Overview

• Chinese Name: 泸西县彝族火把节
• English Name: Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Luxi County, Honghe
• Location: 泸西县午街铺镇水塘村委会小河边村/Xiaohai Bian Village, Shuitang Village Committee, Wujiepu Town, Luxi County

The Torch Festival is the most sacred and grand traditional festival in the hearts of the Yi people, comparable to the Spring Festival of the Han nationality. The Torch Festival, also known as the ‘Star Return Festival,’ is celebrated as the ‘Eastern Carnival,’ embodying the Yi people’s beautiful wishes for a bountiful harvest, prosperous livestock, favorable weather, and the health of family members in the coming year. Xiaohai Bian Village is an ancient traditional Yi village with an ecological lifestyle, a rugged ethnic character, and authentic customs and practices. The ecological lamb soup pot is their favorite dish, and the dietary customs of the Yi people regarding lamb soup pots are characterized by their natural and lively qualities. Whether enjoyed in the village courtyard, in the mountains and fields, or at bullfighting arenas, the style is unique, and the customs are truly authentic.

Local Activities:

1. Torch Lighting and Procession: The festival often begins with the lighting of large torches, symbolizing driving away evil spirits and welcoming prosperity. The torches are carried in a procession through the villages, creating a lively atmosphere.
2. Traditional Performances: Festivities include traditional Yi dances and songs, showcasing the rich cultural heritage of the Yi people. Performers often wear colorful traditional clothing, adding to the festive spirit.
3. Feasting: Families and communities come together to prepare and share special foods, especially lamb soup pots. This communal dining experience fosters a sense of unity and celebration.
4. Games and Competitions: Various competitions are held, including traditional games such as wrestling, tug-of-war, and horse racing. These events are both entertaining and a way to demonstrate strength and skill.
5. Cultural Exhibits: Local artisans may showcase their crafts, such as weaving, embroidery, and pottery, allowing visitors to appreciate Yi cultural heritage.
6. Prayers and Rituals: Offerings and prayers are made to deities and ancestors, asking for blessings for a good harvest and the well-being of family members.
7. Sports Events: Besides traditional sports, there may be modern sports events that involve the whole community, promoting camaraderie and friendly competition.
8. Community Celebrations: Villagers often gather for group activities, storytelling, and sharing experiences, reinforcing community bonds and fostering a sense of belonging.

Basic Introduction

• Chinese Name: 元阳县彝族火把节
• English Name: Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Yuanyang County, Honghe
• Location: 元阳县马街乡啊路嘎新寨/新街镇/Yuanyang County, Majie Township, Aluga New Village/New Street Town

The Torch Festival, also known as “Huojie(火节)” (Fire Festival), is a major traditional celebration for the Yi ethnic minority,this vibrant festival is infused with cultural  significance and showcases the unique traditions, customs, and social life of the Yi people. During the event, local performances featuring unique ethnic characteristics from the Yi, Hani, Dai, Miao, Yao, and Zhuang ethnic groups will showcase the charm of diverse ethnic cultures. Additionally, there will be performances such as cheongsam shows and erhu solos brought in from Shaanxi and other distant places, creating a unique fusion with the local culture. On stage, the singing of folk songs is filled with deep emotion; under the night sky, bonfires ignite waves of joy.

Origin of the Torch Festival

The Torch Festival has ancient roots that date back several centuries. It is traditionally celebrated on the 24th day of the sixth lunar month, coinciding with the harvest season. The festival symbolizes the Yi people’s gratitude to gods and ancestors for a bountiful harvest and serves as an occasion to pray for the well-being of the community.

Legend has it that the festival is linked to the myth of a mythical hero who lit torches to scare away evil spirits and protect the land. This symbolic act represents the triumph of light over darkness and embodies the community’s resilience and unity.

