Geographic Location
Dongwang Township (东旺乡) is located in the northern part of Shangri-La City (香格里拉市), situated between 99°23′ to 99°53′ east longitude and 28°22′ to 28°52′ north latitude, near the Yunnan-Sichuan border.
- East: Borders Dongsong Township (洞松乡) of Xiangcheng County (乡城县), Sichuan Province.
- Southeast: Adjacent to Geza Township (格咱乡) of Shangri-La City.
- South: Borders Nixi Township (尼西乡) of Shangri-La City.
- West: Neighboring Bairi Township (白依乡) of Xiangcheng County (乡城县), Sichuan Province.
The township spans 50 km from east to west and 23 km from north to south, covering an area of 1,281.69 square kilometers. It is located within the Hengduan Mountains (横断山脉) fault zone, characterized by a high mountain and deep valley landscape.
- Highest point: Yongniannalong Snow Mountain (拥念那垄雪山) at 5,050 meters above sea level.
- Lowest point: Lower Dongwang River (东旺河) at 2,180 meters, creating a 2,870-meter altitude difference.
This vertical climate zone results in a unique weather pattern described as “four seasons in one mountain, different climates within ten miles”. The river valleys exhibit a dry and hot climate typical of such regions.
Ethnic Groups and Traditional Crafts
Ethnic Groups
Dongwang Township is predominantly inhabited by Tibetans, who account for 99.67% of the total population (2008 data). Tibetan culture is deeply rooted in daily life, reflected in architecture, clothing, and festivals.
Traditional Crafts
Tibetan Clothing Production
- Main material: Handmade pulu (氆氇), a traditional Tibetan woolen fabric.
- Weaving techniques:
- Plain weave with cross “十” patterns.
- Twill weave with “人” (human-shaped) patterns.
- Typical products: Tibetan robes, belts, leg wraps, blankets, and bags.
- Colors and designs:
- Men’s Tibetan robes are white and brown with cross-patterns.
- Women’s attire is vibrant, dominated by black and dark blue, with red, yellow, green, black, and white triangle patterns on the chest and cuffs.
Other Potential Crafts
- Thangka Painting (唐卡绘制): Intricate Buddhist paintings with vibrant colors.
- Wood Carving (木雕): Commonly found in home décor and temples.
- Tibetan Incense Making (藏香制作): Using natural ingredients for aromatic and medicinal purposes.
Customs and Festivals
Traditional Festivals
Tibetan New Year (藏历新年)
The most significant festival for Tibetans, equivalent to the Han Chinese Spring Festival.
- Activities include house cleaning, making “Kasai” (卡赛, fried Tibetan pastries), horse racing, archery, and singing/dancing performances.
Wangguo Festival (望果节)
A harvest festival where villagers wear festive attire, hold barley stalks, and walk around farmland to pray for a good harvest.
- Includes horse racing, archery, and cultural performances.
Shoton Festival (雪顿节)
Held in the seventh month of the Tibetan calendar, meaning “yogurt banquet”.
- Features Buddha image unveiling, Tibetan opera performances, and a grand market fair.
Daily Customs
- Tibetan Buddhism influences daily life, with prayer flags and prayer wheels seen everywhere.
- Hospitality: Presenting a white Khata (哈达, ceremonial scarf) is a sign of respect and welcome.
- Religious ceremonies: Major life events (weddings, funerals, housewarming) involve inviting lamas to chant prayers.
Traditional Architecture
Dongwang Township does not have widely documented ancient buildings, but Tibetan settlements typically feature earth-wood structures:
- Two-story houses: Lower level for livestock storage, upper level for residence.
- Intricate wooden carvings on doors, windows, and pillars, featuring auspicious symbols, floral designs, and animals.
- Flat rooftops for drying crops and holding religious activities.
- Mani stone piles (玛尼堆) and prayer flags enhance the spiritual ambiance.
Tourist Attractions
Natural Landscapes
Dongwang Grand Canyon (东旺大峡谷)
- Located on the route from Daocheng’s Shangri-La Town (香格里拉镇) to Benzilan (奔子栏).
- Features steep cliffs and deep valleys, with roads built along the cliff base.
- Unlike Tiger Leaping Gorge (虎跳峡), this canyon is more secluded and rugged.
