Introduction 

Kunming Zoo, also called Yuantong Mountain Zoo, located in the Yuantong Mountain, northern section of Qingnian Road, northeast of Kunming city. Founded in 1953, with about 200 kinds of Yunnan specialty animals and rare animals in the world, Kunming zoo is one of the national top ten zoos and seven major zoos in China. As one of the eight scenes of Kunming, Yuantong Mountain is a willow leaf that is long and narrow. It covers a total area of 26 hectares and presents the most abundant and the most visited park in Kunming. The annual visitor even has reached 3 million people. The most attractive things are flower boom, animal and temple. Yuantong flower boom is regard as the most especial activity and is listed as one of the famous spots to appreciate sakura in China.

Environment of Kunming Zoo

Kunming zoo lies in the urban area, but it is really a natural wonderland. Picturesque rocks and verdant trees are well designed from a delightful contrast. At present, the green area surpasses 70%. With infrequent flowers and trees, Kunming zoo can be divided into four flower areas. We can appreciate elegant lotus in the summer days, admiring the golden chrysanthemum and fragrant osmanthus in autumn and enjoying the wintersweet, camellias, and magnolia bloom. The most impressed area is the spring flower area. It is located in the north of the slope and planted thousands of cherry blossoms, Malus spectabilis. It’s a great pleasure to appreciate the landscape of cherry trees in lovely spring. What’s more, the forest flowers exhibition area are divided into Japanese cherry, midget crabapple, osmanthus fragrans, plum and flowering peach area. Especially for the boom of cherry and midget crabapple which seems like the rosy clouds. It is the most popular scene that named “Yuantong flower boom” in the zoo.

Main Attractions in Kunming Zoo

Yuantong Flower Boom: Cherry blossoms and crabapple trees areas are 100 meters long and 200 meters wide at the center of Kunming Zoo. It mainly grows Yunnan cherry, Japanese cherry and Chinese flowering quince. In the lovely spring, thousands of flowers blossom together just like the rosy clouds formed into delightful scenery called “Luofeng Cherry Boom”. People listed it into one of the Kunming sixteen attractive scenes called “Yuantong Flower Boom”.

The animal exhibit area: It is next to the cherry blossom area. It was built in 1953 and at that time only 7 animals of six species displayed and it jumped to 2634 animals of 228 species. There are macrofauna area, meiofauna area, songbird area and Waterfowl area. Not only contains the Yunnan rare animals such as Xishuangbanna elephants, buffalo, brown hornbill and Mengla tiger, black tailed python, but also have domestic rare animals like golden monkey, tiger, gyps himalayensis; as well as foreign animals such as red kangaroo, emu and African zebra.

Macrofauna area: It is centered in the East and north of the Luofeng Mountain. By the end of January 13, 2017, there lives the major macrofauna animals as follows: Xishuangbanna Buffalo, Asian elephant, Bengal tiger, the Siberian tiger, African lion, African zebra, chimpanzee, bactrian camel, giraffe, ostrich, emu, Oryx, yak, black bear, sun bear, Tibetan brown bear etc.. . Panda was also on display here in the past.

Meiofauna area: In the southeast of the park, you can see the following meiofauna animals: Francois’s monkey, black gibbon, lesser panda, Assamese macaque, patas monkey, rhesus, Yunnan snub-nosed monkey, white-checked gibbon, red kangaroo, raccoon and thin Tail Mongoose, auricle fox, porcupine, wild boar, wolf, jackal, and Himalayan vulture.

Songbird area: In the west of the macrofauna area, within the cherry blossom and Begonia areas are Songbird area. There displays peacock, parrots, cassowary, grackle, oriole, hornbill, adjutant bird, Marabou, flamingo etc…

Waterfowl area: In the east of small animal area, people take advantage of mountain and rock built a water area. The main waterfowl here is mandarin ducks, wild ducks, black swans, white swans, warts, nose swans and so on.
What’s more, in the east of songbird area, there is a snake park (it costs 10RMB as ticket), and the main exhibition of snakes: cobra, coral snake, green bamboo snake, welding head snake, black-tailed python, monitor, estuarine crocodile, Chinese alligator, macaw etc…

Aquarium: In April 1994, the Dalian Green (Group) company invested 5 million 800 thousand yuan in Kunming zoo to build the first aquarium in the southwest area. It covers an area of 1886 square meters and opened in April 1995. There displayed fish, penguins and other special animals over 100 kinds, and you can find seal performance here.

Peacock Garden: From May 1998 to January 1999, on the basis of the tea garden, Peacock Garden was built with an area of 1.4 hectares. It was officially opened in February 1999. Visitors could directly go into the garden to see the peacock. Initially there keeps Green Peacock 30, blue peacock 56 and white peacock 25. It’s an effective attempt to reform animal breed ways.

Historic Sites of Kunming Zoo

1. The Ming Dynasty city wall stump: at the northeast of Yuantong Mountain, there stands the city wall stump which built in the Hongwu fifteen years (1382). In 1961, Kunming people’s Committee listed it as the Kunming municipal cultural relic’s protection units. The existing wall stump has the length of 44 meters and it is the remains of Yunnan old city in six hundred years ago and the precious materials to explore the history of Kunming.
2. The Tomb of Tang Jiyao: in 1931, the tomb of Tang Jiyao was built by the Yunnan provincial government. It is the historical and cultural sites under government protection in the Yunnan province. This tomb was built by dome shaped stone in 5.8 meters high and 18 meters in diameter. Before the tomb line, there are Stone gate, stone lion and stone marker. Sun Yat-sen and Li Yuanhong decorated inscriptions on both sides in order to commemorate him. However, the tomb of Tang jiyao was partially damaged during the Great Cultural Revolution.

Nearby Attraction

Yuantong Temple: Yuantong Temple is one of the oldest Buddhist monasteries in Kunming with a history of more than 1200 years. It is also the largest temple in Kunming. Yuantong temple sites have tall spectacular Yuantong Shengjingfang, Yuantong Palace, Octagonal Pavilion and at present the only one Theravada Buddhism of the China mainland—copper buddist hall. The copper Buddha sitting statue inside the hall (3.5 meters high, weighing 4 tons) and Yuantong Palace Sakyamuni statue are in different shapes and show the differences between the two sect of Buddhism. Yuantong Temple looks magnificent, towering and the Buddha is solemn, pavilions are unique, trees are green, attracts generations of poets and painters left many praise verse here, and it has been one of the eight sights of Kunming. Now, after reparation, it shows more its elegant appearance, like a beautiful garden in regions south of the Yangtze River.

How to Get there?

By Bus

Take bus No.4 to the Yuantongshan station

By Taxi

It costs 15 RMB by taking a taxi from downtown of Kunming.

Travel Tips

1. Be careful if you want to be photographed with a tiger or other wild animal because a camera flash may startle the animal.
2. Pay attention to the perform time,if you want to watch the elephant s’ performing (they are tortured in order to perform for you).

Nuodeng Ancient Town

Nuodeng, a thousand-years town, a famous historic and cultural village of Yunnan province. Located in mountainous area, it is far away from the hustle and bustle of metropolis. It is the true place with original flavor of life. Except for the profound history, Nuodeng is the important place of Ancient Salt and Horse Road. Salt is the key point of Nuodeng Ancient Town. Walk in the Nuodeng Ancient Town and view the busy Ancient Salt and Horse Road.

Why is Nuodeng Ancient Town so special?

Nuodeng is one of oldest and traditional village of Yunnan, which is the oldest famous economic town of Bai ethnic group amassing most of ancient buildings and cultural relics of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Nowadays, Nuodeng Village still owes more than one hundred local-style dwelling houses and yards, which are at the foot of a hill and beside a stream with flexible shapes and elegant styles. It is one of the top ten tourism town, also one of the five salt wells.

