Chinese Name: 文山壮族苗族自治州丘北县平寨乡革雷村
English Name: Gelei Village of Pingzhai Town in Qiubei County, Wenshan
Geographical Location
Gelei Village is situated in a mountainous area, approximately 4 kilometers from the village committee and 30 kilometers from the town center. The village covers a land area of 11.72 square kilometers, with an elevation of 1,242 meters. The annual average temperature is 16°C, and it receives about 1,150 millimeters of rainfall each year. These conditions are ideal for cultivating crops such as rice and corn.
Village Overview
Gelei Village has a total of 366 mu (about 24.4 hectares) of arable land, with an average of 0.4 mu (about 0.027 hectares) per capita. There is also 1,400 mu (about 93.3 hectares) of forested land. The village is divided into two village groups and consists of 174 households. Agriculture and animal husbandry are the primary sources of income for the villagers. The village is characterized by its north-south mountain ranges and the east-west flowing Qing Shui River valley. About 2 kilometers to the east of the village is the Gelei Level 1 Power Station, operated by China Southern Power Grid. A suspension bridge in the village connects a simple mountain road to the Qiubei-Guangnan highway. The geographical setting on the southeastern slope of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, combined with a humid climate and abundant evergreen broadleaf forests, contributes to a pleasant environment. The village is also home to ancient banyan trees that remain green throughout the year.
Cultural Highlights
Gelei Village is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Qing Shui River, with fertile land conducive to the development of agriculture. The river has good water quality, teeming with fish and shrimp, and the presence of ancient banyan trees adds to the village’s picturesque and poetic charm. The village enjoys ample water supply and easy irrigation, but its only drawback is the slightly inconvenient transportation. Despite this, the entire village is well-organized and well-preserved.
The village lies in a river valley with a humid environment, favoring the construction of stilt-style houses, which offer comfortable living conditions. This architectural style is a traditional dwelling form among ethnic minorities in Yunnan Province and has been prevalent since the late Neolithic period. Gelei Zhuang ethnic houses are built near the mountains and water, facing north to south. The village is covered with ancient banyan trees, and all 203 houses are built in the “stilt-style” architecture, featuring a horizontally elongated rectangular layout. The houses vary in size, with some having 3, 4, or 6 compartments. The lower level of these houses is shorter, while the upper level is taller, with the design allowing humans to live on the upper level and livestock to be kept below. The upper level is divided into bedrooms and a central hall by horizontal wooden panels. The central hall serves as a communal space for family activities and hosting guests, featuring a shrine for deities and ancestral tablets. A hearth at one end of the hall is used for cooking, making it a central part of daily life.
Chinese Name: 临沧市沧源县芒卡镇湖广村
English Name: Huguang Village of Mangka Town in Cangyuan County, Lincang
Geographical Location
Huguang Village is located in Mangka Town, on the western side of Cangyuan County, Lincang City. The village is approximately 40 kilometers from the Mangka Town government office and 90 kilometers from the county seat. The road to the town is an unpaved dirt road, but the transportation within the village is relatively convenient. Huguang Village administers seven villager groups: Chagou, Zhupeng, Xiaozhai, Laoliuzhai, Yanjiao, Ganhe, and others.
Village Overview
The village consists of 198 households, with a total population of 950 people, all of whom are engaged in agriculture. Out of these, 623 are part of the active labor force, with 459 individuals involved in primary agricultural activities.
Agriculture and Livestock Development
Huguang Village has been focusing on developing its pig farming industry. By leveraging traditional craftsmanship, the village has extended its production chain to include the processing of high-quality, natural pig ham. These hams are known for their excellent flavor and taste, making them popular among consumers. The processed ham is sold at prices ranging from 50 to 60 yuan per kilogram in both local and inland markets. This venture has been well-received, with total sales exceeding 70,000 yuan so far. The success of this pig farming and ham processing initiative has provided the village with a new pathway to increase revenue and strengthen the collective village economy.
Chinese Name: 临沧市沧源县勐董镇芒摆村委会永点村
English Name: Yongdian Village of Mengdong Town in Cangyuan County, Lincang
Geographical Location
Yongdian Village is situated in Mengdong Town, under the administration of Mangbai Village Committee, in Cangyuan Va Autonomous County, Lincang City, Yunnan Province. This village is part of the second batch of Chinese traditional villages recognized for their cultural and historical significance. Yongdian is a naturally peaceful village located in a semi-mountainous area. It lies on the southeastern border of Mengdong Town, 7 kilometers away from the Mangbai Village Committee and about 16 kilometers by road from the town center. The total area of Yongdian Village is around 3.4 square kilometers, with an elevation of 1,740 meters above sea level.
Climate and Environment
Yongdian Village enjoys a mild climate, with an average annual temperature of approximately 16°C. One of the village’s prominent features is its abundant rainfall, averaging 1,800 millimeters per year, which provides a rich water supply for agricultural production. The fertile soil conditions in Yongdian Village are suitable for cultivating various crops, especially rice and corn. These natural resources support the villagers in leading a self-sufficient lifestyle.
Village Life
The daily life in Yongdian Village reflects a harmonious blend of agricultural work and traditional practices. Villagers engage in farming activities, both in the fields and around their homes, showcasing the unique charm of Yongdian’s rural landscape. The community thrives on its agricultural productivity, with villagers working diligently in the fields and carrying out their daily tasks around the village. This lifestyle emphasizes the simplicity and authenticity of life in Yongdian Village, characterized by the villagers’ hard work and their close connection to the land.
