Haini Village (海尼村) is located in Tacheng Town (塔城镇), Weixi Lisu Autonomous County (维西傈僳族自治县), Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (迪庆藏族自治州), Yunnan Province. It sits in the northwest part of Tacheng Town, about 20 km from the town’s government center and 52 km from Weixi County seat. Haini borders Deqin County (德钦县) to the east, Pantian’ge Township (攀天阁乡) to the south, Yongchun Township (永春乡) to the west, and Kona Village (柯那村) to the north.
History and Culture
The name “Haini” (海尼) originates from the Naxi language. It was originally “Haizi Ni,” meaning “the place where ears are twisted.” Before the founding of the People’s Republic, it belonged to the First Bao of Pantian’ge Township (攀天阁乡). In 1950, it was incorporated into Tacheng District (塔城区); in 1954, Haini Township (海尼乡) was established; in 1958, it became Haini Management Zone of Tacheng Commune (塔城公社海尼管理区); in 1962, it was again called Haini Township; in 1969, it became Haini Brigade (海尼大队); in 1984, it reverted to Haini Township; and in 1987, it became Haini Administrative Village. Since 2001, it has been officially named the Haini Village Committee (海尼村民委员会).
Folk Customs
Haini Village is home to several ethnic minority groups, including Tibetan, Naxi, and Lisu peoples. Their interwoven cultures form a unique tapestry of local customs. Traditional performances such as the Reba Dance (热巴舞) and the Lisu A-Chi-Mu-Gua (阿尺木刮) are still practiced, and the village also boasts a vibrant heritage of ethnic costumes.
Weather and Best Time to Visit
Located in the vertical valley region of the Hengduan Mountains (横断山脉), Haini Village experiences a subtropical to temperate monsoon highland climate, with distinct vertical climatic zones. The average annual temperature is about 13.1°C, and annual rainfall averages 1000.7 mm. The best times to visit are spring and autumn when the weather is pleasant and the scenery at its most beautiful.
Recommended Attractions
Traditional Residences of Haini Village (海尼村传统民居): Explore the unique architectural styles of local ethnic communities.
Lapu River (腊普河): A picturesque tributary of the Jinsha River (金沙江) that flows through the heart of Tacheng Town.
Yunnan Snub-nosed Monkey National Park (滇金丝猴国家公园): Tacheng Town is a critical habitat for the endangered Yunnan snub-nosed monkey, where visitors can observe them up close.
Suggested Duration for Each Destination
- Haini Village Exploration: 1 day to experience local customs and culture.
- Lapu River Excursion: Half a day to enjoy the natural beauty.
- Snub-nosed Monkey National Park Visit: 1 day to observe rare wildlife.
Transportation
By Car: Drive from Weixi County (维西县) to Tacheng Town, then onward to Haini Village. The total distance is approximately 52 km.
By Public Transport: Take a bus from Weixi County Passenger Terminal to Tacheng Town, then transfer to local transportation to reach the village.
Local Cuisine
- Weixi Multiflora Honey (维西百花蜜): A rich and fragrant local specialty.
- Pise Meat (琵瑟肉): A signature Lisu dish with a unique flavor.
- Clear Soup Fish (清汤鱼): Made with fresh fish from the Lancang River (澜沧江), known for its delicate taste.
Shopping
- Ethnic Handicrafts: Items like wooden bowls and tsampa boxes (糌粑盒) embody strong ethnic characteristics.
- Weixi Walnuts (维西核桃): A well-known local product of high quality.
Accommodation
There are Tibetan-style homestays available in and around Haini Village. These offer good amenities and the opportunity to experience Tibetan hospitality and traditions.
Visitor Tips
- Respect Local Customs: Be mindful of local religious beliefs and cultural practices when visiting.
- Protect the Environment: Help preserve the pristine ecology of Haini Village.
- Travel Safely: Roads to Haini can be rugged; drive carefully if self-driving.
Itinerary Suggestions
Day 1: Arrive at Haini Village, visit traditional homes, experience folk culture, and sample local cuisine.
Day 2: Tour Lapu River in the morning, then head to the Yunnan Snub-nosed Monkey National Park in the afternoon.
Day 3: Return to Weixi County or continue your journey to other attractions.
Haini Village (海尼村) is a culturally rich and ethnically diverse destination ideal for travelers who appreciate folk traditions and natural beauty. Here, visitors are warmly welcomed by locals and can discover the enchanting charm of ancient cultures. May your journey to Haini Village be rewarding and filled with unforgettable memories.
Waqiqi(瓦器器) is the folk dance of Lisu Ethnic Minority. It is the crystallization of Lisu culture, and one of the National Intangible Cultural Heritage in Yunnan. It offers the cultural, daiylife and production process of Lisu people.
Brief Introduction
In Lisu language, Waqiqi(瓦器器) means dancing. The Lisu Ethnic Minority’s dance Waqiqi is about the Lisu people’s production process, labor, and harvest and so on. The music is pleasant and strong, reflects the lisu people’s respect for nature, love for life, hard working, courage and their optimistic spirit.You can find Waqiqi Dance at Weixi County(维西县).