Where is Nuodeng Ancient Town?

Nuodeng Town of Yunlong county lies to the rendezvous place of the world natural legacy—Three Rivers, which is a place of interest. It is about 7 km northwest of Yunlong and 160 kilometers from Dali city in the east.

How to Get to Nuodeng Ancient Town?

Nuodeng is loacted in rural area, so it is not so convenient to transfer in Nuodeng. Travelers had better drive to Nuodeng since there is many public bues.

History

Nuodeng, a famous historic and cultural village of Yunnan province. As early as in 110 AD in the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wudi set up Bisu County at this place, where there was a fine salt well and people began to develop it. During Nanzhao Kingdom, the history of ethnic groups records something about Nuodeng well. In Ming Dynasty, One of Four Institutions of Yunnan especially in charge of the tax revenue imposed on “Five Salt Wells ” was established in Nuodeng. Finally, Nuodeng , became the center of the Ancient Salt and Tea Road, with Dali in the east, Baoshan in the south, Tengchong and Burman in the west, Lijiang and Tibet in the north.

Main Attractions

Nuodeng Town boomed and played an important role in economy of Dali because of the salt industry. Local people lived on production of salt. There are a lot of temple buildings such as Yuhuangge Pavilion, Wen Temple, Wu Temple, Longwang Temple, Squared Gate built in Ming and Qin Dynasties. The sites of salt well, salt bureau, salt institution and the old post road, streets and the Ancient Salt and Horse Road can easily be seen. All of these are living materials to show the prosperity of salt economy and the development of culture. It has also demonstrated that the main culture, policy, economy of the Chinese nation always can be unified and traced to the same origin with Yunnan, a multi-national border province of China.

You’ll hear much of the‘thousand—year—old village’ around these parts, and it refers to this lovely anachronistic hamlet with one of the highest concentrations of Bai in Yunnan. Nuodeng is unquestionably the highlight to any visit to the area.

Entering the village from Yunlong, you cross the river and hit tile first of the town’s many salt wells. Grubby today, perhaps, but it was once the lifeblood of dynastic ambition. Ascending from here you start into your own personal architectural tour. The paths narrow and lead into a wondrous labyrinth of more than 100 ancient dwellings. You’ll likely be invited in to nose around a few places, just remember to be polite and not get too animated with the camera.

Recommended Tours

26 Days Grand Yunnan Ethnic Minority Discovery

Best Time to Visit

March to April is the best time to visit Nuodeng. There are many festivals and activities of Bai nationality during March and April, traveling in March and April, people will experience the rich local folk customs.

Useful Travel Tips

1.A lot of festivals and events of Bai nationality focused on March to April each year, travel at this time you will feel rich ethnic customs.

2.When the weather is fine in Nuodeng, the sunshine is heated, and ultraviolet light is strong. People should avoid direct sunlight, and the sun hat preparation is required during outdoor activities, a pair of sunglasses will make you comfortable in the trip.

3.Respect local custom of ethnic minority.

4.You’ll likely be invited in to nose around a few places, just remember to be polite and not get too animated with the camera.

Shibao Mountain

How to Get to Shibao Mountain?

History

Shibao Mountain enjoys the long and profound history and diverse history sites.Temples and monasteries were built in Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. Baoxiang Temple has a history of over 800 years. Shizhong Mountain Grottoes enjoys the history of 1100 years, offering the materials for studying on Nanzhao Kingdom and Dali Kingdom. It has high value in terms of historical relic and sculptural art.

Main Attractions in Shibao Mountain

Shibao Mountain scenic region is consists of the Shizhong Temple, the Baoxiang Temple and Haiyunju County. One hundred and thirty-nine statues of Buddha in 16 grottoes are scattered throughout Shizhong Temple, and Shiziguan and Shadengqing of the Shizhong Temple section. The Baoxiang Temple section is the most scenic attraction of Shibao Hills.Thousands of stone steps ascend to the Cascade, Stone Tower, Sky Ladder, and Ancient Bridge, halls and pavilions. The gate of the Shibao Hills is in the Haiyunju section.

▪ The Baoxiang Temple Ancient Architectural Cluster（宝相寺古建筑群）

With the title of ‘Yunnan hanging Temple’, was constructed in the Yuan dynasty (around 1291 A.D.). This cluster is made up of the Baoxiang Temple, the Tongming Pavilion, Linqun’an and the Jingding Temple. For a long time, the eight scenic spots in Baoxiang Temple touched the hearts of many literary people, who sang its praises. The landscape here is some of the most beautiful in the entire scenic area. It attracts flocks of wild monkeys that have taken up residence there. “Playing with the monkeys” in Baoxiang Temple can be one of the most interesting and fun activities in your tour.

▪ The Haiyunju Ancient Architectural Cluster（海云居古建筑群）

Haiyunju is regarded as a very tranquil place resting at the entrance of the mountain gate. It was constructed at the end of Ming dynasty (around 1684 A.D.) the temple is hidden in the dense pine trees, and the old cypress trees kiss the sky. Some monks’ cemetery pagodas stand solemnly against the white wall of the temple. It’s the best place to spend your leisure time. The clusters were divided into two courtyards and three departments, but linked with each other tightly. Those made the building look simple but tidy and strong. It’s full of examples of the ancient Bai craftsmen’s high level of skill and talent.

From the old time to now, Shibao Mountain has attracted many visitors, including the Great Chinese Travelers, Xuxiake of the Ming dynasty, the famous scholars, Yang shen’san and Li yuanyang, and also the high ranking monks Dandang and Dachu. In order to show their admiration for the famous Nountain, some of them wrote down the beautiful poems to praise Shibaoshan Mountain, which added luster to its fame.

▪ Shizhong Mountain Grottoes(石钟山石窟）

Shibao Mountain is well known not only for its breathtaking landscape, but also for its marvelous grottoes. The Shizhongshan Grottoes, known as ‘the gem of the south in Yunnan’, were created by the ancient Bai People in the historical period of the Tang and Song dynasties. So far, a total of 16 caves and 139 sculptural images have been found.There are works made in both the Nanzhao Dynasty and in the Kingdom of Dali. A wide range of subject matters are featured in the Shizhongshan Grottoes, including Buddhist figures, political life of the Nanzhao Dynasty, religious beliefs of the Kingdom of Dali and images of people from other countries in Asia.

The artistic representation of the stone carvings is extremely creative. Under the precondition of not going against religious doctrines, the ancient sculptors tried everything to create the human-based images to artistic perfection, so as to present vividness via images and to influence all people in the mortal world. Bearing distinctive national characteristics and artistic vitality, the lifelike sculptures are not only treasures of Chinese stone carving art, but also the invaluable wealth of the Buddhist art.

Recommended Tours

1 Day Dali to Lijiang Tour with Shaxi Old Town and Shibaoshan Mountain

1 Day Shaxi Old Town and Shibaoshan Mountain Tour from Lijiang

2 Days Shaxi Old Town and Shibaoshan Mountain Tour from Dali to Lijiang

Best Time to Visit Shibao Mountain

The optimal season to visit the Shibao Hills is the end of the 7th month and the beginning of the 8th month of the lunar calendar. There is a traditional singing and dancing jamboree held each year, which never fails to enchant visitors.

Nearby Attractions

▪ Shaxi Old Town

Shaxi Old Town is a stopover site on the Tea Horse Road with attractive and spectacularly preserved ancient architectures, ancient stage and ancient streets.

