Overview

• Chinese Name: 砚山县彝族阿细人火把节
• English Name: Torch Festival of Axi Ethnic People in Yanshan County, Wenshan
• Location: Heiyudong Village of Weimo Yi Ethnic Town in Yanshan County, Wenshan/砚山县维摩彝族乡幕菲勒村委会黑鱼洞村

The Torch Festival is one of the most vibrant and culturally significant celebrations among the Axi ethnic people, a branch of the Yi ethnic group, in Yanshan County, Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. This festival typically takes place on the 24th day of the sixth lunar month, which usually falls in late July or early August in the Gregorian calendar. The Torch Festival is characterized by its rich traditions, communal gatherings, and a variety of cultural activities.

Origin

The Torch Festival has ancient roots and is associated with agricultural practices and the celebration of the harvest. Traditionally, it is believed to have originated from a ritual to ward off diseases, evil spirits, and misfortune while ensuring bountiful harvests. It is also a time to honor ancestors and gods, signifying the importance of spiritual connection and community unity among the Axi people.

Significance

The Torch Festival is not just a festive occasion; it holds deep cultural and social significance for the Axi people. It serves as a vital expression of their identity, heritage, and connection to the land. The festival provides an opportunity for community members to come together, celebrate unity, honor their ancestors, and foster a spirit of gratitude and togetherness.

For visitors, experiencing the Torch Festival offers invaluable insights into the rich traditions of the Axi ethnic people. It showcases their customs, artistry, and the importance they place on nature, community, and spiritual connection. The celebrations promote understanding and appreciation of the diverse cultural fabric of China, making it a unique and memorable experience.

Local Activities and Customs

1. Torch Lighting and Procession:

   • The festival begins with the lighting of torches, which symbolize the dispelling of darkness and evil. Community members gather to light their torches, often made from bundles of wooden sticks or straw, and carry them in a procession, creating a spectacular display of light and color.
   • The torch procession often involves singing and dancing, with participants dressed in traditional costumes, showcasing the community’s cultural heritage.

2. Ritual Offerings:

   • Rituals are performed to honor ancestors and local deities. Offerings, which may include rice, livestock, and traditional foods, are made at altars or specific sites to seek blessings for health, prosperity, and a good harvest.
   • Prayers and songs accompany these rituals, reinforcing the spiritual significance of the festival.

3. Cultural Performances:

   • The festival features various cultural performances, including traditional songs, dances, and theatrical acts. Dances often showcase local legends and traditions, with participants wearing beautiful traditional attire that reflects the rich colors and patterns of Axi culture.
   • Competitions in singing and dancing can also take place, encouraging artistic expression and community participation.

4. Traditional Sports and Games:

   • Local games and competitions add excitement to the festivities. Activities such as wrestling, archery, and tug-of-war are popular during the festival and encourage community engagement and friendly rivalry.
   • These sporting events often draw large crowds, fostering a sense of togetherness among participants and spectators alike.

5. Feasting:

   • Food is an essential element of the Torch Festival. Families prepare a variety of traditional dishes, including meat-based dishes, rice, and local specialties. Sharing food during the festival reinforces social bonds and community spirit.
   • Communal feasting promotes a sense of unity, allowing families and friends to gather and enjoy meals together.

6. Cow Parades:

   • In some areas, special parades featuring beautifully adorned cows or livestock may take place. Livestock is often dressed in bright decorations, and farmers may parade them through the village as a symbol of prosperity and abundance.

Overview

• Chinese Name: 砚山县壮族三月三
• English Name: Sanyuesan Festival of Zhuang Ethnic Minority in Yanshan County, Wenshan
• Location:Qidu Square of Yanshan County, Wenshan/砚山县七都广场

The Sanyuesan Festival, celebrated by the Zhuang ethnic minority, is one of the most significant traditional festivals in Yanshan County, located in Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. This vibrant festival usually takes place on the 3rd day of the 3rd month of the lunar calendar, which typically falls in April or May in the Gregorian calendar.

Origin

The Sanyuesan Festival has its roots in ancient agricultural practices and rituals. It originally served as a time for the Zhuang people to celebrate the harvest, pay homage to ancestors, and honor local deities. The festival is also associated with the “Third Month” celebrations, which are prevalent among various ethnic groups in China and often emphasize themes of fertility, renewal, and community unity.

Local Activities and Customs

1. Rituals and Worship:

   • Offering Ceremonies: The festival begins with rituals that involve offerings to ancestors and local deities. Families prepare food, fruits, and rice wine to honor their ancestors and seek blessings for good fortune, health, and a bountiful harvest.
   • Traditional Prayers: Community members gather at temples or designated areas to offer prayers, chant, and perform traditional rites, expressing gratitude for past blessings and seeking protection for the future.

2. Cultural Performances:

   • The Sanyuesan Festival is known for its lively cultural showcases, including traditional Zhuang music and dance performances. Participants wear colorful traditional costumes, featuring intricate patterns and designs, and engage in folk dances that reflect their heritage.
   • Songs and Festivals: The singing of folk songs is a prominent aspect of the festivities, often highlighting love stories or local legends. A popular activity is the “Guitar Folk Song Contest,” where singers compete to demonstrate their vocal talents and lyricism.

3. Traditional Sports and Games:

   • Various competitions and sports are organized during the festival, including wrestling, tug-of-war, and archery. These activities not only provide entertainment but also promote physical fitness and teamwork among community members.
   • Boat Racing: In some areas, boat races may also be part of the celebration, underscoring the Zhuang people’s connection to waterways and their agricultural lifestyle.

4. Feasting:

   • Food plays a crucial role in the Sanyuesan Festival. Families prepare special dishes, including glutinous rice cakes, pickled vegetables, and various meats. Sharing meals with family and friends fosters a sense of community and strengthens social bonds.
   • Traditional foods such as “Dazhong” (fermented rice) and “Zhuang Huo” (spicy chicken) are often enjoyed during the festival, and communal feasting is a common practice.

