Chinese Name:陇川章风观音寺
English Name: Guanyin Temple in Longchuan County, Dehong

Guanyin (Goddess of Mercy) Temple is situated in the middle of Laozhai Village in the west of Zhangfeng Township, Longchuan County. It is a famous scenic spot in the remote frontier of Yunnan and is especially known for 《the Chinese Tripitaka》 housed in it. On entering Guanyin Temple, one will be greeted by the flying eaves at the gate top.

Exploring ahead, you can see a big incense-burner erecting on a platform in the courtyard of the temple. Pilgrims frequently pay visits to Guanyin Temple and usually burn incenses as sacrifices. The incense-burner, 1 meter high, is a tripod similar to Simuwu Rectangle Tripod (14th-11th century B.C) unearthed in 1939 in Henan Province. A garden has been cultivated behind the platform. It’s planted with chrysanthemums and thrifty pine trees. A century-old cypress can be seen growing on the left part of the garden. Though “aged” and “emaciated”, it still perseveres to uphold its large and luxuriant canopy. In the middle of the garden two unnamed trees are flourishing with symmetrically twisting branches. 

The scriptorium, an exquisite and dainty pavilion with flying eaves, is seated on a flat-roofed building. It houses 《The Chinese Tripitaka》, a Buddhist canon codified in the Tang Dynasty when Master San Zang (602-664) journeyed to Ancient India for Buddhist scriptures. Presented by the Education Fund of Taiwan Financial Group,《The Chinese Tripitaka》includes 577 booklets in 7 parts with a total weight of 1,500 kg. It consists of: (1)-Sutra-Pitaka (the collection of sutras); (2)-Vinaya-Pitaka (the collection of Buddhist precepts); (3)-Abhidhamma-Pitaka (the collection of Buddhist theories). 

At the end of the garden are the Majestic Hall (Da Xiong Bao Dian) and Chanting Hall (Nian Jing Tang), both of which are traditional pavilions connecting to each other thus giving birth to another spectacular scene in the temple. Inside the Majestic Hall, the Three Bodies of Sakyamuni are enshrined, all of whom are vividly sculpted with benignant looks and radiant smiles. In front of the Three Bodies, several mini-sized Buddha figures are inlaid in orderly-arranged frames. Besides Buddha figures, the Majestic Hall is also equipped with a huge bell and a drum for Buddhist sacrificial ceremonies.  

At the center of the Chanting Hall, the Goddess of Mercy in a Zen gesture (palms together) is seated on a pedestal. In front of her is Vairocana (Sakyamuni or Buddha) that is flanked by two Bodhisattvas: Bodhisattva Samantabhadra (Puxian) and Bodhisattva Manjusri (Wenshu). Puxian and Wenshu are said to be two junior sister apprentices of the Goddess of Mercy. Both of them are in Zen gesture too and have respectively a white elephant and a lion as their rides. What’s more, at the left front, a monk statue looking like Tang Seng (Master San Zang is nicknamed “Tang Seng” in the story of “Pilgrimage to West Paradise”) is holding a bowl and Buddhist stick. 

The Do’s and Don’ts in Buddhist Temple:

1)Into the hall: you should lift the left foot first from the left door or lift the right foot first from the right door. Don’t go into the hall through the middle door.

2)Into the temple: you should go around from left to right instead of from right to left.

3)You should burn the incense outside the temple in order to avoid fire because most of the monastery buildings are made of wood.

‣‣‣ Dehong Travel Guide

• 11 Days Western Yunnan and Myanmar Border Cycling Tour
• 16 Days Yunnan-Burma Overland Tour from Kunming to Yangon
• 26 Days Grand Yunnan Ethnic Minority Exploration

Admission Fee:￥0

Attraction Transportation:Over-night sleeper bus available from Kunming to Longchuan Route: Kunming-An’ning-Chuxiong-Dali-Baoshan-Longling-Luxi-Longchuan.

Chinese Name:陇川章凤镇拉影村
English Name: Laying Village in Longchuan County, Dehong

Plan your Dehong Ethnic Villages Tour to Dehong? Visit Laying Village in Longchuan County, Dehong which is one of the most fascinating ethnic villages in Dehong. Explore the local folk ethnic culture including History, Food and Dining, Clothing, Customs and Traditions, Architecture, Festivals, Crafts, Religion, Language of local ethnic people in Laying Village in Longchuan County, Dehong.

La Ying, a village situated between the boundary tablets No. 50 and No. 51 at the border line between China and Myanmar, used to be important passage on the South Silk Road. It’s called “Foreigners Street” by either Chinese or Burmese. The east part of the village belongs to China and the west part to Myanmar; so people vividly call it “a village shared by two countries” (Yi Zhai Liang Guo). A huge banyan tree is growing in the middle of the village that is “divided” by bamboo fences, roads and earth ridges. The villagers from two countries share water from one river, share one street, share one temple and yet share one holy tree.

A huge banyan tree is growing in the middle of the village that is “divided” by bamboo fences, roads and earth ridges. The villagers from two countries share water from one river, share one street, share one temple and yet share one holy tree.

Laying Border is also named Zhangfeng Border between Myanmar and China.

