History of Yongping County in Dali
The Southern Silk Road is a ancient network of footpaths crossing Yunnan from East to West that provided trade links between China and the West. The part that passes the Bonan mountains is known as the Bonan trail (博南古道, Bo Nan Gu Dao).Also of a later date and less used then the Northern Silk Road it still provided a link between the cultures of China and Burma and the Indian subcontinent. Marco Polo took this route through Yunnan on his way back from visiting the Burmese king in Bagan.
Start and finish of the trail
Like any road or trail going east west in Yunnan crosses serious rivers and high mountain chains.The trails lead across these mountain ranges to the places where the big rivers could be crossed.The Bonan trail started in Yangbi at the Yunlong Bridge and ends in the Walled town of Tengchong across the Gaoligongshan mountains and crosses the Lancangjiang (Mekong) river at the Jihong Bridge (Build in 1681 as a metal chain bridge, before there was a rattan bridge at the same location) and the Nujiang (Salween) river at the double Shuanghong Bridge (Build in 1759) or later the Huiren Bridge (Build in 1839). On its way the trails cross several smaller rivers and streams.
Original trail
Historic documents tell the story of temples in combination with the Silk Road trail. These temples were regarded to be safe stopovers and travellers often stayed there overnight. One of the mentioned places is the Jiang Ding Si temple.
Most of these trails were just dirt roads but some stretches got paved such as the trail in front of the Jiang Ding temple. The thousands of pack horses and mules have worn out the trail with their iron clad hoofs and their marks still can be seen in the paving stones of the trail.
Recently it got quite busy again along the trail near the Jiang Ding Si temple. New access roads and a whole new suspension bridge were build to aid the work on a huge railway bridge for the new Dali/Baoshan high-speed railway.
And in Er’yuan ,you will experience not only mountains and rivers,But also hot spring.Dali Geothermal Paradise in Jiuqitai Hot Spring,Eryuan County.Aside from the amusing name, the “Geothermic Kingdom” is the largest hot springs in Asia, and may be the most beautiful. Set in a valley surrounded by mountains, and so big you could get lost inside. There are pools of all temperatures and sizes, pools shaped like giant hands, pools with caves, pools filled with skin purifying milk, and one that claims to cleanse your heart and soul. It’s just over an hour from Dali city, open 24hrs.
Name:Eryuan geothermal spring
Tel:(0872)5128888
Address:Around Cibi Lake,Eryuan County
Name:Eryuan Library
Address:No.31,Wenkang Road,Eryuan County
Name:Eryuan Wenquan Spa(温泉会馆)
Tel:(0872)5129999
Address:No.30,Wenkang Road,Eryuan County
Name:8090 Drink Bar
Tel:+8615125030077
Address:Around Spring District,Wenkang Road,Eryuan County
Name:Jinshuige Teahouse
Address:No.90,Xingyuan Road,Wenkang Road,Eryuan County
Name:Culture Hall
Address:No.32,Wenkang Road,Eryuan County
Dali Geothermal State is located 2 kilometers northeast of Er’yuan county seat and adjacent to Cibi Lake. It’s about 50 kilometers from Dali Old Town.
Er’yuan is known as hometown of hot springs in Dali. It’s said that Jianwen Emperor of the Ming Dynasty once enjoyed hot spring bath here. Most of the hot springs in Er’yuan County exhibits water temperature from 70 to 90 degrees Celsius, and contain potassium, calcium, magnesium, ferrum and other minerals. Bathing and “steamed” in such springs is believed to help cure some diseases, for which Er’yuan geothermal state is regarded as “a natural therapy hospital”. Covering nearly 1,000 Mu (Chinese acre), it has been the largest open-air hot spring bath spot in Asia.
Innumerable tourists visit Eryuan County in throngs to see its beautiful lakesides and mountains, its numerous humanistic landscapes, and its rich ethnic culture and customs.
