Dali Tianlongdong Cave of Cangshan Mountain in Dali City, travel guide introduces the main attractions, entrance tickets booking, The best time to visit, How to Get there, the highlights, facts, history, photos, weather, accommodation, visiting routes, travel tips, tour maps of Tianlongdong Cave of Cangshan Mountain in Dali(大理苍山天龙洞).
Chinese Name: 大理苍山天龙洞
English Name: Tianlongdong Cave of Cangshan Mountain in Dali City
Bi Yuming – Representative Inheritor of Lahu Lusheng Dance Project in Shuangjiang County, Lincang
临沧市双江县勐勐镇拉祜族芦笙舞项目代表性传承人 – 毕玉明
http://www.ynich.cn/view-ml-13111-3054.html
Bao Yenei – Representative Inheritor of Wa Hair Dance Project in Cangyuan County, Lincang
临沧市沧源县勐董镇佤族甩发舞项目代表性传承人 -鲍叶内
http://www.ynich.cn/view-ml-13111-3052.html
Nanzhao Culture City in Dali is one of the Best Tourist Attractions and Top Things to Do when travel to Dali, it introduces the main scenic spots, address, entrance tickets booking, The best time to visit, How to Get there, the highlights, facts, history, photos, visiting routes, travel tips, tour maps of Nanzhao Culture City in Dali(大理南诏文化城).
Chinese Name: 大理南诏文化城
English Name: Nanzhao Kingdom Culture City in Dali
Location:
Background and Heritage
Tian Yongguang (田永光), male, of Han (汉族) ethnicity, was born in 1941 in Huize County (会泽县), Qujing City (曲靖市). He is a provincial-level representative inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage project of Dongjing Music (洞经音乐) in Huize (会泽).
Learning and Inheritance
Tian Yongguang (田永光) has a solid background in literary and artistic work and is passionate about folk arts. After retiring in 2000, he founded the Tanglang Dongjing Ancient Music Ensemble (堂琅洞经古乐团) in Huize County (会泽县) and served as its leader. Through his dedicated efforts, the ensemble gradually developed into a well-organized senior cultural group with a stable team, regular practice venue, funding, complete facilities, and consistent performance activities.
Artistic Characteristics
Huize Dongjing Music (会泽洞经音乐), also known as Tanglang Ancient Music (堂琅古乐), was originally introduced from the Central Plains as Taoist music. With the development of Huize’s copper merchant culture and temple society, it evolved into a form of ancient music that integrates Confucian, Buddhist, and Taoist musical elements with a distinctive local flavor. This music is known for its elegance, tranquility, and clarity. It retains the solemn, ancient, and serene artistic conception of Dongjing music, absorbs the refinement of court music, and blends in the melodious silk and bamboo music of Hanqu from Jiangnan, as well as elements of Dian Opera (滇剧) and local folk music.
Inheritance and Preservation
Fully aware of the cultural value and heritage significance of Dongjing Music (洞经音乐), Tian Yongguang (田永光) has actively participated in its preservation. He led his team to collect and organize 19 pieces of Dongjing Music, personally taking part in over 500 performances for social events, meetings, and receptions, reaching over 5,000 audience members both domestic and international. His work has helped preserve and promote this traditional art form, which carries moral and cultural significance.
Tian Yongguang (田永光) holds considerable influence and appeal in the local community. He treats the transmission of Dongjing Music (洞经音乐) as a lifelong mission, continuously striving to create favorable conditions for the continuation and development of this collective performance art.
In 2006, Huize Dongjing Music (会泽洞经音乐) was included in the first batch of provincial-level intangible cultural heritage lists by the People’s Government of Yunnan Province (云南省人民政府).
Unique Playing Techniques of Huize Dongjing Music
Huize Dongjing music, also known as Tanglang Ancient Music, features several unique playing techniques that set it apart from other traditional Chinese music forms. These techniques contribute to its distinct cultural and artistic value.
1. Melodic Singing and Recitation
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Talk Singing (Tánqiāng): This is a highly expressive vocal technique used to sing the rhymed verses in the scriptures. It is characterized by its lyrical and emotional nature. The melodies are often complex and rich, with a wide range of pitches and dynamics.
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Recitation Singing (Sòngqiāng): This technique is more narrative in nature, used for reciting the scriptures in a rhythmic and melodic way. It often involves a combination of singing and speaking, with a focus on clarity and expression.
2. Instrumental Techniques
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Blow and Strike Instruments: The use of blow and strike instruments, such as the bamboo flute and the wooden fish (mùyú), adds a rhythmic foundation to the music. The bamboo flute is played with a unique embouchure technique that produces a clear and resonant sound.