- Caution during rainy seasons due to rockfall hazards.
Snow-Capped Mountains
- Home to Yongniannalong Snow Mountain (拥念那垄雪山) and others.
- The snow-covered peaks shimmer under the sunlight, creating breathtaking views.
Pristine Forests
- Rich in spruce, fir, and diverse undergrowth.
- Habitat for wildlife like the Takin (羚牛) and Tibetan Snowcock (藏马鸡).
- Ideal for hiking and nature photography.
Alpine Meadows
- Flourish with wildflowers in summer and turn into a golden landscape in autumn.
- Great for wildlife spotting and outdoor activities.
Cultural Attractions
Tibetan Villages
- Experience traditional Tibetan homes and daily life.
- Enjoy butter tea (酥油茶), barley wine (青稞酒), and Tsampa (糌粑).
Handicraft Workshops
- Participate in Tibetan weaving and Thangka painting.
- Buy local handmade crafts as souvenirs.
Transportation
External Transportation
By Air
- Closest airport: Diqing Shangri-La Airport (迪庆香格里拉机场).
- Connected to Kunming, Chengdu, Chongqing, Guangzhou, etc.
- From the airport, travel to Shangri-La City by airport shuttle, taxi, or rental car.
- To Dongwang Township: No direct public transport; requires chartered vehicle (2-3 hours).
By Train
- Nearest station: Lijiang Railway Station (丽江站).
- From Lijiang to Shangri-La: Take a long-distance bus.
- From Shangri-La to Dongwang Township: Travel via chartered vehicle.
Internal Transportation
- Main roads are mountainous; some roads may be in poor condition.
- Self-driving is an option, but requires caution due to landslides and steep cliffs.
- For remote areas like forests and meadows, hiring a local guide is recommended.
Geographic Location
Wujing Township (五境乡) is located in the western part of Shangri-La City (香格里拉市), Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (迪庆藏族自治州), Yunnan Province (云南省), between 27°34′ – 27°52′ N latitude and 99°26′ – 99°36′ E longitude. It borders Jiantang Town (建塘镇) and Xiaozhongdian Town (小中甸镇) to the east, Shangjiang Township (上江乡) to the south (across the river from Yulong County (玉龙县), Lijiang City (丽江市)), and Deqin County’s Tuoding Township (德钦县拖顶乡) and Weixi County’s Tacheng Town (维西县塔城镇) across the Jinsha River (金沙江) to the west. To the north, it neighbors Nixi Township (尼西乡).
Known as the “Rooster Crows in Four Counties” due to its unique location at the junction of Yulong, Weixi, Deqin, and Shangri-La, the township government is stationed in Nongwentang Village (农温塘村民小组), Xiazhu Village Committee (霞珠村委会), at an altitude of 1,960 meters, 88 kilometers from downtown Shangri-La. Covering 333.83 square kilometers, the terrain features mountains at its back and the Jinsha River in front, with villages and farmland scattered along the riverbanks.
2. Ethnic Minorities and Traditional Crafts
Ethnic Groups
The Tibetan people dominate Wujing Township (五境乡), with small populations of other ethnic groups. Long-term interactions have fostered a rich regional culture, where Tibetan traditions deeply influence daily life, festivals, crafts, and arts.
Traditional Crafts
Bamboo Weaving
A prefecture-level intangible cultural heritage, bamboo weaving is practiced among Tibetan and Yi communities in Wujing. Shangri-La’s bamboo crafts are divided into fine-woven (e.g., butter tea boxes) and coarse-woven (e.g., agricultural baskets) styles, showcasing local ingenuity and aesthetics.
Xianzi (弦子) Making and Performance
Called biwang (碧汪) in Tibetan, this 1,000-year-old traditional instrument is iconic in Kham (康巴) culture. Local master Ge Rong Nongbu (格茸农布) blends traditional and modern styles, performing widely and founding a training school to preserve the art.
3. Customs and Festivals
Traditional Festivals
- Ezong Flower Festival (俄仲花节): Celebrated in Xiazhu Village (霞珠村) with dances, rituals, and gratitude for nature.
- Harvest Festival: Held during autumn rice harvests, featuring traditional farming activities like threshing and milling.