Name:Jinmanlou KTV(金满楼KTV)
Address:Zhengnan Street,Heqing County,Dali
Name:Judian Wine Bar(聚点酒吧)
Address:Jinputi Street,Heqing County,Dali
Name:Yikang Massage(益康推拿)
Address:Jinputi Street,Heqing County,Dali
Name:Landiao Bar(蓝调酒吧)
Address:B-9-12,Jinputi Street,Heqing County,Dali
Name:Yixian Tea Bar(吧)
Address:Jinputi Street,Heqing County,Dali
Xinhua, also known as Shizhaizi, is a Bai ethnic village in the northwest of Heqing County of Dali Prefecture. It’s only 40 kilometers or 30 minutes’ drive from Lijiang.
In the dialect of local Bais, Xinhua is called “Nahezi”, “Buhezi”, and “Zhoyiguozi”. For centuries, Xinhua has been noted for its silverwares preferred by Tibetans and other minority groups. Villagers there inherited the family trade since the Nanzhao Period (738-937) in the Tang Dynasty. Each family is a factory or workshop for handicrafts made from silver, copper, and even gold. Marked as “Shizhaizi Silverwares”, silverwares from Xinhua Village are especially popular in ethnic areas of Yunnan, Sichuan, Qinghai, Tibet, Xinjiang, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Guizhou and Hunan etc; some are even exported to India, Pakistan, Myanmar, Thailand, Nepal, Japan and the United States.
Located at the foot of the Phoenix Mountain, Xinhua Village boasts many natural springs whose water gushes out from gardens of local families. A wide area of wetlands has been conserved around the Black Dragon Pool (Hei Long Tan) that is also locally called “Shizhaizi Dragon Pool”. Pastoral sceneries of farmlands, stony hills and streams can be upheld all the year around. Taking into consideration of its traditional workmanship and abundant subterranean water resources, the China Ministry of Culture Department and China Rural Development Committee bestowed Xinhua Village “the Hometown of Folk Arts” and “the Hometown of Folk Culture”. In 2010, Xinhua Village was approved as a state 4A-level scenic spot.
In the south village (Nanyi Village) of Shizhaizi, you can visit Yuhuangge (Jade Emperor Temple) on the Phoenix Mountain and the Patron God Shrine near Xingzi Dragon Pool; while in the north village (Beiyi Village), you can explore to Heguang Temple and a seven-storeyed pagoda.
Price: Average Prices: USD 3 to 7
Address:No.164,Yuehua Street,Nanzhao Weishan Old Town.
2. Time on Cloud Café(云上的日子)
Price: Average Prices: USD 3 to 8
Address: No.123,Yuehua Street,Nanzhao Weishan Old Town.
Weishan Nanzhao Kingdom History
Dali is more famous because it was long the capital of the Nanzhao Kingdom, Tang Dynasty China’s rival in the southwest, and its successor the Kingdom of Dali, which remained independent until overwhelmed by Kubilai Khan’s Mongols in 1253. It is also near scenic Erhai Lake and mountains of 4000+ meters, which made it a prime destination from the very dawn of modern tourism. Weishan is less well endowed physically and topographically, but did not undergo the commercial transformation of Dali, where now virtually every building caters to the tourist industry. Weishan is still a slice of Old China, unique in western Yunnan.
Moreover, it has its historical importance as well, for the Nanzhao Kingdom had its start right here, in the 7th century, when the town was known as Mengshe, the capital of one of the six native chiefdoms, or zhao, roughly in the area that is now Dali Prefecture. Being in the most southern location of the six, the area around Mengshe was the Southern zhao—Nanzhao. In 649 its ruler Xinuluo conquered a neighboring tribe in Midu and shortly after, when Tang Court officials were looking for an ally to secure their southwest frontier they chose Xinuluo’s state.
Four generations later Mengshe’s ruler Piluoge conquered the other five zhao. In 738 the Tang conferred a royal title on him and recognized Nanzhao as a vassal state. Piluoge’s own opinion, and that of his successors, was that Nanzhao was independent on a par with Tang China. Until it fell in the early 10th century, shortly after the Tang regime’s own demise, Nanzhao fought both Tibet and China for control of the region, periodically launching invasions into Sichuan, defeating any invasion into its own realm. But now that Piluoge’s success had made Nanzhao a bigger state, the capital shifted closer to Erhai Lake; first at Taihe, then Dali.