Useful Travel Tips

Shibao Mountain Song Festival (石宝山歌会)

Shibao Mountain Song Festival is a grand traditional ethnic festival of Bai Minority. The fesitival starts from the 26^th day of the seventh lunar month and ends at the first day of the eighth lunar month.

 

During the festival, the Bai people from Jianchuan Eryuan, Lijiang, Dali, Lanpin and other places, will come wearing national costumes. The song festival is the grand gathering of Bai people to express feelings and also a communication of poetry art and the bridge of inheriting folk literature and art. Shibaoshan Bai song has been listed in international list of national songs.

 

Donglianhua Village is a village of Hui ethnic minority. It is one of the Muslim communities with the most traditional Hui culture in the Weishan County, enjoying the most quaint folk customs, the most colorful folk customs and the richest traditional culture. The whole village offers a flat terrain and convenient transportation. Its foundation can be trace back to early Ming Dynasty. There is also an important bridge built on the Bonan Ancient Road(博南古道) in the Wanli Period of the Ming Dynasty – Yongji Bridge(永济桥), which preserves Zhaozhong Temple in the Qing Dynasty and Du Wenxiu Uprising Site, also the Cultural relics protection units such as the military field, Dadongmen, and the masses.

Why is Donglianhua Village so special?

Donglianhua Village was entitled as the Ecologic Muslim Traditional Culture Protection Area by Yunnan Province in 2017. It is an ancient village of early Ming Dynturrasty. It also enjoys many historical and cultural relics.

Where is Donglianhua Village?

Donglian Village is located in the northeast of Weishan County. It is the center of the dam in Yongjian Town, the first town of source of Honghe River, and the east of Zhangbao Village. It belongs to Yonghe Village Committee.

1.2 km away from Guanwei Highway in the east

25.5 km south of the county in the south

29.5 km north of Xiaguan in the north

How to get to Donglianhua Village?

From Dali, the best way to get to Donglianhua is to take a Weishan-bound bus from the Southwest Bus Station (西南汽车站) in Xiaguan (there is a bus every 10 minutes) to Dacang (大仓). From Weishan, take a green mini-van to Yongjian (永建).

Dacang and Yongjian are pretty much the same location : there are two big villages divided by the new road that links Weishan to Dali. Once in Dacang / Yongjian, try and find a horse-carriage. They are one of the mos popular means of transportation in the region. It should cost 5 yuan.

History

These villages were founded by Muslim soldiers from Central Asia sent to Yunnan by the first emperor of China’s Mongol dynasty of the Yuan(1271-1368). During the Ming and Qing dynasties, they became involved in trade as caravan leaders on the Ancient Tea and Horse Road (茶马古道). The courtyards and mansions of village of Donglianhua (东莲花) shows how successful these Chinese Muslims traders were.

The Muslims of Weishan (巍山) region in Yunnan (as well as other Chinese regions) belong to the Hui ethnic group (回族). The ancestry of the Hui varies. Some are the descendants of intermarriages between Muslim men of Middle-eastern or Central Asian origins and local women, others are the descendants of Han-Chinese who converted to Islam.

Dispatched by the Mongolian

During the 12th and 13th centuries, the Mongolians conquered most of Asia and parts of Eastern Europe. In China, they founded the short-lived Yuan dynasty (1271-1368) and anchored Yunnan into the Chinese empire, a thing that previous dynasties had not succeeded.

The first emperor of the Yuan dynasty appointed a man from Bukhara in Uzbekistan, Sayyed Ajjal Shams al-Din Omar (赛典赤·赡思丁), to become the governor of Yunann province. Sayyed Omar sent some of his armies from his homeland to the Weishan region where they founded three villages: Daweigeng (大围埂), Xiaoweigeng (小围埂) and Huihuideng (回辉登). They were advanced military outposts on the borderland.

Merging process during the Ming

These Central Asian Muslim soldiers, as they settled in the region, married local Yi women who converted to Islam. The community’s population grew and other villages were founded around the nucleus of Daweigeng, Xiaoweigeng and Huihuandeng. A descendant of Sayyed Ajjal Shams al-Din Oma founded the village of Donglianhua.

Under the Yuan dynasty, foreign religion prospered. However, after the Ming dynasty overthrew the Yuan, Islam was tolerated, but Muslim men were encouraged to intermarry with Han women and to integrate with Chinese society.

Built at the beginning of the Qing dynasty, the mosque of Donglianhua shows that from an architectural point of view Islam in China had gone through a process of sinicization. The minaret and the prayer hall have adopted Chinese architectural style of the time.

The crescent and star that top the mosque gate and the Chinese characters for mosque (清真寺 – Temple of the Pure Truth) are the only indicators that this building is actually a mosque.

Ancient Tea and Horse Road

Hui men became part of the Tea and Horse Road as caravan leaders. They were part of this multi-ethnic trade that linked Dai and Hani tea producers in Xishuangbanna (西双版纳), Han Chinese merchants and tea processors in Pu’er, Hui Muslim muleteers, and Tibetan people who were the end-users.

Hui muleteers lead up to 100 horses and transported tea, silks, sugar and other products on the Tea and Horse Road (茶马古道) with an average of 30 miles a day.

The Panthay rebellion led by Du Wenxiu (杜文秀) started just a few kilometers from Donglianghua, in Xiaoweigeng. This anti-Qing dynasty rebellion that shook Yunnan between 1856 and 1873 interrupted the Tea and Horse Road (茶马古道), but the Tibetan’s people craving for Pu’er tea was too strong.

Between the end of the Panthay rebellion and the beginning of WWII, some Hui caravan leaders and merchants had built up strong trade connections in Yunnan, Burma and India, and had also managed to amass an impressive wealth. In Donglianhua, the three Ma brothers, Ma Ruyi (马如骥), Ma Ruqi (马如骐) and Ma Ruqing (马如清) of Donglianhua are the embodiment of this success.

Courtyards and Mansions

The three most important are the Ma Ruji courtyard (马如骥大院) the Ma Ruqi courtyard (马如骐大院) and the Ma Ruqing courtyard (马如清大院). They were all built between the beginning of the 20th century when the Qing dynasty was on the verge to collapse and the Republican Era. Unfortunately, with the war creeping in and military official of the Guomindang (国民党)

Coincidentally, the most common Hui family name in the region is Ma (马), which also means ‘horse’ in Chinese and the name of these means is irremediably link to the horse. The first two names of this Ma clan Hui merchant, Ruji and Ruqi, means respectively ‘as[ 如] a fine horse [骥]’ and ‘as[ 如] a black stallion 骐’, while the last one means ‘as [如] purity [清]’.

One courtyard have been transformed into museums. Collectively own by the community of Donglianhua, it is open to the public. One other courtyard is a private residence and the last one also function as a restaurant.

Cultural and Historical Significance

• Ethnic Bai Heritage: Donglianhua Village is predominantly inhabited by the Bai ethnic group, known for their distinctive culture and architecture.
• Traditional Architecture: The village is renowned for its well-preserved Bai-style architecture, characterized by white walls, grey tile roofs, and intricately carved wooden doors and windows.
• Cultural Practices: Visitors can experience traditional Bai customs, such as local festivals, music, dance, and handicrafts.

What to See

The Donglianhua Village, lying in a green field, is surrounded by several green tiles, with different shapes and slightly vicissitudes. It is connected to the mosque and old courtyard with beautiful decoration and historical vicissitudes. The preserved Muslim ancient house has become an ancient village with a strong Muslim style and a harmonious blend of traditional Muslim culture and various ethnic cultures.

Because of the low terrain, abundant water and fertile land, it is suitable for planting lotus. The villagers often live on planting Lotus seedlings. There are lotus flower dotted with villages, hence the name Donglianhua Village.