洋人街的中国一侧叫“拉影”。抗战时，我抗日自卫军曾在此打过拉影洋人街包围战，毙敌人60余人。现在拉影是中缅两国的口岸之一，陇川县城所在地是章凤镇，拉影距章凤八公里，所以这里的口岸叫章凤口岸。章凤口岸现在过货不多。在口岸我见到不少孩子正好出关去缅甸那边上学。原来他们的父母已经常住中国一侧经商做工，孩子们还要每天“回国”去上学。

Plan your Dehong Ethnic Villages Tour to Dehong? Visit Mandong Village of Husa Town in Longchuan County, Dehong which is one of the most fascinating ethnic villages in Dehong. Explore the local folk ethnic culture including History, Food and Dining, Clothing, Customs and Traditions, Architecture, Festivals, Crafts, Religion, Language of local ethnic people in Mandong Village of Husa Town in Longchuan County, Dehong.

Chinese Name: 德宏傣族景颇族自治州陇川县户撒乡曼东村
English Name: Mandong Village of Husa Town in Longchuan County, Dehong

Plan your Dehong Ethnic Villages Tour to Dehong? Visit Manghai Village of Husa Town in Longchuan County, Dehong which is one of the most fascinating ethnic villages in Dehong. Explore the local folk ethnic culture including History, Food and Dining, Clothing, Customs and Traditions, Architecture, Festivals, Crafts, Religion, Language of local ethnic people in Manghai Village of Husa Town in Longchuan County, Dehong.

Chinese Name: 德宏州陇川县户撒乡户早村委会芒海自然村
English Name: Manghai Village of Husa Town in Longchuan County, Dehong

Introduction of the Festival

Chinese Name:景颇族新米节/尝新节
English Name:  New Rice Festival (Xinmijie) of Jingpo Ethnic Minority

The New Rice Festival is an enjoyable celebration of harvest among the Jingpo people. Each year, around the eighth or ninth lunar month when the rice in the fields ripens, families eagerly celebrate the “New Rice Festival.”On the eve of the festival, hosts begin preparations. They carry baskets adorned with fresh flowers and bring home bundles of ripe glutinous rice, placing them prominently in the main hall. They warmly invite neighbors and friends to join them the following day. On the festival day itself, people of all ages happily gather at the host’s home. The host welcomes guests with water and wine. After exchanging greetings, preparations for the festival meal commence. Women and young girls fry grains, pound glutinous rice, make flatbreads, boil new rice, and gather wild vegetables from the mountains. Young men joyfully sing as they fish in the river. According to Jingpo tradition, chickens and pigs cannot be slaughtered on this day.Before the feast begins, the host performs a prayer ceremony. They arrange flatbreads, pounded rice, water and wine, dried fish, and dried rats in a propitious order, expressing wishes to the spirits for peace and prosperity for humans and livestock, favorable weather, and the prevention of disasters. If their wishes are fulfilled, they promise to sacrifice a cow in the future.

During the New Rice Festival ceremony, respected elders narrate the origins of the grains. People enjoy drinking, laughing, and discussing agricultural practices such as the appropriate timing for planting, techniques for irrigating fields, skills for transplanting seedlings, methods and timing for dryland sowing, land clearing designs, and crop rotation knowledge. The New Rice Festival is a holiday celebrating harvest and promoting the exchange of agricultural techniques.

Local Activities of the New Rice Festival (Xinmijie)

1. Rice Harvesting: The festival begins with the community participating in the harvesting of rice. This usually involves traditional methods and is a communal effort, highlighting the importance of teamwork and cooperation among villagers.
2. Offering to Ancestral Spirits: Before cooking the new rice, a traditional ceremony is held to offer the first batch of rice to ancestral spirits and deities. This act of reverence expresses gratitude and seeks blessings for a good harvest and prosperity.
3. Cooking New Rice: After the ceremonial offerings, the new rice is cooked. Traditionally, this rice is prepared in various dishes, showcasing the culinary diversity of the Jingpo people. Families often prepare special foods using the new rice.
4. Feasting and Celebrations: The New Rice Festival is marked by community feasting, where families and neighbors gather to share meals. This is a time for joyous celebrations, and food plays a central role in the festivities. Dishes made from the new rice, fish, meat, and seasonal vegetables are abundant.
5. Traditional Music and Dance: Cultural performances are an essential component of the festival. The Jingpo people engage in traditional songs, dances, and music, often showcasing vibrant costumes and instruments. These performances celebrate their heritage and foster a sense of community.
6. Games and Contests: Various traditional games and competitions may be organized during the festival, including friendly contests that test skill and dexterity. This may involve activities like archery, wrestling, and other local games that bring the community together in a spirit of fun and camaraderie.
7. Cultural Exhibitions: Sometimes, cultural exhibitions are held to showcase the Jingpo’s rich traditions, crafts, and skills. This can include displays of traditional clothing, handmade crafts, and local agricultural practices.
8. Sharing and Exchange: Communities often engage in sharing and exchanging food and gifts during the festival, symbolizing unity and generosity. This fosters good relationships among community members and strengthens social ties.
9. Spiritual Reflection: The festival is also a time for spiritual reflection, where individuals may engage in personal prayers or seek blessings for health, prosperity, and well-being for the coming year.
10. Community Bonding: Throughout the festival, there is a strong emphasis on community bonding and cooperation, reinforcing relationships among families and neighbors and creating a sense of belonging.