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String and Percussion Instruments: Instruments like the pipa (a four-stringed lute) and the guzheng (a large Chinese zither) are used to create intricate melodies and harmonies. The pipa is played with a combination of plucking and finger techniques, while the guzheng is known for its sliding and vibrato techniques.
3. Ensemble Coordination
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Unified Performance: The ensemble performance of Huize Dongjing music is characterized by its high level of coordination and synchronization. The musicians, often dressed in traditional attire, perform in a unified and respectful manner, reflecting the solemn nature of the music.
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Lead Singer and Harmony: The performance typically begins with a lead singer (lǐngquāng shēng) who sets the tone and melody. The rest of the ensemble follows, creating a harmonious and layered sound.
4. Cultural and Religious Context
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Scripture Singing: The music is deeply rooted in religious and cultural practices, often performed during rituals and ceremonies. The singing of scriptures is an integral part of the performance, with each piece having a specific religious or cultural significance.
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Incorporation of Local Elements: The music incorporates elements from local folk music, such as the use of local instruments and musical motifs. This blend of traditional and local elements gives Huize Dongjing music its unique regional flavor.
These unique playing techniques not only showcase the technical prowess of the musicians but also highlight the cultural and historical significance of Huize Dongjing music. The combination of vocal and instrumental techniques, along with the ensemble coordination, creates a rich and immersive musical experience.
For Chinese version please go to:
http://www.ynich.cn/view-ml-13111-3046.html
Background and Heritage
Zhang Jiaxun (张家训), male, of Han (汉族) ethnicity, was born in 1939 in Xiushan Town (秀山镇), Tonghai County (通海县), Yuxi City (玉溪市). He is a provincial-level representative inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage project of Dongjing Music (洞经音乐).
Learning and Inheritance
Born into a family with a long tradition of Dongjing Music (洞经音乐), Zhang Jiaxun (张家训) began learning the art form in childhood from his grandfather, parents, and uncles, who were founders of the Miaoshanxue Women’s Dongjing Music Ensemble (妙善学女子洞经会). He not only mastered the performance of Dongjing Music but also made significant contributions to its inheritance and development.
Artistic Characteristics
Dongjing Music in Tonghai (通海洞经音乐), also known as Miaoshanxue Women’s Dongjing Music (妙善学女子洞经音乐), is a traditional music form with deep cultural roots. Originally a type of Taoist ritual music, it is named after its main content — the chanting of scriptures from The Great Cavern Immortal Scripture (《大洞仙经》). The Miaoshanxue Women’s Dongjing Ensemble in Tonghai was founded in 1943 and consisted of 18 young women who broke free from feudal norms to learn and perform multiple musical pieces.
Inheritance and Preservation
Zhang Jiaxun (张家训) fully recognizes the cultural value and importance of preserving Dongjing Music (洞经音乐). He has been actively involved in safeguarding this intangible heritage by organizing and participating in cultural events, helping more people understand and appreciate this traditional art. Thanks to the efforts of Zhang and other inheritors, Dongjing Music in Tonghai was included in the National Intangible Cultural Heritage List in 2008.
As a bearer of Dongjing Music, Zhang Jiaxun (张家训) has not only achieved mastery in the art but also made a profound impact in preserving and promoting this cultural heritage.
Zhang Jiaxun’s Unique Perspectives on Dongjing Music
1. Inheritance and Development of Dongjing Music
Zhang Jiaxun (张家训) believes that the inheritance of Dongjing Music (洞经音乐) is crucial. He not only excels in performance but is also committed to cultivating the next generation of inheritors. By organizing and participating in cultural activities, he brings greater public awareness to this art form. He has also introduced innovations to the traditional large ensemble style of Tonghai Dongjing Music, achieving promising results.
2. Cultural Value of Dongjing Music
Zhang sees Dongjing Music as more than just musical art; he views it as a significant carrier of cultural transmission. He emphasizes its role in promoting social harmony, believing that through performance and inheritance, Dongjing Music encourages people to reject wrongdoing and embrace virtue.
3. Artistic Characteristics of Dongjing Music
According to Zhang Jiaxun (张家训), Tonghai Dongjing Music (通海洞经音乐) embodies the qualities of harmony, serenity, elegance, and ease. It is a comprehensive art form integrating chanting, singing, instrumental performance, rituals, and ceremony. It retains the charm of Jiangnan, the style of Sichuan and Shaanxi, and the musical tones of both southern and northern traditions, while also incorporating local ethnic and folk musical elements from Tonghai.