Daily Customs
Tibetan housing and male attire resemble other Tibetan regions, but women’s festive wear is distinctive: gold-trimmed red/white blouses, black vests, and embroidered skirts. Historically, polyandry (兄弟共妻) existed but was replaced by monogamy post-1953. Folk arts include the Langreba Dance (流浪热巴舞) and Kham Guozhuang (康巴锅庄) circle dances, open to visitor participation.
4. Ancient Architecture
Though undocumented in detail, Wujing’s Tibetan-style buildings feature two-story timber-and-earth structures: livestock on the ground floor, living quarters above. Decorated with carvings of the Eight Auspicious Symbols (吉祥八宝), they blend into landscapes adorned with mani stones and prayer flags.
5. Tourism Resources
Natural Landscapes
- Terraced Fields: 3,000 acres spanning 2,800–3,300 meters in altitude, best viewed at dawn from “Heavenly Ladder Platform” (天梯观景台).
- Jiren Qing (吉仁箐): A pristine valley with rare flora like Chinese yew (红豆杉), ideal for trekking.
- Jiren Fairy Cave (吉仁仙人洞): Limestone caverns with stunning stalactites and an underground river.
- Divine Chuan Water Curtain Cave (神川秘境水帘洞): A sacred Tibetan site featuring waterfalls and rock formations like the “Immortal’s Stone Bowl” (仙人石碗).
Cultural Attractions
- Tibetan Villages: Experience daily life, savor yak butter tea and tsampa (糌粑), and stay in homestays.
6. Transportation
External Access
- By Air: Fly to Diqing Shangri-La Airport (迪庆香格里拉机场), then hire a car (1.5–2 hours) to Wujing.
- By Train: Arrive at Lijiang Station (丽江站), take a bus to Shangri-La, then transfer to Wujing. Direct private transfers save time.
Local Travel
Rent a car or hire guides for remote areas like Jiren Qing. Mountain roads require caution.
Chinese Name: 兰坪县兔峨乡
English Name: TuE Township of Lanping County, Nujiang
Overview of Tuo’e Township
Geographical Location and Administrative Divisions: Tuo’e Township is located in the southwestern part of Lantsang Bai and Pumi Autonomous County, on both sides of the Lancang River Valley, 95 kilometers away from the county seat, with a total area of 546.55 square kilometers. To the northeast, it borders La Jing Town; to the southeast, it neighbors Yunlong County; to the west, it adjoins Lushui City; and to the north, it connects with Yingpan Town. It administers 1 community and 14 administrative villages, including Yongfu Community, Tuo’e Village, Atadeng Village, Lamaden Village, Fengdian Village, Jiangmo Village, Guoli Village, Dahua Village, Zaju Village, Wumapu Village, Yi Chang Village, Huaping Village, Shiping Village, Dacun Tou Village, and Damadi Village.
Cultural Characteristics: Tuo’e Township is a multi-ethnic settlement, mainly inhabited by 12 ethnic minorities, including Lisu, Bai, Nu, Yi, Pumi, and Naxi. The Nu people, the only specially small ethnic group in Lantsang County, reside solely in Tuo’e Township. The Nu people are renowned for their stone culture, with traditional buildings often constructed from stone, creating a unique architectural style. The area also boasts rich folk cultures, such as the Pumi dance “Cuocuo” and Lisu folk songs.
Economic Development: The economy of Tuo’e Township is primarily based on agriculture and industry. In terms of agriculture, the main crops include wheat, rice, and soybeans, with specialties like Yizhu pears and Lamaden pomegranates. The industrial sector focuses on mining and timber processing. In recent years, the tourism industry has also been growing, attracting numerous visitors to experience the local natural scenery and ethnic culture.
Historical Evolution: Tuo’e Township has a long history. During the Republic of China period, it belonged to Lijiang County. It underwent several administrative adjustments and was officially established as Tuo’e Township in 1987 after being designated as a commune in 1958 and later converted to a township in 1964.
Tuo’e Township, with its unique geographical location, rich ethnic culture, and diverse economic development model, has become a distinctive town in Lantsang County.