Chinese Name: 临沧市凤庆县新华乡紫薇村平坦苗寨
English Name: Pingtan Miao Ethnic Village of Xinhua Town in Fengqing County, Lincang
The Pingtan Group of Zimei Village exudes a rich ethnic cultural atmosphere. The Miao people here are mainly divided into three groups: “Qing Miao,” “Bai Miao,” and “Hua Miao.” Their ancestors migrated from Guizhou, and due to the isolation provided by the mountains and the Lancang River, many of their customs have been preserved relatively intact to this day.
With azure skies, floating white clouds, and lush green crops that resemble a vibrant robe, the beautiful Miao mountain village is adorned with graceful elegance. Gentle breezes, curling smoke from kitchen chimneys, buzzing bees, fluttering butterflies, and the joyful sounds of people and horses create a lively scene. The Miao people, who love to dress in bright red and green, lead colorful lives as vivid as this picturesque robe. The unique Miao “Three-Course Tea” is as delightful and varied as a beautiful landscape, leaving a lasting impression and making visitors reluctant to leave this enchanting place.
This is Pingtan Natural Village, nestled at the foot of Niujian Mountain, the second highest peak in Xinhua Township. The village is surrounded by rolling mountains and walnut groves that cover the green slopes. The melodious songs of birds and the fragrance of flowers can be found everywhere. The village is dotted with traditional houses, featuring blue-tiled roofs and white walls, scattered among the mountains. The simple and honest local customs are as remarkable as the picturesque scenery.
The Miao people here are skilled in weaving, love to sing and dance, and excel in brewing “Wotuo Luo” wine. Their courtship rituals, such as singing to exchange love tokens, matchmaking with the help of the elderly, and wedding ceremonies accompanied by songs across the Milky Way, are especially distinctive. The village also boasts handmade hemp cloth Miao costumes, vibrant and adorned with colorful patterns and jingling bells. In Pingtan Village, one can experience the most authentic and diverse Miao culture. The “Hegao Dance” appears and disappears before your eyes, the “Lusheng Melody” echoes softly in your ears, and the “Mountain Song Tune” stirs your heart. Visitors can immerse themselves in the unique local customs, savor tea, and appreciate the rich cultural heritage shaped by this land.
Transportation:
Pingtan Natural Village in Zimei Village is 12 kilometers from the township government and 120 kilometers from the county seat.
TIPS:
Pingtan offers a wide variety of delicious foods, with a particularly renowned specialty being “Wotuo Luo” wine. This rich and aromatic wine, brewed from grains, is an essential part of Miao celebrations, especially weddings. It is often brewed two or even ten years in advance and stored in an attic. The wine is traditionally consumed by inserting a bamboo stick into the bottom of the jar, with a piece of cloth tied to the end for filtration. Guests are expected to drink a full bowl when offered.
Chinese Name: 临沧市凤庆县洛党镇箐头村委会石洞寺村
English Name: Shidongsi Village of Luodang Town in Fengqing County, Lincang
Shidongsi Village is named after the Shidong Temple, which is acclaimed as one of the “Ten Scenic Spots of Shunning.” The temple is built against a rock and features various structures, including a main hall, two wings, an arch bridge, a lotus pond, and twin pavilions, all surrounded by fragrant camellias. Additionally, there is an ancient camellia tree with a girth that can be embraced by more than one person, known as the “Pumen tea,” with the prestigious name of “Nine Pistils and Eighteen Petals,” which is as famous as the temple itself. The twin pavilions in front of the temple were constructed during the Daoguang and Xianfeng periods of the Qing Dynasty (approximately 1848–1853) on two massive stones, with the steps carved into the rock, winding upwards. The rock walls are inscribed with many past inscriptions, some bold and passionate, others ethereal and transcendent, revealing glimpses of the personalities of those who came before. The ancient rock walls bear witness to the passage of time, while the ephemeral splendor dissipates in the flow of years. Today, people do not see the moon of ancient times, yet the current moon once illuminated the ancients.
“In the deep mountains lies an ancient temple, where one listens to the sound of mantras among the clouds.”
Exploring the depths and climbing the mountains, one can walk amidst swirling mists and cool air. Ascending step by step, Shidong Temple is situated at the mountain’s summit, with the ancient temple offering tranquility and a strong mountain breeze, while the white clouds float gently by. The ancient temple stands silently, exuding an otherworldly atmosphere, where the turmoil and complexities of the earthly realm instantly vanish.
Travel Tips
Shidongsi Village is located 30 kilometers from Fengqing County, 16 kilometers from the town government seat, and 12 kilometers from Yunxian County. The rural roads are well-maintained and easily accessible.
Shidong Temple, perched on the mountain peak, enjoys a pleasant climate and showcases different beautiful scenery in all four seasons, making it suitable for exploration and sightseeing at any time.
Shidong Temple
Shidong Temple is situated 30 kilometers southeast of Fengqing County, in Qingtou Village, Luodang Yi Ethnic Township. It was built during the Qianlong and Jiaqing periods of the Qing Dynasty—specifically in 1794—and was renovated in 1926. The temple complex includes the main hall, two wings, an arch bridge, a lotus pond, and twin pavilions. The temple compound consists of five buildings with eleven rooms, including the main hall and side rooms, along with an ancient camellia tree that can be embraced by more than one person, known for its “Nine Pistils and Eighteen Petals,” which is equally renowned as the temple. The twin pavilions in front of the temple, built during the Daoguang and Xianfeng periods, stand on two massive stones connected by a stone bridge, with a steep terrain and beautiful scenery. The temple has been rated as a Class 2A scenic spot.