5. Social Interaction:

   • The festival serves as a significant social occasion where villagers and relatives gather, share experiences, and strengthen ties. It provides opportunities for young people to meet and form relationships, often leading to courtship and marriage.

6. Craft Exhibits and Fairs:

   • Local artisans may showcase traditional handicrafts and artworks, including weaving, pottery, and embroidery. This not only promotes local culture but also allows artisans to sell their products, supporting local economies.

Significance

The Sanyuesan Festival holds great cultural and emotional significance for the Zhuang people. It is a time for reaffirming their identity, preserving traditions, and reinforcing communal ties. By celebrating their heritage, the Zhuang community ensures that their customs and values are passed down to future generations.

Visiting Yanshan County during the Sanyuesan Festival provides an opportunity to experience the rich cultural heritage of the Zhuang ethnic minority and to participate in a variety of meaningful activities that celebrate community, identity, and connection to nature.

Overview

• Chinese Name:  砚山县盘王节
• English Name:  Panwang Festival of Yao Ethnic Minority in Yanshan County, Wenshan
• Location: Heisuo Shuitou Village of Ameng Town in Yanshan County, Wenshan/砚山县阿猛镇倮基黑村委会黑所水头村

The Yao Ethnic Minority Panwang Festival is a traditional festival celebrated in the Yao people’s residential areas in provinces (regions) such as Guangxi, Hunan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guizhou, and Jiangxi. It is recognized as one of the national-level intangible cultural heritage items.The Yao Ethnic Minority Panwang Festival originated from the Panwang Festival singing gathering held on the sixteenth day of the tenth lunar month. On this day, the Yao people gather together to sing and dance in memory of the Panwang, and it gradually developed into the Panwang Festival. The modern Panwang Festival has evolved into a celebration of harvesting, where young men and women take the opportunity to express their feelings through song and seek out partners. Panwang Festival of Yao Ethnic Minority in Yanshan County is held in Hesuo Shuitou Village of Ameng Town.

Activities

1. Opening Ceremonies

The festival usually begins with a ceremonial opening, which may include rituals to honor ancestors and the spirits of nature. This is a vital part of the festival, as it sets a reverent tone for the celebrations.

2. Songs and Dances

One of the most significant aspects of the Panwang Festival is the singing and dancing. The Yao people gather to perform traditional songs and dances that narrate historical tales, express emotions, and celebrate their culture. These performances often feature colorful costumes and rhythmic movements, engaging the entire community.

3. Culinary Festivities

Food plays an essential role during the Panwang Festival. Special dishes are prepared, often made from local ingredients, including rice and vegetables. The communal feasting allows families and friends to come together, share meals, and celebrate the harvest.

4. Competitions and Games

The festival often includes various competitions and games that foster camaraderie and showcase traditional skills. These activities may involve wrestling, archery, and other traditional games that promote physical prowess and cultural pride.

5. Cultural Exhibits

Cultural exhibitions may be organized during the festival, displaying traditional crafts, garments, and agricultural practices unique to the Yao community. This provides an opportunity for attendees to learn more about the Yao heritage.

6. Folklore Storytelling

Elders and storytellers in the community may share folklore and legends associated with the Yao culture and the origins of the Panwang Festival. This storytelling helps to educate younger generations and preserve cultural traditions.

7. Pairing Activities for Young People

An informal but popular aspect of the festival is the opportunity for young men and women to meet and socialize. The festival allows them to express their feelings through songs and dance, creating a festive atmosphere conducive to forming romantic connections.

8. Closing Ceremonies

The festival often concludes with a closing ceremony that reflects on the celebrations and expresses gratitude for the harvest and the blessings received. This may include final communal dances and songs, marking the end of a joyful and meaningful gathering.

Geographical Location

Heisuoshuitou Village (黑所水头村) belongs to the Luojihei Village Committee (倮基黑村委会) in Ameng Town (阿猛镇), Yanshan County (砚山县), Wenshan Prefecture (文山州), Yunnan Province (云南省), China. It is located in a mountainous area to the north of Ameng Town (阿猛镇), about 7 kilometers from the village committee and 8 kilometers from the town center.
Ameng Town (阿猛镇) lies in the northeastern part of Yanshan County (砚山县), bordering Wuzhu Township (伍珠乡), Zhulin Town (珠琳镇), and Nasa Town (那洒镇) of Guangnan County (广南县) to the east, and adjoining Bange Township (蚌峨乡), Zhela Township (者腊乡), Ganhe Township (干河乡), and Weimo Township (维摩乡) to the southwest. To the north, it neighbors Tianxing Township (天星乡) of Qiubei County (丘北县).

History and Culture

Ameng Town (阿猛镇) boasts a long history. During the Qing Dynasty’s Qianlong period, it was under the jurisdiction of Baoning County (宝宁县) of Guangnan (广南). During the Republic of China period, it was called Haiyan Town (海晏镇). After several administrative changes, it was officially established as a town in 1988.
The names “Luojihei” (倮基黑) and “Heisuoshuitou” (黑所水头) are derived from the Yi language, where “Luojü” (倮居) means “Yi people” and “Hei” (黑) means “dwelling,” indicating this is a place where the Yi ethnic group lives.

Folk Customs

Heisuoshuitou Village (黑所水头村) and the surrounding areas are home to the Yi people and other ethnic minorities. The Yi culture is colorful and vibrant, featuring unique traditional clothing, music, dance, and festivals.
Important traditional festivals include the Torch Festival (火把节) and Yi New Year (彝族年), during which bonfire parties, dance performances, and various celebrations are held.

Weather and Best Time to Visit

Heisuoshuitou Village (黑所水头村) enjoys a subtropical monsoon climate, with an average annual temperature of 18°C and an annual rainfall of 1,070 millimeters. The climate is mild and humid.
The best time to visit is from May to October when the weather is cool and ideal for outdoor activities.