Local Customs and Activities

1. Torch Lighting Ceremony: The festivities typically begin with the lighting of large torches, made from wood and grass. Villagers gather to participate in this ceremony, which signifies the welcoming of the harvest season and the dispelling of evil spirits.
2. Parades and Processions: After the torches are lit, colorful parades take place. Participants, dressed in traditional Yi attire, take to the streets singing, dancing, and showcasing their heritage. This is a significant social event that brings together community members and highlights the richness of Yi culture.
3. Cultural Performances: Dance and music are central to the celebration. Traditional dances such as the “Axi Dance” are performed, characterized by intricate footwork and energetic movements. Musicians play traditional instruments like the “suhur” and “hulusi,” adding to the festive atmosphere.
4. Athletic Competitions: The festival also features various traditional sports and games, including wrestling, horse racing, and archery. These activities foster a sense of community and friendly competition, encouraging participation from all ages.
5. Culinary Traditions: Food plays a vital role in the Torch Festival. Families prepare local delicacies, often featuring grilled meats, rice dishes, and specialty snacks. Sharing meals fosters community and enhances the celebratory mood.
6. Rituals and Offerings: Many families perform rituals to honor their ancestors and deities. Offerings of food, wine, and incense are made, reflecting the Yi people’s strong spiritual beliefs and respect for their heritage.
7. Artistic Displays: During the festival, local artisans showcase their skills, featuring traditional crafts such as weaving and embroidery. This element not only highlights cultural heritage but also provides economic opportunities for artisans.

Significance of the Festival

The Torch Festival serves as a cornerstone for the Yi community, reinforcing social ties, cultural identity, and communal harmony. It is a time for reflection, celebration, and connection, where younger generations learn about their heritage and elders impart wisdom through storytelling and tradition.

Overview

• Chinese Name: 红河县车古乡欢庆彝族火把节
• English Name: Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Honghe County, Honghe Prefecture
• Location: Chegu Village of Chegu Town in Honghe County, Honghe Prefecture

Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority is held in Chegu Village of Chegu Town in Honghe County. The Torch Festival is one of the most significant and vibrant traditional festivals celebrated by the Yi ethnic minority in Honghe County, Honghe Prefecture, Yunnan Province. This festival typically takes place in the summer, often coinciding with the lunar calendar’s sixth month. It is a time for Yi communities to celebrate their culture, honor their ancestors, and strengthen social ties.

Features and Significance:

1. Cultural Heritage: The Torch Festival reflects the rich cultural heritage of the Yi people, showcasing their unique customs, traditions, and beliefs. It serves as a means of preserving and promoting the Yi ethnic identity.
2. Agricultural Celebration: The festival is often associated with agricultural practices, marking the end of the farming season and the anticipation of a good harvest. It is a time for gratitude, prayer, and festivities.

Main Activities:

The Torch Festival is marked by a variety of lively and colorful activities, including:

1. Torch Lighting and Procession: The festival gets its name from the lighting of torches. Large torches made of wood and straw are lit and carried in a ceremonial procession through the community, symbolizing the dispelling of evil spirits and the welcoming of prosperity.
2. Traditional Sports and Competitions: The festival includes various sports events such as wrestling, horse racing, and archery. These competitions not only provide entertainment but also foster a sense of camaraderie among participants and spectators.
3. Song and Dance Performances: Traditional Yi songs and dances are performed throughout the festival. Participants often wear colorful traditional attire, and the performances showcase the vibrant cultural expressions of the Yi people.
4. Feasting and Celebrations: Families and communities gather to enjoy special meals during the festival. Traditional dishes, including grilled meats and local specialties, are prepared and shared among friends and family, promoting unity and joy.
5. Cultural Exhibits and Workshops: There may also be exhibits showcasing Yi handicrafts, art, and traditional practices. Workshops allow visitors to learn about Yi culture, including traditional music and dance.
6. Rituals and Prayer Ceremonies: The festival often includes rituals to honor ancestors and pray for good fortune, health, and a bountiful harvest. These ceremonies reinforce the spiritual significance of the event within the Yi community.

Chinese Name: 文山市东山彝族乡彝族火把节
English Name: Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Dongshan Yi Ethnic Town, Wenshan City
Location:
http://www.37.gov.cn/info/1035/47006.htm

Overview

• Chinese Name:马关县彝族火把节
• English Name: Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Maguan County, Wenshan
• Location: Maguan County, Wenshan

The Torch Festival, celebrated by the Yi ethnic minority in Maguan County, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, is one of the most significant cultural events for the Yi people. This vibrant festival, held on the 24th day of the sixth lunar month of the lunar calendar, combines agricultural traditions, spiritual beliefs, and community celebration. It serves as an opportunity for the community to come together to honor their ancestors, celebrate agricultural success, and express their cultural identity. For visitors, the festival offers a unique experience filled with vibrant activities, traditional performances, and a genuine sense of community spirit, making it an important event in Yunnan’s diverse cultural landscape.

