Chinese Name: 沧源司岗里崖画谷
English Name: Sigangli Cliff Painting Valley in Cangyuan County

Keywords: Sigangli Cliff Painting Valley, Rock paintings, Cangyuan attractions
Location: Menglai Town of Cangyuan County in Lincang
Admission Fee: RMB 30
Opening Hours: 08:00-18:00

About Sigangli Cliff Painting Valley

Cangyuan Rock Paintings found in China is the most ancient Rock Paintings of a more than 3,000 years ago in the late Neolithic Age. The unique karst landforms scenic spectacular beauty, talent, natural ; has world-renowned rock paintings ; are known as the Yunnan tours first pit, extraterrestrial footprints called Yunnan’s largest sinkhole and cave group (one of the biggest pit, 235 meters deep, more than 200 meters in diameter, circumference 720 meters) ; there contiguous forest flora of the Jurassic period – Cyathea, Dong palm forest, there are magnificent kilometer natural color wall painting gallery. Fresh and unique Va Walled villages scattered among the mountains, colorful style shine Va which make beautiful canyon scenery exceptionally charming.

Rock Paintings have been found 11 sites, located in Cangyuan County Meng to the rural, small townships to full Hom townships, and rural peace and the Flemish-Gengma County township, and other places, generally at an altitude of about 1,500 meters on the cliff.

Grey limestone quarry face painting, a painting of ochratoxin red, the local Va people called “Code with the Alem”, which means rock paintings. Rock Paintings locations screen high ground from 2 to 10 meters, long painting area ranging from 1 to 30 meters, small frame, composed of a number of scattered graphics, the image of several hundred, 187 animals, housing 25 Road 13, the symbol of Italian Table 35; there are trees, Zhouchuan sun, clouds, mountains, and the earth, such as bags like Fig. Graphic descriptions of characters are officially 100 law, and to single monochromator Le Tu Jia-ping, save facial detail, such as drawing silhouettes-way through the performance of the limbs variety of characters engaged in various activities.

Ancient Rock Paintings vividly demonstrate the ancient ancestors hunting, grazing, villages, war, dance, acrobatics and religious activities such as worship, rich in content, composition concise, crude ore, uninhibited, tasks, and image Variety animals, lifelike, independence in terms of style, vividly demonstrates the ancient ancestors of life scenes. The study of ancient history of the nation, religion, culture, arts, and other important values, state-level key units to be protected.

Amazing Scene of the Rock Paintings

The cliff paintings of Cangyuan is said to take on different colors as the time, weather and humidity change. According to the proverb of the local Va and Thai people that the cliff painting changes three times a day: in the morning the color is red, at noon lighter and in the evening purple. Nowadays the paintings have already been designated as the key historical relic protection unit at the provincial level.

Up to now, eleven painted cliffs have been found to scatter in the villages of Menglai, Dinglai, Mankan, Heping of Cangyuan County and the village of Mangguang of Dima County etc. Called Randianmu which means the paintings on the rocks in the local Wa language, these reddish brown ancient paintings were basically drawn on the grey limestone at the elevation of about 1, 500 meters. Measuring somewhere between one to thirty square meters, these primitive masterpieces are normally two to ten meters above the ground and include the images of animals, architectures, trees, boats, heavenly bodies like the sun or the moon, mountains and many abstract symbols etc.

Human figures and lively life scene are also the important themes of these artistic works on the sharp cliffs. The eyes, nose and other facial details of the human face are normally omitted; the painters instead paid more attention to the depiction of the human body and limbs. Apart from artistic meanings and value, many important life activities of these human ancestors such as hunting, dancing, recreation and sacrifice rituals and suchlike are vividly displayed and recorded, which seems to bring the viewers back to those mysterious and remote prehistoric ages.

Attraction Transportation: We can take the shuttle bus from Lincang bus station to Cangyuan County, then we need to charter a local car to go with a negotiable price.

Attraction Travel Tips:
· 2-3 hours travel.
· The tour of viewing the cliff painting is subject to the weather condition. Visitors who plan to see the painting should therefore consult the local travel agent about the timing of their visit in advance.
· Lincang is rich in rainfall and the rainy season comes from May until October.