Recommended Attractions, Suggested Duration, and Ticket Information

• Heisuo Reservoir (黑所水库):
  Located near Heisuoshuitou Village (黑所水头村), this small reservoir is surrounded by beautiful natural scenery, perfect for leisure walks and photography.
  Suggested visit duration: Half a day.
  Ticket: Free.
• Villages around Ameng Town (阿猛镇):
  Explore nearby villages to experience the customs and culture of the Yi people and other minorities.
  Suggested visit duration: One day.

Transportation

• Public Transport:
  Take a bus from Yanshan County (砚山县) to Ameng Town (阿猛镇), about a one-hour ride. Then transfer to local transport or walk to Heisuoshuitou Village (黑所水头村).
• Self-driving:
  Drive from Yanshan County (砚山县) along local roads to Ameng Town (阿猛镇), then continue to Heisuoshuitou Village (黑所水头村), covering a total distance of about 35 kilometers.

Food

• Yi Specialty Foods:
  Try traditional Yi dishes such as Tuotuo Pork (坨坨肉) and Buckwheat Pancakes (荞粑粑).
• Local Snacks:
  Enjoy fresh local produce like chili peppers and flue-cured tobacco.

Shopping

• Yi Handicrafts:
  Purchase traditional Yi clothing, embroidery, silver jewelry, and other ethnic crafts.
• Local Specialties:
  Local products such as chili peppers and flue-cured tobacco make great souvenirs.

Accommodation

• Homestays:
  Stay in local Yi villages to experience the traditional lifestyle and ethnic customs.
• Hotels:
  Hotels are available in Ameng Town (阿猛镇) and Yanshan County (砚山县).

Travel Tips

• Respect Local Customs:
  When visiting Yi villages and participating in folk activities, please respect local customs and traditions.
• Protect the Environment:
  When visiting natural attractions, please help protect the environment and refrain from littering.

Suggested Itinerary

• Day 1:
  Arrive in Yanshan County (砚山县), head to Ameng Town (阿猛镇), visit Heisuo Reservoir (黑所水库), and enjoy the natural scenery.
• Day 2:
  Visit Heisuoshuitou Village (黑所水头村) and nearby villages to experience Yi folk culture.

Heisuoshuitou Village (黑所水头村) is a place full of ethnic charm and natural beauty. Here, you can experience the hospitality of the Yi people and admire the unique natural landscapes.
We hope your journey is filled with joy and unforgettable memories.

Geographic Location

Yanshan County (砚山县) is located in the southeastern part of Yunnan Province (云南省) and is under the jurisdiction of Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (文山壮族苗族自治州). It borders Guangnan County (广南县) to the east, Maguan County (马关县) to the south, Xichou County (西畴县) to the west, and Qiubei County (丘北县) to the north. The main activities of the Changxin Festival (尝新节) are usually held at locations such as Zhuge Manor (诸葛山庄园) in Yanshan County (砚山县).

Cultural and Historical Background

The Changxin Festival (尝新节) is a traditional festival celebrated by ethnic minorities such as the Zhuang (壮族), Yi (彝族), Miao (苗族), and Yao (瑶族) in Yanshan County (砚山县). It symbolizes a bountiful harvest and represents good fortune and happiness. According to legend, the Zhuang people brought rice seeds back from the divine realm under the guidance of the deity Buluotuo (布洛陀), and after enduring many hardships, finally achieved a successful harvest. Thus, the Changxin Festival (尝新节) is not only a celebration of the harvest but also a time to express gratitude to nature and ancestors.

Customs and Traditions

During the Changxin Festival (尝新节), the Zhuang people perform a series of traditional rituals:

• Welcoming the Grain God: As the rice ripens, people harvest new rice ears, enrich the fields with stove ash and rice husks, and pray for a prosperous harvest the following year.
• Offerings: Fresh rice ears are placed on altars along with offerings such as pig heads and roosters to thank the Grain God for protection.
• Tasting New Rice Ceremony: Before people taste the new rice, they first feed it to dogs and cattle to thank them for their hard work.
• Song and Dance Performances: Folk song contests, bonfire parties, and other cultural performances are held to showcase ethnic traditions.

Weather and Best Time to Visit

Yanshan County (砚山县) enjoys a low-latitude, northern subtropical plateau monsoon climate with an average annual temperature of 16.1°C. The weather is mild year-round, with distinct dry and wet seasons. The Changxin Festival (尝新节) typically takes place between the eighth and ninth lunar months, when the climate is cool and ideal for outdoor activities.

Recommended Attractions, Visiting Time, and Admission Fees

• Zhuge Manor (诸葛山庄园): The main venue for the Changxin Festival (尝新节), where visitors can experience rich ethnic activities.
  Recommended visiting time: 1 day.
  Admission: Free.
• Yanshan National Unity Cultural Tourism Demonstration Park (砚山民族团结文化旅游示范园区): The site of the first Changxin Festival (尝新节) and a hub for diverse cultural displays.
  Recommended visiting time: Half a day.
  Admission: Free.

Transportation

• Public Transportation: Take a long-distance bus from Kunming (昆明) to Yanshan County (砚山县), then transfer to a local bus or taxi to Zhuge Manor (诸葛山庄园).
• Self-Driving: Drive from Kunming (昆明) along the Kunqu Expressway (昆曲高速) to Yanshan County (砚山县), then navigate to Zhuge Manor (诸葛山庄园).

Local Cuisine

• New Rice Dishes: The star of the festival, often cooked with ingredients like edamame, taro, and chestnuts.
• Zhuang Specialty Foods: Traditional foods such as buckwheat cakes (荞粑粑), red rice (红米饭), and flower rice (花米饭).

Shopping

• Ethnic Handicrafts: Traditional Zhuang brocade (壮锦), embroidery, and other local crafts.
• Local Specialties: Products like chili peppers and flue-cured tobacco.