4. Innovation and Integration in Dongjing Music
While upholding tradition, Zhang also values innovation. He has compiled local cultural anthologies such as Dongjing Music of Tonghai (《通海洞经音乐》) and Traditional Culture of Tonghai (《通海传统文化》), contributing to the dissemination and development of the art. He has also explored integrating Dongjing Music with modern musical elements to better suit contemporary aesthetic preferences.
5. Social Function of Dongjing Music
Zhang believes that Dongjing Music plays a role in fostering social harmony. It serves not only as a spiritual and emotional cultivation ritual but also as a moral guidance tool that encourages people to improve their character and conduct good deeds. Historically, this music form has been regarded as a vital means of social education.
Through these insights, Zhang Jiaxun (张家训) has made outstanding contributions not only in his technical skills but also in the preservation and promotion of Dongjing Music (洞经音乐) as an intangible cultural heritage.
For Chinese version please go to:
http://www.ynich.cn/view-ml-13111-3047.html
Yu Nankan (玉喃坎) is the representative inheritor of Blang ethnic ballads (布朗族弹唱) in Daluo Town (打洛镇), Menghai County (勐海县), Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture (西双版纳傣族自治州).
Artistic Characteristics
| Category | Features | Cultural Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Performance Style | – Unique throat singing technique – Accompanied by traditional plucked instruments |
Preserves ancient Blang vocal traditions |
| Repertoire | – 40+ traditional folk songs – Modern compositions |
Carries Blang historical narratives and contemporary expressions |
| Performance Context | – Harvest festivals – Rite of passage ceremonies – Community gatherings |
Maintains important social and spiritual connections in Blang communities |
Preservation Efforts
Sustaining an Oral Tradition
Apprenticeship Program
- Training 12 formal disciples
- Community singing workshops
Educational Activities
- “Blang Ballads in Schools” program
- Cultural exchange performances
Documentation Projects
- Field recordings of endangered songs
- Lyric transcription and translation
Contemporary Development
Innovating While Preserving
Recent creative developments include:
- Cross-cultural collaborations with other ethnic artists
- Thematic adaptations reflecting modern Blang life
- Digital archiving and online sharing
As a key bearer of this intangible cultural heritage, Yu Nankan plays a vital role in keeping the Blang musical tradition alive while adapting it for new generations.
For Chinese version please go to:
http://www.ynich.cn/view-ml-13111-3045.html
Wang Xuecheng – Representative Inheritor of Yi Folk Song (Toasting Song) Project in Yiliang County, Zhaotong
昭通市彝良县奎香乡彝族民歌（酒歌）项目代表性传承人 – 王学成
http://www.ynich.cn/view-ml-13111-3043.html
Yu Xueguang – Representative Inheritor of Yi Folk Song (Toasting Song) Project in Wuding County, Chuxiong
楚雄州武定县发窝乡彝族民歌（酒歌）项目代表性传承人 – 余学光
http://www.ynich.cn/view-ml-13111-3042.html
Sun Zhengyao – Representative Inheritor of Yi Folk Song Project in Shiping County, Honghe
Sun Zhenyao is a provincial-level representative inheritor of the Yi (Huayao) folk song intangible cultural heritage (ICH) project in Shaochong Town, Shiping County, Honghe Prefecture. Below is a summary of his background and related information:
1. Identity as an Inheritor and Subsidies
- Level and Certification: Sun Zhenyao is a provincial-level representative inheritor of the Yi (Huayao) traditional cultural ecological protection zone in Shaochong Town, which was officially recognized as a provincial-level cultural ecological protection zone in 2018.
- Subsidy Standards: According to the Honghe Prefecture Culture and Tourism Bureau, provincial-level inheritors receive an annual subsidy of 8,000 CNY to support their inheritance activities.
2. Involvement in ICH Projects and Activities
- Project Preservation: The Yi (Huayao) folk songs in Shaochong Town are a provincial-level ICH project. Sun Zhenyao actively participates in their living inheritance through performances, training programs, and “ICH into schools” initiatives. Examples include cultural performances during the Shiping Ancient Town Spring Festival tour and the International Tourism Trade Fair.
- Performances and Promotion: In 2023, Yi folk songs were showcased at major events such as the 7th South Asia Expo and the Creative Yunnan Cultural Industry Expo, where Sun likely contributed to cross-cultural exchanges.
3. Overall Context of ICH Preservation in Shaochong Town
- Inheritance System: The town has established a four-tier ICH inheritor system (national, provincial, prefectural, and county levels), with 7 provincial-level ICH projects, including folk songs, embroidery, and paper-cutting. Sun’s work is central to the folk song preservation efforts.