Mengshe lost its political importance and had no impact on the history of the next several centuries. Nanzhao expanded, contracted and imploded. Its successor Dali lived in peace with Song Dynasty China until the Mongol conquest. With the rise of the Ming Dynasty in the 14th century, the Mongols evacuated and the Ming Court began sending immigrants from eastern China into Yunnan to give it a more Chinese identity. In the Dali area, from 1382 the Ming Court dispatched soldiers to both establish military garrisons and clear land to settle down on farms.
At that time the overwhelming majority of the inhabitants of Yunnan were not Han Chinese but a mixture of many ethnic minorities. In Dali Prefecture the dominant groups are the Bai and Yi. Nanzhao’s ruling class was Yi or proto-Yi, while Dali’s kings were Bai. Today the Bai constitute the largest ethnic minority in the prefecture and dominate the plains areas, while the hills are mostly inhabited by Yi.
Because they are the largest community Dali is an Autonomous Bai Prefecture, where the top officials are Bai. But the Yi and Hui outnumber the Bai in Weishan, so the latter is an Autonomous Yi and Hui County. Some of the Hui are descendants of Kubilai Khan’s Central Asian Muslim allies, who stayed on to administer and garrison the province in the Yuan Dynasty. Others came in after the Ming Dynasty evicted the Mongols and sponsored immigration.
In the late 14th century the city underwent a major transformation, beginning with a name change from Mengshe to Weishan, apparently a contraction of Weibaoshan, a sacred mountain 18 km south of the city that would become home to many temples, mostly Taoist, over the next four centuries. The mountain is swathed in thick forests of pine and cypress, the shrines and temples sited at intervals along roads and paths that ascend to the summit.
Weishan, The Old Capital Of Nanzhao Kingdom
Weishan Old Town is located in Weishan county seat in the south of Dali Prefecture. It’s about 50 kilometers away from Xiaguan (capital city of Dali Prefecture). The name “Weishan” is derived from “Weibaoshan Mountain” in the east.
Referred to as “Xielong” and “Menghua” in ancient times, Weishan is one of the earliest places in Yunnan to be set as counties. Weishan Old Town is claimed to be “the old capital of Nanzhao Kingdom” and is in fact the cradle of Nanzhao Culture. In 737, Pi Luoge-the chieftain of Nanzhao Tribe-was supported by the Tang Court to unify other 5 tribes around Er’hai Lake Area and establish the Nanzhao Kingdom (738-937) (“Nanzhao” means “the south tribe”. It is actually Mengshe Tribe that was situated in the south of Er’hai Lake Area).
Weishan Old Town is not only a state-level historical and cultural town, but also one of the “4 famous cultural towns” (Wen Xian Ming Bang) in Yunnan Province (the other 3 ones are Kunming, Jianshui and Dali). With a history of more than 600 years, the ancient city of Weishan conserved now was firstly built in the 22nd year during Zhu Yuanzhang’ reign. The ancient city of Weishan is also known as Menghua City (méng huà chéng蒙化城), which used to be the birthplace of the ancient Nanzhao Kingdom. Around the ancient city of Weishan, there built solid walls, with four gates on each direct (including the East Gate, the West Gate, the South Gate and the North Gate). In the center of the city, there is a Xinggong Tower (xīng gǒng lóu星拱楼), meaning a tower surrounded by stars. The shape of the ancient city is like a square seal. Inside the city, all the roads are arranged according to the chessboard type, with 24 streets and 18 lanes crossing each other.