Upon arriving outside Shidong Temple, one encounters various uniquely shaped stones, said to form the “Stone Group of the Celestial Shepherd.” Legend has it that in ancient times, a celestial being wanted to move a large rock from the mountain to the Yingchun River below to create an artificial lake for irrigating the fields of Daxing and Yunzhou. He went to the Heavenly Palace to borrow a celestial whip from the Jade Emperor. The Jade Emperor, believing that the celestial being was doing good for the people, lent him the whip with some incantations but required that it be returned before dawn, or it would lose its power. The celestial being took the whip and, under the cover of night, went to move the stones. With a crack of the whip and a recitation of an incantation, the stones transformed into a flock of sheep, descending the mountain ridge. However, due to the large number of sheep and their mischievousness—fighting among themselves, searching for food, and straying—progress was slow and scattered. The celestial being, sweating profusely, called out to them. Just as he reached Shidong Temple, dawn was approaching, and the roosters began to crow for the first time. Hearing the rooster’s call, the sheep turned back into large stones and stood motionless outside the temple ever since.
As one weaves through these stones, the twin pavilions, Yunyan Twin Pavilions, can be seen perched atop the two giant stones in front of the temple. The Yunyan Twin Pavilions form a natural pair, also known as the Male and Female Pavilions or Husband and Wife Pavilions. The left pavilion is Yunyan Pavilion, and the right is Qingxu Pavilion. The two pavilions are connected by a sky bridge for ease of passage, built with donations from Sun Wei, a tribute student from Yunzhou, in 1850. The grand gate at the base of the twin pavilions has a couplet: “Cloud Mountains are elegant and serene, out of the mundane world; the rocks are clear and ethereal, entering a painted screen.” This couplet incorporates the names of both pavilions. On the wall of the giant rock, there are poems by the poet Su Fen: “Looking at Yunyan, many caves, two flying pavilions, breaking through the night sky; the temple is deeply hidden, winding paths, with a rainbow bridge, soaring high; the pond is clear, the green moss is vibrant, the bamboo is dark green, the pine is lush; the stone gate opens, celestial guests enter, floating, attending to the ancient Buddha.”
Upon entering the temple, another scene unfolds, with several ancient halls exhibiting a charming antique style. The large and ancient camellia tree in the courtyard is a precious variety known as the “Nine Pistils and Eighteen Petals” of Pumen camellia. In the world of camellias, there is a saying: “Yunnan camellias are the best in the world, and Pumen camellias are the best in Yunnan,” with Pumen being the ancient name for Fengqing. Legend has it that over two hundred years ago, a woman with the surname Mei from nearby Taohua Village came here to escape an arranged marriage and practiced Taoism in a stone cave. On the fifteenth day of the second lunar month one year, she suddenly heard the sounds of bells, chanting, and drums coming from behind the stone cave. Since then, every fifteenth day of the second lunar month at midnight, the same sounds can be heard. The woman with the surname Mei concluded that the Supreme Laozi was there—since the fifteenth day of the second lunar month is the birthday of the Taoist ancestor Laozi, Li Er. She then raised funds to build the main hall and became known as Daoist Mei. After the hall was completed, a local military officer learned of her dedication and wanted to marry her, but she declined. The officer then gifted her his precious camellia, which he had nurtured for decades, “Nine Pistils and Eighteen Petals,” and together they planted it in the temple courtyard. Today, this camellia still exhibits the majestic phrase: “Flowers bloom in the temple, filling the courtyard with brilliance; residual blood burns the sky red on one side.”
Chinese Name: 临沧市临翔区圈内乡斗阁村委会斗阁大寨
English Name: Douge Dazhai Village of Quannei Town in Linxiang District, Lincang
In Linxiang District, there lies a village gently embraced by history—Douge Dazhai. Nestled quietly in the arms of Wulong Mountain, it is ancient yet mysterious. This old village, with its unique charm and profound cultural heritage, has become a model for Linxiang District’s efforts to explore new paths for the protection and inheritance of historical and cultural resources.
Douge Dazhai is located in the southern part of Linxiang District, surrounded by mountains and rivers, boasting beautiful scenery. It is home to several ethnic groups, including the Wa, Lahu, and Dai, living harmoniously together. During the Ming Dynasty, the migration of Han people from Jiangnan added rich cultural colors to this land. The blending of these diverse cultures has given rise to Douge Dazhai’s unique architectural style and deep cultural roots, where every brick and tile tells stories of history and ethnic wisdom.
Stepping into Douge Dazhai feels like entering a beautiful painting. The ancient houses are scattered harmoniously, and the winding stone paths reveal traces of time and the charm of history. A gentle breeze brushes against your face, bringing coolness that refreshes the mind. Here, one can feel the strong ethnic customs and unique cultural atmosphere, as if traveling back to a distant era.
Villager Zhao Qungang moved from Linjiang City to Douge Village on December 26, 1968, and has lived in Douge Village ever since. “On the night we arrived at the commune, a few classmates and I walked along the road to the south and saw a large village at the foot of Wulong Mountain. From a distance, it looked very elegant, and that village is Douge Dazhai,” Zhao said. “In my memory, Douge Dazhai is a very beautiful and old village.”
In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization, Douge Dazhai has faced severe challenges such as the outflow of original residents, rural hollowing, and damage to cultural heritage. The dilapidation of old houses, the desolation of cottages, and the loss of memories, especially for important historical buildings like the Douge Yang Clan Ancestral Hall, have caused the ancient village to fall into silence and decay due to ownership issues and lack of maintenance. In response to the plight of Douge Dazhai, the local government has implemented a series of effective measures to protect and inherit this valuable historical and cultural resource. They have invested funds to restore traditional residential buildings and built public infrastructure, improving the fire safety management system, laying a solid foundation for the village’s sustainable development.
Douge Village also emphasizes integrating Douge Dazhai’s cultural resources with the tourism industry. By developing rural tourism and conducting cultural heritage promotion activities, they attract tourists to explore. Here, visitors can not only appreciate the ancient residential architecture and experience rich ethnic customs but also participate in various cultural activities to immerse themselves in the historical culture of Douge Dazhai.