Music and Instruments
The dance music of Waqiqi is accompanied by three traditional Lisu instruments, namely, Julv(菊律), Jizi (吉资) and Qiben (起本), which are self-made by Lisu people. While playing, all kinds of instruments followed their own fixed chords to form a complete song. The combination of all kinds of instruments organically forms a piece of harmonious music.
Lisu Legend
As for Waqiqi, there is an old legend among the Lisu people. Long long ago, there was no human being in the world. A beautiful bird came and laid three golden eggs. After three years, three months and three days of incubation, two of them hatched two boys, and the other one was broken. After the careful feeding of bird, the boys grew up to be two strong young men. In order to survive, the older brother went upstream to the source of the Dajiang River(大江), and later married a bird girl. They formed the Nianzanshi Village(念咱氏村落)，which means birds village. And the younger brother went down the stream and reached the end of the river, and later married a fish girl, they formed the Wazanshi Village (哇咱氏村落), which means the fish village. Twenty-four dances of Waqiqi represent the content of this legend. Each dance has a certain meaning.
Chinese Version: http://www.xgll.com.cn/wh/2015-05/22/content_176441.htm
Translated by Emily-Wang/王海玲
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Chinese Name:维西县傈僳族阿尺木刮歌舞
English Name: Achi Mugua Dance of Lisu Ethnic Minority in Weixi County, Diqing
Achi Mugua Dance of Lisu Ethnic Minority in Weixi County, DiqingLi Biqing (center) is dancing Achimugua with other villagers to welcome visiting reporters. Photo: Chunmei
Holding a wine pot, Li Biqing performed Achimugua with other villagers from Tongle village for visiting reporters on June 16, one of the grandest ceremonies Lisu people hold for guests.
Born in 1968, Li is now one of the best, but few, performers of Achimugua in China, a traditional dance created by the Lisu minority group from south China’s Yunnan province thousands of years ago. Yet, not all Chinese people have heard about the name of Li, neither have they seen this traditional Chinese art which is being protected by the Chinese government.
Achimugua (阿尺目刮) is the transliteration of the dance’s Lisu name in which “achi” means “goat” and “mugua” means “song” or “melody”, which is why Achimugua is also called “Goat Dance.”
While Achimugua is most popular in Kangpu, Badi, and Yezhi towns in Weixi county, Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, the only below-provincial level Tibetan autonomous region in south China’s Yunnan province, so far there is no written record of when this performance came into being.
The current stories about Achimugua are mostly inherited from older generations of Lisu minority group whose ancestors used to live in the mountains as hunters and nomads. Being isolated from the outside world, the ancient Lisu people established close relations with the goat they were raising, which made them very acquainted with the voice, movement and habit of the goats. To better communicate with the goats, the Lisu people began to imitate their goats’ sounds and body movement, through which Lisu people gradually created a kind of performance which imitated the movement of a goat. As the goat played an important role in ancient Lisu people’s life, it was also regarded as the totem by the Lisu people.
Lisu people from Tongle village are performing Achimugua at Tongle Lisu village. Photo: Chunmei
Besides important guests, Achimugua is also performed during wedding ceremonies, important festivals and other significant events of the Lisu people.
Tall, dark-skinned, and strong, Li talked to reporters in a sonorous voice accompanied by apt body movement, which is likely shaped by the way Achimugua is performed.
Without any instrumental accompaniment (except flutes occasionally), Achimugua performers sing from the beginning to the end while they stamp their feet in accordance with the rhythm of the song. The performers basically consist of two teams – a female team and a male team, with each team led by one person. When the leader of a team leads the performance, the other members walk behind him clockwise in a circle.
The transition of the lead team from the male to female team, or from the female to the male team, comes as a chorus with linking words begins to be sung by the lead team, and after another two circles of dance with performers stamping their feet in accordance with the original rhythm, the other team begins to lead the performance.
This process can be repeated many times as performers quicken the stamping of their feet. Although Achimugua now has over 10 different variations, the very spirit of this traditional art of Lisu people remains throughout history – imitating the sound and movement of a goat and inspiring audiences’ fascination of mountain, river, meadow and other elements of nature.
The view of Tongle village seen from a mountain on the west bank of Lantsang River. Photo: Chunmei
Coming from Tongle village of Yezhi town, one of the three towns which are now preserving the Achimugua dance, Li is obliged to teach young people in Tongle and other villages how to dance Achimugua as he is one of the best performers of Achimugua in the village which has over 600 Lisu people. Although Li said over 90% of the people in the village can dance Achimugua, he still thinks he has a duty to pass this traditional art to the younger generation as more and more young men today are leaving the village and working in big cities all year long to make money.
According to Li, there are now around 40 professional performers of Achimugua in the village and each week he has one class at a local primary school to teach the dance.