The Location Map of Lincang Sigangli Cliff Painting Valley in Cangyuan County

Chinese Name: 沧源天坑
English Name: Tiankeng Dolines in Cangyuan County
Keywords: Tiankeng Dolines in Cangyuan，Cangyuan attractions, Cangyuan tours, karst landform
Location: These Tiankeng Dolines are located at the middle of the Cliff Painting Valley in Cangyuan
Admission Fee: Free
Opening Hours: All the day

Tiankeng Dolines in Cangyuan County

Tiankeng is called funnel karst landform in geography, Tiankeng Dolines in Cangyuan County is the biggest one in Yunnan province. Tiankeng Group of Cangyuan County in China is a large, steep-walled, pit-like, negative, karst landform that opened from beneath towards surface, with both its depth and its diameter more than 100 m to several hundred meters, developed in a great thickness of continuous soluble rocks within the aquifer vadose zone above deeply buried water table and connecting with an active cave river at its foot. It is also characterized by its tourism values of rarity, grandeur and spectacular magnificence, and by its special ecological environment.Apart from this biggest one in front of us, there are other 6 tiankeng lie in same level line. It was said that once a man climbed down the cliff, seeing an unfathomable cave. Inside the cave there are lakes, waterfall and a great number of stalactites.

What is Doline or Tiankeng?

A doline, sink or sinkhole is a closed depression draining underground in karst areas. It can be cylindrical, conical, bowl- or dish-shaped. The diametre ranges from a few to many hundreds of meters. There are two different mechanisms for the forming of dolines:

Solution
The corrosive solution of limestone by rainwater is very high in the area fo crack, allowing the water to run into the rock. This normally forms the bowlshaped type of dolines.
The solution produces large amouts of clay (depending on the pureness of the limestone). This clay is water resistant and sometimes plugs the drainage, so little lakes of rain water can sometimes be found in dolines, a rare thing in waterless karst areas.

Collapse
When a cave grows, there may be a point where the roof of a cavern is not stable enough. This results in (several) collapses that shape the roof like a dome. This process runs out, when the shape is able to hold the weight of overlying rocks.
If the impact of this collapse reaches the surface, if the overlying layers are too thin then the ceiling collapses and a doline is formed. The doline is often a natural entrance to the cave.

Discoveries of Karst Tiankengs in China

Karst tiankengs have been known as “large collapse dolines” for a long time, since small number of them have been discovered around the world, but they have received little attention in academic research. In China, the large collapse dolines that were first widely known are in Sichuan Province. Then more such dolines were reported in Guangxi Province, mostly as marvelous natural scenery. From early 90s up to now, a series of karst tiankengs were found and studied in China by Sino-foreign cave expeditions and other many research projects sponsored by Geological Society of China and Institute of Karst Geology of the Chinese Academy of Geological Science. It is during this period of extensive research that the name “karst tiankeng” is formally proposed and widely recognized as the right terminology for this unique geological formation.
There are about 50 karst tiankengs known in China. Of these, 3 are giant tiankengs more than 500 m deep and 500 m in entrance diameter – Xiaozhai Tiankeng in Fengjie of Sichuan, Dashiwei Tiankeng in Leye of Guangxi and Haolong Tiankeng in Bama of Guangxi. There are also 5 large tiankengs more than 300 m in depth and entrance diameter.

Distinction between karst dolines and karst tiankengs

Karst doline is one of the most familiar and distinctive landforms in karst terrains. There are several doline types that form in the soluble rocks, including the corrosion doline, the permeable doline, the suffosion doline and the collapse doline. Of collapse dolines, there are karst bedrock collapses and also collapses in insoluble rock that covers a buried karst, but the size of all these do not match the size of a tiankeng. To date, dolines found in carbonate rocks have diameters and depths up to about 100 m. Steep-walled, pit platform is different from all the main doline types, they differ not only in size but also in their development mechanisms and conditions. Why is a large karst doline now named as a karst tiankeng? The basic reasons are:

A tainkeng develops in special environmental conditions that integrates aspects of geology, geomorphology and hydrogeology, but a common doline develops in a much wider range of karst environments. Consequently, dolines and collapse dolines are widespread while karst tiankengs are very few within the global picture of karst.
A tiankeng differs greatly from dolines and collapse dolines in its development and erosion mechanisms. The common collapse doline forms by dissolution and suffosion in normal geological and hydrodynamic environments. Collapse tiankengs have developed through an unusual hydrodynamic combination of erosion, dissolution and collapse where three evolutionary stages may be distinguished – from a cave river to an underground cavern to a tiankeng open to the surface – this is not comparable.
A tiankeng is very different from a normal doline in size. It is very large and broad.
Tiankeng have close relationships with the regional development of cave river systems, and their distribution, evolution, age and development rates are not comparable to those of common karst dolines.