“I grew up in Douge Dazhai; I am a local,” said villager He Wen. “When I was young, there was a well in the village called Malu Well, and my family often took us there to fetch water. Passing by it now brings back my memories.” He added, “In the future, I will actively participate in cultural heritage protection efforts to preserve this precious sense of nostalgia.”
Looking ahead, Linxiang District will continue to uphold the principles of “protection first, rescue as a priority, rational use, and strengthened management” to enhance the protection of traditional villages. At the same time, they will actively explore more scientific and rational models for protection and development, allowing these ancient villages, which carry a millennium of memories, to shine even brighter in the journey of the new era.
He Gencheng, the Party Secretary of Douge Village, stated, “In the future, we will work closely with industry departments to strengthen the protection of ancient villages, increase funding for infrastructure construction, and enhance publicity efforts. We aim to turn Douge Dazhai into a beautiful tourism brand, making more tourists aware of Douge Dazhai and encouraging them to experience traditional culture here.”
Chinese Name: 保山市腾冲市荷花镇民团村坝派村
English Name: Bapai Village of Hehua Town in Tengchong City, Baoshan
“Bapai/坝派” means “a place covered with hemp and pine trees” in the Dai language. Bapai Village is located south of Hehua Town in Tengchong City. The village, situated amidst mountains and rivers, boasts well-preserved residences and temples dating back to the Qing Dynasty. Some of these structures still retain traditional Dai cultural elements, exuding a strong rural architectural charm. The renowned Bapai Village Jiuquan Spring within the area is widely known far and wide.
Bapai Village is located in the southern part of Hetai Town, Tengchong City, within the Min Tuan community. It serves as an important junction on the Tenglong Secondary Highway, situated 27 kilometers from downtown Tengchong. The village covers an area of 1.19 square kilometers and is positioned at 24°56′ N latitude and 98°23′ E longitude, with an average altitude of 1,210 meters.
Climate and Geography:
- Average Temperature: 16.7°C
- Annual Rainfall: 1,450 millimeters
Bapai Giant Spring
Bapai Village is renowned for its unique spring water, home to Yunnan Province’s largest underground low-temperature spring—the Bapai Giant Spring, also known as “Chushui Cave.” This remarkable spring stretches about 500 meters from north to south and 60 meters from east to west, maintaining a constant temperature of around 19°C year-round. It features a total of 56 spring outlets, three of which have a flow rate of 4 to 5 cubic meters per second.
Characteristics of the Giant Spring
The Giant Spring has an impressive discharge rate, with water bursting forth from the cave like a dragon, flowing vigorously downstream at nearly 4 tons per second. The spring’s source is Ma’anshan Mountain near Heshun Town, where two mysterious underground rivers converge. The crystal-clear spring water travels over ten kilometers through volcanic cliffs before reaching Bapai Village, remaining unaffected by geothermal influences. In 2002, it was designated a first-level protected area within the Tengchong Volcanic Geothermal National Geological Park due to its geological significance.
Visiting the Giant Spring
At the entrance of the Giant Spring, marked by a white archway inscribed with “Chushui Cave,” visitors descend stone steps into a breathtaking landscape. The sound of roaring water fills the air, and the rushing water flows into a clear pond, creating a serene and picturesque scene surrounded by lush banana trees. The spring water flows continuously, merging into a river downstream before joining the Daying River, a tributary of the Irrawaddy River.
Water Quality
The quality of the Bapai Giant Spring water is exceptional, remaining stable at 5 to 6 degrees higher than other local springs even in winter. It can be used directly as drinking water. In the 1980s, a sugar factory built nearby connected a water pipeline from Chushui Cave, allowing the spring water to be used without treatment. Local lore suggests that the spring water not only enhances beauty but also improves food flavor.
Cultural Significance
Bapai Village is predominantly inhabited by the Dai ethnic group. The term “Bapai” translates to “a place covered with fragrant herbs” in Dai, reflecting the villagers’ deep connection to water, which nourishes both the land and their livelihoods. The Dai people celebrate the Water Splashing Festival every year in mid-April, gathering near the spring in festive attire to honor water as a vital source of life and fortune.
Culinary Delights of Bapai
Bapai’s rich Dai culture is reflected in its culinary offerings, which include unique dishes made from local ingredients. The village is often referred to as a real-life “Monet’s Garden,” with its picturesque scenery and delicious food attracting numerous tourists.
Must-Try Dishes
- Lemon Fish: A popular dish made from fresh carp, fried until golden and crispy, then drizzled with a secret sauce of chives, lemon, and chili peppers. It’s a refreshing summer dish.
- Crispy Melon Flower: Fresh melon flowers are dipped in egg batter and fried, creating a fragrant treat that captures the essence of the surrounding fields.
- Gui Ji (Ghost Chicken): This dish features hand-shredded chicken mixed with ginger, garlic, small chili peppers, and coriander, offering a sour, spicy, and refreshing flavor that is a summer delicacy in Bapai.
Conclusion
Bapai Village is a charming destination filled with breathtaking scenery and delightful cuisine. The unique natural landscape, coupled with the rich cultural heritage and culinary experiences, makes it a place worth visiting. We eagerly await your arrival for a memorable culinary journey in Bapai!
Overview
- Chinese Name: 玉溪市峨山县塔甸镇大西村
- English Name: Daxi Village of Tadian Town in Eshan County, Yuxi
- Location: Daxi Village located in Tadian Town, is situated 83 kilometers west of Eshan County, with an average altitude of 2,210 meters.