Chinese Name: 兰坪县石登乡
English Name: Shideng Township of Lanping County, Nujiang
Shiding Township, Lantsang County
Geographical Location and Administrative Divisions: Shiding Township is located in the northwest of Lantsang Bai and Pumi Autonomous County, on the banks of the Lancang River. It is 95 kilometers away from the county seat and has a total area of 551.73 square kilometers. The township is bordered by Tongdian Town to the east, Yingpan Town to the south, Fugong County to the west, and Zhongpai Township to the north. It administers 14 villages, including Shiding Village, Cheyiping Village, Sanniaohewan Village, Lazhuhe Village, Guchuan Village, Shizhongping Village, Xiaogela Village, Shuiyinchang Village, Jieping Village, Laideng Village, Dazhuqing Village, Huilong Village, Zhuanghe Village, and Renhe Village.
Cultural Characteristics: Shiding Township is a multi-ethnic settlement, mainly inhabited by the Lisu, Bai, Pumi, Han, Nu, and Yi ethnic groups. The Nu people are known for their stone culture, with traditional buildings often constructed from stone, creating a unique architectural style. The area also boasts rich folk cultures, such as the Pumi dance “Cuocuo” and Lisu folk songs.
Economic Development: The economy of Shiding Township is primarily based on agriculture and industry. In terms of agriculture, the main crops include rice, corn, and potatoes. The industrial sector focuses on mining and timber processing. In recent years, the tourism industry has also been growing, attracting numerous visitors to experience the local natural scenery and ethnic culture. Shiding Township is also known for its walnut and chili pepper industries, with a walnut planting area of 55,000 mu and chili peppers being a major agricultural specialty.
Historical Evolution: Shiding Township has a long history. Before the Republic of China period (1913), it belonged to Lijiang County. It underwent several administrative adjustments and was officially established as Shiding Township in 1987 after being designated as a commune in 1958 and later converted to a district in 1964.
Shiding Township, with its unique geographical location, rich ethnic culture, and diverse economic development model, has become a distinctive town in Lantsang County.
Chinese Name: 兰坪县中排乡
English Name: Zhongpai Township of Lanping County, Nujiang
Zhongpai Township, Lantsang County
Geographical Location and Administrative Divisions: Zhongpai Township is located in the northwest of Lantsang Bai and Pumi Autonomous County, on the banks of the Lancang River. It is 95 kilometers away from the county seat and has a total area of 551.73 square kilometers. The township is bordered by Tongdian Town to the east, Yingpan Town to the south, Fugong County to the west, and Zhongpai Township to the north. It administers 14 villages, including Zhongpai Village, Biyuhe Village, Beidian Village, Deqing Village, Doyi Village, Nuoduo Village, Xinchangping Village, Dazong Village, Xiaolong Village, Yanchuan Village, Datujicun Village, and Kzhuo Village.
Cultural Characteristics: Zhongpai Township is a multi-ethnic settlement, mainly inhabited by the Lisu, Bai, Pumi, Han, Nu, and Yi ethnic groups. The Nu people are known for their stone culture, with traditional buildings often constructed from stone, creating a unique architectural style. The area also boasts rich folk cultures, such as the Pumi dance “Cuocuo” and Lisu folk songs.
Economic Development: The economy of Zhongpai Township is primarily based on agriculture and industry. In terms of agriculture, the main crops include rice, corn, and potatoes. The industrial sector focuses on mining and timber processing. In recent years, the tourism industry has also been growing, attracting numerous visitors to experience the local natural scenery and ethnic culture. Zhongpai Township is also known for its walnut and chili pepper industries, with a walnut planting area of 55,000 mu and chili peppers being a major agricultural specialty.
Historical Evolution: Zhongpai Township has a long history. Before the Republic of China period (1913), it belonged to Lijiang County. It underwent several administrative adjustments and was officially established as Zhongpai Township in 1987 after being designated as a commune in 1958 and later converted to a district in 1964.
Development Model: Zhongpai Township has been actively promoting the “work-for-relief” model to boost the income of the local population. Through the establishment of construction companies or teams by the township, the model has been implemented in 17 projects with a total investment of 50.75 million yuan. This has provided employment opportunities for over 2,000 local residents, resulting in the distribution of approximately 6.5 million yuan in labor wages, with an average income increase of over 3,000 yuan per person. The township has also focused on training to develop skilled construction workers, enhancing their skills and management capabilities, which has further contributed to the local economy and improved the standard of living for the residents.
Zhongpai Township, with its unique geographical location, rich ethnic culture, and diverse economic development model, has become a distinctive town in Lantsang County.