In May 2006, Achimugua was listed as a national intangible heritage by the State Council, a move by the Chinese central government to protect, rescue, inherit and develop endangered intangible heritage in a scientific way.
Founded in the Tang Dynasty in 794, Tongle village is located in the Yunling river valley of Hengduan Mountains on the east bank of the Lantsang River. Its remote location makes it harder to popularize the art of Achimugua to outside world.
Li was happy to see the reporters who visited the village on June 16, because it was an opportunity to bring Achimugua to other parts of the world.
“Very few people of my age in the village like to dance Achimugua because it is sometimes too tiring, and more and more young people are living outside to work. I really hope the story of Achimugua can be told to more and more people from outside China,” he said.
http://www.sino-us.com/321/16594493016.html
https://baike.baidu.com/item/傈僳族阿尺木刮/3646263?fr=aladdin
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- Yunnan Intangible Cultural Heritages
- Yunnan National ICH
- National Inheritors of ICH
- Yunnan Provincial ICH
- Provincial Inheritors of ICH
- Protection Base of Yunan ICH
- Yunnan Ethnic Culture
- Yunnan Ethnic Festivals
- Traditional Ethnic Villages in Yunnan
- Yunnan Ethnic Minorities
Shenchuan Reba Dance(神川热巴舞) is the rutial dance of Lisu Ethnic Minority. It reflects the Lisu people’s cultural and religion. It is one of the Intangible Cultural Heritage in Yunnan.
Shenchuan Reba Dance in Tacheng Town of Weixi County, Diqing-04Brief Introduction
In Tacheng Town (塔城镇)of Lisu Autonomous County of Weixi(维西傈僳族自治县), there is an ancient ritual song and dance , Reba(热巴). Tacheng town is famous for its song and dance. In ancient times, Tacheng Town was called Lapu(喇普), which means Shenchuan(神川) in Tibetan language. Therefore, someone are also called Tacheng Reba(塔城热巴) as Shengchuan Reba(神川热巴). Tacheng Shenchuan Reba(塔城神川热巴) is a classical dance type, with unique style and long history. It is a large-scale collective dance composed of song, dance, monologue, etc. accompanied by drum beating. It belongs to the orthodox classical Reba and is unique in the China.
The Unique Dance
Unlike other folk songs and dances that can be sung and danced at any time, Shengchuan Reba is to worship god and pray for the purpose of the performance. Before the performance, there should be a period of time to prepare for all aspects of the dance, and the date of the performance must be chosen. What’s more, there are some sacrificial rites before the performance, which formed a traditional set of performance customs. Before the performance, a sacrificial ceremony to greet the gods will be held. During the performance, under the command of the leading dancer, the performers beating drums at the same tame, while the female dancers are beating the sun and moon drums(日月彩鼓), gently moving, their steps are graceful, dignified, sacred and solemn; while the male dancers are waving rattle-drums(拨浪鼓), yak tails(牦牛尾), and dancing vigorously and steadily.
Shenchuan Reba Dance in Tacheng Town of Weixi County, Diqing-01Legend
In ancient times, the temples built by gods were destroyed by demons and ghosts at night. After a long time of reconstruction, they could not be built. Finally, a god was asked to create Reba, and several handsome men and beautiful women were asked to jump all night on the construction site to stop the destruction of ghosts. Finally, the temple was built. So, Reba became a folk dance of sacrifice, worship and pray.
Chinese Version: http://www.sohu.com/a/202966726_100007546
Translated by Emily -Wang/王海玲
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Brief Introduction
The Sinong Reba Dance(斯农热巴舞) in Yunling Town(云岭乡) of Deqin County(德钦县), Diqing is a comprehensive performing art that integrates bell and drum dance(铃鼓舞), poetic drama(杂剧), mime(哑剧), fable singing and dancing(寓言歌舞), rap(说唱), acrobatics(杂技), mini-opera(小戏) and string dance(弦子舞).
It is spread among Tibetan ethnic people in two major types. One is the Hobo Reba(流浪热巴), which is equivalent to the professional team now. This kind of Hobo Reba is mainly composed of family members, and neighbors and distant relatives. The other is self-entertainment Reba(自娱性热巴), which is composed of villages. This kind of Reba is influenced by regional culture. Its artistic style is different. It is characterized by non-mobility and non-exchange of performance for remuneration. It mainly performs at festivals and when houses are built. Nowadays, Sinong Reba belongs to another category of Reba art which combines self-entertainment Reba with vagrant Reba and religious Reba.