The village covers an area of 55.6 square kilometers and is divided into 16 villager groups. The entire village is inhabited by the Yi ethnic group, specifically the Shansu people. The Daxi Village Committee is an administrative village in Tadian Town, located 38 kilometers from the town government and 89 kilometers from Eshan County. The village houses are uniformly painted in earthy yellow, with golden corn strings hanging on every family’s walls, symbolizing harvest and joy. This unique and warm sight brings continuous surprise to visitors.
The primary economic sources of Daxi Village are agriculture, tobacco cultivation, and sericulture.
Mayinghua玛樱花节 Festival in Daxi Village
As the vibrant Mayinghua (pink cherry blossom) quietly adorns the mountains, Daxi Village in Tadian Town welcomes its annual spring celebration—the “Mayinghua Festival.” The origin of this festival is rooted in a poignant legend: A Yi girl named “Mei Weiru” resisted the tyranny of the local lord and ultimately sacrificed herself. Her blood stained the white Mayinghua blossoms across the mountains. Since then, each year during the blooming of the Mayinghua, descendants celebrate the festival in memory of this beautiful and kind-hearted Yi girl. On this day, people of all ages dance joyfully, sing harvest songs, and engage in “flower-picking tunes,” celebrating all night. Young men also pick bright Mayinghua blossoms to present to their beloved, expressing their affection and loyalty to love.
For the Shansu people, the Mayinghua Festival is a springtime party where villagers of all ages gather in Daxi New Village to dance and celebrate. In the mountains and on the square, men and women form circles, dancing to the rhythm of the flower drums. Daxi Village also hosts flower drum and square dance competitions, creating a platform for cultural exchange among villagers. As lively music plays and enchanting dances unfold, beautiful and simple Yi women express their heartfelt joy through synchronized movements and spirited performances, showcasing the positive spirit of the community in the new era. The enthusiastic performances of the eight participating teams receive rounds of applause from the audience.
Food is an essential part of the celebration. People slaughter cattle and sheep, sharing delicious local dishes paired with fine wine to celebrate the festival.
It is reported that the Mayinghua Festival in Daxi Village is fully organized by the local village enterprise, Eshan Shansu Service Co., Ltd. Through booth rentals and sales of local specialties like Sichuan pepper and honey, the village enterprise achieved a gross income of over 20,000 yuan.
Daxi Sacred Mountain
The Daxi Sacred Mountain Fire Altar is located at the peak of Daxi Mountain, near Huajie in Daxi Village, Tadian Town, with an elevation of over 2,600 meters, more than 100 kilometers from Eshan County. Daxi Mountain, the highest point in the area, reaches an altitude of over 2,400 meters. This mountain is regarded as a sacred site for the Yi people, serving as a location for the collection of the sacred fire. At the summit, there is a sacred mountain park where an annual grand ceremony for gathering the sacred fire takes place, featuring traditional fire-making techniques similar to the Olympic torch ceremony, adding to its sense of ritual. For this reason, Daxi Mountain is also referred to as the Daxi Sacred Mountain.
As you approach the summit, you will see a pink archway, signaling your entry into the sacred mountain park. The sacred mountain park hosts the annual grand ceremony for collecting the sacred fire, featuring traditional fire-making techniques that evoke the Olympic spirit, enhancing its ceremonial significance. This is why Daxi Mountain is known as the Daxi Sacred Mountain.
The Daxi Fire Altar covers a total area of 136 acres and consists of two main parts: the fire altar and a greenbelt. The base of the altar is at an elevation of over 2,600 meters. The altar has three tiers, standing 7.5 meters high, with a giant turtle-back stone on top measuring 2.1 meters, bringing the total height to 10.6 meters.
At the highest point of the park is the Yi ethnic October Solar Calendar Square. The October Solar Calendar is an ancient calendar created by Yi ancestors to observe the trajectory of the sun and changes in climate, consisting of 10 months and 360 days in total, with the Torch Festival lasting two days and the October Year Festival lasting three days, amounting to a full year of 365 days. The square features information about the October Solar Calendar and explanations of corresponding animals and auspicious messages for each month.
The origin of the Torch Festival is linked to the people’s reverence for fire, with the purpose of using fire to drive away pests and protect crops.
The origins of the Yi Torch Festival trace back to the ancestral worship of fire among the Yi people.
The Yi Torch Festival typically lasts for three days and three nights, divided into three stages: fire worship, fire playing, and fire sending.
First Day of the Torch Festival: Fire Worship
On this day, every village slaughters cattle and sheep, sharing the meat collectively while preparing wine and food to honor their ancestors. As night falls, people from nearby villages gather at a site selected by the elders to build an altar for the ceremony. Using traditional methods, they ignite the sacred fire with flint, while a Bimo (a Yi folk priest) recites prayers.
Step One of the Fire Gathering Ceremony: Worshiping the Heavens
Elders place incense and offerings in front of the sacred stone of the fire altar and respectfully bow in worship. They then scatter millet around, wishing for the health and safety of the people and bountiful harvests.
Step Two of the Fire Gathering Ceremony: Chanting Prayers
The Yi Beima chants the scriptures for gathering fire, praying for the fire god to grant them fire.
Step Three of the Fire Gathering Ceremony: Igniting the Fire
Amidst the rhythmic chanting, an elder climbs the sacred stone to begin the traditional fire-making process. After ten to twenty minutes of vigorous rubbing, a glowing flame finally emerges from the wood, producing “modern fire” using ancient techniques.
Returning Down the Mountain
Visiting Eshan and Daxi Sacred Mountain provides insight into the slight differences between the Yi ethnic groups in Eshan and those in Yunnan’s Chuxiong and Honghe regions.
Overview
- Chinese Name: 曲靖市宣威市东山镇芙蓉村委会花树脚自然村
- English Name: Huashujiao Village of Dongshan Town in Xuanwei County, Qujing
- Location: Huashujiao Natural Village, under the administration of Furong Village Committee, Dongshan Town, Xuanwei City, Qujing, is located in Dongshan Town, Xuanwei City, Qujing, Yunnan Province.