Origin

The Torch Festival has deep historical roots that trace back to ancient agricultural practices. It is believed to have originated as a celebration to thank the gods for good harvests and to pray for prosperity and protection for the coming year. The Yi people historically relied on agriculture, and the festival served as a way to honor deities associated with growth and fertility, as well as to ward off evil spirits that could threaten their crops and community safety.

The lighting of torches symbolizes the dispelling of darkness and malevolence, promoting the well-being of both the land and its people. The festival has evolved over time, incorporating elements that emphasize community bonding, cultural expression, and social cohesion, while maintaining its core significance related to agriculture and spirituality.

Local Activities

The Torch Festival in Maguan County is characterized by various lively and engaging activities that highlight Yi culture and community spirit:

1. Torch Lighting Ceremony: The festival kicks off with the ceremonial lighting of large torches made from bamboo and wood. Villagers gather to witness this event, which includes the procession of lit torches through the village. This act symbolizes the removal of evil spirits and the welcoming of good fortune. The sight of flickering torches against the night sky creates a mesmerizing spectacle.
2. Traditional Performances: Cultural performances are an integral part of the festival. Local Yi artists perform songs, dances, and dramas that reflect their rich folklore, history, and everyday life. These performances often feature colorful traditional attire and traditional instruments, such as the ” sanxian” (a three-stringed lute), creating a lively and festive atmosphere.
3. Competitions and Sports: The Torch Festival includes various traditional sports and competitions that engage the community. Events may include horse racing, wrestling, and archery, showcasing the physical prowess and skills of the participants. These competitive activities draw large audiences, fostering a sense of camaraderie and friendly rivalry.
4. Feasting and Sharing Meals: Food plays a central role during the Festival, with families preparing traditional dishes to share with one another. Common foods enjoyed during this time may include rice, grilled meats, and local specialties. Sharing meals is a way to strengthen community ties and celebrate togetherness.
5. Rituals and Offerings: Many activities during the festival involve rituals to honor ancestors and deities. Villagers make offerings of food, incense, and other items at altars, expressing gratitude and seeking blessings for health, harvest, and protection from harm. These spiritual practices underscore the connection between the Yi people and their cultural heritage.
6. Group Dancing: As part of the evening festivities, locals often participate in group dances. These dances are typically characterized by rhythmic movements and lively music, inviting everyone—from children to the elderly—to join in the celebration. The communal aspect of dancing fosters unity and joy among attendees.
7. Craft Market and Exhibits: The festival also features a marketplace where artisans display their crafts. Visitors can browse and purchase traditional Yi handicrafts, including textiles, jewelry, and pottery. This not only highlights local craftsmanship but also supports the economic livelihoods of artisans.

Overview

• Chinese Name: 丘北县彝族火把节
• English Name: Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Qiubei County, Wenshan
• Location: Qiubei County, Weenshan Prefecture.

The Torch Festival typically occurs in the summer months, often in July, and embodies a rich tapestry of traditions, rituals, and communal activities. It combines rich traditions, vibrant cultural expressions, and communal festivities to create an atmosphere of joy and unity. Visitors to the festival can expect an immersive experience, filled with colorful displays, engaging activities, and a profound sense of cultural heritage and community spirit.

Origin and Historical Background

The origins of the Torch Festival date back to ancient agricultural practices. The festival was originally a celebration of the harvest season, serving as a way for the Yi people to express gratitude for the blessings of nature and to pray for good weather and bountiful crops. Over time, it evolved into a broader festival that not only celebrates agricultural abundance but also encompasses a wide range of cultural, social, and spiritual dimensions.

According to local legend, the festival commemorates the heroism of a mythological figure who defeated a demon that plagued the community. The lighting of torches symbolizes the triumph of light over darkness, good over evil. This narrative is central to many of the activities during the festival, as communities come together to engage in various rituals and celebrations.