Genetic Types and main features of karst tiankengs

Current research suggests that tiankengs developed in carbonate rocks may be divided into two types-collapse tiankengs and erosional tiankengs. The former is much more widespread and numerous than the latter.

Collapse tiankengs
Collapse tiankengs formed in soluble rocks in which massive amounts of rock material were dissolved and eroded away at depth by an intensely dynamic underground drainage system, notably by large cave river system. Under specific geologic and hydrogeological conditions, a cavern evolved as its roof failed gradually while the falling rock debris was carried away by water, until it opened to the ground surface.

Erosional tiankengs
Erosional tiankengs developed in the vadose zone of soluble rocks by allogenic water eroding and dissolving the rock in its vertical descent from the surface. They are very rare because of their special environmental conditions.
Collapse and erosional tiankengs have some features basically in common, but also have some important differences in their development conditions:

A great and continuous thickness of soluble rocks
Solution sedimentary rock (generally carbonate rocks in China) is the first requirement for tiankeng development. Clearly, large and deep tiankengs developed within large thickness of soluble rock unbroken by any significant impermeable intermediate beds, so allowing the establishment of a unified vadose aquifer zone.

A deep vadose zone in soluble rocks

Karst tiankengs largely developed in the vadose zone of an aquifer above a deeply buried water table, where the thickness of the vadose zone is nearly equal to or greater than the depth of the tiankeng. Tectonic uplift and rejuvenation caused entrenchment of the surface rivers and a major lowering of the regional water table, thereby increasing the thickness of the vadose zone. Tiankengs are most common in areas of neotectonic uplift.

A favorable geological structure
The two kinds of karst tiankeng formed mainly in karst regions with gently dipping or horizontal rocks, where the soluble rocks have wide outcrops. Structural fissures, notably long and deep faults and vertical joints allow development of a strong hydrodynamic system in the aquifer. A structure with gently dipping beds and networks of joints and faults favours progressive breakdown of the roof of large cave chambers at depth. Dipping beds are eroded to outcrops with long contacts between soluble rocks and non-soluble rocks, that favour development of erosional tiankengs by allogenic drainage, such as at Qingkou Tiankeng.

A highly active hydrodynamic system with underground conduit flow in cave rivers

A tiankeng is the largest closed and negative landform in karst, involving the removal of 1-1000 million cubic meters of rock by breakdown, dissolution and fluvial transport. It definitely requires a very strong input-output hydrodynamic system, in the form of active conduit flow within a cave river system in the karst aquifer. Known tiankengs have developed in association with major karst underground river systems. The cave river is the critical factor in tiankeng development, especially for erosional tiankengs where it is the result of the tiankeng development and not its precodition.

Favorable climate and hydrogeology

A humid rainy climate supplies plentiful rainfall for dissolution and river flow, and encourages high intensity and high rate of tiankeng development in a karst. Tiankeng distribution is related to zones of humid climate and abundant precipitation.
These environmental factors are all optimally developed in the karst of southern China, especially in the high-relief cone karst areas – which include the most important tiankeng sites in the world.
Karst tiankengs provide data for karsification intensities and rates, and offer a new way to study time-scales of karst geological process. It is suggested that the tiankengs in China are the youngest and the largest negative landforms of the karst. Research is directed into the high intensities and rates of karstification and the relatively the geologic age of the tiankengs, and it is suggested that the tiankengs in China formed mainly in the late Pleistocene since 128,000 years ago.