Introduction
Huashujiao Village(花树脚村) is a village located at the foot of flowering trees, named after the presence of a cotton tree (scientific name: Magnolia delavayi) within the village. The flowers of this tree (花树脚) are white with a hint of pink, enchantingly colorful, and have multiple layers of petals and stamens. The flowers are large and abundant, blooming from February to March. The Yi people believe that the bark of this tree has medicinal properties and consider it a sacred tree. Efforts are currently underway to develop Huashujiao Village into a distinctive tourist destination showcasing the culture of the Yi ethnic group and the beauty of the cotton tree.
Tthe National Ethnic Affairs Commission issued a notice titled “On Naming the Second Batch of Ethnic Minority Characteristic Villages in China,” in which a total of 717 villages across the country were designated and listed as the second batch of “Ethnic Minority Characteristic Villages in China.” Among them, Huashujiao Natural Village, under the Furong Village Committee of Dongshan Town, Xuanwei City, was included in the list.
To further promote the protection and development of ethnic minority characteristic villages and to expand the influence and reach of the ethnic minority characteristic village brand, the National Ethnic Affairs Commission, following the relevant requirements outlined in the “Notice on the Naming and Listing of Ethnic Minority Characteristic Villages in China,” nominated 717 villages as the second batch of “Ethnic Minority Characteristic Villages in China” after recommendations from local ethnic affairs commissions, expert reviews, and approval by the Commission’s office meeting. Huashujiao Natural Village of Dongshan Town, Xuanwei City, was among those listed.
The village of “Huashujiao” is named after the trees growing at the foot of the village, specifically a type of Magnolia, known scientifically as Magnolia sinica, or Dian-Zang Magnolia. The Yi people believe that the bark of this tree has medicinal properties and also regard the tree as sacred. The number of blossoms it produces each year is believed to predict the grain harvest; the side of the tree that blooms well indicates the side of the village where the crops will grow best. Huashujiao Village is located in the western part of Dongshan Town, Xuanwei City, at an elevation ranging between 2,300 meters and 2,800 meters. Following the overall strategy of “leveraging ethnic culture, seeking prosperity for the people, and building a harmonious village,” efforts are currently underway to develop Furong Yi Minority Village as a characteristic tourist destination.
Overview
Chinese Name: 剑川县弥沙乡弥井村
English Name: Mijing Village of Misha Town in Jianchuan County, Dali
Location: Mijing Village is located in Misha Town of Jianchuan County in Dali.
Introduction
Misha Well is known for its abundant salt mines and was once a major salt town in western Yunnan. It is also one of the origins of the “Salt Horse Ancient Road.” During the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties, embassies, inspection offices, and salt tax offices were established. Misha Salt Well was listed as the “Mother Well,” overseeing surrounding “daughter wells” such as Qiaohou Well and Yunlongla Well. Misha Salt Well includes old wells, dripping wells under rock walls, submerged wells under the west bridge pier, and Shalu wells, Dajing, Xiaojing, and mining wells under the east bridge pier.
Mijin Village
Mijin Village is located in the southeast of Mishaxiang, Jianchuan County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province, more than 80 kilometers away from Jianchuan County Town, on both sides of the Mishaxiang River, bordered by Qiaohou Town, Er Yuanxiang, Shaxi Town, and connected to Dayi, Xizhuang, and Dongzhuang villages.
Mijin Village is picturesque, nestled among mountains and rivers. The western part of the village features deep valleys, waterfalls, ancient trees, and streams. The southern part, where Kuisi Pavilion and Sansheng Palace are located, resonates with mountain peaks. The entire village is scattered along the banks of the Mishaxiang River, with adobe houses, secluded lanes, and ancient stone walls, reflecting a strong ethnic character. The sound of mule bells and the smooth bluestone roads record the long history and culture of Mijin, one of the second batch of traditional villages in China.
Mijin Village has a long history and profound cultural heritage. It was once a major salt production town in northwest Yunnan during the era of the Salt Horse Ancient Road. The prosperity of the salt industry made Mijin a bustling place, with markets held every three days and nights. Currently, the village still retains relics from the Salt Horse Ancient Road era, such as the Salt Goddess Mother, Sansheng Palace, Zhao Ying Temple, and ancient theaters.
Legend of the Ancient Well
Historical records state that “Misha” was the combined name of “near Miquan” and “Shazhuijing” during the Tang Dynasty in Nanzhao. Since the Tang Dynasty, salt wells have been established in Misha, known as near Miquan. Misha Well was one of the four major salt wells in western Yunnan at that time.
According to legend, initially, there were no inhabitants near Misha Well. People lived on the flat ground halfway up the mountain. A woman’s cow often secretly ran down to the salt spring to drink salt water. To understand why the cow liked to run downhill, the woman followed her cow and discovered Misha Well. In commemoration of the cow’s discovery of the salt well, every Spring Festival or the eighth day of the fourth lunar month, villagers in Mijin hold a “Dae Gou” (bull dance) activity, simulating primitive agricultural production and sacrificial activities, hoping for a good harvest.
Misha Well is separated from the famous Salt Horse Ancient Road town, Shaxi, by only one mountain. Due to its narrow geographical location, salt from Misha Well had to be transported by mule to Shaxi for distribution. From Shaxi, travelers passed through Mapingguan, then crossed a vast primitive forest to reach Misha Well. The journey from Shaxi to Misha Well required traversing a steep five-li slope, a section of ancient road manually carved on a steep slope. This section of the ancient road is also called “Three Stone Markers” by the people of Misha Well. Legend has it that in ancient times, the steep slope of the five-li slope was often blocked by stones trampled by mule caravans, making it difficult to pass. Passersby developed a habit of picking up three stones each to pile them on both sides of the ancient road. Over time, two stone walls were formed on both sides of the ancient road.