Performing Sequence
- Scene One :Bell and drum praise (铃鼓赞)
- Scene Two : Zuomugangtuo/佐姆岗错 (Yak Dance)
- Scene Three: Wapiti Dance(马鹿舞)
- Scene Four : Reba Strings(热巴弦子)
The Tools of Sinong Reba
Ya’an /哑安(Yak’s tail), Kuasong/夸松 (bell), A/阿 (drum with handle), Ajia/阿嘉 (drum stick), Xiama/吓吗 (wapiti mask), Zuomuma /佐姆吗(yak mask), Gang Zheng岗正 (foot bell),and Biyang/比央 (horsetail string)
Chinese Version:https://baike.baidu.com/item/斯农热巴舞/8433440?fr=aladdin Translated by Olive Zhang/张银芳
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- Yunnan Intangible Cultural Heritages
- Yunnan National ICH
- National Inheritors of ICH
- Yunnan Provincial ICH
- Provincial Inheritors of ICH
- Protection Base of Yunan ICH
- Yunnan Ethnic Culture
- Yunnan Ethnic Festivals
- Traditional Ethnic Villages in Yunnan
- Yunnan Ethnic Minorities
Chinese Name:阿七独支玛
English Name: Aqi Duzhima
Hometown: 宁蒗县永宁乡温泉村委会瓦拉别村
Source from:
https://baike.baidu.com/item/阿七独支玛/9329086
http://special.yunnan.cn/feature14/html/2016-09/14/content_4533178.htm
Origin
According to the textual research of experts and scholars, Reba Dance(热巴舞) originated in Tibet in the 11th century AD, that is, the Northern Song Dynasty(北宋时期). Around the middle and late eleventh century, Tibetan Buddhism Gaju School (噶举派)was introduced to Diqing County(迪庆), and the Reba dance became popular.
The Reba Dance was initiated by Milarepa(米拉日巴), the second generation ancestor of the Gaju School. At first, it was only danced in temples for sacrifice and propaganda of the law. Later, it spread to the people and formed various schools and styles of the Reba Dance, such as the present Reba Festival(祭祀热巴), Wandering Reba(流浪热巴), Business Reba(商务热巴), Lisu Leiba Dance(傈僳族肋巴舞), Naxi Leba Dance(纳西勒巴舞) and so on. It has become many ethnic people’s favorite dance .
Legend
During the period of Chisong Dezan(赤松德赞), King of Tibet, Baimajiongnai(白马迥乃), Master Lotus and Peanut, whom Chisong Dezan invited from Tianzhu State(天竺) discussed the construction of Sangye Temple(桑耶寺).
After the construction began, the workers worked from morning to night, but when they arrived at the construction site the next day, as if they had not moved, all the stones and earth had returned to their original positions for several consecutive days. According Jiang Ge Abu’s (江格阿布)divination, Chisong Dezan invited Master Milarepa to the site. He taught people dancing Reba and for nine days and nine nights. The devastating monsters were attracted by the Reba dance. When they come back to their senses, the Sangye Temple had been built.
From then on, Milarepa walked around the world with his great disciple Riqiongduo Jiezaba(日琼多杰扎巴) and came to Snow Peak at the foot of Kawagbo Snow Mountain(卡瓦博格雪山) to teach the dance to the Sinong Peasants(斯农人). From then on, there was Sinong Reba Dance.
Distribution area
After the Reba Dance spread to Dehong Prefecture(德宏州), it was not only inherited by Tibetans, but also learned and inherited by Lisu(傈僳族) and Naxi (纳西族) ethnic nationalities.
In the process of their inheritance in various areas of Diqing County, they also integrated their own national and regional cultures, forming the Reba Dance of Diqing County, which spread to all parts of Diqing. At present, Diqing Reba Dance is still retained and spread in Diqing. Hobo Reba includes Sinong Tibetan Reba Dance(斯农热巴舞) in Deqin, Zimuxiong Reba Dance (子母熊热巴) and Lisu Leiba Dance(傈僳族肋巴舞) in Shangri-la. Sacrificial Reba mainly includes Tacheng Tibetan Shenchuan Reba (塔城藏族神川热巴)in Weixi County(维西县), Badi & Mugaoli Lisu Leiiba Dance(巴迪, 木高傈僳族肋巴舞) in Shangjiang Township(上江乡) and Xiasuoyi, Shangsuoyi Naxi Leba Dance(下所邑,上所邑纳西族勒巴舞) in Jinjiang Township(金江乡) , etc.
Chinese Version: http://www.dqich.cn/baohuminglu/detail/16/64 Translated by Olive Zhang/张银芳
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(哈达村) Hada Village is part of the (迪庆藏族自治州) Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, located in (维西傈僳族自治县) Weixi Lisu Autonomous County, (塔城镇) Tacheng Town, (启别村委会) Qibie Village Committee, in the basin area. It is situated at the edge of the town, 1.00 km from the village committee and 3.50 km from the town center. Hada Village is adjacent to (香格里拉市) Shangri-La City, (德钦县) Deqin County, and (丽江市) Lijiang City.
Cultural and Historical Background
Hada Village is a model unit for ethnic unity and progress in Yunnan Province and is a key rural tourism village nationwide. The name “Hada” comes from the (纳西语) Naxi language, meaning “place of turning ears.” The village is home to a variety of ethnic groups, including Tibetans, Naxi, Lisu, and others. These ethnic communities have blended their cultures, creating a unique folk culture.
