,500 square meters with a building area of 1,300 square meters. It is a specialized memorial hall dedicated to social science figures.

In 1987, preparations began for the repair of the memorial hall, which officially opened in February 1988. As of the end of 2019, the collection included 41 items (sets), 11 of which are valuable cultural relics.

Historical Development:

• 1986: The Yiliang County Cultural Relics Management Office was established with two positions, one of which was filled by the head of the office, Zhong Dakai, who was transferred from the Yiliang County Cultural Center.
• May 1987: After discussions among relevant leaders of the Yiliang County Committee and the Cultural and Sports Bureau, it was decided to establish the “Luo Binghui Achievements Exhibition Room”. Following the Cultural and Sports Bureau’s request to the Yiliang County Committee, a special team was sent to collect and organize materials from places where General Luo Binghui had lived and fought.
• February 1988: The Luo Binghui Achievements Exhibition Room used two rooms on the second floor of the Cultural Relics Management Office, covering less than 200 square meters, to display a large number of historical photos, materials, and artifacts, officially opening the memorial.
• 1991: The Yiliang County Luo Binghui Memorial Hall was completed with a three-story building, covering 500 square meters.
• 1997: On the 100th anniversary of General Luo Binghui’s birth, the exhibition room was renovated for the second time and renamed “Luo Binghui Achievements Exhibition Hall”. In December of the same year, Jiang Zemin, then General Secretary of the Communist Party of China, personally inscribed “People’s Benefactor General Luo Binghui” for the hall.
• 1998: The Central Secretariat and the State Council officially renamed the “Luo Binghui Achievements Exhibition Hall” as the “Luo Binghui Memorial Hall” with the document No. 12 of 1998.
• November 11, 2007: The memorial hall underwent its third renovation.

Museum Layout:

• Overview: The memorial hall occupies 6,500 square meters, with a building area of 1,300 square meters and a basic exhibition area of 1,250 square meters. It is situated at the foot of General Mountain in the southeastern part of the county seat and consists of a square, relief sculptures, green spaces, the exhibition hall, and a scenic bamboo forest. It is a single-story brick-concrete structure with a north-south orientation, consisting of three floors: the first floor includes a duty room, multimedia screening room, meeting room, storage room, and office, covering 1,250 square meters; the second floor is the main exhibition hall, also covering 1,250 square meters; the third floor includes the Yiliang County Model Exhibition, Yiliang County Regional Exhibition (Natural History Museum), and a temporary exhibition hall, covering 220 square meters.
• Exhibition Halls:
  • Basic Exhibition: The basic exhibition uses numerous photos, materials, and artifacts related to General Luo Binghui’s life, with four themes: “Determined to Serve the Country for Freedom,” “Risking Everything to Achieve Great Success,” “Clearing Enemies in the Jianghuai Region,” and “Bloodshed on the Battlefield Writes a Glorious History.”
  • Temporary Exhibitions: The memorial hall has hosted various temporary exhibitions, including the “Marine Biology Specimen Exhibition” (October 2005), “Yiliang Folk Customs Photography Exhibition” (January 2006), “Yiliang July Calligraphy Exhibition” (July 2007), “Yiliang Spring Art Exhibition” (January 2008), “Yiliang Reform and Opening-up 30th Anniversary Photography Exhibition” (October 2009), and “Yiliang Women’s Embroidery Exhibition” (March 2010).

Museum Features:
The architectural design of the memorial hall reflects local cultural characteristics and incorporates modern building materials. The brick-concrete structure features gray-blue, white, and yellow-brown granite to highlight the solemn atmosphere of the memorial, with a front that resembles a ship’s forward motion.

Collection:

• Overview: The museum’s collection comes from donations and purchases, including cotton, paper, metal, stone, wood, and composite materials. As of the end of 2019, the collection includes 41 items (sets), 11 of which are valuable cultural relics.
• Important Collections:
  • A handwritten letter from Chen Yi to Luo Zhentao, written three days after General Luo Binghui’s death on June 24, 1946. The letter encourages Luo Zhentao to remember her father’s teachings and follow his revolutionary path. This letter is a national first-class cultural relic and a treasured item of the museum.
  • A revolver and ammunition belt used by General Luo Binghui during the Jianan Uprising.
  • Medals awarded to General Luo Binghui for his participation in the “Shuikou Battle” in 1933.
  • An agate given to General Luo Binghui by Tibetan people during the Long March.
  • A water pen and notebook used by General Luo Binghui during the Anti-Japanese War.
  • Japanese war sabers, maps, and leather bags confiscated from the Japanese and puppet forces.
  • A government seal from when Tianchang County in Anhui Province was renamed “Binghui County” after General Luo Binghui’s death.

Collection Protection:
The museum’s artifacts are displayed in glass showcases for protection.

Cultural Activities:

• Academic Research: The memorial hall has supported the creation of the “Anti-Japanese Pioneer Luo Binghui” website by Long Meiguang and published various books on General Luo Binghui, including “Military Expert Luo Binghui,” “Luo Binghui in the Huainan Anti-Japanese Base,” “General Luo Binghui,” and “Remembering Comrade Luo Binghui.”

Honors:
On November 20, 2005, the Publicity Department of the Central Committee named the memorial hall as one of the third batch of national patriotism education bases.

Related Figures:
Luo Binghui, a senior commander of the Chinese Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army and the New Fourth Army, was born Luo Defu on December 22, 1897, in a Yi ethnic farmer’s family in Pianzhuai, Adou Township, Yiliang County, Yunnan Province. At 17, he left home to join the Yunnan Army in Kunming, where he rose from soldier to battalion commander. He participated in the Anti-Yuan and Northern Expedition Wars and joined the Communist Party of China in 1929, leading the famous Jianan Uprising. His troops were incorporated into the Red Army, and he held various important positions during the Land Revolution War and the Long March. After the Red Army reached Shaanxi, he studied at the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University and the Central Party School, and later worked in various roles, including serving in the New Fourth Army and creating the Huainan Anti-Japanese Democratic Base.

Institution Setup:

• Unit Nature: The memorial hall is a public welfare state-owned institution.
• Funding Sources: The memorial hall’s funds come from full financial allocations by the government.
• Organization: The memorial hall has departments for operations, external relations, and exhibitions.
• Staff: The memorial hall is staffed by six personnel.

Visitor Information:

• Location: The memorial hall is located at Bajiang Pavilion, General Road, Yiliang County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province.
• Transportation: From the Yiliang County Government—G352— to the Memorial Hall.
• Opening Hours: 8:00–11:30 and 14:30–18:00 (open year-round).
• Admission: Free.

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