Introduction of the Festival

• Chinese Name:阿昌族过新年
• English Name:  Guoxinnian (New Year) Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority

The New Year of the Achang ethnic group is the most important and lively traditional festival for the Achang people. It starts on the first day of the first lunar month of the year and lasts until the sixteenth day of the first lunar month. During this time, the Achang people hold various activities to celebrate the arrival of the New Year.

During the New Year, the Achang people engage in a variety of traditional activities. The most important of these is the sacrifice to the village god. This sacrifice is a must-hold activity during the Achang New Year, representing the Achang people’s awe and gratitude for nature. In addition to the sacrifice to the village god, the Achang people also engage in other celebration activities, such as swinging, dancing, singing, playing ping pong, and eating New Year’s Eve meals.

Swinging is one of the most popular activities during the Achang New Year. The swing is made of a sturdy wooden pole with seats on either side. Young people sit on the swing and are pushed by others, and the height of the swing depends on the strength of the push. Swinging is not only a form of entertainment, but also represents love between young men and women in Achang culture.

Dancing is an essential activity during the Achang New Year. The Achang people have a variety of dances, including elephant-foot dance, peacock dance, and knife dance. These dances are not only a form of performance, but also a way for the Achang people to express their emotions. When dancing, the Achang people wear their most magnificent national costumes, holding various musical instruments and singing as they dance.

During the New Year, the Achang people also eat New Year’s Eve meals. This is the most abundant meal that the Achang people eat throughout the year. The New Year’s Eve meal includes various delicacies that the Achang people enjoy, such as pork, chicken, and fish. In addition to the delicacies, the New Year’s Eve meal also includes gods and ancestors that the Achang people worship.

In short, the Achang New Year is a joyful and mysterious festival that represents the awe and gratitude of the Achang people for nature and showcases the charm and characteristics of Achang culture.

Local Activities of the Guoxinnian (New Year) Festival

1. Preparation and Cleaning: In the days leading up to the festival, families engage in thorough cleaning of their homes to sweep away bad luck and make room for good fortune. Decorations, often in red (a color symbolizing good luck), are put up around the house.
2. Ritual Ceremonies: The festival begins with ritual ceremonies that may include offerings to ancestors and deities to seek blessings for the upcoming year. This often involves setting up an altar with food, incense, and symbolic items that represent prosperity and health.
3. Family Reunions: The Guoxinnian Festival is a crucial time for family gatherings, where relatives come together to celebrate and share meals. Family members often travel from far and wide to reunite, strengthening familial bonds.
4. Traditional Meals: Food plays a central role in the festival. Families prepare a variety of traditional dishes, often including rice, meats, and special delicacies specific to Achang culture. Some dishes are prepared with symbolic meanings, such as ensuring abundance and good luck.
5. Cultural Performances: Traditional music and dance performances are a highlight of the festival. The Achang people may perform local folk songs and dances that feature vibrant costumes and rhythmic movements, celebrating their cultural heritage.
6. Games and Competitions: Various traditional games and competitions are organized during the festival, providing entertainment and encouraging community participation. These may include traditional sports and contests that highlight local skills and talents.
7. Storytelling and Oral Traditions: Elders share stories and legends that encapsulate Achang history and cultural values. These storytelling sessions are important for preserving the community’s traditions and passing knowledge to younger generations.
8. Visiting Neighbors and Friends: It is customary to visit neighbors and friends during the festival, exchanging greetings and gifts. This practice promotes goodwill and strengthens community ties.
9. Cultural Exhibitions: Some celebrations may include exhibitions of traditional crafts, such as weaving, embroidery, and pottery. This allows artisans to showcase their skills and contributes to the preservation of Achang craftsmanship.
10. Environmental Activities: As part of the celebrations, community activities such as planting trees or participating in environmentally friendly initiatives may take place, reflecting the Achang people’s respect for nature and commitment to sustainability.

Introduction of The Festival

• Chinese Name: 阿昌族换黄单节
• English Name:  Huanhuangdan Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority

Ah Chang New Year Festival is one of the grandest and most lively traditional festivals celebrated by the Ah Chang people, also known as the “New Year of the Ah Chang People.” This festival is typically held from the 9th day to the 15th day of the 9th month of the lunar calendar, celebrating the Ah Chang traditional new year.

During the Ah Chang New Year Festival, Ah Chang people engage in various activities to celebrate the arrival of the new year. The most important activity is the sacrifice to the autumn god. This sacrifice is a must-attend event during the Ah Chang New Year, representing the Ah Chang people’s awe and gratitude for nature. In addition to the sacrifice to the autumn god, Ah Chang people also engage in other celebration activities, such as swinging, dancing, singing, playing shuttlecock, and eating New Year’s Eve meals.

Swinging is one of the most popular activities during the Ah Chang New Year Festival. The swing is made of a sturdy wooden pole with two seats on either side. Young people sit on the swing and are pushed by others, and the height of the swing depends on the strength of the push. Swinging is not only a recreational activity; in Ah Chang culture, it also symbolizes love between young men and women.