Accommodation

• Zhuge Manor (诸葛山庄园): Offers accommodation in a beautiful setting.
• County Hotels: Various hotels available in the county seat of Yanshan County (砚山县).

Travel Tips

• Respect Local Customs: Be mindful of the customs and traditions of the ethnic minorities when visiting and participating in activities.
• Pay Attention to Safety: Exercise caution during activities such as fish-catching and bonfire parties.

Itinerary from Smaller to Larger Destinations

• Day 1: Arrive at Yanshan County (砚山县), check into a hotel, and attend the opening ceremony of the Changxin Festival (尝新节) at Zhuge Manor (诸葛山庄园).
• Day 2: Continue experiencing folk activities at Zhuge Manor (诸葛山庄园), such as fish-catching and bonfire parties.
• Day 3: Visit Yanshan National Unity Cultural Tourism Demonstration Park (砚山民族团结文化旅游示范园区) to immerse yourself in local ethnic culture.

The Changxin Festival (尝新节) in Yanshan County (砚山县) is a vibrant festival rich in ethnic traditions and cultural significance. Here, you can experience the traditional cultures of the Zhuang (壮族), Yi (彝族), and other minorities while celebrating the joy of the harvest. May your journey be filled with happiness and unforgettable memories.

Geographical Location

Baishiyan Yi Ethnic Village (白石岩彝族村) is located in Panlong Yi Ethnic Township (盘龙彝族乡), Yanshan County (砚山县), Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (文山壮族苗族自治州), Yunnan Province (云南省). It lies in the south-central part of Yanshan County (砚山县), bordering Baga Township (八嘎乡) to the southeast, Dongshan Township (东山乡) of Wenshan City (文山市) to the southwest, Jiangna Town (江那镇) to the northwest, and Zhela Township (者腊乡) to the northeast. Baishiyan Village (白石岩村) is an important settlement of the Yi ethnic group with distinctive natural landscapes and rich ethnic culture.

History and Culture

Yanshan County (砚山县) is a multi-ethnic region where the Yi people are one of the major ethnic groups. Baishiyan Yi Ethnic Village (白石岩彝族村) has historically been a settlement for the Yi people, preserving many traditional Yi cultural customs. In recent years, supported by national and local government projects like the “Ethnic Unity Demonstration Creation Project” (民族团结示范创建项目), the village has implemented various livelihood improvements, such as housing renovation, road construction, and drinking water projects, greatly enhancing living conditions.

Folk Customs

Baishiyan Yi Ethnic Village (白石岩彝族村) retains many unique Yi folk activities, such as the Torch Festival (火把节) and Yi New Year (彝族年). During these festivals, villagers dress in traditional costumes and hold rituals, singing, and dancing performances to showcase their culture. Traditional Yi crafts like embroidery and weaving are also preserved and continue to flourish here.

Weather and Best Time to Visit

Yanshan County (砚山县) has a subtropical monsoon climate with distinct seasons and mild, humid weather. The best time to visit is from May to October when the weather is cool and suitable for outdoor activities.

Recommended Attractions, Visiting Time, and Tickets

• Baishiyan Yi Ethnic Village (白石岩彝族村): Experience Yi ethnic customs and traditional crafts.
  Suggested visiting time: Half a day
  Ticket: Free
• Surrounding Villages in Panlong Yi Ethnic Township (盘龙彝族乡): Explore the culture and lifestyle of the Yi and other minority groups.
  Suggested visiting time: 1 day

Transportation

• Public Transportation: Take a bus from Yanshan County (砚山县) to Panlong Yi Ethnic Township (盘龙彝族乡), which takes about 1 hour, then transfer to local transport or walk to Baishiyan Village (白石岩村).
• Self-Driving: Drive from Yanshan County (砚山县) via local roads to Panlong Yi Ethnic Township (盘龙彝族乡) and then to Baishiyan Village (白石岩村), about 30 kilometers in total.

Food

• Yi Ethnic Specialty Cuisine: Traditional dishes such as Tuotuo Pork (坨坨肉), Buckwheat Cakes (荞粑粑), and Roasted Suckling Pig (烤乳猪).
• Local Snacks: Fresh chili peppers, notoginseng (三七), and other agricultural products.

Shopping

• Yi Ethnic Handicrafts: Traditional costumes, embroidery, silver ornaments, and other crafts.
• Local Specialties: Chili peppers, notoginseng (三七), and more.

Accommodation

• Homestays: Stay in local Yi villages to experience authentic ethnic life.
• Hotels in the County Town: Multiple hotels are available in the county seat of Yanshan County (砚山县).

Travel Tips

• Respect Local Customs: When visiting Yi villages and participating in activities, please respect local traditions and etiquette.
• Protect the Environment: During outdoor tours, avoid littering and help preserve the natural scenery.

Itinerary from Small to Larger Places

• Day 1: Arrive at Yanshan County (砚山县), check into a hotel, travel to Baishiyan Village (白石岩村) in Panlong Yi Ethnic Township (盘龙彝族乡), visit the Yi village and experience folk culture.
• Day 2: Explore surrounding villages in Panlong Yi Ethnic Township (盘龙彝族乡) to further understand Yi and other minority cultures.

Baishiyan Yi Ethnic Village (白石岩彝族村) is a place full of ethnic charm and natural beauty. Here, you can feel the hospitality of the Yi people, admire unique landscapes, and experience rich ethnic culture. Wishing you a joyful and unforgettable journey.

Geographical Location

Fatulong Village (法土龙村) is located in Panlong Yi Ethnic Township (盘龙彝族乡), Yanshan County (砚山县), Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (文山壮族苗族自治州), Yunnan Province (云南省). It is a multi-ethnic settlement area, situated 12 kilometers from the county seat of Yanshan (砚山县) and 18 kilometers from Wenshan City (文山市). Panlong Yi Ethnic Township (盘龙彝族乡) lies in the south-central part of Yanshan County (砚山县), bordering Baga Township (八嘎乡) to the southeast, Dongshan Township (东山乡) of Wenshan City (文山市) to the southwest, and Jiangna Town (江那镇) to the northwest.