Folk Customs
The folk customs in Hada Village are rich and vibrant, with distinct ethnic characteristics. The following are several major cultural activities:
- Marriage Customs: The village’s marriage rituals include three steps: “波罗酥” (Bo Luo Su), “日重” (Ri Zhong), and “拜图” (Bai Tu). “Bo Luo Su” involves making deep-fried rice balls, symbolizing unity and happiness.
- Collective Bonfire Ritual: An important part of the village’s traditional festival customs, villagers gather at places like sacred mountains and white pagodas to perform a bonfire ceremony for blessings.
- Reba Dance: Popular in Tacheng Town, the Reba Dance is an ancient Tibetan folk art with a long history and unique artistic style.
Weather and Best Time to Visit
Hada Village is located in the (云岭纵谷地区) Yunling Long Valley region of the Hengduan Mountains, which has a subtropical and temperate monsoon highland mountain climate with distinct vertical climatic zones. The annual average temperature is around 13.1°C, with annual precipitation of about 1000.7 mm. The best times to visit are in spring and autumn when the weather is pleasant and the scenery is at its most beautiful.
Recommended Attractions
- Traditional Residences of Hada Village: Experience the unique ethnic architectural style.
- Lapu River: An important tributary of the Jinsha River, flowing through the heart of Tacheng Town, offering beautiful scenic views.
- Damo Patriarch Cave: Located to the east of Qibie Village, about 5.6 km away.
- Shangri-La Yunnan Golden Monkey National Park: Located northwest of Qibie Village, about 10.2 km away.
Suggested Duration for Each Destination
- Overall Visit to Hada Village: 1 day to experience the local folk culture.
- Lapu River Tour: Half a day to enjoy the natural beauty.
- Damo Patriarch Cave: Half a day to explore the religious culture.
- Shangri-La Yunnan Golden Monkey National Park: 1 day to observe rare animals.
Transportation
- By Car: From Weixi County, travel along the road to Tacheng Town and then to Hada Village, a total of about 52 km.
- Public Transport: Take a bus from Weixi County Passenger Station to Tacheng Town, then transfer to local transportation.
Cuisine
- Weixi Honey: A local specialty with a rich flavor.
- Pise Meat: A Lisu ethnic delicacy with a unique taste.
- Clear Soup Fish: Fresh fish from the Lancang River, known for its delicious taste.
Shopping
- Ethnic Handicrafts: Items like wooden bowls and Tsampa boxes, full of ethnic charm.
- Weixi Walnuts: A local product known for its high quality.
Accommodation
There are Tibetan-style guesthouses in Hada Village and the surrounding area, offering good conditions to experience Tibetan culture.
Travel Tips
- Respect Local Customs: When visiting, be sure to respect the religious beliefs and traditional customs of the local ethnic groups.
- Protect the Environment: Hada Village has a good ecological environment; please be mindful of protecting the surroundings during your visit.
- Safety: The roads to Hada Village can be rugged, so take care when driving.
Suggested Itinerary
- Day 1: Arrive at Hada Village, visit traditional residences, experience local folk culture, and taste local specialties.
- Day 2: Visit Lapu River to enjoy the natural scenery; in the afternoon, go to Damo Patriarch Cave to learn about religious culture.
- Day 3: Visit Shangri-La Yunnan Golden Monkey National Park to observe rare animals; return to Weixi County or continue to other attractions.
Hada Village is a place rich in ethnic character and cultural heritage, ideal for travelers who enjoy folk culture and natural beauty. Here, you can experience the warm hospitality of the local people and appreciate the unique charm of ancient ethnic cultures. We hope you have a fulfilling and unforgettable trip to Hada Village.
Overview
- Chinese Name: 迪庆州维西县塔城哈达丰收文化节
- English Name: Hada Bumper Harvest Culture Festival of Naxi Ethnic Minority in Tacheng Town of Weixi Couty, Diqing
- Location: 迪庆州维西县塔城镇启别村哈达哈达村/Hadahada Village, Qibie Village, Tacheng Town, Weixi County, Diqing Prefecture
The Hada Bumper Harvest Culture Festival is a vibrant celebration held by the Naxi ethnic minority in Tacheng Town, located in Weixi County, Diqing Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. This festival is an important occasion that acknowledges and honors the agricultural efforts of the Naxi people, celebrating the harvest and showcasing their rich cultural heritage.
Origins of the Festival
The origins of the Hada Bumper Harvest Culture Festival can be traced back to the traditional agricultural practices of the Naxi people. The Naxi community, known for their deep connection to farming, celebrated the harvest as a gesture of gratitude towards nature and the spirits. The festival is typically held in the autumn, after the harvest season, symbolizing abundance, community unity, and cultural identity.
The term “Hada” refers to a ceremonial silk scarf or offering, which is an important symbol in Tibetan and Naxi cultures. It is often presented as a token of goodwill, respect, and blessings during ceremonies. The festival’s focus on harvest celebrates the successful yield of crops and fosters a spirit of gratitude for the natural world.