Dancing is an essential activity during the Ah Chang New Year Festival. Ah Chang people have a wide variety of dances, including elephant-foot dance, peacock dance, and knife dance. These dances are not only performances but also a way for Ah Chang people to express their emotions. When dancing, Ah Chang people wear their most magnificent traditional costumes, holding various musical instruments and singing as they dance.

During the New Year, Ah Chang people also eat New Year’s Eve meals. This meal is the most sumptuous of the year for Ah Chang people. The New Year’s Eve meal includes various delicacies that Ah Chang people enjoy, such as pork, chicken, and fish. In addition to the delicacies, the meal also includes gods and ancestors whom Ah Chang people worship.

In conclusion, the Ah Chang New Year Festival is a joyous and mysterious holiday that not only represents the Ah Chang people’s awe and gratitude for nature but also showcases the charm and characteristics of Ah Chang culture.

Key Activities of the Huanhuangdan Festival:

1. Preparation and Rituals:
   • Prior to the festival, families engage in various preparations, including cleaning their homes and preparing special foods. Rituals performed to honor ancestors and deities are also a significant part of the lead-up to the festival, reflecting respect for traditions.
2. Traditional Clothing:
   • During the festival, members of the Achang community dress in traditional clothing, showcasing their cultural heritage. This attire often features vibrant colors and intricate designs, enhancing the festive atmosphere.
3. Cultural Performances:
   • The festival is marked by various performances that include traditional songs, dances, and dramas. These performances often depict folk tales and historical stories of the Achang people, and they are a way of passing down cultural traditions to younger generations.
4. Feasting:
   • Food plays a central role in the Huanhuangdan Festival. Families prepare a variety of traditional dishes, often featuring rice, vegetables, meats, and locally sourced ingredients. Community feasts may be organized where people come together to share meals, reinforcing bonds within the community.
5. Dragon and Lion Dances:
   • Cultural performances may include dragon and lion dances. These lively displays are believed to bring good luck and ward off evil spirits. The vibrant costumes and rhythmic movements contribute to the joyous ambiance of the festival.
6. Games and Competitions:
   • Various traditional games and competitions are held during the festival. These can include athletic contests, folk games, and local sports, providing entertainment and an opportunity for community engagement.
7. Ceremonial Offerings:
   • Community rituals often involve making offerings to ancestors and deities, seeking blessings for prosperity and good fortune. This may include the burning of incense and the presentation of symbolic items.
8. Community Gathering:
   • The Huanhuangdan Festival serves as a significant occasion for family and community reunions. People often return home from distant places to celebrate together, thus strengthening familial ties and fostering a sense of belonging.

Overview 

• Chinese Name:阿昌族火把节
• English Name:  Torch Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority

The Torch Festival is a key cultural celebration for the Achang ethnic minority. This vibrant festival, celebrated on the 24th day of the sixth lunar month, is rich in tradition and community spirit. It combines elements of mythology, agriculture, and local customs, making it a significant event in the Achang cultural calendar.

The Torch Festival of the Achang ethnic minority is more than just a cultural event; it is a profound expression of community, spirituality, and heritage. Through its rich traditions and communal activities, the festival reinforces the Achang people’s cultural identity and serves as a vital link between generations, ensuring the preservation and continuation of their unique customs and traditions.

Origin

The origins of the Torch Festival among the Achang people can be traced back to ancient agricultural practices and rituals aimed at blessing the harvest. The festival is believed to have evolved from a fire-worshipping tradition, associated with agricultural fertility and the driving away of evil spirits. It symbolizes the triumph of light over darkness and is a time when communities come together to honor their ancestors while praying for a bountiful harvest and good fortune in the forthcoming agricultural season.

Significance

1. Cultural Identity: The Torch Festival is an essential expression of Achang cultural identity. It serves to strengthen community bonds and reinforce social values by bringing families and neighbors together to celebrate.
2. Agricultural Importance: Given the festival’s association with agriculture, it marks a time to celebrate the harvest and prepare for the agricultural cycles ahead. It is also seen as a way to seek blessings for favorable weather and abundant crops.
3. Spiritual Roots: The festival emphasizes spiritual beliefs, including honoring ancestors and seeking protection from evil spirits. The lighting of the torches signifies purification and the dispelling of negativity.

Local Activities

1. Lighting of Torches:
   • One of the most significant activities is the lighting of large torches made from bamboo, wood, and other natural materials. These torches are often adorned with colorful decorations. Once lit, they symbolize the driving away of darkness and evil spirits.
2. Traditional Performances:
   • The festival features various traditional music and dance performances, showcasing Achang folk songs and dances. Local artists perform cultural dances that often depict myths, legends, and everyday life, celebrating the community’s heritage.
3. Games and Competitions:
   • Numerous traditional games and athletic competitions are organized, including wrestling, tug-of-war, and other local sports. These activities foster camaraderie and friendly competition among participants.
4. Feasting:
   • Community feasts play a central role in the celebration. Families prepare and share traditional dishes, including rice, meat, vegetables, and other local delicacies. This communal sharing of food emphasizes unity among community members.
5. Rituals and Offerings:
   • Preceding the main festivities, rituals are performed to pay homage to ancestors and deities. Offerings of food, fruits, and incense may be made at sacred sites or family altars, seeking blessings for prosperity and protection.
6. Night Celebrations:
   • As night falls, the torchlight creates a vibrant atmosphere for social gatherings. People gather around bonfires, sharing stories, singing, and enjoying the camaraderie of the festival spirit.
7. Firework Displays:
   • Fireworks often cap off the evening celebrations, symbolizing joy and festivity. The bright lights and sounds add excitement to the already lively festivities.