History and Culture

Fatulong Village (法土龙村) is one of the key villages in Panlong Yi Ethnic Township (盘龙彝族乡), inhabited by several ethnic minorities, including the Zhuang (壮族), Yi (彝族), and Miao (苗族) peoples. In recent years, supported by the national and local governments, Fatulong Village (法土龙村) has implemented the “National Unity Demonstration Project,” promoting livelihood initiatives such as dilapidated house renovation, village road construction, and drinking water projects, greatly improving local living conditions.

Folk Customs

Fatulong Village (法土龙村) preserves many unique ethnic traditions. Traditional Yi festivals such as the Torch Festival (火把节) and Yi New Year (彝族年) are celebrated with rituals, singing, and dancing performances. Additionally, the village has developed rural tourism activities and cherry cultivation industries, allowing visitors to experience rich ethnic culture and rural life.

Weather and Best Time to Visit

Panlong Yi Ethnic Township (盘龙彝族乡) enjoys a subtropical monsoon climate, characterized by a distinct dry and wet season, abundant sunshine, a long frost-free period, mild winters, cool summers, and a generally moderate climate year-round. The best time to visit is from May to October, when the weather is cool and ideal for outdoor activities.

Recommended Attractions, Visit Duration, and Tickets

• Fatulong Village (法土龙村): Experience the folk culture and traditional crafts of the Yi (彝族), Zhuang (壮族), and Miao (苗族) peoples.
  Recommended visit duration: Half a day.
  Ticket: Free.
• Surrounding Villages in Panlong Township (盘龙乡): Such as Xiangshuilong Village (响水龙村) and Baishiyan Village (白石岩村), where you can further explore minority cultures and lifestyles.
  Recommended visit duration: 1 day.

Transportation

• Public Transportation: Take a coach from Yanshan County (砚山县) to Panlong Township (盘龙乡), about a 15-minute ride, then transfer to local transport or walk to Fatulong Village (法土龙村).
• Self-Driving: Drive from Yanshan County (砚山县) along the Wenyang Highway (文砚公路) to Panlong Township (盘龙乡), and then proceed to Fatulong Village (法土龙村), covering about 12 kilometers.

Local Cuisine

• Yi Ethnic Delicacies: Enjoy traditional Yi dishes such as Tuotuo Pork (坨坨肉), Buckwheat Cake (荞粑粑), and Roasted Suckling Pig (烤乳猪).
• Miao Sanqi Feast (三七宴): Famous in the region, where various dishes made with Sanqi (三七) are served.

Shopping

• Ethnic Handicrafts: Purchase traditional clothing, embroidery, silver jewelry, and other crafts of the Yi (彝族), Zhuang (壮族), and Miao (苗族) peoples.
• Local Specialties: Including Sanqi (三七), chili peppers, and cherries.

Accommodation

• Homestays: Stay in local Yi (彝族) and Zhuang (壮族) villages to experience ethnic customs.
• County Hotels: There are multiple hotels available in the county seat of Yanshan (砚山县).

Travel Tips

• Respect Local Customs: When visiting minority villages and participating in cultural activities, please respect local traditions and etiquette.
• Environmental Protection: During your visit to natural scenic spots, please protect the environment and avoid littering.

Suggested Itinerary from Small to Big Locations

• Day 1: Arrive in Yanshan County (砚山县), check into a hotel, travel to Fatulong Village (法土龙村) in Panlong Township (盘龙乡), and visit Yi (彝族), Zhuang (壮族), and Miao (苗族) villages to experience ethnic culture.
• Day 2: Visit surrounding villages in Panlong Township (盘龙乡) to further explore minority cultures and lifestyles.

Fatulong Village (法土龙村) is a place rich in ethnic charm and natural beauty. Here, you can experience the warm hospitality of the Yi (彝族), Zhuang (壮族), and Miao (苗族) peoples, admire the unique natural landscapes, and immerse yourself in vibrant ethnic cultures. Wishing you a joyful and unforgettable journey.

Geographic Location

Xinfazhai (新发寨) is located in Ganhe Township (干河乡), Kaji Village Committee (卡吉村委会), Yanshan County (砚山县), Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (文山壮族苗族自治州), Yunnan Province (云南省). It is approximately 9 kilometers away from downtown Wenshan City (文山市区). Nestled in a mountainous area with beautiful natural surroundings, it is a typical village inhabited by ethnic minorities.

History and Culture

Xinfazhai (新发寨) is predominantly inhabited by the Yi (彝族) and Zhuang (壮族) ethnic groups and is rich in ethnic cultural heritage. In recent years, through the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, Xinfazhai (新发寨) has improved its infrastructure and has become a model site for beautiful countryside development in the area.

Folk Customs

Xinfazhai (新发寨) preserves many unique ethnic customs and traditions. Traditional Yi (彝族) festivals, such as the Torch Festival (火把节) and Yi New Year (彝族年), are celebrated with rituals, singing, and dancing performances. In addition, the village has developed agritourism, cherry planting, and other special industries, allowing visitors to experience the rich ethnic culture and rural life.

Weather and Best Time to Visit

Yanshan County (砚山县) enjoys a subtropical monsoon climate with distinct seasons, mild temperatures, and abundant rainfall. The best time to visit is from May to October each year when the weather is cool and ideal for outdoor activities.

Recommended Attractions, Suggested Visiting Time, and Entrance Fees

• Xinfazhai (新发寨): Experience the folk culture and traditional handicrafts of the Yi (彝族) and Zhuang (壮族) peoples.
  Suggested visiting time: Half a day.
  Entrance fee: Free.
• Surrounding Villages: Other villages under Kaji Village Committee (卡吉村委会) offer further insight into the culture and lifestyle of ethnic minorities.
  Suggested visiting time: 1 day.