The imposing Xinggong Tower and Gongchen Tower (gǒng chén lóu拱辰楼) are the landmarks of the ancient city of Weishan. The houses in the ancient city were built according to the structure of the ancient Chinese style which was popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties. There are many ancient buildings dating back to the Ming and Qing dynasties both inside and outside the ancient city, such as the Confucius’s Temple, Wen Hua School (wén huá shū yuàn文华书院), Yu Huang Pavilion (yù huáng gé玉皇阁), and Dong Yue Palace (dōng yuè gōng东岳宫). “Yu Huang” means the pavilion of the Jade Emperor who is the Supreme Deity of Taoism. “Dong Yue” means the palace of the east mountain.The north gate tower of Weishan is Gongchen Tower (gǒng chén lóu拱辰楼), which was built during the reign of Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang. On the tall walls, there is an ancient building in the style of double-hipped roof with Xie roof (zhòng yán xiē dǐng重檐歇顶), covering an area of five rooms. On the south wall of the gate tower hangs a horizontal tablet inscribed with four Chinese characters “Kui Xiong Liu Zhao” (kuí xióng liù zhào魁雄六诏), while on the north wall hangs a horizontal tablet inscribed with “Wan Li Zhan Tian” (wàn lǐ zhān tiān万里瞻天). The walls and the tablets are all imposing and powerful. The ancient tower is 23.5 meters tall, with the bottom wall of 8.3 meters tall. The structure of the tower is supported by 28 pillars. Climbing along the steps from the two small gates in the east or the gate in the west to the top of the tower and look around, tourists can see four main streets stretching respectively towards the directions of the east, the west, the south and the north. The houses are neatly arranged. From the top of the tower, tourists can have a panoramic view of the whole Weishan County, with magnificent scenery.
The ethnic culture of Weishan is also seductive. You can enjoy the Dage (sining and dancing) of the Yi people and Dongjing Music. Weishan is also a producer of bandhnu (tie-dying) products that sell well both at home and abroad.
Conquering Chengdu and the important food production capacity of the Sichuan Basin was Nanzhao’s crowning achievement, but also contained the seeds of its downfall. The Tang Dynasty that was ruling China at the time could not brook such a loss and focused much of its military might on reclaiming Sichuan and pushing Nanzhao’s borders back. By 902 Nanzhao had fallen apart and was overthrown.
In 937 the Kingdom of Dali was founded by Duan Siping (段思平). This kingdom never reached the heights of power enjoyed by the Nanzhao, but it did last longer, surviving until 1253, when it was overrun by invading Mongol forces and incorporated into Yunnan province, which fell under the authority of the Mongol-ruled Yuan Dynasty. Most of the records of the Nanzhao era were destroyed by Mongol forces and for all intents and purposes Dali and Yunnan were never to be fully independent again.
Over the following centuries, Dali remained an important trading town on the Ancient Tea and Horse Road, an extensive trading network connecting Han China with Tibet, Southeast Asia and India – with Dali and Yunnan at the center of it all. Dali was often the northernmost stop for tea traders coming up from southern Yunnan and an eastern stopping point for Tibetans coming down with herbal medicines, salt and yak products.
Dali was also a major horse market for the ancient trade route. Horses were raced during the annual Third Moon Fair (三月街) that is still held between the old town and the mountains, drawing tens of thousands of visitors from around Yunnan and northern Southeast Asia.
The old town of Dali was originally built in the 15th Century under rule by the Ming Dynasty. What you see in Dali Old Town today is the rebuilt Ming town. Since then, the fortunes of Dali have declined and its importance as a cultural and economic centre in the Yunnan area have been overtaken by Kunming, the provincial capital.
1856-1872 Dali was the headquarters of the Panthay Rebellion led by Du Wenxiu. That rebellion commenced as an uprising against local oppressive rulers by the Hui Muslim minority and ended as open rebellion against the Qing Dynasty. The Palace of Du Wenxiu is on Fuxing Road and serves as the local museum (the museum exhibition on the rebellion paints it as a patriot workers revolt which it was not). The rebellion was brutally crushed by the Qing and hundreds of thousands of Yunnan Muslims were killed in revenge.
History of Yongping County in Dali...
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1.Sancun Shiguang Café(三寸时光咖啡厅) Price: Average Prices: USD 3 to 7 Address:No.164,Yuehua Street,Nanzhao Weishan Old Town. 2. Time on Cloud Café(云上的日子) Price: Average Prices: USD 3 to 8 Address: No.123,Yuehua Street,Nanzhao Weishan Old ...
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