Salt Goddess Mother
Mijin is famous for salt production, and the legend of the “Salt Goddess Mother,” the founder of the Misha salt industry, has been passed down in the village. Every year on the eighth day of the fourth lunar month, villagers go to Baihua Tan on the western mountaintop of the village to welcome the “Salt Goddess Mother” and hold rich and colorful folk cultural activities, including bull dancing, dragon dancing, lion dancing, fishing, chopping wood, duets of sanxian love songs, and operas. The cultural traditions of fishing, woodcutting, farming, and reading continue to this day.
Zhao Ying Temple
Along the ancient stone steps, perhaps only the remaining Zhao Ying Temple on the opposite hillside can vaguely explain the past of Misha Well. According to the “Inscription of the Newly Built Zhao Ying Temple,” by Wanli Jiwei (1573), the temple decayed and collapsed… until the second year of Tianqi (1622), when it was completed after forty-nine years of construction.
Sansheng Palace
Misha Well is historically known as a place of “people’s happiness and industry.” It also attracted various foreign religious cultures due to the prosperity of the salt industry. Zhao Ying Temple and Sansheng Palace have always been the center of religious activities in the Misha area. Sansheng Palace is still registered as the activity place of the Taoist Association of Jianchuan County. To this day, Taoist music in Mijin is well preserved and unique. Every July of the lunar calendar, Misha holds a mass festival, including the Yulan Festival, grand vegetarian feasts, water and land processions, to commemorate ancestors and mourn the deceased.
Travel Tips
Transportation: Take a bus from Xiaguan Passenger Transport North Station to Jianchuan, 45 yuan per person, from 7:00 to 18:00, with a bus departing every 30 minutes. Get off at Jianchuan and transfer to a minivan to Mijin Village.
Specialties: Walnut, soybean, Yuhu wine, wild mushrooms, and honey.
Mijin Village does not currently have hotels. Visitors with camping equipment can camp. Local restaurants in Misha provide food. Misha Well is only separated from Shaxi Ancient Town by one mountain, so it is recommended to visit Shaxi after visiting Mijin to taste authentic Bai cuisine (Tea Horse Inn is recommended) and explore the only surviving ancient market temple street on the Tea Horse Ancient Road.
How to Get to Mijing Village of Misha Town
Take a bus from Xiaguan Passenger Transport North Station to Jianchuan, 45 yuan per person, from 7:00 to 18:00, with a bus departing every 30 minutes. Get off at Jianchuan and transfer to a minivan to Mijin Village.
1. Dali City to Mijing Village
- By Bus:
- Step 1: Go to Dali North Bus Station (大理北客运站) and take a bus to Jianchuan County (剑川县). The journey takes around 2-3 hours.
- Step 2: Upon arrival in Jianchuan, take a local bus or hire a taxi to Misha Town (弥沙镇), which is about 30-40 minutes away.
- Step 3: From Misha Town, take a local minibus or taxi to Mijing Village (密境村), approximately a 10-15 minute drive.
- By Car:
- Distance: Around 150 kilometers.
- Route: Drive north along the G214 National Highway towards Jianchuan County. After reaching Jianchuan, follow local roads to Misha Town and then to Mijing Village.
- Travel Time: Approximately 3 hours in total.
2. Shaxi Old Town to Mijing Village
- By Bus:
- Step 1: From Shaxi Old Town, take a local bus or minibus to Jianchuan County, which is about 1 hour away.
- Step 2: Once in Jianchuan, transfer to a bus or taxi to Misha Town (弥沙镇).
- Step 3: From Misha Town, take a local minibus or taxi to Mijing Village (密境村).
- By Car:
- Distance: Approximately 40 kilometers.
- Route: Drive northeast from Shaxi along local roads to Misha Town, and then continue to Mijing Village.
- Travel Time: About 1.5 hours in total.
3. Jianchuan County to Mijing Village
- By Local Bus:
- Step 1: In Jianchuan County, take a local bus or minibus to Misha Town (弥沙镇). The journey should take around 30-40 minutes.
- Step 2: From Misha Town, take a minibus or taxi to Mijing Village (密境村), about 10-15 minutes away.
- By Car:
- Distance: Approximately 20 kilometers.
- Route: Drive south from Jianchuan to Misha Town, then continue to Mijing Village.
- Travel Time: Around 40-50 minutes in total.
Summary:
- Dali City to Mijing Village: 3-4 hours (bus/car).
- Shaxi Old Town to Mijing Village: 1.5 hours (bus/car).
- Jianchuan County to Mijing Village: 40-50 minutes (bus/car).
Tips:
- Car Hire: Renting a car or hiring a taxi is a convenient option, especially if you prefer direct travel with flexibility.
- Local Transport: In more rural areas, buses might not run frequently, so it’s helpful to check schedules in advance or arrange transportation through local guesthouses or travel agencies.
Chinese Version:
http://www.jianchuan.gov.cn/content/detail/5a38672488d294e0170010f5.html
http://www.comedali.com/pc/article/id/576
Overview
- Chinese Name: 洱源县海西海
- English Name: Haixihai Lake in Eryuan County, Dali
- Location: Eryuan County, Dali, Yunnan Province
Introduction
Haixi Sea is a natural highland reservoir in Eryuan County. According to historical records: “Haixi Sea was originally known as Miqing Pool, but overnight it transformed into a sea, spanning approximately ten li… Surrounded by lotus blooms, it resembles a scene of a beauty gazing into a mirror.” Encircled by distant mountains with lush peaks, the serene waters reflect the cliffs, ancient temples, caves, and vibrant flowers, creating a breathtaking and picturesque sight known as the renowned “Mountain Reflection in the Sea” spectacle.