Introduction of the Festival

• Chinese Name:阿昌族进洼节/开门节
• English Name:  Shaobaichai Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority

“Jinwa Festival” is a Chinese translation of the De’ang language, which means “Closing the Door Festival”. It is a festival celebrated by the Dai and De’ang ethnic groups in Yunnan Province, China, every year on the 15th day of the 9th month of the Dai calendar, lasting for three months. On the 14th day, early in the morning, young girls carry clean water to the Buddhist temple to bathe the Buddha. At midnight, the “Jinwa” begins, as the sound of drums is heard from the temple. Elders bring offerings such as incense, candles, rice, and flowers to the back of the Buddha’s statue to deposit them.

On the 15th day, a ceremony called “Danfo” is held, during which people offer food, flowers, and money to the Buddha, light incense and candles, and burn money and paper. From this day on, a small “Danfo” is held every seven days. On the eighth day of each household, food and drinks are brought to the Buddhist temple for sacrifice, and people listen to the Buddha’s lectures and pray for God’s blessing. In addition to being rich in religious significance, the Jinwa Festival is also held during the busy farming season to enable people to concentrate on productive labor. Therefore, marriage and love are prohibited during this period, and Buddhist monks and young monks are not allowed to stay in other villages.

Local Activities of the Shaobaichai Festival

1. Culinary Traditions:
   • A major highlight of the Shaobaichai Festival is the preparation and sharing of traditional dishes. Families come together to cook a variety of foods, with Shaobaichai (a local dish made with fermented vegetables, typically mustard greens), being the centerpiece. This dish symbolizes abundance and hospitality.
2. Decorating Houses:
   • In preparation for the festival, families often clean and decorate their homes. This includes putting up traditional ornaments, as well as displaying banners and symbols that represent good fortune and prosperity. This activity is meant to invite blessings and create a festive atmosphere.
3. Ritual Offerings:
   • Rituals play an important role during the Shaobaichai Festival. People make offerings to their ancestors at family altars, expressing gratitude and seeking blessings for health and prosperity. This may include fruits, incense, and food items.
4. Traditional Music and Dance:
   • The festival features performances of traditional Achang music and dance. Local musicians play traditional instruments, and dancers perform folk dances that highlight Achang history and stories. This aspect of the celebration helps preserve and promote the rich cultural heritage of the Achang people.
5. Games and Competitions:
   • The festival often includes various games and sports competitions that foster community engagement and camaraderie. These may include traditional sports, tug-of-war, and racing events, providing an opportunity for friendly rivalry and fun.
6. Community Gatherings:
   • Shaobaichai Festival brings the community together, encouraging social interactions among families and friends. People gather to enjoy food, participate in activities, and share in the joyous atmosphere of the festival.
7. Connecting with Nature:
   • Some celebratory practices may involve engaging with nature, such as gathering herbs, collecting wild plants, or participating in outdoor activities. These activities reflect the Achang people’s deep connection to their environment and the importance of agriculture in their lives.
8. Cultural Exhibitions:
   • There may also be cultural exhibitions or storytelling sessions held during the festival, where local elders share legends and tales that are significant to the Achang culture. This helps to pass down traditions and educate younger generations about their heritage.

Chinese Name:阿昌族出洼节/关门节
English Name:  Chuwa (Kaimen/Opening Door) Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority

The Chuwa Festival of the Achang people is held annually on the 15th day of the twelfth month of the Dai calendar. It signifies the departure of the Buddha from the temple and lasts for three days. As the harvest season ends and enters the agricultural off-season, restrictions on activities are lifted, allowing young people to freely enjoy themselves.

Day 1 (15th day): Unmarried young men in the village, adorned with flower paper and playing elephant-foot drums, parade around the village. Meanwhile, elders visit the temple to burn incense and retrieve offerings previously placed behind the Buddha’s statue during the Inwa Festival, symbolizing the Buddha’s departure from the temple.

Day 2 (16th day): The ceremony of the Buddha’s departure is held, where all unmarried young women visit the temple to pay homage to the Buddha.

Day 3 (17th day): Young men and women from each village gather to listen to the Buddha’s teachings. Afterwards, they celebrate with songs and dances, exchanging blessings and congratulations. From this day onward, young men and women are free to court and form romantic relationships, potentially leading to marriage.

The Festival of Emerging from the Lowlands, also known as the “Opening Door Festival,” marks the end of a year-long period of religious seclusion in which people follow strict rules and abstain from worldly pleasures. During this time, they focus on spiritual growth and renewal. The festival lasts for three days and is held to celebrate the harvest and the beginning of a new agricultural cycle.

On the 15th day of the festival, young unmarried men carrying colored paper and playing elephant-foot drums parade through the village, while elderly people visit the Buddhist temple to burn incense and offer sacrifices to the Buddha. This symbolizes the Buddha’s emergence from his seclusion.