The status of Chinese tiankengs within the karst of the world

As independent and significant karst landforms, tiankengs are not common around the world, and are infrequently studied. The largest tiankengs outside China known to date are mainly distributed through the lower latitudes, including New Britain (Papua New Guinea), Sarawak (Malaysia) and Mexico, and are few in number. Smaller tiankengs are also know in Europe close to the Mediterranean coasts. Compared with those abroad, tiankengs in China possesses significant status within the world’s karst because of the following features:

Large numbers and clustered distribution
Tiankeng in China occur mainly in the south, within the drainage basins of the Yangtze and Peal Rivers , where there are 6 major tiankengs nearly 50 in total. Many are grouped within the same drainage basins or on the same cave river systems.

Large dimensions
In nearly 50 tiankengs found to date, there are 3 oversize tiankengs (Xiaozhai, Dashiwei and Haolong), whose entrance diameter and depth are generally above 500-600 m, and there are tens of large tiankengs more than 300 m in entrance diameter and depth.Perfect formation, beautiful scenery and high values of aesthetics and sightseeing.
Tiankengs in China are mostly surrounded by precipitous cliffs, are very deep and are covered by original forest on their floors. They are characterized by their grandeur, sheer spectacle, peculiarity, and mystery. They are also valued for their aesthetics and sightseeing interest, and some including Dashiwei in Leye are open to tourism and visitors.

Important value for scientific research

This includes the integrity of the geomorphological systems of tiankengs, the difference between the two different genetic types, and the worldwide rarity of the erosional tiankengs. Tiankengs also promote active karst research. For example, the Dashiwei tiankeng group, known for its Museum of Collapse Tiankengs, is the world’s best location for tiankeng research. It has active examples of tiankengs in different stages of development and in contrasting landform environments. It lies in a typical high-relief cone karst terrain in southern China, within the Bailong subterranean river drainage basin of 835 km2, with a subtropical monsoon climate, and annual average of precipitation of 130-170 cm.

But the professional insiders warn that these Tiankengs are not constructed and developed completely, visitors must pay extra attention to the safety in these areas. Up to now, the secret of these Tiankeng Dolines are just dug part of it, with a deeper exploration more and more fancy topography and species will be found.

Attraction Transportation: We can take the shuttle bus from the bus station of the county
Attraction Travel Tips:
·It is quite dangerous around the Tiankeng Dolines, please be careful about walking steps.
·Prepare enough clothes and food, it is definitely a hard journey.

The Location map of Tiankeng Dolines in Cangyuan County, Lincang

Chinese Name: 沧源佤族自治县糯良乡班考村委会班考民俗自然村
English Name: Bankao Village
Keywords: Bankao Village, Cangyuan tours, Cangyuan highlights
Location: Bankao Village is located at Nuoliang town, Cangyuan Va Autonomous County
Admission Fee: Free
Opening Hours: All the day
Bankao Village
Bankao Village is a mountainous area located in Nuoliang town, Cangyuan Va Autonomous County, covering an area of 2.45 sq,km . This village is in the northwest of the Nuoliang town government, 1200 meters high above the sea level, 27 KM away from the town. The annual precipitation is about 1700 mm.

 Transportation: To take the shuttle bus from the county bus station
 Travel Tips: ·1 or 2 hours trip
·respect the local inhabitants’ manners and customs

The Location Map of Bankao Village in Cangyuan County, Lincang

Introduction

Qinglong Bridge is about 60 kilometers northeast away of Fengqing County. Founded in the Qing Dynasty Qianlong 26 years (1761), Jiaqing Nineteen years (1814), Daoguang 24 years (1844) twice, after many repairs. The bridge body is 15.64 meters high from the river surface. The bridge body is composed of 16 iron cables, with wooden planks on top, 5 pavilions at each end, and several embankments on the bank. Azure Dragon Bridge is an important passageway in southwestern Yunnan and the only ancient bridge on the Lancang River.