Every year on the 25th day of the sixth lunar month, the traditional Haixi Sea Song Festival is held. People gather in droves, and young men and women row boats on Haixi Sea, singing love songs to the accompaniment of the three-stringed instrument, picking water chestnuts, and collecting lotus flowers. This event is famously described as “Conveying love through songs with the three-stringed instrument, joyfully tying the knot at Haixi Sea.”
Beneath Guanyin Mountain to the north of Haixi Sea, there is a cave called Sleeping Dragon Cave. Inside, stalactites of various shapes and sizes abound, with two stones resembling a woman’s full breasts. It is said that during the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Jianwen took refuge here for several years, sustaining himself on the milk that dripped from these stones, hence the name Sleeping Dragon Cave. On the stone arch outside the cave, there is a couplet written by a revered monk: “The dragon rests in this heavenly cave, weary from its journey, while the stone milk fails to quench the master’s thirst, leaving an eternal sorrow.” Standing outside Sleeping Dragon Cave, one can enjoy a panoramic view of Haixi Sea’s natural scenery, including the shimmering water and leaping fish.
Nearby Attractions
- Cibi Lake: Cibi Lake is bordered by mountains to the east and north, connected to fields in the southwest, and stretches lengthwise from north to south. It is a natural freshwater lake formed by a collapsed and eroded highland depression, and is one of the main lakes upstream of Erhai Lake. The lake is abundant with Cibi flowers, which bloom in summer and resemble lotus pods.
- Liyuan Village: Liyuan Village, located on the shores of Cibi Lake, is named for the pear trees that grow throughout the village. The only way to access the village is by boat across Cibi Lake. The houses are nestled among pear trees, making it a typical Bai ethnic ancient fishing village with distinctive settlement characteristics.
- Dali Geothermal National Park: Dali Geothermal National Park is a leisure and vacation tourist attraction known for its hot spring bathing culture. It is located near the shores of Cibi Lake. The park blends Yunnan’s ethnic minority cultural atmosphere with unique romantic charm, making it a popular spot for both locals and tourists to relax and unwind.
Travel Tips
- Boat Rental: Boats are available for rent at Haixi Sea, allowing visitors to row across the lake, observe wild ducks in flight, and watch cattle play in the water.
- Transportation: Take a bus from Xiaguan North Passenger Station, with departures every ten minutes between 6:40 AM and 6:30 PM. The fare is 20 yuan per person, and the journey takes about fifty minutes.
- Local Specialties: Eryuan plums, Eryuan carved plums, Dali green plums, Eryuan garlic, Eryuan milk fan cheese, carved plum wine, and plum wine.
- Local Cuisine: Eryuan raw skin (a type of dish), bean soup rice noodles, fire-roasted pork, and hot spring vegetables.
Overview
- Chinese Name: 东川区舍块乡
- English Name: Shekuai Town of Dongchuan District in Kunming
- Location: Shekuai Township is located in the northwest of Dongchuan District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province.
Introduction
It borders Tangdan Town and Yinmin Town to the east, Hongtudi Town to the south, Xueshan Township in Luquan County to the west (with the Jiduo River and the Pudu River as natural boundaries), and Pumie Township in Huidong County, Sichuan Province to the north, separated by the Jinsha River. The township is approximately 143 kilometers away from the Dongchuan District People’s Government and covers a total area of 167.66 square kilometers. As of the end of 2019, Shekuai Township had a registered population of 2,969 people.
Historically, Shekuai was known as Luoxue Commune in 1959, and it was renamed Shekuai Township in 1988. As of June 2020, Shekuai Township administers eight villages, with the township government located in the Shekuai Group of Shekuai Village.
Administrative Divisions
As of the end of 2011, Shekuai Township consisted of eight administrative villages: Shekuai, Tuanjie, Xinhe, Baihe, Xinshan, Maolu, Jiulong, and Yunping, with a total of 67 village groups. As of June 2020, these eight villages remained under the township’s administration, with the township government based in Shekuai Village.
Geographical Environment
- Location and Area: Shekuai Township lies in the northwest of Dongchuan District, bordered by Tangdan Town and Yinmin Town to the east, Hongtudi Town to the south, Xueshan Township in Luquan County to the west, and Pumie Township in Huidong County, Sichuan to the north, across the Jinsha River. The township spans an area of 167.66 square kilometers.
- Topography: The township is situated in the southwestern part of the Gongwang Mountain Range, which is part of the Wumeng Mountain System. The terrain is higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest. The landscape consists of steep rocky mountains, terraced soil mountains, and valleys. The main mountain range includes Gongwang Mountain, with the highest point at Jiulong Xuehuoling at an altitude of 4,344 meters, and the lowest point at Siluowuzi in Maolu Village, near the Jinsha River, at an altitude of 725 meters. The surrounding mountains include 20 notable peaks, such as Longtu Mountain, Xitai Mountain, Dafengkou Snow Mountain, and others.
History and Culture
- Origin of the Name: The name “Shekuai” is derived from the location of the township government in Shekuai Village. The term “Shekuai” comes from the Yi language and means “a sun-drenched hillside.”
Scenic Spots
Shekuai Township is home to several notable natural and cultural attractions, including:
- Stone General
- Rulai Stone Statue
- Tang Monk Statue
- Zhu Bajie Statue
- Stone Monkey
- Stone Bull
- Stone Guanyin Statue
- Beauty Combing Hair
- Deep Mountain Sleeping Buddha
- Sleeping Pregnant Woman
- Giant Reclining Figure
- Old Jiulong Xuehuoling
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