Transportation

• Public Transport: Take a bus from Yanshan County (砚山县城) to Ganhe Township (干河乡), which takes about 30 minutes. Then transfer to local transportation or walk to Xinfazhai (新发寨).
• Self-Driving: Drive from Yanshan County (砚山县城) along local roads to Ganhe Township (干河乡) and then proceed to Xinfazhai (新发寨), covering a distance of about 9 kilometers.

Local Cuisine

• Yi Specialty Foods: Traditional Yi dishes such as Tuotuo Meat (坨坨肉), Buckwheat Cake (荞粑粑), and Roasted Suckling Pig (烤乳猪) are available.
• Local Snacks: Fresh agricultural products such as chili peppers and cherries can also be enjoyed.

Shopping

• Ethnic Handicrafts: Traditional costumes, embroidery, silver jewelry, and other crafts from the Yi (彝族) and Zhuang (壮族) peoples are available for purchase.
• Local Specialties: Products like cherries and chili peppers are popular choices.

Accommodation

• Homestays: Visitors can stay in local Yi (彝族) and Zhuang (壮族) villages to experience the ethnic atmosphere.
• County Hotels: There are several hotel options available in Yanshan County (砚山县城).

Travel Tips

• Respect Local Customs: Please respect local customs and traditions when visiting ethnic minority villages and participating in folk activities.
• Protect the Environment: When visiting natural scenic areas, please be mindful of environmental protection and avoid littering.

Itinerary from Small to Large Destinations

• Day 1: Arrive in Yanshan County (砚山县), check into a hotel, then head to Xinfazhai (新发寨) in Ganhe Township (干河乡) to visit Yi (彝族) and Zhuang (壮族) villages and experience local folk culture.
• Day 2: Visit surrounding villages in Ganhe Township (干河乡) to further explore the culture and lifestyle of ethnic minorities.

Xinfazhai (新发寨) is a place full of ethnic charm and natural beauty. Here, you can experience the hospitality of the Yi (彝族) and Zhuang (壮族) peoples, admire unique landscapes, and immerse yourself in rich ethnic culture. May your journey be filled with joy and unforgettable memories.

Overview of Huashan Festival

• Chinese Name:文山州砚山县花山节
• English Name: Huashan Festival of Miao Ethnic Minority in Yanshan County, Wenshan
• Location:文山州砚山县平远镇回龙村/砚山县干河乡卡吉村委会新发寨/砚山县盘龙彝族乡响水龙村/
  Huashan Festival of Miao Ethnic Minority in Yanshan County is held in Huilong Village of Pingyuan Town, Xiangshuilong Village of Panlong Yi Ethnic Town and Xinfazhai Village of Ganhe Town.

The Huashan Festival, also known as the Flower Mountain Festival, usually takes place in the third month of the lunar calendar. It is primarily a celebration of the arrival of spring and the farming season, symbolizing renewal and abundance. The festival is deeply rooted in Miao culture, representing their connection to nature, agricultural cycles, and cultural heritage.

Local Activities during the Huashan Festival

1. Rituals and Ceremonies

The festival often begins with traditional rituals performed to honor ancestors, local deities, and the spirits of nature. These rituals may include offerings, prayers, and blessings to ensure a good harvest and prosperity for the community.

2. Traditional Music and Dance

One of the most prominent features of the Huashan Festival is the vibrant music and dance performances. Miao people dress in colorful traditional attire and participate in group dances, often accompanied by local musical instruments such as the lusheng (a bamboo pipe instrument) and drums. These performances bring a lively energy to the celebration and showcase the community’s artistic heritage.

3. Culinary Delights

Local cuisine plays a vital role during the festival. Various traditional dishes are prepared, often featuring local ingredients such as rice, vegetables, and meats. Families come together to share meals, symbolizing unity and the joy of harvest.

4. Arts and Crafts Exhibitions

The Huashan Festival also features exhibitions of traditional Miao arts and crafts, including intricate embroidery, silver jewelry, and handmade textiles. These exhibits allow visitors to appreciate the skill and creativity of Miao artisans and provide opportunities for cultural exchange.

5. Competitions and Games

Fun and competitive activities such as tug-of-war, archery, and traditional sports are organized during the festival. These games are not only entertaining but also serve to strengthen community bonds and promote teamwork among participants.

6. Flower Picking Activities

As the name “Huashan” (Flower Mountain) suggests, events may include flower-picking activities where participants gather wildflowers in the surrounding areas. This not only celebrates the beauty of nature but also serves as a metaphor for love and friendship, as people exchange flowers as gifts.

7. Cultural Performances

In addition to traditional dances, skits, and plays reflecting Miao mythology and history may be performed. These cultural presentations provide insight into the beliefs, values, and traditions of the Miao people.

8. Social Gatherings

The festival is also an opportunity for socializing and community bonding. Friends and families reconnect, and it serves as a platform for young people to meet and form relationships, often using the festive atmosphere to express their feelings through songs and dances.

 

Geographic Location

Huilong Village (回龙村) is located in Pingyuan Town (平远镇), Yanshan County (砚山县), Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (文山壮族苗族自治州), Yunnan Province (云南省). It sits in the heart of the Pingyuan Basin (平远坝子) and is about 76 kilometers from Yanshan County town (砚山县城). The village is named after a nearby mountain shaped like a dragon turning its head.

History and Culture

Huilong Village (回龙村) has a long history. As early as 1950, it belonged to Huilong Township (回龙乡) under Pingyuan District (平远区) of Kaiyuan County (开远县). In 1957, it was reassigned to Yanshan County (砚山县). In 1961, it became Huilong Brigade (回龙大队) under Huilong Commune (回龙公社) of Pingyuan District (平远区). In 1984, after the abolition of communes, it became Huilong Township (回龙乡) of Pingyuan District (平远区). In 2000, it was reorganized as a village committee, and in January 2012, it was renamed Huilong Community (回龙社区).