Three Wonders in Architecture:

1. Qinglong Bridge fixed cable do not open a path, first in the cliff in a U-shaped “ox nose” cave, the blacksmith hand forged 16 strands of wire through the hole, and then stone piers high up, across the river. The unique value of this hole in the history of bridge architecture, this is the “cow’s nose hole.”
2. There are 16 strands in Qinglong Bridge with 14 in the lower, 2 in the upper, distribution on both sides, the whole bridge high center, both ends low, like flying rainbow, flying across the banks, this is “The rainbow flew over the bridge”.
3. Qinglong Bridge has a bridge at both ends of the corridor, bridge floor, corridor, connected, white wall green tile, cornices, corridor for pedestrians to take shelter from the rain, with columns overlooking Lancang River scenery; buildings can make soldiers stay watch. And the two sides of the post road, the door closed in the morning, even a husband when the river, thousands of troops and horses also difficult to capture the trend, into a kind of landscape.

Related Characters

1. Xu Xiake (徐霞客)

Xu Xiake (1586-1641), the Han Nationality, a great ancestor, the character inspires it, number rosy cloud guest, Jiangsu Jiangyin person. Ming Dynasty, geographer, traveller and writer. He 600,000 characters which writes after 30 year inspection “Xu Xiake Travel notes”, opened in the geography the system observation nature, the description natural new direction; Is not only the system inspects the motherland landform geology the geography famous work, is also describes China scenery resources traveling great, the writing exquisite literature excellent work, in domestic and foreign has the profound influence.

2. Zhao Youxin (赵又新)

Zhao Youxin (1881-1920), the original name of Fuxiang, the word Fengjie, Fengqing people. He studied at Fengshan College at an early age and was a 15-year-old disciple of Ph. D. Since childhood, clever and studious, in the “Yue Wu Mu Fu Zhao classes Fu” in the Lin examination, to a wood, Song room of the peace has been determined; a hundred years of hate, the end of the hero, such as the famous sentence, showing its bright love and hate and agile talent. The Reform Movement of 1898 failed, the country internal and external troubles, Zhao every time to talk about state affairs, said impassionately: big husband can not be like Ban Chao to make contributions to other areas, should also learn to fight and die in the field of horse aid.

3. Luo Jinan (罗稷南)

Luo Jinan, formerly known as Chen Qianhua, number Chen Xiaohang, also known as Chen Ziying. Fengqing (Shunning) County, Yunnan Fengshan Town New Town people. He graduated from the philosophy Department of Peking University in 1923. He has served as the first Middle School in Yunnan Province, the first Middle School in Harbin, the Fan Guowen teacher in the first Division of Jilin Province, the head of the propaganda Section of the 101st Division of the National Revolutionary Army, the secretary of the Division of the 28th Division of the third Army, the Secretary of the General Command of the 19th Route Army, Chief of staff of Fujian people’s revolutionary government, manager of reading and living publishing house, member of southwest military and government committee, secretary of secretariat of shanghai branch of china association of writers and artists. Published works in 1922 He joined the Chinese Writers Association in 1952. Graduated from Peking University, served as President of Xiamen University, proficient in English, Russian.

Nearby Atrractions

Shuhe Old Town

Four kilometers (2 miles) to the northwest of the Lijiang Old Town, at the foot of Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, lies a compact village hidden in the forest, the Shuhe Ancient Town. UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) has listed it as an important component of Lijiang as it is a well-preserved example of a town along the ancient tea route and one of the earliest settlements of the ancestors of Naxi people. It is called ‘the hometown of springs’.

The Climate of Qinglong Bridge

The climate in Qinglong Bridge is mild, and generally warm and temperate. In summer, there is much more rainfall in Qinglong Bridge than in winter. The annual average temperature of Qinglong Bridge is 16.5 ℃, precipitation here averages 1051 mm. Qinglong Bridge enjoys subtropical monsoon climate, rain and heat over the same period, with characteristic dry and wet season. It offers a mild climate, abundant sunshine, enough rainfall, wet and dry seasons. It famous for “how high the mountain is, how deep the water is and Four Seasons just like the spring”. Three-dimensional weather conditions gave birth to the complex and diverse ecological environment and vegetation types of Qinglong Bridge.