Chinese Name: 兰坪县河西乡
English Name: Hexi Township of Lanping County, Nujiang
Hexi Township, Lantsang County
Geographical Location and Administrative Divisions: Hexi Township is located in the northeast of Lantsang Bai and Pumi Autonomous County, on the banks of the Tongdian River. It is 66 kilometers away from the county seat and has a total area of 577.12 square kilometers. The township is bordered by Yulong County to the east; Tongdian Town to the south, 35 kilometers away; Zhongpai and Shiding Townships to the west, 57 kilometers from the Zhongpai Township government; and Weixi County to the north. It administers 13 villages, including Hexi Village, Gongxing Village, Renxing Village, Yongxing Village, Xinfah Village, Bailong Village, Yushi Village, Qinghua Village, Dayang Village, Sanjie Village, Shengxing Village, Lianhe Village, and Shengxing Village.
Cultural Characteristics: Hexi Township is a multi-ethnic settlement, mainly inhabited by the Lisu, Bai, Pumi, Yi, and Han ethnic groups. The Pumi people are known for their rich traditional culture, and the area also boasts diverse folk cultures, such as the Bai dance “Cuocuo” and Lisu folk songs.
Economic Development: The economy of Hexi Township has seen significant growth, particularly in the cultivation of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. In 2024, the township achieved remarkable results in this sector, with a planting area of 12,000 mu and a production value exceeding 60 million yuan. This industry has become a key source of income for local residents, with over 2,900 households benefiting and an average income increase of more than 20,000 yuan per household. The township has also developed other agricultural products such as walnuts, chili peppers, and rapeseed oil. Additionally, Hexi Township is rich in mineral resources, including silver, copper, lead-zinc, and iron.
Historical Evolution: Hexi Township has a long history. Before the Republic of China period (1913), it belonged to Lijiang County. It underwent several administrative adjustments and was officially established as Hexi Township in 1987 after being designated as a commune in 1958 and later converted to a district in 1964.
Development Model: Hexi Township has been actively promoting the “work-for-relief” model to boost the income of the local population. Through the establishment of construction companies or teams by the township, the model has been implemented in 17 projects with a total investment of 50.75 million yuan. This has provided employment opportunities for over 2,000 local residents, resulting in the distribution of approximately 6.5 million yuan in labor wages, with an average income increase of over 3,000 yuan per person. The township has also focused on training to develop skilled construction workers, enhancing their skills and management capabilities, which has further contributed to the local economy and improved the standard of living for the residents.
Hexi Township, with its unique geographical location, rich ethnic culture, and diverse economic development model, has become a distinctive town in Lantsang County.
Chinese Name: 兰坪县通甸镇
English Name: Tongdian Town of Lanping County, Nujiang
Tongdian Town, Lantsang County
Geographical Location and Administrative Divisions: Tongdian Town is located in the eastern part of Lantsang Bai and Pumi Autonomous County, at the northern end of the “Lanzhou Dam.” It is situated in the crossroads of Lijiang, Dali, Diqing, and Nujiang, making it a strategically important area. The town covers a total area of 521.33 square kilometers and is bordered by Lijiang’s Shitou Township and Jiuh River Township to the east, Jinding Town and La Jing Town to the south, Shiding Township to the west, and Hexi Township to the north. The town government is located in Tongdian Street, which is 37 kilometers away from the county seat.
Cultural Characteristics: Tongdian Town is a multi-ethnic settlement, mainly inhabited by Bai, Pumi, Lisu, Nu, Yi, and Han ethnic groups. The area is rich in cultural heritage, with traditional customs and festivals celebrated by these ethnic groups.
Economic Development: The economy of Tongdian Town is primarily based on agriculture, with crops such as corn, wheat, and rapeseed being the main agricultural products. The town is also rich in mineral resources, including lead-zinc, iron, copper, mercury, and tin. In recent years, the tourism industry has been growing, with attractions like Luoguqing Scenic Area drawing visitors with its unique Danxia landforms and rich biodiversity.
Historical Evolution: Tongdian Town has a long history. It was established as a commune in 1958 and later converted to a district in 1964. It was officially designated as Tongdian Town in 1987 and was upgraded to a town in 2002.