On the 16th day, a ceremony is held to officially release the Buddha from his seclusion. All unmarried girls are required to visit the temple to pay their respects to the Buddha.

On the 17th day, young men and women from different villages gather to listen to a sermon by the local Buddhist monk. After the sermon, people celebrate by singing, dancing, and congratulating each other. From this day on, young people are free to pursue romantic relationships and form partnerships.

Introduction of the Festival

• Chinese Name:阿昌族进洼节/开门节
• English Name:  Jinwa (Guanmen/Closing Door) Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority

“Jinwa Festival” is a Chinese translation of the De’ang language, which means “Closing the Door Festival”. It is a festival celebrated by the Dai and De’ang ethnic groups in Yunnan Province, China, every year on the 15th day of the 9th month of the Dai calendar, lasting for three months.

On the 14th day, early in the morning, young girls carry clean water to the Buddhist temple to bathe the Buddha. At midnight, the “Jinwa” begins, as the sound of drums is heard from the temple. Elders bring offerings such as incense, candles, rice, and flowers to the back of the Buddha’s statue to deposit them. On the 15th day, a ceremony called “Danfo” is held, during which people offer food, flowers, and money to the Buddha, light incense and candles, and burn money and paper. From this day on, a small “Danfo” is held every seven days. On the eighth day of each household, food and drinks are brought to the Buddhist temple for sacrifice, and people listen to the Buddha’s lectures and pray for God’s blessing.

In addition to being rich in religious significance, the Jinwa Festival is also held during the busy farming season to enable people to concentrate on productive labor. Therefore, marriage and love are prohibited during this period, and Buddhist monks and young monks are not allowed to stay in other villages.

Local Activities of the Jinwa (Guanmen/Closing Door) Festival

1. Ritual Offerings:
   • The Jinwa Festival begins with ritual offerings to ancestors and deities. Families prepare food, incense, and symbolic items at home altars or at local temples to express gratitude and seek blessings for the coming year. This practice underscores the community’s respect for their ancestors and spiritual beliefs.
2. Culinary Preparations:
   • Just as in many festivals, food plays a central role during the Jinwa Festival. Families prepare traditional dishes, often featuring local ingredients. The cooking process brings family members together, highlighting cooperation and communal bonds. Special foods may include rice cakes and preserved meats, symbolizing abundance and good fortune.
3. Closing Doors Ceremony:
   • The name “Closing Door” comes from a specific ritual where families symbolically “close” their doors to evil spirits and negative influences as the year comes to an end. This can involve simple practices like locking doors at sunset and performing prayers or chants to invite protective blessings for the household.
4. Cultural Performances:
   • The festival often features traditional music and dance performances, showcasing the rich cultural heritage of the Achang people. Local musicians may play traditional instruments, while community members participate in vibrant dance routines that often depict historical tales and local legends.
5. Community Gatherings:
   • The Jinwa Festival serves as an opportunity for community bonding. People come together to celebrate, share food, and enjoy each other’s company. These gatherings foster social cohesion and are crucial for maintaining relationships within the community.
6. Games and Competitions:
   • Various traditional games and physical competitions are organized during the festival. These may include tug-of-war, races, and other local sports that promote teamwork and community spirit. Such activities also allow for friendly competition among villagers.
7. Planting Seeds:
   • A unique aspect of the Jinwa Festival may include symbolic acts related to agriculture, such as planting seeds or preparing the fields for the next growing season. This practice emphasizes the connection between the community’s agricultural lifestyle and their spiritual beliefs, reinforcing the idea of renewal and hope.
8. Storytelling and Oral Traditions:
   • Elders in the community may take the opportunity to tell stories or recite legends that are significant to the Achang culture. Such storytelling sessions not only entertain but also serve to educate younger generations about their history, cultural values, and life lessons.
9. Closing the Year:
   • The festival represents the closing of a year and the opening of a new one, both literally and metaphorically. Communities hold discussions or reflective activities about the past year, sharing successes and challenges while planning for the future.

Introduction of the Festival

• Chinese Name:阿昌族赶摆
• English Name: Ganbai Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority

Achang Ethnic People’s religious festival, also known as the “Bazzar Festival,” is typically held once a year, but can sometimes be held every three or four years. The festival lasts for three days, usually in the eighth or ninth month of the lunar calendar. The Achang Ethnic People believe in Theravada Buddhism, so the Bazzar Festival is similar in content and form to the Dai People’s New Year Festival. The Achang Ethnic People believe that the Bazzar Festival can bring prosperity and peace to their village, and that participating in the festival is a virtuous act that will bring good fortune in the afterlife.

In preparation for the festival, people need to prepare a large amount of pork, rice, oil, paper, incense, and seven statues of Buddha. During the festival, the host village receives a large number of guests who must be treated hospitably and provided with food and accommodation. For the three days of the festival, people eat and drink at the Bazzar Festival site, resulting in a huge expense. As a result, this custom is now less common.