Architecture Feature

There are 28 ancient dwellings in the village. The main buildings has an area of 5.5 hectares, of which Qing building covering an area of 10,064 square meters and the building of Republic of China covering 17,966 square meters. It is also the main core protection area of the village. The village enjoys the grand mosques, turrets and courtyards, deep courtyard, interconnected houses and yards, forming the perfect combination of earth and stone. The layout is unique in terms of lighting, heat insulation, drainage and defense. These architecture echo each other. Doors, windows, houses, wall and roofs are carved with dragons and dragons. They enjoys favorable wood carving, screen and exquisite stone carving in the yard. Each corner of the building shows different artistic charms. It embodies the harmonious integration of traditional Islamic culture with other national cultures.

Attractions and Activities

• Donglianhua Mosque: One of the highlights of Donglianhua Village is its mosque, which reflects the Muslim cultural presence in the region. The mosque is an architectural gem with historical significance, attracting visitors interested in cultural and religious heritage.
• Local Markets: Explore village markets where you can find traditional Bai handicrafts, local produce, and snacks.
• Scenic Walks: Enjoy leisurely walks through the village, admiring the peaceful surroundings and interacting with friendly locals.
• Photography Opportunities: Capture picturesque scenes of Bai architecture against the backdrop of rural landscapes.

Practical Tips for Visitors

• Getting There: From Dali City, you can reach Weishan County by bus or private transport. From Weishan County, local transportation options like taxis or hired vehicles can take you to Donglianhua Village.
• Accommodation: While Donglianhua Village itself may not have large hotels, nearby Weishan County offers a range of accommodations to suit different budgets and preferences.
• Respect Local Customs: When visiting the mosque or interacting with villagers, it’s important to dress modestly and respect local customs and traditions.
• Timing: Plan your visit to Donglianhua Village during daylight hours to fully appreciate its beauty and cultural offerings.

Recommended Tours

1 Day Weishan Snack Festival Tour

9 Days Yunnan Classic Tour with Muslim Culture Exploration

13 Days Yunnan Muslim Culture Discovery Tour

Nearby Attraction

Weishan Ancient Town

Weishan Ancient Town is located at the foot of Ailao Mountain. It is a historical and cultural city known as the cradle of Nanzhao Kingdom. First built in Yuan Dynasty, Weishan Ancient Town has been changed to the brick city and remained the style and features until today. As the place that carry out Tusi System for the longest time in Yunnan, the long history of Weishan breeds numerous temples, echoing with the natural landscape at the diatance.

Weibao Mountain

Weibao Mountain (巍宝山), also known as Weishan Mountain, is one of the birthplaces of the Nanzhao. In the past, he local Yi people held a temple fair in Weibao Mountain, which is the ancestral holy land of the Yi people. Today, Weibao Mountain enjoys the flourishing vegetation, towering trees and booming flowers. It is one of the famous Taoist mountains of China.

Useful Travel Tips

When the weather is fine in Dali, the sunshine is heated, and ultraviolet light is strong. People should avoid direct sunlight, and the sun hat preparation is required during outdoor activities, a pair of sunglasses will make you comfortable in the trip.

Respect local custom and local culture.

Why is Xiaocaoba Scenic Area So Special?

Xiaocaoba provincial scenic spot is a masterpiece of nature. Covering an area of 160 square km, the natural reserve densely covered by trees, which is known for its rich natural scenery including virgin forests, rivers, steep peaks, waterfalls and cascading waterfalls, ponds, stone forests and other landscapes as well as Miao and Yi ethnic customs. The vegetation coverage of this area reaches nearly 80%. It impresses visitors with its magnificence, miraculousness, serenity and elegance. High bio-diversity is another mighty appeal.

Where is Xiaocaoba Scenic Area – Location

Xiaocaobai, located on the northeast of Yiliang County in Yunnan Province, covers an area of 163 km2, and it is 32 km away from the county and 400 km from Kunming.

Natural Resources

According to statistics, there are at least 1,200 kinds of higher plants and more than 96 kinds of vertebrates, of which there are 29 kinds of endangered plants such as Davidia involucrate and Tetracentronsinense, 10 kinds of rare pants such as Chinese yew and basswood, and 16 kinds of state-protected rare animals such as black bear, macaque and golden pheasant.

Features of Xiaocaoba Scenic Area

Numerous peaks, deep valleys, mountain streams, waterfalls and cascading waterfalls and mist-covered scene constitute the miracle of Jiuzhaigou in Sichuan Province and graceful and restrained artistic conception of Zhangjiajie in Hunan Province. Appreciate the flowers in the Spring, and ten miles of flowery streams are extremely beautiful; view waterfalls in the Summer, waterfalls and cascading waterfalls make you linger; pick up red leaves in the Autumn, the forest of maple shows colorful scene; step on the snow in the Winter, and the rime scenery and silver thread are intoxicating. After a snowfall, Xiaocaoba scenic spot becomes a fairyland, presenting tourists with frozen waterfalls, snow-covered primitive forests and other picturesque landscapes. 

Every March 3 is the Huashan Festival(花山节) of Miao people and every June 24 is the Torch festival of Yi, when the minorities gather together singing and dancing to celebrate the festivals.

How to Get there

Tourists can take the regular bus from Yiliang to Xiaocaoba, and may also head from the Yiliang County via chartered bus. The road condition from Yiliang to Xiaocaoba is average, and there are quite a few curves.

Chinese Name: 陆良彩色沙林
English Name: Luliang Colored Sand Forest, Qujing

Luliang is famous for its rich colored Sand Forest. The International Sand Sculpture Festival is held at the end of March, right after the Chinese New Year, although accommodation is at a premium then. One of the delights of a visit to Luliang is the opportunity to admire, and buy sand art crafts. A sand painting is a distinctive object, based like so many things in the Boyi community, on century old traditions.

From the provincial capital Kunming, take the 324 national freeway and drive just 128 kilometers to reach the Luliang Sand Forest. The Sand Forest was formed thousands and thousands of years ago while this landscape used to be an ocean. The current attraction covers an area of about six square kilometers.

Unlike the common beach sand, the Luliang Sand Forest is a combination of sand and stone that cumulate as prominences and mounts. The glory of reflection from the sunshine reproduces a magnificent view of its distinctive character quite like the Stone Forest, but a finer version. The Colourful Sand Forest in Luliang is a national tourist resort at the AAAA level.

The Annual International Sand Sculpture Festival is held on March 8, and includes the International Sand Culture Research Forum; the Colorful Sand Forest Photograph Exhibition; Sand Sculpture Cup Volleyball Competition; Sand Sculpture Cup Calligraphy Competition; and Sand Sculpture Bowling Competition. This event is officially designated as one of the major occasions in the World Sand Sculpture Committee. The quality of sand is also well selected this year and the color range has been increased from choice of six to 12.

Vivid colored sand hills represent the outstanding quality of Luliang natural resource. This year, the sand sculpture festival committee allows the participants to use other techniques including light, sound, fire and smoke to express the greatness of art works. For instance, one of the statues contains a sound sensor that plays an introduction announcement when visitors appear. Another sculpture arranged lighting affects that reproduce the film scene of Harry Patter with the mysterious story.

The whole Sand Forest looks like a Y. It covers an area of about 6 kilometers. The main tinges here are yellow, white, red and grey. The Colourful Sand Forest came into being about 340 million years ago. It was a physiognomic wonder resulting from the gradual influence of the impacts of earthquakes, the ejection of the magma, the movement of the earth’s crust, and the erosion of the wind and rain. It is also a whole consisting of all kinds of sand posts, sand peaks and sand screens. In addition, engraving with sand will sure give you a different feeling.