Tongdian Town, with its unique geographical location, rich ethnic culture, and diverse economic development model, has become a distinctive town in Lantsang County.
Chinese Name: 兰坪县营盘镇
English Name: Yingpan Town of Lanping County, Nujiang
Yingpan Town, Lantsang County
Geographical Location and Administrative Divisions: Yingpan Town is located in the northwest of Yunnan Province, in the Lancang River Valley of Lantsang Bai and Pumi Autonomous County, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture. The town government is situated in Yingpan Street, which is 1,600 meters above sea level and 53.8 kilometers away from the county seat (Jinding Town). It is 157 kilometers from the prefecture capital, Lukou. The town covers an area of 547 square kilometers and is bordered by Lajing Town to the east, Tuo’e Township to the south, and the counties of Lushui and Fugong in Nujiang Prefecture to the west. It is connected to Shiding Township to the north.
Cultural Characteristics: Yingpan Town is a multi-ethnic settlement, primarily inhabited by Bai, Lisu, Han, Pumi, Nu, Yi, Naxi, Hui, and Tibetan ethnic groups. The Bai people make up 59.7% of the population, while the Lisu people account for 35.7%, and other ethnic groups make up 4.6%. The town is rich in cultural heritage, with notable sites such as the Yang Yuke Family Shrine Complex, a provincial-level cultural protection unit, and the Yang Yuke Residence, which is associated with a renowned anti-French general and patriotic leader.
Economic Development: Yingpan Town is a key commercial and logistics hub in western Lantsang County and is the most populous town in Nujiang Prefecture. It is also the second-largest rice production area in the prefecture, after Shangjiang. The town’s economy is primarily based on agriculture, with rice, corn, and wheat being the main crops. It is a significant commodity grain production base in the county. Additionally, the town is rich in mineral resources, particularly copper, which is of high quality and in large reserves. Copper products from the area are exported to major cities such as Shanghai, Beijing, and Shenzhen. In recent years, the tourism industry has been growing, with attractions like the Yang Yuke Family Shrine and the natural beauty of the Lancang River Valley drawing visitors.
Historical Evolution: Yingpan Town has a rich history. The name “Yingpan” originated in the fourth year of the Tongzhi reign during the Qing Dynasty (1865), when troops were stationed there. Before 1913, the area belonged to Lijiang County and was known as Shanhou Li. After the establishment of Lanping County, it was renamed Xin Hua Li. In 1919, it was designated as the third district. The town has undergone several administrative changes and was officially established as Yingpan Town in 1987.
Natural Resources and Infrastructure: The town is characterized by its diverse topography, with altitudes ranging from 1,402 to 4,168 meters. It has 53,140 acres of arable land, including 15,585 acres of paddy fields and 37,555 acres of dry land. The town also boasts 25,563 acres of forest and 99,384 acres of potential afforestation land. Water resources are abundant, with over 20 rivers and streams, two county-run hydropower stations, and two town-run stations. The Lancang River runs through the town for 56 kilometers, and there is a planned Huangdengyan hydropower station on the river. Infrastructure development has been significant, with all 17 village committees having access to telephones, electricity, and broadcast and television services. Ten village committees have access to rural roads, and the town has a wireless paging and mobile phone service.
Yingpan Town, with its strategic location, rich ethnic culture, and diverse economic development, stands as a distinctive and vibrant town in Lantsang County.
Chinese Name: 兰坪县拉井镇
English Name: Lajing Town of Lanping County, Nujiang
Lajing Town, Lantsang County
Geographical Location and Administrative Divisions: Lajing Town is located in the middle of Lantsang Bai and Pumi Autonomous County, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. It is situated between 99°10′ – 99°23′ E and 26°18′ – 26°41′ N, connecting Dian and Jinding to the east, Tuo’e to the south, Yingpan to the west, and Shideng to the north. The town covers an area of 508.47 square kilometers and has nine village committees, 78 natural villages, 103 villager groups, and a population of 16,420 (as of 2017).
Cultural Characteristics: Lajing Town is a multi-ethnic settlement, primarily inhabited by Bai, Pumi, Lisu, Yi, and Han ethnic groups. The Bai people make up 59.7% of the population, while the Lisu people account for 35.7%, and other ethnic groups make up 4.6%. The town is rich in cultural heritage, with notable sites such as the Yang Yuke Family Shrine Complex, a provincial-level cultural protection unit.