On the first day of the festival, people beat drums and gongs to welcome the Buddha to the temple. Once the Buddha arrives, people offer sacrifices and then spend the night celebrating. The next day is the most lively day of the festival. In the morning, people worship the Buddha and listen to the Buddha’s sermon. After breakfast, the festival begins with a parade around the village. The parade is led by several young girls carrying offerings, followed by several statues of Buddha, and a few people throwing rice flowers and setting off firecrackers. The parade continues until the afternoon. After dinner, people celebrate as usual.

On the third day of the festival, the atmosphere begins to wind down as people from outside the village begin to leave. The villagers gather in the square and erect a tall pole with flags and streamers, believing that the pole can guide people to their place in heaven. Finally, everyone gathers together for a big meal, marking the end of the Bazzar Festival.

Origin of the Ganbai Festival

The Ganbai Festival has its roots in the agricultural practices of the Achang people and is linked to ancestral worship and the celebration of harvest. The name “Ganbai” translates to “Feasting on Rice,” which encapsulates the essence of the festival as a time for expressing gratitude for a bountiful harvest. Traditionally, the festival has served as a way for communities to honor their ancestors and the spirits of nature that are believed to bring fertility and abundance to the land.

Significance of the Ganbai Festival

1. Agricultural Gratitude:
   • The Ganbai Festival is primarily a celebration of the harvest, allowing the Achang people to express their gratitude for the crops gathered over the year. It reflects the deep connection between the people and their agricultural practices.
2. Cultural Identity:
   • The festival plays a key role in preserving and promoting the cultural traditions and identity of the Achang ethnic minority. It is a time for family gatherings, cultural performances, and communal rituals that reinforce a sense of belonging.
3. Community Bonding:
   • The festival strengthens social ties among community members as they come together to participate in various activities. It fosters cooperation and solidarity, contributing to the overall well-being of the community.
4. Ancestral Respect:
   • The Ganbai Festival often includes rituals that honor ancestors, reflecting the importance of ancestry and lineage in Achang culture. These practices help maintain connections with past generations.

Local Activities of the Ganbai Festival

1. Feasting and Culinary Preparations:
   • A central aspect of the Ganbai Festival is the preparation and sharing of traditional foods. Families cook a variety of dishes using freshly harvested ingredients. A special focus is placed on rice dishes, symbolizing abundance and unity. The communal feasting serves to strengthen social bonds.
2. Ritual Offerings:
   • Families create altars adorned with offerings to honor their ancestors and deities. This may include food, incense, and decorative items. Rituals are performed to seek blessings for health, prosperity, and protection.
3. Traditional Music and Dance:
   • Cultural performances are a highlight of the festival, showcasing Achang music, dance, and folklore. Local musicians play traditional instruments, while dancers perform intricate folk dances that often depict historical narratives or themes from nature.
4. Games and Competitions:
   • Various traditional games and competitions are held during the Ganbai Festival. Activities like tug-of-war, races, and other group-oriented games encourage participation and foster a sense of community spirit.
5. Community Gatherings:
   • The festival provides an opportunity for members of the Achang community to come together, socialize, and share stories. People exchange greetings and well-wishes, reinforcing relationships and promoting a sense of belonging.
6. Cultural Exhibitions:
   • Educational events or exhibitions may take place, showcasing Achang crafts, traditional clothing, and artworks. These activities help promote cultural heritage and provide younger generations with insight into their history.
7. Rituals of Abundance:
   • Some rituals performed during the Ganbai Festival may include symbolic planting or scattering of seeds, expressing a desire for future fertility and prosperity. This act reinforces the connection between the community and the land.
8. Ceremonial Activities:
   • Specific ceremonies may be performed to honor natural forces or spirits believed to influence agriculture. These involve chants, prayers, and sometimes animal sacrifices as offerings to ensure a favorable growing season ahead.

Conclusion

The Ganbai Festival is a vibrant celebration that encapsulates the rich cultural heritage, agricultural traditions, and communal spirit of the Achang ethnic minority. Through various activities such as feasting, rituals, music, dance, and games, the festival serves not only as a time of gratitude for the harvest but also as a significant occasion for reinforcing social ties and preserving cultural identity. The Ganbai Festival stands as a testament to the Achang people’s deep-rooted connection to their land and community.

Longchuan County Travel Guide

Things To Do

• Longchuan County Overview
• Longchuan County Attractions
• Longchuan County Tours
• Longchuan County Shopping
• Longchuan County Culture
• Festivals and Activities

Travel Information

• Longchuan County Travel Tips
• Longchuan County Climate
• Longchuan County Transportation
• Longchuan County Maps
• Longchuan County Photos
• Longchuan County Dining
• Longchuan County Accommodation
• Longchuan County Education
• Longchuan County Travel News
• Administrative Divisions

Create My Trip

You Might Like

• 11 Days Yunnan Spring Photograph Tour With Luoping Rapeseed Flowers, Bamei Village And Yuanyang Hani Rice Terrace Field
• 7 Days Thailand- China Porsche Self-driving Tour from Chiang Mai to Jinghong
• 10 Days Shangri-La Hiking Tour with Tiger Leaping Gorge and Niru Alpine Pasture
• 13 Days Yunnan Muslim Tour (Kunming-Jianshui-Yuanyang-Kunming-Dali-Lijiang-Shangri La)
• 20 Days West Yunnan and Three Parallel Rivers Overland Tour
• 10 Days Footsteps of Joseph Rock Hiking Tour from Shangri-La Niru Village to Daocheng Yading Nature Reserve
• 9 Days Vietnam-Yunnan(China) Overland Tour from Hanoi to Kunming
• 8 Days Best Yunnan Muslim Tour to Kunming, Dali, Lijiang and Shangri La

Longchuan County

Guanyin Temple in Longchuan County, Dehong

Chinese Name:陇川章风观音寺 English Name: Guanyin Temple in Longchuan County, Dehong  Guanyin (Goddess of Mercy) Temple is situated in the middle of Laozhai Village in the west of Zhangfeng Township,...