In the Colourful Sand Forest, you can not only enjoy the beautiful natural sights, but also visit the basso-relievos representing the ancient Cuan culture, play with sand carvings and watch the performances of local folk customs.

How to get there
It is 143 kilometers from Kunming to the Colourful Sand Forest. You can take the passenger cars going to Shizong, Luoping and Xingyi and get off at the crossing of the Colourful Sand Forest. The price is 15 to 20 yuan per person. The crossing is still 2.5 kilometers away from the scenic spot, and you have to walk or hitchhike there.

Tips
Since the year 2001, the International Festival of Colourful Sand Carvings and the Contest of Sand Carving have been held for three years running in Luliang, and each has a unique topic. People show all kinds of historical stories and characters in the masterpieces through sand carvings. If you are interested, you can find a patch of sandlot and do the carvings yourself. The works of the sand carvings are usually exhibited from the April to the end of October each year.

Why is Puzhehei Scenic Area So Special?

Puzhehei in the Yi language means a pond teeming with fish and shrimp. There are more than 3,000 Yi people living there. Their traditional festivals are “Dragon Worship Festival祭龙节” and “Torch Festival”. As the typical karst landscape, Puzhehei scenic area is abound in green hills and clear waters, which are similar to Guilin. Therefore, Puzhehei is praised as a unique pastoral scene in China.

Features of Puzhehei Scenic Area

Wenshan Qiubei Puzhehei Scenic area is located in Qiubei County of Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. It is 13 kilometers away from the county seat. It is a national scenic area and a national AAAA level tourism area. The total area of the scenic area is 388 square kilometers, and the core scenic spot is 165 square kilometers, belonging to the karst area of southeastern Yunnan. As a typical karst landform, Puzhehei Scenic Area is famous for its six major landscapes “pastoral scene, lakes & mountains, Yi villages, karst wetland, lotus world and Migratory Bird Paradise”.

Karst caves are the main attractions in Puzhehei. At present, moon holes, torch cave, Guanyin cave and Xianrendong cave are open to tourists. There are many kinds of stalactites, as well as many myths and legends in these caves.

Where is Puzhehei Scenic Area?

The Puzhehei Scenic Area is 13 kilometers northwest of Qiubei County, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. It is a charming fairyland boasting beautiful karst landscapes, lakes and the unique cultures of the Zhuang, Miao, Yi and Bai ethnic groups.

Main Attractions in Puzhehei Scenic Area

1. Luoshuidong Lake落水洞湖

It is the first leg of the Puzhehei tour. Stretching 10 km from south to north, it is the deepest lake in the scenic area with an average depth of 4 meters, and the deepest point is 30 meters. Tourists can hear the Zhuang girls singing their love songs while sailing along with the current on the crystal water. The Yi, Sani and Miao live a peaceful life here.

2. Puzhehei Lake普者黑湖

Puzhehei Lake is a plateau freshwater lake, also known as Lantern Lake. Puzhehei is the transliteration of Yi language, meaning “a pond is full of fish and shrimp.” Local people also call it Pearl Lake. Lake is clear, in summer, boating in the lake, you can see 10,000 mu of lotus blooming, the scenery is amazing.

3. Qinglong Mountain青龙山

Qinglong Mountain is located in the central part of Puerhei Lake, the main peak is 1555.8 meters above sea level, opposite to Phoenix Mountain in the south, forming the pattern of “Dragon and Phoenix”. There are 8 karst caves including torch cave, moon cave, Zhangju stone cave and so on. Cave entrance is connected with lake, exceptionally mysterious. Standing on Qinglong Mountain, overlooking the full view of Puzhehei, Qinglong mountain top is also the best place to watch sunrise and sunset.

4. Swan Lake天鹅湖

Puzhehei Swan Lake is an ecotype lake, composing of karst solitary peak group, lake group, karst cave group and wetland ecological group. The wetland organism in the lake area is extremely rich, and there are more then 100 species and 10000 migratory birds, like wild geese, swans, herons, egrets and so on. Since October 1, 2013, Puzhehei Swan Lake has been open to tourists for four times a day. Visitors can choose to walk or ride in battery cars and battery boats to roam the lake area, watch the view of all birds fly together, as well as feel the harmony between people and nature, human beings and animals.

How to Get there 

You have three ways to get to Puzhehei, bus, train and airplane.

1. By Bus

Departing from Kunming, you should travel to Qiubei County by long-distance bus first. And then, you can take the bus from Qiubei Bus Terminal to Puzhehei. Time is 8:00-17:30 every day, the bus runs every 30 minutes, and the fare is 2 yuan. Qiubei County to Puzhehei Scenic Area is 13 kilometers.

Kunming East Bus Station-Qiubei Bus Terminal

Departure Time: 7:20-20:10

Price: 117 CNY

Distance: 330 kilometers

Consume Time: 4.5 hours

2. By Train

There are trains from Kunming South Station to Puzhehei Station. The ticket price is about 75 yuan, and you will spend 1 hour and 15 minutes on train.

3. By air

You can fly from Kunming to Wenshan Puzhehei Airport first and then take a taxi to the scenic spot. There are daily flights, and the travel time is 50 minutes. It is 80 kilometers from Puzhehei airport to Puzhehei Scenic Area, and The taxi fare is expensive. Therefore, this way is not recommended.

Accommodation in Puzhehei Scenic Area

 There are hotels and hostels in Puzhehei Scenic Area. Accommodation in Puzhehei is convenient.

1. Guyue Lakeview Inn 普者黑沽月精品湖景客栈

Address: Puzhehei Village, Qiubei County, Wenshan Prefecture文山壮族苗族自治州丘北县普者黑村

Tel: 0876-4673288

Starting Price: 270 CNY

2. Pu Zhe Hei Time inn普者黑拾间里精品民俗

Address: No.61, Xianrendong Cave, Qiubei County, Wenshan文山壮族苗族自治州丘北县仙人洞村61号

Tel: 18388665105

Starting Price: 368 CNY

3. Ya Bei Boutique Hotel普者黑雅贝精舍酒店

Address: Close to Lover Bridge, Puzhehei Scenic Area, Qiubei County, Wenshan文山壮族苗族自治州丘北县普者黑风景区情人桥旁

Tel: 0876-4897998

Starting Price: 298 CNY

Best Time to Visit

The best time to visit Puzhehei Scenic Area is from May to October, and especially in July and August. May to October is on season. At that time, the lotus flowers are in full blossom. And the local “Painted Face Festival(Hualian Festival)”, the local busiest and happiest festival, usually celebrates around July 18, lasting for about one month.

Useful Travel Tips

1. In summer, the most joyful thing in Puzhehei is to fight a water war. If you like photography, you’d better prepare a waterproof cover for your camera.

2. In highland area, temperature difference is large between daytime and night, you must bring sun cream, sunhat, sun glasses, umbrella, coats and some medicines that protect from heatstroke.

3. Local food is kind of salty and spicy, people who like light food may not like to eat, but try it. Chili is also one of the specialties in Qiubei county.

4. The local torch festival is around the 6th lunar month and Hualian festival(Painted Face Festival) is about the 2nd lunar month. If you travel in Puzhehei during the festival, you will have a chance to experience the festival party.

5. It is free of charge to enter the Puzhehei Village. Ticket package price is 200, including a round trip boat ticket, Moon Cave, Xianrendong Cave, Torch Cave and Guanyin Cave. If you just want to visit the Karst caves, Guanyin cave is 15 yuan, Moon cave and Torch cave are 20 yuan respectively, Xianrendong cave is 20 yuan(The boat charge in the caves is included).