Local Activities During the Festival
The Hada Bumper Harvest Culture Festival features a variety of activities that showcase the rich traditions of the Naxi people and their unique cultural practices. Some key activities include:
1. Opening Ceremonies
- Ritual Offerings: The festival typically starts with a ceremonial offering, where locals present hada scarves and other gifts to deities or ancestral spirits. This symbolizes gratitude for the harvest and seeks blessings for future agricultural endeavors.
- Prayers and Blessings: Local leaders and shamans conduct prayers to ensure continued harmony and prosperity in the community.
2. Traditional Music and Dance
- Naxi Folk Music and Dance: One of the highlights of the festival is the performance of traditional Naxi music and dance. Local artists perform folk songs that often tell stories of nature, love, and daily life, accompanied by traditional instruments such as the lusheng (a type of reed pipe) and handmade drums.
- Dances: Community members participate in group dances, which are characterized by rhythmic movements and colorful costumes, reflecting the joyful spirit of the festival.
3. Culinary Celebrations
- Harvest Feasts: Festivities often include communal meals where families come together to share special dishes made from the harvest. This may feature local specialties such as Naxi-style dumplings, wild mushrooms, and various crops harvested during the season.
- Food Sharing: The act of sharing food is significant, reinforcing community bonds and celebrating abundance.
4. Cultural Exhibitions and Crafts
- Artisan Displays: Local artisans showcase traditional crafts, including handmade textiles, pottery, and wood carvings. This provides an opportunity for cultural exchange and preservation of local art forms.
- Storytelling and Traditions: Elders share traditional stories, myths, and legends, helping to pass down cultural knowledge to younger generations and keeping the community’s history alive.
5. Agricultural Competitions and Games
- Traditional Sports: The festival may also feature traditional competitions, such as archery or tug-of-war, which encourage friendly rivalry and foster a sense of community spirit.
- Demonstrations of Farming Skills: Many activities will include demonstrations of traditional farming techniques, showcasing the skills and practices necessary for successful agriculture in the region.
Conclusion
The Hada Bumper Harvest Culture Festival is a vibrant celebration that embodies the spirit and cultural richness of the Naxi ethnic minority in Tacheng Town, Weixi County. It serves as a testament to their agricultural heritage, community cohesion, and the preservation of cultural traditions. Through rituals, music, dance, food, and communal activities, the festival affirms the Naxi people’s deep connection to their land and their commitment to celebrating their identity and history.
The (腊普河) Lapu River is located in (云南省迪庆藏族自治州维西傈僳族自治县塔城镇) Weixi Lisu Autonomous County, (迪庆藏族自治州) Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, (塔城镇) Tacheng Town. It is a primary tributary of the (金沙江) Jinsha River. Its source, the (色马里底河) Shemali Di River, originates from the (云岭山脉) Yunling Mountain Range in the (梨地坪) Lidi Ping area. The river flows through (永春) Yongchun and (塔城) Tacheng towns before merging into the (金沙江) Jinsha River at (小河口) Xiaokou, with a total length of approximately 74 kilometers. The Lapu River valley is home to various ethnic minorities, including the Tibetan, Lisu, and Naxi people.
Cultural History
The name “Lapu” in Tibetan means “The River of the Sacred Stream” and is also known as the “Mother River” of (塔城镇) Tacheng Town. This area is not only a multi-ethnic settlement but also a region where diverse religious cultures intersect. There are one Christian church and three Tibetan Buddhist temples in the Lapu River valley. Additionally, Neolithic human cave dwelling sites have been discovered along the river, indicating that ancient ancestors lived near the water.
Folklore
The villages along the Lapu River preserve rich folk culture. For instance, the “热巴舞” (Reba Dance), a national intangible cultural heritage, is popular here. This ancient dance has a long history and a unique artistic style. The (腊普河) Lapu River valley’s (纳西族) Naxi, (傈僳族) Lisu, and other ethnic groups also maintain their traditional clothing and customs.
Weather and Best Travel Time
The (腊普河) Lapu River is located in the (云岭纵谷地区) Yunling Long Valley of the Hengduan Mountains, characterized by a subtropical and temperate monsoon plateau mountain climate, with notable topographical variations. The average annual temperature is about 13.1°C, and the annual precipitation is approximately 1000.7 mm. The best travel times are in the spring and autumn when the weather is pleasant, and the scenery is at its most beautiful.
Recommended Attractions
- (腊普河) Lapu River Villages: Experience the unique ethnic architectural style and folk culture.
- (达摩祖师洞) Damo Patriarch Cave: Located on a cliff near the Lapu River valley, this is an important Tibetan Buddhist site.
- (启别村千年银杏树) Qibie Village Thousand-Year-Old Ginkgo Tree: Situated downstream of the Lapu River, this ginkgo tree is over 3,000 years old and is regarded as a sacred tree by local villagers.