Folk Customs

Huilong Village (回龙村) and its surrounding areas are home to ethnic minorities such as the Yi (彝族), Zhuang (壮族), and Miao (苗族) peoples, with a rich and vibrant folk culture. Traditional Yi festivals such as the Torch Festival (火把节) and Yi New Year (彝族年) feature rituals, singing, and dancing. Additionally, near Huilong Village (回龙村) lies the Waitou Military Site (歪头营盘古迹), a fortress built during the Ming Dynasty’s Wanli era (明万历年间), known as the “Pillar of the Fortress” (要塞砥柱).

Weather and Best Time to Visit

Pingyuan Town (平远镇) enjoys a subtropical monsoon climate, characterized by mild winters, cool summers, and an annual average temperature of 16.4°C. The best time to visit is from May to October, when the weather is pleasantly cool and ideal for outdoor activities.

Recommended Attractions, Suggested Visit Time, and Admission

• Huilong Village (回龙村): Experience the folk culture and traditional crafts of the Yi (彝族), Zhuang (壮族), and other minorities.
  Suggested visit time: Half a day.
  Admission: Free.
• Waitou Military Site (歪头营盘古迹): A historic fortress built during the Ming Dynasty’s Wanli period (明万历年间), of significant historical value.
  Suggested visit time: 1 hour.
  Admission: Free.
• Yuxian Lake Scenic Area (浴仙湖景区): Located near Huilong Village (回龙村), the lake boasts clear, emerald waters and is an excellent place for leisure and sightseeing.
  Suggested visit time: Half a day.
  Admission: Free.

Transportation

• Public Transport: Take a bus from Yanshan County town (砚山县城) to Pingyuan Town (平远镇), about 1 hour’s ride, then transfer to local transport or walk to Huilong Village (回龙村).
• Self-Driving: Depart from Yanshan County town (砚山县城), drive along Provincial Highway 210 (省道210线) to Pingyuan Town (平远镇), then head to Huilong Village (回龙村), covering about 76 kilometers in total.

Cuisine

• Yi Specialty Dishes: Try traditional Yi (彝族) foods such as “Tuotuo Meat” (坨坨肉), “Qiao Baba” (荞粑粑), and roasted suckling pig (烤乳猪).
• Local Snacks: Fresh chilies, Sanqi (三七), and other agricultural products are also available.

Shopping

• Ethnic Handicrafts: You can buy traditional clothing, embroidery, and silver jewelry of the Yi (彝族) and Zhuang (壮族) peoples.
• Local Products: Such as small-grain peanuts (小粒花生) from Yanshan (砚山), boletus mushrooms (牛肝菌), and Sanqi (三七).

Accommodation

• Homestays: Stay in local Yi (彝族) or Zhuang (壮族) villages to experience ethnic customs firsthand.
• Hotels in the County Town: There are many hotel options available in Yanshan County town (砚山县城).

Travel Tips

• Respect Local Customs: When visiting ethnic villages and participating in cultural events, please respect local traditions and customs.
• Protect the Environment: Help preserve the natural environment by not littering during your visits to scenic areas.

Suggested Itinerary from Small to Big Destinations

• Day 1: Arrive in Yanshan County (砚山县), check into a hotel, then head to Huilong Village (回龙村) in Pingyuan Town (平远镇) to explore Yi (彝族) and Zhuang (壮族) villages and experience folk culture.
• Day 2: Visit the Waitou Military Site (歪头营盘古迹) to learn about historical culture; in the afternoon, visit the Yuxian Lake Scenic Area (浴仙湖景区) to enjoy the natural scenery.

Huilong Village (回龙村) is a place rich in ethnic charm and historical depth. Here, you will experience the warm hospitality of the Yi (彝族), Zhuang (壮族), and other ethnic groups, appreciate unique natural landscapes, and immerse yourself in vibrant folk culture. May your journey be filled with joy and unforgettable memories.

Location

Shoufo Temple (寿佛寺) is located in the city center of Wenshan City (文山市), Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (文山壮族苗族自治州), Yunnan Province (云南省). It is close to Xizheng Street (西正街), Zhongxiu Street (钟秀街), Weiyuan Street (威远街), and Xihou Street (西后街). The temple is situated at the midsection of Fosho Street (佛寿街中段), with convenient transportation and multiple public bus routes available nearby.

History and Culture

Shoufo Temple (寿佛寺) was originally built in the third year of the Yongzheng era (1725) during the Qing Dynasty. It was funded by merchants from Hengzhou (衡州) in Hunan Province (湖南省) and was initially named “Hunan Guild Hall” (湖南会馆). During the reigns of Qianlong (乾隆), Jiaqing (嘉庆), and Guangxu (光绪) emperors, it underwent multiple expansions and renovations, eventually forming a complex of 24 buildings, including Wanshou Temple (万寿寺), Lianxi Ancestral Hall (濂溪祠), and the Guansheng Hall (关圣殿), covering an area of over 3,000 square meters. However, it was severely damaged during the Cultural Revolution, and now only the main hall and the east and west side rooms remain, covering about 840 square meters. Shoufo Temple (寿佛寺) is now listed as a third batch of Wenshan Prefecture-level cultural relic protection units.

Folk Customs

Shoufo Temple (寿佛寺) is not only an important place for Buddhist practice but also a cultural activity center for the local community. The temple houses a Sutra Pavilion (藏经阁), where a full set of the Qianlong Edition of the Tripitaka (乾隆版大藏经), comprising 168 volumes gifted by the State Administration for Religious Affairs, is preserved. It is one of the few temples that possess the complete Qianlong Edition. In addition, the Yuwang Palace (禹王宫) on the right side of the temple features a unique opera stage, renowned for its exquisite wooden carvings and colorful paintings that have remained vivid for over a century.