Attractions    Veiw

• Dehong
• Longchuan County
• Temples in Dehong

Laying Village in Longchuan County, Dehong

Chinese Name:陇川章凤镇拉影村 English Name: Laying Village in Longchuan County, Dehong Plan your Dehong Ethnic Villages Tour to Dehong? Visit Laying Village in Longchuan County, Dehong which is one of the...

Attractions    Veiw

• Dehong
• Longchuan County

Mandong Village of Husa Town in Longchuan County, Dehong

Plan your Dehong Ethnic Villages Tour to Dehong? Visit Mandong Village of Husa Town in Longchuan County, Dehong which is one of the most fascinating ethnic villages in Dehong....

Attractions    Veiw

• Dehong
• Longchuan County
• Traditional Ethnic Villages in Dehong

Manghai Village of Husa Town in Longchuan County, Dehong

Plan your Dehong Ethnic Villages Tour to Dehong? Visit Manghai Village of Husa Town in Longchuan County, Dehong which is one of the most fascinating ethnic villages in Dehong....

Attractions    Veiw

• Dehong
• Longchuan County
• Traditional Ethnic Villages in Dehong

New Rice Festival (Xinmijie) of Jingpo Ethnic Minority

Introduction of the Festival Chinese Name:景颇族新米节/尝新节 English Name:  New Rice Festival (Xinmijie) of Jingpo Ethnic Minority The New Rice Festival is an enjoyable celebration of harvest among the Jingpo...

Ethnic Minority Festivals    Veiw

• Dehong
• Festivals of Jingpo Ethnic Minority
• Jingpo Ethnic Minority
• Longchuan County
• Mangshi
• Ruili

Guoxinnian (New Year) Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority

Introduction of the Festival Chinese Name:阿昌族过新年 English Name:  Guoxinnian (New Year) Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority The New Year of the Achang ethnic group is the most important and lively...

Achang Ethnic Minority    Veiw

• Dehong
• Festivals of Achang Ethnic Minority
• Lianghe County
• Longchuan County

Huanhuangdan Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority

Introduction of The Festival Chinese Name: 阿昌族换黄单节 English Name:  Huanhuangdan Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority Ah Chang New Year Festival is one of the grandest and most lively traditional festivals...

Achang Ethnic Minority    Veiw

• Achang Ethnic Minority
• Dehong
• Festivals of Achang Ethnic Minority
• Lianghe County
• Longchuan County

Torch Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority

Overview  Chinese Name:阿昌族火把节 English Name:  Torch Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority The Torch Festival is a key cultural celebration for the Achang ethnic minority. This vibrant festival, celebrated on...

Achang Ethnic Minority    Veiw

• Achang Ethnic Minority
• Dehong
• Festivals of Achang Ethnic Minority
• Longchuan County

Shaobaichai Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority

Introduction of the Festival Chinese Name:阿昌族进洼节/开门节 English Name:  Shaobaichai Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority “Jinwa Festival” is a Chinese translation of the De’ang language, which means “Closing the Door...

Achang Ethnic Minority    Veiw

• Achang Ethnic Minority
• Dehong
• Festivals of Achang Ethnic Minority
• Lianghe County
• Longchuan County

Chuwa (Kaimen/Opening Door) Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority

Chinese Name:阿昌族出洼节/关门节 English Name:  Chuwa (Kaimen/Opening Door) Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority The Chuwa Festival of the Achang people is held annually on the 15th day of the twelfth month...

Achang Ethnic Minority    Veiw

• Achang Ethnic Minority
• Dehong
• Festivals of Achang Ethnic Minority
• Lianghe County
• Longchuan County
• Yingjiang County

Jinwa (Guanmen/Closing Door) Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority

Introduction of the Festival Chinese Name:阿昌族进洼节/开门节 English Name:  Jinwa (Guanmen/Closing Door) Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority “Jinwa Festival” is a Chinese translation of the De’ang language, which means “Closi...

Achang Ethnic Minority    Veiw

• Dehong
• Festivals of Achang Ethnic Minority
• Lianghe County
• Longchuan County

Ganbai Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority

Introduction of the Festival Chinese Name:阿昌族赶摆 English Name: Ganbai Festival of Achang Ethnic Minority Achang Ethnic People’s religious festival, also known as the “Bazzar Festival,” is typically held once a...

Achang Ethnic Minority    Veiw

• Achang Ethnic Minority
• Baoshan
• Dali
• Dehong
• Festivals of Achang Ethnic Minority
• Lianghe County
• Longchuan County
• Longling County
• Mangshi
• Ruili
• Yingjiang County
• Yunlong County