Suggested Stay Time for Each Destination
- Lapu River Villages: It is recommended to stay for 1 day to deeply experience local folk culture.
- (达摩祖师洞) Damo Patriarch Cave: It is recommended to stay for half a day to learn about the religious culture.
- (启别村千年银杏树) Qibie Village Thousand-Year-Old Ginkgo Tree: It is recommended to stay for half a day to appreciate the fusion of nature and culture.
Transportation
- By Car: Depart from (维西县城) Weixi County, head along the highway to (塔城镇) Tacheng Town, and then proceed to the villages along the Lapu River. The total distance is approximately 50 kilometers.
- By Public Transport: Take a bus from the (维西县) Weixi County bus station to (塔城镇) Tacheng Town, then switch to local transportation.
Local Cuisine
- (维西琵瑟肉) Weixi Pise Meat: A specialty of the Lisu ethnic group, with a unique flavor.
- (清汤鱼) Clear Soup Fish: Fresh fish from the (澜沧江) Lancang River, delicious in taste.
- (维西核桃) Weixi Walnuts: A local specialty, of excellent quality.
Shopping
- Ethnic Handicrafts: Such as wooden bowls and (糌粑盒) Tsampa boxes, rich in ethnic characteristics.
- (维西百花蜜) Weixi Honey: A local specialty with a rich and smooth taste.
Accommodation
There are Tibetan-style guesthouses available along the Lapu River in (塔城镇) Tacheng Town and surrounding areas, offering good conditions to experience Tibetan customs.
Travel Notes
- Respect Local Customs: When visiting, please respect the religious beliefs and traditional customs of the local ethnic groups.
- Protect the Environment: The Lapu River’s ecological environment is well-preserved, so please ensure you protect the environment during your visit.
- Safety: The roads leading to the Lapu River are quite rugged, so if traveling by car, be sure to take safety precautions.
Suggested Itinerary
- Day 1: Arrive at the villages along the Lapu River, visit traditional dwellings, experience local folk culture, and taste local cuisine.
- Day 2: Visit (达摩祖师洞) Damo Patriarch Cave and learn about religious culture; in the afternoon, visit (启别村千年银杏树) Qibie Village and its thousand-year-old ginkgo tree.
- Day 3: Return to (维西县城) Weixi County or continue to other attractions.
The (腊普河) Lapu River is a place full of natural beauty and cultural charm, ideal for tourists who enjoy folk culture and scenic landscapes. Here, you can experience the hospitality of the local people and appreciate the unique charm of ancient ethnic cultures. We hope your trip to the Lapu River is filled with wonderful experiences and unforgettable memories.
Overview
- Chinese Name: 迪庆州香格里拉市尼汝村登巴节
- English Name: Dengba Festival of Tibetan Ethnic Minority in Niru Village of Shangri-La City, Diqing
- Location: Niru Village of Shangri-La City, Diqing
Dengba Festival: A traditional festival of the Tibetan ethnic group in Nirui Village, Luoji Township, Shangri-La County, celebrated on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month. People of all ages dress in festive attire to hold a sacrificial ceremony for the mountain gods at the Immortal Cave. The festival also features entertainment activities such as horse racing, archery, bullfighting, and the Guozhuang dance.
Origins
The Dengba Festival typically takes place on the 15th day of the seventh month of the lunar calendar. The festival is rooted in Tibetan agricultural traditions and is closely related to the worship of mountain deities and nature. It is believed to have originated as a way for the Tibetan people to express gratitude to their gods for the bountiful harvest and to seek blessings for future prosperity.
Significance
- Spiritual Connection: The festival is dedicated to the veneration of mountain gods, reflecting the Tibetan people’s deep spiritual relationship with nature. Rituals performed during the festival are intended to honor these deities and express gratitude for their protection and blessings.
- Cultural Expression: The festival serves as a platform to showcase Tibetan culture, including traditional attire, music, dances, and sports. It plays an essential role in preserving and promoting the unique cultural identity of the Tibetan people.
- Community Cohesion: The Dengba Festival fosters unity and belonging within the community, bringing together people of all ages to participate in the celebrations. It strengthens familial and social bonds, reinforcing the sense of collective identity among the Tibetan population.
Local Activities
- Sacrificial Ceremony: One of the highlights of the festival is the sacrificial offering to mountain gods, conducted at local sacred sites. This ceremony often includes prayers and rituals performed by village elders, invoking blessings for health, fortune, and a good harvest.
- Traditional Performances: Cultural performances play a vital role in the festival, with participants dressing in colorful traditional costumes. Folk dances, songs, and instrumental music are showcased, often featuring the traditional Tibetan instrument, the damnyen (guitar).
- Sports and Competitions: The festival includes various traditional sporting events, such as horse racing, archery, bullfighting, and tug-of-war, which encourage friendly competition and showcase the physical prowess of the participants.
- Guozhuang Dance: A popular group dance known as the Guozhuang dance is performed during the festival, allowing participants to join in a collective celebration of joy and unity.