Weather and Best Time to Visit

Wenshan City (文山市) experiences a subtropical monsoon climate, with mild weather year-round, free from severe cold and extreme heat. The annual average temperature is about 16.4°C. The best time to visit is from May to October, when the weather is cool and ideal for outdoor activities.

Recommended Attractions, Suggested Visiting Time, and Entrance Fee

Shoufo Temple (寿佛寺): Explore the main hall, east, and west side rooms and appreciate the charm of ancient architecture.

• Suggested visiting time: 2 hours
• Entrance fee: Free

Nearby Attractions:

• Visit Wenshan Confucian Temple (文山文庙) and Xihua Park (西华公园) to further learn about local history and culture.

Transportation

• Public Transportation: Take bus lines 1, 3, 4, or 14 within Wenshan City (文山市) and get off at stations such as the Second Middle School (市第二中学), Prefecture Kindergarten (州幼儿园), or Prefecture Maternity and Child Health Hospital (州妇幼保健院), then walk to the temple.
• Self-driving: Navigate to “Shoufo Temple (寿佛寺)”, located at the midsection of Fosho Street (佛寿街中段).

Food

• Local Specialty Food: Try Wenshan’s specialties such as Steamed Chicken in Steam Pot (汽锅鸡), Cold Rice Noodles (凉卷粉), and Panax Notoginseng Chicken Soup (三七炖鸡).
• Street Food: Sample a variety of local snacks at Wenshan Snack Street (文山小吃街), including Rice Noodles (米线) and Rice Cakes (饵块).

Shopping

• Handicrafts: Purchase traditional clothing, embroidery, and silver ornaments from the Yi (彝族) and Zhuang (壮族) ethnic groups.
• Local Products: Famous products include Wenshan Panax Notoginseng (文山三七) and Small Peanuts (小粒花生).

Accommodation

• Homestays: Stay at local guesthouses in Wenshan City (文山市) for a more authentic experience.
• Hotels: Choose from a variety of accommodations ranging from luxury hotels to boutique inns in the city.

Travel Tips

• Respect Religious Beliefs: Please maintain silence and respect religious activities when visiting the temple.
• Protect Cultural Relics: The temple buildings are historically significant. Avoid touching or damaging any artifacts.

Itinerary from Small Places to Major Places

• Day 1: Arrive in Wenshan City (文山市), check in at a hotel, and visit Shoufo Temple (寿佛寺) to appreciate the charm of ancient architecture.
• Day 2: Visit nearby attractions such as Wenshan Confucian Temple (文山文庙) and Xihua Park (西华公园) to gain deeper insights into local history and culture.

Shoufo Temple (寿佛寺) in Wenshan (文山) is a historical and culturally rich ancient building, bearing the memory of Wenshan’s rich heritage. Here, you can experience the charm of ancient architecture and the serenity of Buddhist culture. May your journey be filled with joy and unforgettable memories.

Overview of Sanyuesan Festival

• Chinese Name: 西畴县壮族三月三
• English Name: Sanyuesan (March 3rd) Festival of Zhuang Ethnic Minority in Xichou County, Wenshan
• Location: 西畴县西洒镇兴街镇塘房村和安乐村/Yangfang Village and Anle Village, Xingjie Town, Xisa Town, Xichou County

The Sanyuesan Festival, celebrated by the Zhuang Ethnic Minority in Xichou County, is a vibrant cultural event that marks the arrival of spring and the end of the agricultural year. It usually takes place on the third day of the third lunar month and serves as a festive occasion for the Zhuang people to connect with their cultural roots, celebrate their heritage, and strengthen community bonds. Below is an overview of the Sanyuesan Festival and the various local activities associated with it. The Sanyuesan Festival is is often associated with seasonal rites, agricultural practices, and ancestral worship. The festival is characterized by colorful festivities, lively performances, and a sense of unity among the Zhuang people, as they come together to mark this auspicious occasion.

Local Activities During the Sanyuesan Festival

1. Opening Ceremonies

The festival typically begins with a series of opening ceremonies that may include rituals to honor ancestors and deities, thanking them for the past year’s harvest and seeking blessings for the future.

2. Traditional Music and Dance

Music and dance are central to the Sanyuesan Festival. The Zhuang people showcase their rich musical heritage through folk songs accompanied by traditional instruments such as the “liu” (a type of bamboo flute) and drums. Various traditional dances are performed, often telling stories and celebrating themes of love and community.

3. Culinary Highlights

Food is a significant component of the Sanyuesan Festival, with families preparing a variety of traditional dishes. Special foods may include glutinous rice cakes, locally sourced vegetables, and meats, which are shared in communal feasting to enhance the sense of togetherness.

4. Cultural Displays and Exhibitions

The festival often features exhibits that showcase Zhuang handicrafts, including textiles, bamboo weavings, and embroidery. This provides an opportunity for artisans to display their craftsmanship and for visitors to learn about the rich cultural heritage of the Zhuang people.

5. Competitions and Games

The Sanyuesan Festival includes various traditional games and competitions, fostering community spirit and allowing participants to display their skills. Activities may include tug-of-war, horseback riding, and archery, which are not only entertaining but also promote teamwork and camaraderie.

6. Flower and Nature Appreciation

As the festival coincides with spring, there may be activities focusing on flower appreciation, where participants enjoy the beautiful natural scenery. This could include flower-picking trips or nature walks, celebrating the arrival of spring and the beauty of the local landscape.

7. Young People’s Socialization

The festival is also an opportunity for young Zhuang men and women to meet. Various matchmaking activities may take place, often involving singing and dancing, allowing them to express their feelings in a festive and culturally significant setting.

8. Folklore Storytelling

Elders in the community may share traditional stories, legends, and myths during the festival, helping to pass down cultural knowledge and reinforce the sense of identity among the younger generations.