Tour Including Puzhehei Scenic Area

6 Days Yunnan Ancient Villages Tour with Puzhehei Scenic Area and Bamei Xanadu Village

3 Days Puzhehei Lotus Flowers Tour and Bamei Xanadu Discovery By Speed Train(June,July,August)

3 Days Yi Ethnic Minority’s Hualian Festival Tour Held in Puzhehei

8 Days Yunnan-Guizhou Karst Landform Tour and Ethnic Minorities Discovery

Overview

Chinese Name: 罗平九龙瀑布
English Name: Nine Dragons Waterfall (Jiulong Waterfall)
Location: East of Luoping County, Qujing City, Yunnan Province
Scenic Area: Luoping
Admission Fee: ¥95
Opening Hours: 9:00 AM – 5:00 PM

About The Nine Dragons Waterfall

The Nine Dragons Waterfall, also known as “Dadieshui” by the local Buyi people, is the most famous waterfall in Jiulong River. This stunning natural wonder spans a 2-kilometer section of the river and is the most unique part of its course. Over thousands of years, the river has carved out ten terraces of cascading waterfalls, each varying in height and width.

The largest cascade, known as “No.1 Cascade of Jiulong,” stands 56 meters high and 110 meters wide. During the wet season, the roar of the waterfall can be heard from several kilometers away. From below, it appears as if a massive cataract is roaring down from the sky with incredible force, enveloping everything in mist. In winter and spring, the cascade transforms into a silver chain hanging from the heavens, with spray filling the air. On sunny days, rainbows appear above the cascade, creating a vibrant display of colors.

The second cascade, called “Lovers’ Cascade,” is 43 meters high and 39 meters wide. At the base of this cascade is the serene Jiaobu Pond. Each of the other cascades along the river also has its own charm, and visitors can enjoy the full beauty of all ten cascades from a belvedere.

Bu He, vice-chairman of the National People’s Congress, praised the grandeur of the Jiulong Waterfalls, saying, “Jiulong Cascades has no match in its majesty in south China.” Each year, on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar, young people from all ethnic groups gather to celebrate the “Antiphonal-Style Singing Festival.” During the festival, they dress in their best attire, perform traditional dances, and engage in other activities that highlight the unique characteristics of their cultures. The highlight of the festival is the opportunity for young men and women to meet each other through the tradition of singing antiphonal songs.

Legend of the Nine Dragons Waterfall

According to local legend, long ago, Luoping was a vast ocean inhabited by nine black dragons and one white dragon, all of whom came from the lotus pond of the Pearl River source. The dragons competed for control over the sea, and the white dragon, being clever, managed to monopolize the ocean. However, the nine black dragons refused to accept defeat. They dug tunnels beneath the sea, causing the waters of the Luoping Sea to dry up. With no place to go, the white dragon perished at the edge of the sea, transforming into Baila Mountain.

Later, eight of the black dragons dug a river that irrigated the land of Luoping. However, the eldest black dragon continued to cause trouble, bringing drought to the area. The king of the underworld, aware of the situation, ordered the gods of wind, rain, and thunder to intervene. They transformed the long river into three platforms, with the highest platform being the Jiulong Waterfalls.

Attraction Transportation

By Bus:

• Take a regular bus from the Luoping Passenger Station to Banqiao (板桥), which costs 5 yuan per person and takes about 30 minutes.
• From Banqiao, take a mini-bus to the Jiulong Waterfall, which costs an additional 5 yuan per person and takes around 20 minutes.

Attraction Travel Tips

Festivals:

Several festivals are celebrated annually at the Nine Dragons Waterfall, including:

• Antiphonal Singing Festival: Celebrated on the second day of the second lunar month.
• Water-Sprinkling Festival: Held on the third day of the third lunar month.
• Torch Festival: Celebrated on the 24th day of the sixth lunar month.

Shuanglang Town

Shuanglang Town is located in northeast of Dali City and northern bank of Erhai Lake. Enjoying the charming landscape of Erhai and spectacular view of Cangshan Mountain, it is known as the “First Town of Canghai”. Shuanglang enjoys the essence of landscape of Cangshan and Erhai. It is embraced by Jinsuo Island and Yuji Island, hence its name. Shuanglang, a fishing town with a history of over one thousand years, is located in north Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan.Many Chinese and foreign tourists are disappointed with Lijiang (丽江) or Fenghuang (凤凰), because of the year-round crowds and over-commercialisation. In spite of that, they are places worth seeing because there are enough narrow streets and hidden alleys. Shuanglang however is bad on a whole other level.

Why is Shuanglang Town so special?

Shuanglang Town enjoys the unique location favorable environment and splendid ethnic culture. It is known as the “First Town of Canghai ”. Shuanglang offers the essence of landscape of Cangshan Mountain an Erhai Lake. 

Facing the Erhai Lake and connecting with the Jizu Mountain, Shuanglang always offer people with its most charming sceneries. Wondering through the cobblestone-paved streets filled with old dwellings of Bai people, tourists can not only be treated with pristine sceneries but also a sense of peace. People here live a simple but happy life, fishing in the Erhai Lake all year around. In addition to those well-preserved folk houses, some hotels or inns that are characterized by different themes are also the most attractive part of the village. Enjoying the scenery of the Erhai Lake in scenery room of a small hotel here may make a big difference to guests and help them to get away from the hustle and bustle of the city.

Where is Shuanglang Town?

Shuanglang Town is located in northeast of Dali City and northern bank of Erhai Lake. It is embraced by Jinsuo Island and Yuji Island

How to Get to Shuanglang Town?

By car: Travelers can rent a car from Dali Ancient Town. It costs you RMB 100-150.
By ship: Take ship from Erhai Pier in Xiaguan to Naozhao Island of Shuanglang, but ship cannot reach bank.
By bus: There are the bus to Shuanglang in North Passenger Station. The buses will departure every 40 minutes.

History of Shuanglang Town

Shuanglang, enjoying the profound history and splendid culture, is the birthplace of civilization of Neolithic Age and Bronze Age in Dali area. It was also the important base of navy of Nanzhao Kingdom in Tang and Song dynasties. Shuanglang is the site of Tianbao War, also the place of Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism and primitive region. Shuanglang keeps the well-protected cultural street and traditional Bai’s residence houses of Ming and Qing dynasties.

Best Time to Visit Shuanglang Town

The best visiting time is spring. Traveler can enjoy the most beautiful scenery during this season.

Accommodate at Shuanglang Town

Recent years, Shuanglang becomes more and more popular. Shuanglang enjoys complete and high-quality facilities, also many approving hotels. Hotels ranges from luxury hotels to featured inns, like LadyFour Hotel, Shuangdao Hotel, Chuanjia Inn and Sunshine Bank Inn etc. Travelers can stay at the hotel according to diverse requirements and appreciate the charming scenery at night.

Useful Travel Tips

From Kunming to Dali: you can take a bus or train. The journey on the train takes about seven hours and costs RMB 50. The express bus takes about four hours and costs nearly RMB 140.
The railway station or bus station which is located in the new area of Xiaguang Town is a little far from the Ancient Town of Dali, so it is advised to take the NO. 8 Bus which costs RMB 1.5/one.

PS: the buses in Dali stop when one waves hands, but there is no station reporting system, you should pay more attention to the stop board.
From Dali to Shuanglang: you can take a bus which departs every forty minutes from Dali to Shaunglang. It costs RMB 17/one. But you can’t find a bus to Shuanglang after three o’clock in the afternoon.