Local Activities and Customs

1. Torch Lighting Ceremony: The centerpiece of the festival is the torch lighting, where large torches made from wood and straw are lit in a ceremonial manner. This act represents the driving away of evil spirits and the welcoming of good fortune. The lighting is often accompanied by chants and songs, creating a festive atmosphere.
2. Parades and Processions: Following the lighting, communities organize parades featuring the torches, with participants dressed in traditional Yi attire. Music and dance are integral parts of these processions, showcasing the rich cultural heritage of the Yi people.
3. Cultural Performances: The festival features traditional music and dance performances, including the lively “Axi Dance,” a vigorous and rhythmic expression of Yi culture. Participants display their skills in singing and playing traditional instruments, fostering a sense of cultural pride.
4. Sports and Competitions: Various traditional games are held during the festival, including wrestling, horse racing, and archery. These activities not only promote physical fitness but also provide opportunities for friendly competition and community bonding.
5. Culinary Traditions: Food plays a vital role in the festival. Families and communities come together to prepare and share traditional Yi dishes, such as grilled meats and local rice specialties. The communal sharing of food strengthens social ties and fosters a sense of unity.
6. Rituals and Offerings: Many families perform rituals to honor their ancestors and local deities, making offerings such as food and incense. These rituals reflect the Yi people’s deep spiritual connection to their heritage and the natural world.
7. Community Gatherings: The festival serves as a time for reunions, as families and friends come together to celebrate. It provides an opportunity for the younger generation to learn about their culture and for communities to reinforce their collective identity.

Overview

• Chinese Name: 文山州富宁县脱帽节
• English Name: Tuomao Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Funing County, Wenshan
• Location: Longmai Village of Banlun Town in Funing County, Wenshan/文山州富宁县板仑乡龙迈村

The Tuomao Festival, also known as the “Tuomao Huayuan Festival,” is an important cultural celebration of the Yi ethnic minority, particularly observed in Funing County, Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. This festival is deeply rooted in the traditions, values, and social customs of the Yi people, reflecting their unique cultural identity and spiritual beliefs.

Background and Significance

The Tuomao Festival usually takes place in the fall, during the harvest season, and it is primarily dedicated to the worship of ancestors and nature deities. The festival symbolizes gratitude for the year’s harvest, as well as a plea for a prosperous new year. It serves as a vital opportunity for the Yi community to come together, strengthen social ties, and celebrate their cultural heritage.

Main Activities and Rituals

1. Ritual Offerings: One of the central aspects of the Tuomao Festival is the ritual of offering food, particularly newly harvested grains and livestock, to ancestors and deities. This is done to show appreciation for the blessings received during the year and to seek continued protection and prosperity.
2. Traditional Music and Dance: Music and dance are integral to the festival. Participants don traditional Yi attire, often featuring vibrant colors and intricate designs. The festivities include performances of traditional songs and dances that tell stories of the Yi people’s history, myths, and legends. The “Dengjiu Dance” and “Suo Xie Dance” are commonly featured, showcasing the community’s artistic expressions.
3. Community Gatherings: The festival fosters a sense of community as families and friends gather to celebrate together. Communal meals are shared, featuring local delicacies and dishes made from the freshly harvested crops. These gatherings strengthen social bonds and create a warm, festive atmosphere.
4. Games and Competitions: The Tuomao Festival includes various traditional games and competitions, which may involve archery, horse racing, and other activities that reflect the Yi people’s skills and heritage. These events are often accompanied by cheers and support from other community members, adding to the lively spirit of the celebration.
5. Cultural Performances: In addition to music and dance, the festival may feature drama and storytelling. These performances often highlight moral lessons, cultural traditions, and the historical struggles of the Yi people.
6. Promoting Unity and Identity: The Tuomao Festival is also a time for reinforcing Yi culture and identity, particularly among the younger generations. Educational components might be included, where elders share stories, customs, and the significance of the Yi traditions, ensuring cultural preservation.

Overview

• Chinese Name:大理巍山彝族打歌节
• English Name: Dage Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Weishan County, Dali
• Location: Weishan County, Dali

The Dage Festival, also known as the “Dage Festival of the Yi Ethnic Minority,” is one of the most significant traditional festivals celebrated by the Yi people in Weishan County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. This festival, which typically occurs in the autumn, celebrates the harvest season and embodies the cultural and spiritual heritage of the Yi community. It is a time for the community to come together to express gratitude for the harvest, honor ancestors, and strengthen social bonds.