- Policy Support: Local authorities support ICH through measures such as special funding applications (e.g., a 2024 proposal for a 500,000 CNY workshop renovation project), cultural-tourism integration plans (e.g., “agriculture-culture-tourism” development), and academic research (e.g., philosophy and social science studies).
4. Related Activities and Impact
- Cultural Branding: Shaochong Town leverages Yi (Huayao) culture to build brands like the “Xiumei Yishan” cooperative, promoting commercialization of folk song-inspired products (e.g., embroidered cosmetics). Sun’s work aligns with such innovative initiatives.
- Tourism Integration: Folk song performances are integrated into tourism experiences, such as ICH-themed tour performances in the Tuolonghei Ecological Wellness Zone, amplifying their cultural reach.
Summary
As a provincial ICH inheritor, Sun Zhenyao plays a vital role in preserving, performing, and innovating Yi (Huayao) folk songs. His efforts are bolstered by systematic support from Honghe Prefecture and Shaochong Town, including funding, policies, and cultural-tourism integration. For detailed activity records or personal profiles, consult official announcements from the Honghe Culture and Tourism Bureau or contact the local ICH preservation center.
http://www.ynich.cn/view-ml-13111-3040.html
Li Baomei – Representative Inheritor of Jianchuan Bai Opera Project in Jianchuan County, Dali
大理剑川县沙溪镇剑川白曲项目项目代表性传承人- 李宝妹
http://www.ynich.cn/view-ml-13111-3039.html
Li Baoliang – Representative Inheritor of Yi “Shayou Qiang” Project in Jianshui County, Honghe
Li Baoliang is a representative inheritor of the Yízú Shā yóu qiāng (彝族沙莜腔) project in Nánzhuāng Town, Jiànshuǐ County, Honghe Prefecture. Below is a detailed introduction about him:
Heritage Activities
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Inheritance and Preservation: Li Baoliang actively engages in the inheritance and preservation of Yízú Shā yóu qiāng. Through oral transmission, he has passed on this traditional musical form to younger generations, training numerous inheritors and making significant contributions to the continuation of this intangible cultural heritage.
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Performance and Promotion: He frequently performs Yízú Shā yóu qiāng at local festivals, folk activities, and cultural exchange events. His performances are not limited to Nánzhuāng Town; he has also been invited to perform in other regions of Honghe Prefecture and Yunnan Province, expanding the influence Y ofízú Shā yóu qiāng.
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Cultural Exchange: Li Baoliang actively participates in cultural exchange activities, collaborating with cultural workers and artists from different regions and ethnic groups. This promotes mutual learning and inspiration between Yízú Shā yóu qiāng and other cultures, infusing new vitality into this traditional art form.
Artistic Achievements
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Vocal Skills: Li Baoliang demonstrates skilled vocal techniques and a beautiful tone, accurately capturing the musical characteristics and emotional expression of Yízú Shā yóu qiāng. His unique singing style, with strong ethnic characteristics and personal charm, is highly appreciated by audiences.
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Repertoire: He has mastered a wide range of Yízú Shā yóu qiāng repertoire, covering various themes and styles. This includes traditional classics as well as his own creative or adapted works, showcasing the diversity and richness of Yízú Shā yóu qiāng.
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Awards: Li Baoliang has received numerous honors and awards for his outstanding contributions to Yízú Shā yóu qiāng. He has achieved excellent results in provincial, prefectural, and county-level performances and competitions, earning widespread recognition and praise for Yízú Shā yóu qiāng.
Heritage Methods
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Family Inheritance: Li Baoliang was born into a family with a rich Yízú cultural heritage. Influenced by his elders from a young age, he developed a strong interest in Yízú Shā yóu qiāng. He inherited the singing skills from his family and refined them through years of practice, becoming an important representative of Yízú Shā yóu qiāng in his family.
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Apprenticeship Inheritance: In addition to family inheritance, Li Baoliang has trained many excellent apprentices through the apprenticeship method. He carefully selects young learners with potential and passion, providing one-on-one guidance and training, and passing on his vocal techniques, repertoire knowledge, and understanding of Yízú Shā yóu qiāng.
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Community Inheritance: Li Baoliang also focuses on heritage activities at the community level. He frequently organizes and participates in local folk activities and cultural lectures to promote Yízú Shā yóu qiāng among community residents. He collaborates with local schools to introduce Yízú Shā yóu qiāng into classrooms through interest classes and lectures, cultivating children’s interest and love for this traditional art form.
http://www.ynich.cn/view-ml-13111-3038.html
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