Transportation

Fengqing as “North Gate” of Lingcang, its external transportation has exit of east, west, south and north four directions, which plays a role of bridge and bond between Lincang  and central and northwest Yunnan. Travel 39 kilometers toward the southeast to Yun County, and then it can be connected to Dali, Chuxiong and kunming by national highway 214 to the northeast. The southwest exit of fengqing can reach the sino-myanmar border through Guodazhai-Yongde-Zhenkang county. you can reach Nanjian from the east of Fengqing through Xiaowan hydropower station. From the passage of Fengqing northwest, there is an exit, that is the provincial road from Fengqing to Baoshan area. It makes Fengqing, Baoshan and Dali form a traffic circle. Such a traffic circle is very beneficial to the development of Fengqing tourism market and the organization of tour routes.

Fengqing Bus terminal(凤庆汽车客运站)
Address: Fengwu Road(凤梧路), Fengshan Town(凤山镇), Fengqing County
Tel: 0883-4211289

Tips: If you would like to get around the County(Here is the area of Fengshan Town), you can take a taxi, it’s quite convenient and time-saving. You can also by bus, but there are few bus routes in Fengqing county, it is often crowded on the bus.  In addition, there is a special vehicle, tricycle. It is easily available and it costs less than taxi.

Dianhong Black Tea and Puer Tea are two famous teas in Yunnan Province and China. Discoving Puer Tea and Dianhong Black Tea culture is an unique and special activity in Yunnan. The mysterious tea culture in Yunnan will make your tour memorable. For this tour, you can step into some famous tea plantations, tea factories and learn more about the history, development and tea-making process of Dianhong Black tea and Puer tea.

• Visit dam, hydropower station and  ancient tea trees.
• Eeperience tea factory, plantations and Dianhong Blak Tea culture.
• Enjoy local ethnic cultures in local towns.

Brief Itinerary

• Day 1: Dali – Nanjian – Fengqing
• Day 2: Fengqing – Dali

Detailed Itinerary

Day 1 Dali-Nanjian-Fengqing

Sightseeing and Activities:Nanjian Tulin Tea Factory, Xiaowan Dam, Xiangzhuqing Ancient Tea Trees
Accommodation:Fengqing
Meals:L

Drive to Nanjian.Visit Nanjian Tulin Tea Factory and see their processing procedures of Puer tea.

Then have a stop to visit Xiaowan Dam and hydropower station on the way to Fengqing County.

Continue the driving to Xiangzhuqing village in Xiaowan township of Fengqing County. In the late afternoon, pay a visit to Xiangzhuqing Ancient Tea Trees（香竹箐古茶树）. In Xiangzhuqing village, lies a massive, ancient tree. Colloquially referred to as the Mother tea tree, this magnificent giant is about 35 feet tall (which is extremely tall for a tea tree), and is so wide that it’s said that it takes eight people holding outstretched hands to full surround the tree. Besides her gargantuan size, this tree is also remarkable for its unmatched history. This ancient tree is recorded as being over 3,200 years old, it is called “the Mother of Tea Trees”. Now, it is protected and fenced by the local government.

Stay overnight in Fengqing County.

Recommended Hotels

Service Included:

• Admission fees for all of the sightseeing spots listed in the itinerary;
• Meals as listed in the itinerary;
• Hotels as listed in the itinerary;
• Private English-speaking tour guide;
• Private vehicle for transfers & sightseeing with skilled driver;
• Service charge & government taxes;

Service Excluded:

• Any arrival and departure international airfares or train tickets;
• Chinese visa fees;
• Excess baggage charged by Airlines;
• Single room supplement;
• Tips to guides and drivers;
• Personal expenses and gratuities to service staff;
• Personal travel accident insurance;
• All optional programs.

Chinese Name: 永和口岸
English Name: Yonghe Border Port
Keywords: Yonghe Border Port, Cangyuan attractions, where to visit in Cangyuan
Location: Cangyuan Va Autonomous County (14 KM away from Cangyuan County)
Admission Fee: Free
Opening Hours: All the day

About Yonghe Border Port 

Yonghe Border Port is a nationally second-grade opening port. This port was opened in 1996, a commercial port which connects Cangyuan and Myanmar. Yonghe Port is an inconspicuous one among hundreds of opening ports in China, but its geographical location is quite unique. The altitude increases around 1800m along the way from Cangyuan County center to Yonghe Port. Overlooked from Yonghe Border Port, Cangyuan County center is covered by spectacular clouds.