Local Customs and Activities during the Dage Festival

1. Traditional Ceremonies: The festival begins with various rituals, including offerings made to ancestors and deities to express gratitude for a bountiful harvest and to seek blessings for the future. These ceremonies often involve the burning of incense and the presentation of food and other offerings.
2. Colorful Attire and Dance: Participants dress in traditional Yi clothing, which is often adorned with vibrant colors and intricate embroidery. The festival features lively folk dances, including the “Torch Dance” and other regional dance forms, allowing the community to express their joy and cultural identity.
3. Singing Contests: A highlight of the Dage Festival is the singing competitions, where singers perform traditional songs that tell stories of Yi culture, history, and daily life. These contests often foster a spirit of friendly rivalry and communal pride.
4. Culinary Celebrations: The festival is also a time for feasting. Locals prepare a variety of traditional dishes made from freshly harvested ingredients, including meats, vegetables, and grains. Special foods, such as sour bamboo shoots and roasted meats, are often served during communal meals.
5. Games and Competitions: Various games and competitions are organized, such as traditional sports, archery contests, and rope pulling. These activities engage community members of all ages and encourage cooperation and teamwork.
6. Cultural Performances: In addition to dance and singing, the festival features performances of traditional music using indigenous instruments. These performances reflect the rich cultural heritage of the Yi people and provide entertainment and education for attendees.
7. Market and Craft Exhibition: Local artisans and craftspeople set up stalls at the festival, showcasing and selling their traditional handicrafts, textiles, and artworks. Visitors have the opportunity to purchase unique handmade items and learn about local craftsmanship.
8. Community Bonding Activities: The Dage Festival emphasizes community bonding and strengthening relationships among participants. Activities may include group dancing, communal meals, and storytelling, which foster a sense of unity and belonging.

Overview

• Chinese Name:大理巍山彝族二月八
• English Name: Eryueba Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Weishan County, Dali
• Location: Weishan County, Dali

According to the “Draft of Menghua Records: Humanity,” the Yi people of Weishan celebrate their New Year on the eighth day of the second lunar month. On this day, they block the roads and perform rituals to honor the Miku spirit. In each village, a Miku tree is set up. During the ritual, a yellow ox is tied with ropes beside it, and after making prayers, a person uses a sharp axe to strike the ox’s head, which is then cut up and distributed based on the number of participants.

The eighth day of the second month is the most widely celebrated traditional festival among the Yi, although the content of the rituals and the ways of celebration vary from place to place. Some activities include worshiping the Miku god, performing dragon sacrifices, calling on the spirits of the earth’s veins, burying “grass roots,” offering sacrifices to “Aobian,” worshiping the “Wudi” god, and paying homage to the earth deity, but they all involve ancestral worship.

In the Longjie area of Wuyin Township, they worship the siblings Ayu and Abu, collectively referred to as “Ayu Bu.” They use leaves from the red leaf tree stitched together in a wavy pattern to symbolize the great flood, and circled the three rings made from the pith of bulrushes to represent the “sun,” “moon,” and “stars.” The ritual commemorates the Yi ancestors—Ayu and Abu—who struggled to survive and reproduce during the ancient catastrophic floods when there was nowhere to escape. In the evening, activities such as swinging and singing are held.

Today, the Yi people’s celebration of the eighth day of the second lunar month is grand and lively, serving as a festival for ancestor worship, a celebration of peace, and a prayer for abundant harvests. It has become a common ancestral worship day for Yi people across the country. On this day, representatives of the Yi from all over the country gather at the Nanzhao Earth Deity Temple on Weibaoshan mountain to hold grand rituals in honor of the earth deity and their ancestors.