Economic Development: Lajing Town is known for its salt production, with a history dating back to the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty. The town is also rich in forest resources, with a forest coverage rate of 78%, making it one of the towns with better forest vegetation in the county. The town’s economy is primarily based on agriculture, with crops such as rice, corn, and wheat. It is also a significant commodity grain production base in the county. Additionally, the town is rich in mineral resources, particularly copper, which is of high quality and in large reserves.
Historical Evolution: Lajing Town has a rich history. The name “Lajing” originated in the fourth year of the Tongzhi reign during the Qing Dynasty (1865), when troops were stationed there. Before 1913, the area belonged to Lijiang County and was known as Shanhou Li. After the establishment of Lanping County, it was renamed Xin Hua Li. In 1919, it was designated as the third district. The town has undergone several administrative changes and was officially established as Lajing Town in 1987.
Tourist Resources: Lajing Town is well-preserved, with 78% forest coverage and rich biological species. It is a natural green ecological paradise. Fuhe Mountain is a green pearl, which belongs to the core area of Yunling, a world natural heritage site with three parallel rivers, with an average altitude of 2,900 meters. The town also has its own ancient salt mine development site, Yanma ancient road culture, natural hot spring, Taoshu Lake, and other tourist attractions.
Lajing Town, with its unique geographical location, rich ethnic culture, and diverse economic development model, stands as a distinctive and vibrant town in Lantsang County.
Chinese Name: 兰坪县金顶镇
English Name: Jinding Town of Lanping County, Nujiang
Jinding Town, Lantsang County
Geographical Location and Administrative Divisions: Jinding Town is located in the southeast of Lantsang Bai and Pumi Autonomous County, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. It is the county seat of Lantsang County and covers a total area of 406.48 square kilometers. The town is situated in the valley of the Hengduan Mountains, with an altitude of over 2,240 meters. It has a subtropical, mountainous monsoon climate with an average annual temperature of 11.7°C and an annual precipitation of 1,015.5 mm. The town is bordered by Jianchuan County to the east, Yunlong County to the south, La Jing Town to the west, and Tongdian Town to the north. It is 3.5 kilometers away from the county seat.
Cultural Characteristics: Jinding Town is a multi-ethnic settlement, primarily inhabited by Bai, Pumi, Lisu, Yi, Han, and other ethnic groups. The Bai people make up 80.13% of the population, while the Pumi people account for 7.63%. The town is rich in cultural heritage, with notable sites such as the Erwu Mountain Xuanyuan Shrine, a site associated with the legendary Yellow Emperor, and the Jinji Temple, a historic Buddhist site.
Economic Development: Jinding Town is the political, economic, and cultural center of Lantsang County. The economy is primarily based on agriculture, with crops such as rice, corn, and wheat. It is also a significant commodity grain production base in the county. The town is rich in mineral resources, particularly lead-zinc, which is of high quality and in large reserves. The town has seen significant economic growth, with a total industrial and agricultural output of 223.33 million yuan in 2007, a growth rate of 28%. The average per capita income for farmers was 2,200 yuan, with a growth rate of 12.1%.
Natural Resources and Tourism: Jinding Town is known for its rich natural resources, including forests and wildlife. It is also a key forestry town in the county, with a forest coverage rate of 42%. The town features attractions such as the Erwu Mountain Xuanyuan Shrine and the Jinji Temple, which attract visitors with their historical and cultural significance.
Infrastructure and Development: The town has well-developed infrastructure, with all villages having access to electricity, roads, television, and telecommunications. The town’s main roads are paved, and there are numerous educational and medical facilities, including several primary schools and middle schools.
Jinding Town, with its unique geographical location, rich ethnic culture, and diverse economic development model, stands as a distinctive and vibrant town in Lantsang County.