Jinghong Wild Elephant Valley

Jinghong Wild Elephant Valley Forest Park (Chinese name: 野象谷公园) is a special theme park for Wild Asian Elephant sightseeing and observing and rainforest sightseeing. Wild Elephants Valley covers an area of 369 hectares by the Sancha River in Mengyang Town, and is situated 47 kilometers north of the city of Jinghong. With hills rolling gently at an altitude ranging between 747 and 1055 metres, the valley is covered by tropical rain forests, crisscrossed by rivers and streams, and teeming with such endangered species as Asian wild elephants, wild oxen, green peacocks and monkeys.

Why is the Wild Elephant Valley so special?

China’s wild elephant can only be found in the tropical forest in Xishuangbanna, while Wild Elephant Valley is the very place where you many find wild Asian Elephants much easier and more frequently. It is recorded that, there are about 130 wild Asian Elephant living in this region.

Where is the Wide Elephant Valley?

It locates in the south part of Mengyang Natural Protection Area, 45 km from Jinghong City. Park covers an area of 3,700,000 square meters, among which, building area is around 2,800 square meters, water area is up to 8000 square meters.

How to Get to Wide Elephant Valley?

From Jinghong: take bus in Jinghong Passenger Station to Guanping and stop in Wide Elephant Valley, RMB 15 per person.
From Simao: take bus to Mengla or Jinghong and stop at back door of Wide Elephant Valley.

In Wide Elephant Valley, traveles can take cableway for sightseeseeing, 50 yuan for one-way ticket, 70 yuan for round-trip ticket.

Main Attractions and Things to Do

● Elephants Show

Outside the main scenic spots of the Wild Elephants Valley, tourists can appreciate wonderful performances given by the first elephant-domesticating school of China, the butterfly world inside the first butterfly-farming park in China, and the tropical birds in the hundred-bird park.The Wild Elepha annts Valley will show you a genuinely beautiful and mysterious Xishuangbanna.

The Elephant-domesticating School is the first of its kind in China. Visitors are able to appreciate performances given by adorable elephants. Well-trained elephants will salute visitors with formal bows, posed in a pyramid, headstand, dance to music, pass the single-log bridge, kick footballs, etc. Visitors can sit on an elephant or take photos with them. The show will going on 11:00-12:00 am, 2:00-3:00 pm every day.

● National Elephants & International Elephants

Xishuangbanna Wild Elephant & Nature Reserve lies at the crossroads between the eastern and western zones of the Mengyang Tourism Area, at 747–1055 meters above sea level. The reserve is made up of low hills and small hillocks, with wide valley bottoms rich in waterholes that contain enough salt to meet the biological needs of the wild Asian elephant. The wild elephant groups that roam about in the protection zone between Mengla and Mengyu are designated as National Elephants, while those that roam about inside the Mengla protection zone are designated as International Elephants, as the latter often come and go across the China-Laos border.

In China, wild elephants are only visible in the Wild Elephant Valley in Xishuangbanna. A flock of wild elephants appear in the Wild Elephant Valley within one or two days. There are observation towers for visitors watching wild elephants. Lucky tourists may have the chance to enjoy the scene of wild elephants bathing, playing and strolling. Tourist can also observe them by infrared binoculars at night. The best time to find wild elephants is at dawn or dusk.

Information about Wild Elephant Valley

‣ City Zoo Habitat

The Xishuangbanna Wild Elephant & Nature Reserve, with its dense forest and its rich variety of animals and birds, many of which are rarely seen outside a zoo, is one of the few places in the world where wildlife can be viewed in its natural habitat, where it is us humans who are “caged in”, as it were, as we watch the wild animals and birds go about their daily lives with as little interference as possible from us humans, while still allowing us to witness these fantastic creatures in their natural setting. All of which makes Xishuangbanna Wild Elephant & Nature Reserve something of an open-air museum, but an open-air museum with a difference: these creatures cavort about in their natural habitat, not in a man-made, city zoo habitat.

‣ Four sites of interest to the visitor:

 ● An Asian Elephant Breeding Center, established in Xishuangbanna by the Chinese government’s State Forestry Commission, but still under construction; 

●  An Asian Elephant Ecological Observation Center; 

● The natural corridor, or ravine, where wild animals roam freely (and where the visitor may observe these animals via a cableway over the ravine), including – besides the wild elephants, of course – the bear and the water buffalo, and where there is a Python Pavilion, a Bird Park that is home to a number of rare birds, and a Butterfly Park; 

● And lastly, a Jinuo ethnic minority village with a tent camping facility offering campfire parties, and, for those who require a more tranquil stay, mountain huts for rent.

At the Jinuo village the visitor can observe first-hand the unique lifestyle of this special minority group, and, with a bit of luck, one might observe a Jinuo religious ceremony where ritualistic music is played involving the use of very large – and sacred – sun-drums (the Jinuo are animists, i.e., they believe, as do many other ethnic groups around the world, including American Indians, that all things, inanimate as well as animate, possess a spirit, the sun being especially sacred to the Jinuo etnic minority.

‣ A Survey of the Reserve’s Natural Resources
The planned area of Xishuangbanna Wild Elephant & Nature Reserve is 369 hectares. The reserve is abundant in various natural resources including subtropical forests, tropical rainforests (these are found in the valleys below 800 meters above sea level), half-deciduous rainforests (distributed between 800-900 meters above sea level), and subtropical evergreen broad-leafed forests. And of course, there is the usual range of naturally-occuring wild animals in these various forest habitats. In addition, there are more than 400 types of plants on either side of the ravine that is home to the wild elephant herds, including the banyan, olive, and longan tree.

There are several groups, or families, of wild elephants living in the city zoo habitat, numbering about 60 head in all. They share the ravine with the bear, the wild buffalo, and the cobra, to name some of the more exotic species. It would be unfair not to point out that the reserve is also home to many wild birds which attract the attention not only of international bird experts, but also of groups of visiting bird-watchers. 

‣ Asian Elephants versus African Elephants

China has traditionally been a breeding grounds for the Asian elephant (aka Indian elephant), which is somewhat smaller than its African cousin. Because of naturally-occurring as well as man-made changes in the wild elephant’s habitat over time, there are today only about 300 Asian elephants living and multiplying in the free on the virgin forest lands of Xishuangbanna Wild Elephant & Nature Reserve. The Asian elephant represents the largest land mammal native to China.

Compared to the African elephant, the Asian elephant weighs between 3-6 metric tons (the African elephant, between 4-7½ metric tons), has two cranial bulges with an indent in the center (the African elephant has only a single cranial bulge and thus no indent), has small, square-ish, slightly droopy ears (‘the ear of the African elephant is shaped like the African continent’, it is said; in any case, it slopes back and slightly upwards and outwards, masking the animal’s neck when seen in profile), has a lower lip that protrudes markedly and is tapered (the lower lip of the African elephant is rounder and hardly protrudes at all), and lastly, the Asian elephant has tusks that are generally shorter and lighter, even when they on occasion can reach the same length as those of the African elephant. Moreover, the tusks of the female Asian elephant are often only embryonic by comparison, and sometimes completely lacking (the tusks of the male are generally larger for both species*).

With its richly varied flora and fauna, its many streams and waterholes, and with the added state protection that the reserve enjoys, Xishuangbanna Wild Elephant & Nature Reserve is truly an ideal habitat for the many wild animals and birds that make their home here.

* The two species cannot cross-breed – at least not successfully. The only known example of such a cross-breeding occurred in 1978 at Chester Zoo in the UK, and not by design. The staff had noticed that the African bull elephant, Jumbolino, flirted and eventually mated with the Asian cow elephant, Sheba, but no one expected a pregnancy to develop, since the two animals are not only of different species, they are of different genuses. In nature, cross-breeding between two different species generally leads to a hybrid (i.e., cannot reproduce), like the mule (a cross between the horse and the donkey), while cross-breeding between two different genuses was believed to be impossible. And indeed, it may very well be the case that even though offspring, by freak chance, may result via cross-breeding between different genuses, it cannot survive, as happened, alas, in the case of Motty, son of Jumbolino and Sheba, who died only two weeks after he was born.