1. Ancestor Worship: The festival prominently features rituals to honor ancestors. Families prepare offerings, which may include food, fruits, and symbolic items, to show respect and gratitude to their forebears.
2. Miku Tree Ritual: Villagers set up a Miku tree (a ceremonial tree) in open spaces. This tree is an essential focal point for the festival’s rituals, where people gather to pray and make offerings.
3. Cattle Sacrifice: A yellow cow is often tied to the Miku tree during the ceremony. After prayers are said, rituals involving the cow, such as striking its head with an axe, may take place, symbolizing the community’s connection to their ancestors and the earth.
4. Community Feasting: Following the rituals, families and communities come together to feast. Traditional dishes are prepared, showcasing local ingredients and culinary practices. This communal dining fosters unity and celebration among the participants.
5. Cultural Performances: The festival typically includes various cultural performances, such as traditional music, dance, and storytelling. These performances celebrate Yi heritage and community spirit, with people dressed in traditional attire.
6. Games and Competitions: Various games and competitions often take place during the festival, including sports, traditional contests (like tug-of-war), and skill-based challenges. Such activities enhance community spirit and provide entertainment.
7. Lantern Lighting: Participants may light lanterns in the evenings, symbolizing guidance for ancestral spirits and celebrating the festival’s joyous nature. These lanterns can also add a festive atmosphere to the celebrations.
8. Swinging and Singing: In many communities, traditional swinging and singing activities are organized, adding to the festive spirit. These activities are often accompanied by folk songs that reflect Yi culture and values.
9. Rituals for a Good Harvest: Many activities focus on praying for a good harvest in the coming year. This includes ritual offerings to agricultural deities, expressing hopes for abundant crops and livestock.
10. Community Gatherings: The Eryueba Festival serves as a vital opportunity for communities to strengthen social ties, share experiences, and pass down oral traditions through storytelling and social interaction.

Overview

• Chinese Name: 南涧县彝族火把节
• English Name: Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Nanjian County, Dali
• Location: Nanjian County, Dali

The Torch Festival, celebrated by the Yi ethnic minority, is an important cultural and religious event primarily observed in Nanjian County,  as well as in other regions inhabited by the Yi people. This festival typically takes place in the middle of the lunar calendar year, around June or July, coinciding with the harvest season.

Origin of the Torch Festival

The origins of the Torch Festival are deeply rooted in the Yi people’s agricultural lifestyle and their animistic beliefs. Traditionally, it is believed that the festival began as a way to pray for good harvests and to ward off evil spirits. The torches symbolize light and vitality, and it was thought that lighting these torches would help to chase away darkness and misfortune. Moreover, the torches serve a practical purpose in agricultural communities, as they illuminate the fields at night and drive away pests.

Over time, the festival evolved to encompass various cultural elements, including music, dance, and traditional sports, celebrating Yi heritage while reinforcing community bonds.

Local Activities of the Torch Festival

The Torch Festival in Nanjian County features a range of vibrant and dynamic activities:

1. Torch Lighting: The festival kicks off with the lighting of large torches, often made from bamboo or wooden frames wrapped in straw. These torches are lit in a ceremonial manner, often accompanied by prayers for prosperity, health, and happiness for the community.
2. Traditional Music and Dance: Folk songs and traditional dances are an integral part of the Torch Festival. Local Yi people participate in lively performances that showcase their cultural heritage. The dances often involve intricate movements and are accompanied by traditional musical instruments.
3. Sports Competitions: Various sporting events, such as tug-of-war, horse riding, and wrestling, are held during the festival. These competitions strengthen community ties and highlight the physical prowess and skills of the participants.
4. Culinary Traditions: Food plays a significant role in the festival. Families prepare traditional dishes, including rice, roasted meat, and other local specialties. Communal feasting is common, promoting social unity and sharing among neighbors.
5. Costume Displays: Participants often wear vibrant traditional costumes, showcasing the rich cultural heritage of the Yi people. These costumes are adorned with intricate embroidery and colorful patterns, contributing to the festival’s overall festive atmosphere.
6. Prayers and Rituals: Various rituals may be conducted during the festival to honor ancestors and local deities. These rituals often involve offerings and praise to seek blessings for the upcoming agricultural season.
7. Nighttime Celebrations: The festival is marked by nighttime festivities, where communities gather around the illuminated torches to celebrate, sing, dance, and continue the festivities into the night.
8. Cultural Exchanges: The festival also serves as a platform for cultural exchange, where Yi people from diffe

Overview

• Chinese Name:大理南涧县无量山桑王节
• English Name: Sangwang Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Nanjian County, Dali
• Location: Nanjian County, Dali

The Sangwang Festival, celebrated by the Yi ethnic minority in Nanjian County, Dali, is one of the most important traditional festivals for the Yi people. This festival is typically held in late autumn and is closely associated with agricultural practices, harvest celebrations, and cultural rituals. The Sangwang Festival is a time for community gathering, acknowledging the fruit of the year’s labor, and expressing gratitude to deities and ancestors.