Chinese Name: 泸水市古登乡
English Name: Gudeng Township of Lushui City, Nujiang
Gudeng Township, Lushui City
Geographical Location and Administrative Divisions: Gudeng Township is located in the northern part of Lushui City, within the Hengduan Mountains’ longitudinal valley area. It is bordered by Biluo Snow Mountain to the east (adjacent to Lanping County), Gaoligong Mountain to the west (bordering Myanmar), Luobenzhuo Bai Ethnic Township to the north, and Chenggan Township to the south. The township covers an area of 329.35 square kilometers and has a population of 16,420 (as of 2017). It administers 1 community and 11 administrative villages: Enhé Community, Jijia Village, Lasidi Village, Youya Village, Yabiro Village, Nipulo Village, Eddie Luo Village, Ganben Village, Makadi Village, Jiaduoma Village, Sezhong Village, and Nianping Village. The township government is located in Jijia Village.
Cultural and Historical Background: Gudeng Township has a rich history and cultural heritage. Before 1949, it belonged to Nu Di Township in Lanping County. In 1950, it was designated as the fifth district of Bi Jiang County. It underwent several administrative changes and was officially established as Gudeng Township in 1988.
Natural Environment: The township is situated in the Nu River Canyon, characterized by a typical high-mountain valley terrain. The highest point is at an altitude of 4,379 meters, while the lowest point is at 919 meters. The climate varies vertically, ranging from cold in the high mountains to hot in the river valleys, with an average annual temperature of 17°C and an annual precipitation of 1,322 mm.
Economic Development: The economy of Gudeng Township is primarily based on agriculture, with crops such as rice, corn, and wheat. The area is also known for its rich forest resources and diverse biological species. In recent years, the township has focused on improving infrastructure and enhancing the living conditions of its residents.
Infrastructure and Development: Gudeng Township has been actively improving its infrastructure. For example, in Ganben Village, the village roads have been upgraded with anti-slip steps and solar-powered streetlights to enhance nighttime visibility. The village has also implemented environmental improvements, including yard paving, courtyard greening, and kitchen and electrical system upgrades. These efforts have significantly enhanced the villagers’ sense of happiness and security.
Gudeng Township, with its unique geographical location, rich cultural heritage, and ongoing infrastructure improvements, stands as a distinctive and vibrant township in Lushui City.
Chinese Name: 泸水市称杆乡
English Name: Chenggan Township of Lushui City, Nujiang
Chenggan Township, Lushui City
Geographical Location and Administrative Divisions: Chenggan Township is located in the northern part of Lushui City, within the Hengduan Mountains’ longitudinal valley area. It is bordered by Biluo Snow Mountain to the east (adjacent to Lanping County), Gaoligong Mountain to the west (bordering Myanmar), Luobenzhuo Bai Ethnic Township to the north, and Chenggan Township to the south. The township government is located in Jijia Village, 55 kilometers away from the city of Lukou, the seat of the怒江州 government. It covers an area of 480.32 square kilometers and has a population of 17,149 (as of 2017). It administers 11 administrative villages: Enhé Community, Jijia Village, Lasidi Village, Youya Village, Yabiro Village, Nipulo Village, Eddie Luo Village, Ganben Village, Makadi Village, Jiaduoma Village, Sezhong Village, and Nianping Village.
Cultural Characteristics: Chenggan Township is a multi-ethnic settlement, primarily inhabited by the Lisu, Bai, Yi, Nu, and other ethnic groups. The Lisu people make up the majority of the population. The area is rich in cultural heritage, with traditional customs and festivals celebrated by these ethnic groups.
Economic Development: The economy of Chenggan Township is primarily based on agriculture, with crops such as rice, corn, and wheat. The area is also known for its rich forest resources and diverse biological species. In recent years, the township has focused on improving infrastructure and enhancing the living conditions of its residents.
Natural Environment: The township is situated in the Nu River Canyon, characterized by a typical high-mountain valley terrain. The highest point is at an altitude of 4,162 meters, while the lowest point is at 919 meters. The climate varies vertically, ranging from cold in the high mountains to hot in the river valleys, with an average annual temperature of 20.5°C and an annual precipitation of 1,322 mm.
Infrastructure and Development: Chenggan Township has been actively improving its infrastructure. For example, in Ganben Village, the village roads have been upgraded with anti-slip steps and solar-powered streetlights to enhance nighttime visibility. The village has also implemented environmental improvements, including yard paving, courtyard greening, and kitchen and electrical system upgrades. These efforts have significantly enhanced the villagers’ sense of happiness and security.
Chenggan Township, with its unique geographical location, rich cultural heritage, and ongoing infrastructure improvements, stands as a distinctive and vibrant township in Lushui City.
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