- Community Feasting: The festival also emphasizes communal meals, where villagers gather to enjoy traditional Tibetan dishes and share food with one another, symbolizing togetherness and community spirit.
- Cultural Exhibitions: Local artisans may display and sell their handicrafts, textiles, and other unique items, providing visitors with an opportunity to engage with Tibetan culture and craftsmanship.
Overview of the Festival
- Chinese Name: 迪庆州德钦县射箭节
- English Name: Arrow Shooting Festival in Deqin County, Diqing
- Location: Deqin County, Diqing
Archery is one of the favorite sports among the Tibetan people in Deqin, Yunnan, and this activity is held during almost all traditional festivals. Additionally, every year in the fourth lunar month, they hold a special Archery Festival, which is called ‘Dajuluose’ in Tibetan.
According to legend, Dajuluose is held to commemorate the Tibetan hero King Gesar. There is no fixed date for the festival; in the fourth lunar month, after the farming season is complete, adult men gather to discuss the ceremony. Every man, from the gray-haired elder to the young child, must contribute one arrow and two to three jin (about 1 to 1.5 kg) of barley (to be brewed into alcohol or exchanged for alcohol) and participate in the competition. On the agreed-upon day, the host announces the start of the event with a long drum or a cowhorn. Upon hearing the sound of the drum or horn, people dressed in festive garments, carrying tents, come together to take part in this ethnic gathering.
The archery festival begins with the arrow distribution and welcoming ceremony. Firstly, from among the people born in that year’s zodiac sign, a highly respected and skilled archer is selected as the distributor of arrows. He raises all the arrows above his head, then holds them in his left hand while counting them with his right hand, dividing them into two equal parts. In practice, this also marks the participants on the arrows, dividing them into two groups. Two targets are set up fifty steps apart for the archers to shoot at. The archers can choose to shoot from either target position, and in the end, the host sings an ‘Arrow Song’ while holding a target wrapped in a hada (a traditional Tibetan ceremonial scarf), and the archers collectively sing a ‘Wine Song,’ drinking a bowl of alcohol before entering the shooting range.
During the competition, each person can shoot a pair of arrows in each round. For elderly men or young children who are unable to shoot, a male family member can shoot on their behalf. Victory is determined by the number of arrows hitting the target in each group. Afterward, the groups are re-sorted for further rounds of competition, with about three to five rounds of competition taking place each day. As night falls, women come to the shooting range to toast and bless the archers. Bonfires are lit on the lawn, and people drink while dancing the ‘Guozhuang,’ fully immersed in a joyful atmosphere.
Local Activities of the Festival
1. Opening Ceremony
- The festival usually begins with a grand opening ceremony, where local leaders and community elders address the gathered participants, sharing blessings and invoking the spirits for a successful event.
2. Archery Competitions
- Individual and Team Events: Participants, both men and women, compete in archery contests. The archers shoot arrows at targets set up at a specified distance, aiming for precision and skill. It’s common for competitors to be grouped based on age or gender.
- Use of Traditional Bows: Archers use traditional Tibetan bows, emphasizing the cultural significance of the sport and its importance within the community.
3. Arrow Distribution Ceremony
- Before the competitions begin, an arrow distribution ceremony takes place where a respected member of the community is chosen to distribute the arrows among the participants. This person is typically someone with good archery skills and esteem within the village.
4. Cultural Performances
- Traditional Music and Dance: Various performances are organized, including Tibetan songs, dances, and instrumental music. The Guozhuang dance (a traditional Tibetan circle dance) is often performed, inviting community members to join in and celebrate together.
- Storytelling: Elders share traditional stories and legends, particularly those related to archery and local heroes, enhancing the cultural experience.
5. Sacrificial Rituals
- Rituals may be conducted to pay respect to deities and nature, showcasing the community’s spiritual beliefs. Offerings such as barley and traditional foods are presented as a way to seek blessings for a good harvest.
6. Community Feast
- A communal meal is prepared for all participants, featuring traditional Tibetan foods such as tsampa (roasted barley flour), meat dishes, and barley wine. This aspect of the festival fosters a sense of unity and strengthens social bonds within the community.
7. Sports and Games
- Besides archery, other traditional sports and games may be organized to engage the youth and promote friendly competition, such as tug-of-war or horse racing, further enhancing the festive atmosphere.
8. Evening Activities
- As night falls, festivities continue with bonfires, where people gather to enjoy songs, dances, and drinks. This is often a time of joy and celebration, with people sharing stories and participating in dances like the Guozhuang, illuminating the night with fun and camaraderie.
9. Blessings and Toasts
- Women typically participate in blessing rituals, where they toast the archers and the community’s fortune for the coming year, emphasizing the festival’s communal and familial aspects.
10. Closing Ceremony
- The festival culminates in a closing ceremony where winners of the archery competitions are announced and awarded. The community comes together for a final gathering to express gratitude for the successful event and to pray for continued prosperity and harmony.
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