Origin of the Sangwang Festival

The origins of the Sangwang Festival are deeply connected to the agricultural calendar of the Yi people, marking the end of the harvest season. “Sangwang” is translated to mean “to welcome the god of agriculture,” and the festival is centered around honoring the deities believed to ensure plentiful crops and protect against natural disasters.

In ancient times, it was customary for the Yi people to perform rituals and offer sacrifices to the land and agricultural gods to seek blessings for a good harvest. Over the years, the festival has evolved to encompass not just agricultural celebrations but also cultural performances and various community activities.

Local Activities of the Sangwang Festival

During the Sangwang Festival, a variety of activities take place that reflect the rich cultural heritage of the Yi people:

1. Ritual Ceremonies: The festival typically begins with solemn rituals conducted by local religious leaders or elders to honor agricultural deities and ancestors. Offerings, including food, grains, and animals, may be presented as a way to express gratitude and seek blessings for future harvests.
2. Cultural Performances: Traditional songs and dances are vital aspects of the festival. Various groups from the Yi community perform vibrant dances that celebrate their culture and history. These performances often feature colorful costumes and lively music, encouraging audience participation.
3. Feasting and Food Sharing: The Sangwang Festival is characterized by communal feasting. Families and neighbors come together to share traditional dishes, including special foods that have symbolic meanings, signifying abundance and prosperity. Dishes typically include roasted meats, rice, and local specialties that reflect Yi culinary traditions.
4. Sports and Games: Various traditional sports and competitions, such as tug-of-war, horse racing, and archery, are organized during the festival. These activities not only promote physical prowess but also foster community spirit and friendly competition among participants.
5. Collective Blessings: Community members participate in group blessings, where they express their hopes for health, happiness, and abundance in the coming year. This activity strengthens communal bonds and reaffirms cultural identity.
6. Market and Trade Activities: The festival often includes a marketplace where local artisans display and sell traditional handicrafts, agricultural products, and other goods. This not only promotes local economies but also encourages cultural exchanges between vendors and visitors.
7. Storytelling and Sharing Traditions: Elders often share stories, folklore, and legends associated with the Yi people, particularly those related to agriculture and the significance of the Sangwang Festival. This oral tradition plays a crucial role in passing down cultural knowledge to younger generations.
8. Community Gatherings: The Sangwang Festival serves as a crucial opportunity for families and friends to reconnect, strengthen ties, and cultivate a sense of belonging and community.

Overall, the Sangwang Festival in Nanjian County is not just a celebration of the agricultural cycle; it is a vibrant expression of Yi culture, tradition, and community spirit, attracting both locals and visitors who wish to experience the cultural richness of the Yi ethnic minority.

Overview

• Chinese Name:大理祥云县米甸镇自羌朗村彝族尝新节
• English Name: Changxin Festival or New Rice Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Xiangyun County, Dali
• Location: Boluo Village of Ziqianglang Village of Midian Town in Xiangyun County, Dali/祥云县米甸镇自羌朗村菠萝村

The New Rice Festival, celebrated by the Yi ethnic minority in Xiangyun County, Dali, is an important cultural event that marks the harvest of new rice. This festival typically occurs in late autumn, after the rice harvest has been completed, and it serves as an occasion for the community to express gratitude for the harvest and celebrate their agricultural accomplishments. Here’s an overview of its origin and local activities:

Origin

The New Rice Festival has deep agricultural roots and is closely tied to the cycle of rice farming, which is a critical part of Yi culture and livelihood. Historically, the festival was established as a way for the Yi people to give thanks to nature and ancestral spirits for providing a bountiful harvest, and to pray for continued prosperity and good fortune in the future. The festival also reflects the Yi people’s respect for nature and agricultural traditions.

Local Activities

The New Rice Festival is marked by a variety of vibrant activities and rituals that demonstrate the rich cultural heritage of the Yi people:

1. Ritual Offerings: On the first day of the festival, families prepare offerings to their ancestors, including special dishes made from the newly harvested rice. This ritual is a way to honor and show gratitude to ancestors for their blessings.
2. Rice Cooking Competitions: One of the highlights of the festival is the competition for the best rice dishes. Families showcase their culinary skills by preparing traditional dishes made from new rice. This is not just about food but also about community pride and tradition.
3. Cultural Performances: The festival features various traditional performances, including folk songs, dances, and music. These performances often depict the daily life, struggles, and joys of the Yi people, and they foster a sense of community and cultural identity.
4. Traditional Clothing: Participants often wear traditional Yi clothing, which is colorful and beautiful. This not only enhances the festive atmosphere but also celebrates their unique cultural heritage.
5. Social Gatherings and Feasting: The New Rice Festival is a time for families and friends to come together. Large communal feasts are held where everyone shares food, laughter, and stories, reinforcing social bonds and community ties.
6. Games and Competitions: Various traditional games and competitions are organized, often involving both physical and skill-based activities. These games foster a spirit of friendly competition and community engagement.
7. Corn and Rice Planting Ceremonies: In some areas, the festival also includes rituals related to the planting of corn, expressing the hope for abundance in future harvests.

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Festivals of Yi Ethnic Minority

Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Luxi County, Honghe

Overview Chinese Name: 泸西县彝族火把节 English Name: Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Luxi County, Honghe Location: 泸西县午街铺镇水塘村委会小河边村/Xiaohai Bian Village, Shuitang Village Committee, Wujiepu Town, Luxi County The Torch...

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Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Yuanyang County, Honghe

Basic Introduction Chinese Name: 元阳县彝族火把节 English Name: Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Yuanyang County, Honghe Location: 元阳县马街乡啊路嘎新寨/新街镇/Yuanyang County, Majie Township, Aluga New Village/New Street Town The Torch...

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• Festivals of Yi Ethnic Minority
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Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Honghe County, Honghe Prefecture

Overview Chinese Name: 红河县车古乡欢庆彝族火把节 English Name: Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Honghe County, Honghe Prefecture Location: Chegu Village of Chegu Town in Honghe County, Honghe Prefecture Torch...

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• Festivals of Yi Ethnic Minority
• Honghe
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Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Wenshan City

Chinese Name: 文山市东山彝族乡彝族火把节 English Name: Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Dongshan Yi Ethnic Town, Wenshan City Location: http://www.37.gov.cn/info/1035/47006.htm...

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Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Maguan County, Wenshan

Overview Chinese Name:马关县彝族火把节 English Name: Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Maguan County, Wenshan Location: Maguan County, Wenshan The Torch Festival, celebrated by the Yi ethnic minority in...

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• Festivals of Yi Ethnic Minority
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Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Qiubei County, Wenshan

Overview Chinese Name: 丘北县彝族火把节 English Name: Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Qiubei County, Wenshan Location: Qiubei County, Weenshan Prefecture. The Torch Festival typically occurs in the summer...

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• Festivals of Yi Ethnic Minority
• Qiubei County
• Wenshan

Tuomao Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Funing County, Wenshan

Overview Chinese Name: 文山州富宁县脱帽节 English Name: Tuomao Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Funing County, Wenshan Location: Longmai Village of Banlun Town in Funing County, Wenshan/文山州富宁县板仑乡龙迈村 The Tuomao Festival, also known...

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• Festivals of Yi Ethnic Minority
• Funing County
• Wenshan

Dage Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Weishan County, Dali

Overview Chinese Name:大理巍山彝族打歌节 English Name: Dage Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Weishan County, Dali Location: Weishan County, Dali The Dage Festival, also known as the “Dage Festival of...

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• Dali
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Eryueba Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Weishan County, Dali

Overview Chinese Name:大理巍山彝族二月八 English Name: Eryueba Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Weishan County, Dali Location: Weishan County, Dali According to the “Draft of Menghua Records: Humanity,” the Yi...

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• Dali
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Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Nanjian County, Dali

Overview Chinese Name: 南涧县彝族火把节 English Name: Torch Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Nanjian County, Dali Location: Nanjian County, Dali The Torch Festival, celebrated by the Yi ethnic minority,...

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• Dali
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• Nanjian County

Sangwang Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Nanjian County, Dali

Overview Chinese Name:大理南涧县无量山桑王节 English Name: Sangwang Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Nanjian County, Dali Location: Nanjian County, Dali The Sangwang Festival, celebrated by the Yi ethnic minority in...

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• Dali
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New Rice Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Xiangyun County, Dali

Overview Chinese Name:大理祥云县米甸镇自羌朗村彝族尝新节 English Name: Changxin Festival or New Rice Festival of Yi Ethnic Minority in Xiangyun County, Dali Location: Boluo Village of Ziqianglang Village of Midian Town in...

Festivals and Events    Veiw

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• Festivals of Yi Ethnic Minority
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