Recommended Tours

1 Day North XishuangBanna Tour to Wild Elephant Valley and Jinuo Ethnic Village

Best Time to Visit

Belonging to tropical rainforest climate, Xishuangbanna’s dry season is from November to April the next year and rainy season is from May to October. With annual average temperature of 21c, it has long summer and no winter. With cool and pleasant four seasons, the best time for traveling Xishuangbanna is from October to April the next year. 

● The Water-Splashing Festival,  the most important festival for the Dai People to celebrate New Year, is usually celebrated in the middle of April.

● Try to avoid Chinese public holidays, such as Labor Day (May 1st to 3rd) and National Day (October 1st to 7th). It is recommended that you start your day early so as to avoid crowds.

Useful Travel Tips

●The wild elephants are more likely to appear at drawn or dusk. 
●Elephant shows are given everyday at 11:00-12:00, 14:00 and 15:00. Taking photos with elephants charges at least CNY 10 once.
●It is better to prepare some mosquito products and sun block in case of insects and sunlight.
●Keep a distance with the wild elephants to avoid attack. Sometimes people get attacked by elephants in the area. A tourist was attacked here in 2008. So it is best to watch the elephants in designated places and along with the guides.
●Respect the local customs of Dai and other minorities.

Weishan Ancient Town

Weishan Ancient Town is located at the foot of Ailao Mountain. It is a historical and cultural city known as the cradle of Nanzhao Kingdom. First built in Yuan Dynasty, Weishan Ancient Town has been changed to the brick city and remained the style and features until today. As the place that carry out Tusi System for the longest time in Yunnan, the long history of Weishan breeds numerous temples, echoing with the natural landscape at the diatance.

Why is Weishan Ancient Town so special?

Weishan Ancient Town is the birthplace of Nanzhao culture. Center on Gongcheng Tower, the streets in Weishan Old Town present standard grid-beam structure. In total of 25 streets and 18 alleys, the residences in Weishan Ancient Town remain the traditional Chinese construction. Among them, the residences along the principal axis preserve the architectural style and features of Ming and Qing Dynasty. Unsophisticated folk custom, profound culture and favorable climate form the tranquility of Weishan people.

Where is Weishan Ancient Town?

Weishan Ancient Town is located at the foot of Ailao Mountain. It is the important town of Dali City, Yunnan Province.

How to Get to Weishan Ancient Town?

From Xiaguan, the big town just south of Dali ancient town, take a bus from the Southwest bus station (西南站), there is bus every 15 minutes, so you won’t have to wait to long. It’s a one hour drive. Once at the bus station, take a tuk-tuk for 5 RMB to the Weishan Old Town. The driver will drop you at the Gongchen Tower Gate, in the middle of the ancient town.

History of Weishan Ancient Town

Weishan Ancient Town retains the layout of chessboard built 600 years ago, which is the best preserved ancient architectural complex of Ming and Qing dynasties.There were villages in Weishan Town in early Tang Dynasty. Duan began to construct the town with clay in Yuan and turned into brick town in Ming Dynasty.It maintains not only the architecture of Ming and Qing, but also the civil structure of Bai’s residence houses.

Weishan is the famous historical and cultural town of China, also the birthplace of Nanzhao culture.It is also the town which keeps the chieftain system longest time.

Main Attractions

Xinggong Tower(星拱楼) & Gongchen Tower(拱辰楼)

There are four city gate in four directions in Weishan Old Town, which is shaped like a square seal. As the remarkable building in Weishan Old Town, the Xinggong Tower is built in the center in Ming Dynasty. At a height of 11 meters, it consists of timberwork tower and brick foundation support. 

The north city tower of Weishan Old Town is called Gongchen Tower with a height of 23.5 meters. The whole building was supported by 28 large pillars. Climbing up from the east or west gate and overlooking, travelers can clearly see the four main streets extending to different directions and the dignified residences.

Majestically standing in the Weishan Old Town, the Xinggong Tower and Gongchen Tower has been the remarkable building. Inside the old town, the folk residences basically remain the traditional Chinese construction style of Ming and Qing Dynasty. Some are ‘Three Square with a Screen Wall’ and some are ‘Quadrangle Dwellings with Five Courtyards’. There are also many ancient buildings existed inside or outside Weishan Old Town, such as Confucius Temple, Wenhua Academy and Yuhuang Pavillion. Some exports praise highly after investigation of Weishan Old Town because of the intact preservation of Ancient Town.

Weibao Mountain

Weibao Mountain is one of 14 famous Taoist Mountains of China, enjoying the most and grandest Taoist monasteries. It is also the national forest park. Weibao Mountain offers lots of tall and straight trees, like a green lion viewing the ancient town and Guajiang River. It collects the charming landscape, original culture of Nanzhao amd Taoist culture.

Yuanjue Temple

Yuanjue Temple is hidden in the forest, enjoying the charming scenery. Among pine trees in front of temple stand the tall towers, which are the dense-eave brick tower. The straight trees, tall towers and ancient temple make a peaceful picture.

Recommended Tours

1 Day Weishan Snack Festival Tour

Nearby Attractions

Weibao Mountain

Weibao Mountain (巍宝山), also known as Weishan Mountain, is one of the birthplaces of the Nanzhao. In the past, he local Yi people held a temple fair in Weibao Mountain, which is the ancestral holy land of the Yi people. Today, Weibao Mountain enjoys the flourishing vegetation, towering trees and booming flowers. It is one of the famous Taoist mountains of China.

Donglianhua Village

Donglianhua Village is a village of Hui ethnic minority. It is one of the Muslim communities with the most traditional Hui culture in the Weishan County, enjoying the most quaint folk customs, the most colorful folk customs and the richest traditional culture. The whole village offers a flat terrain and convenient transportation. Its foundation can be trace back to early Ming Dynasty. There is also an important bridge built on the Bonan Ancient Road(博南古道) in the Wanli Period of the Ming Dynasty – Yongji Bridge(永济桥), which preserves Zhaozhong Temple in the Qing Dynasty and Du Wenxiu Uprising Site, also the Cultural relics protection units such as the military field, Dadongmen, and the masses.

Erhai Lake

Erhai Lake (Ear-shaped Sea), reputed as “Pearl of Plateau”, is the second largest highland lake of Yunnan. Taking a boat and cycling around the lake are fantastic ways to explore “Silver Cangshan Mountain and Jade Erhai Lake” scenery.

Best Time to Visit Weishan Ancient Town 

March and April is the best time to visit Weishan Ancient Town, during that time there are a lot of festivals and activities. Lots of festivals and activities of Bai nationality centered on period from March to April every year, traveling during this time tourists can enjoy the full-bodied ethnic customs. Tourists can choose to go during the Third Month Fair (from March 15 to March 21 in lunar calendar, the west of Dali Sanyue Street) and Butterfly Activity (April 15 in lunar calendar in Butterfly Spring). 

Useful Travel Tips

Before Visit to Weishan Ancient Town

Weishan County is located in the south of Dali and the west of Yunnan Province. Ancient buildings and relics assemble and natural scenery gather here, such as Weibao Mountain, Yuanjue Temple, Weishan Old Town and Weishan Confucius Temple.

Ethnic Minority in Weishan Ancient Town

The preeminence and quintessence of the Yi’s Dage in Weishan live in its long history, integrated configurations, rich cultural connotations, different values and functions. In Torch Festival, people from all directions gather together and sing around the torch. Moreover, the Dongjing Music enjoys good frame.

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