 Functions of Yonghe Border Port 

Yonghe Border Port is 14 km away from Cangyuan County center, facing Shaopa region of Mengmao County in Myanmar across the bridge. The 167th boundary monument shares the territory of China and Myanmar, belonging to the two countries. It becomes an unique tourist area cross the border. Va ethnic group in China and Myanmar inhabit harmoniously for generations who share their lives & culture.

3 KM to the Shaopa region in Myanmar, situated in the end of second-class highway from Gengma to Cangyuan, the traffic of Yonghe Port is very convenient. Yonghe Port is a vital link between Southwest China and Southeast Asia, it plays an important role in banning planting of opium poppy, such as, Myanmar used to import tea from China, but now the situation is totally changed, Myanmar starts to export tea to China. It is a great achievement with the support of China’s government and international society, Myanmar begins to plant tea in the north part rather than opium poppy. 50% of the oolong tea produced in Myanmar selling to Guangdong, Fujian and Taiwan must go through Yonghe port.

Attraction Transportation: we can take shuttle bus from bus station in Cangyuan County.
Attraction Travel Tips:
·1-2 hours travel
·If you want to visit boundary marker around the border, you must take along with your ID card or passport.

The Location Map of Yonghe Border Port in Cangyuan County, Lincang

Chinese Name:临沧市双江县冰岛古茶园
English Name:Bingdao Puer Tea Plantation in Shuangjiang County, Lincang

Bingdao tea area(冰岛茶区)
Bingdao is located in the northernmost part of Mengku Town, 33 kilometers away from Mengku Town, bordering Nanmei Township(南美乡) of Lincang City. Before 1950, Bingdao Old Village was enclosed by Tea Garden(茶园围村). In order to improve its output, Shuangjiang County has carried out the transformation and optimization of Iceland’s old tea garden. After decades of transformation and breeding, the tea garden before 1949 still has more than 100 acres, and there are still two or three mother trees in Ming Dynasty. These ancient tea trees grow near the village. Since 1985, Iceland has planted 6700 mu of new tea plantations. Compared with Gongnong and Dahusai villages, the tea plantations in the old Icelandic village are not too many, but because there are not many people in the old Icelandic village, the tea plantations owned by each family are still considerable.

Sixty years ago, people said that Bingdao tea refers to the tea of Bingdao old village. Today Iceland is an administrative village, namely the Bingdao Village Committee(冰岛村委会). Bingdao Villagers’ Committee has five natural villages, including Iceland, Nanxu, Bawa, Nuowu and Territory. Looking down from the old village of Bingdao, the Nanmeng River is a Nanmei town（南美乡） originating from Lincang. It enters the boundary of Shuangjiang River fromBingdao. The Nanmeng River divides the Mengku River into two parts. The Mengku people call the mountains on both sides of the river the Eastern Peninsula and the Western Peninsula. Bawa and Nuowu old villages belong to the eastern peninsula, while Bingdao old villages, Nanpo and Dijie villages belong to the western peninsula.
If Bingdao Tea is called Bingdao Tea in the five natural villages under the jurisdiction of Bingdao Village Committee(冰岛村委会), Bingdao Tea has both eastern and Western mountains(东半山和西半山), so when buying Bingdao Tea, it must be clear whether to buy Bingdao Tea under the jurisdiction of Bingdao Village Committee.

Geographical Location of Bingdao

Bingdao is the earliest place in Lincang City where tea trees were planted. The Mengku large-leaf tea variety was spread from here. In the Lincang tea region, the Mengku tea area is central, with the Yongde tea area to the west and the Bangdong tea area to the east. The Mengku tea area is further divided by the Mengku River into the East and West Mengku tea mountains. Bingdao Village is located along the Mengku River, producing tea that combines the characteristics of both the East and West Mengku mountains. As a result, Bingdao tea integrates the excellent qualities of the Mengku tea area and has become the highest-quality tea in the Lincang Mengku tea region.

Name of Bingdao

Bingdao Village is also known locally as “Bingdao,” which means “pond with green moss.” The Bingdao Ancient Tea Garden is the original garden for Mengku large-leaf tea. According to historical records, in the 21st year of the Ming Dynasty Chenghua period (1485), the Mengmeng chieftain of Shuangjiang sent over 200 tea seeds from the Yiwuzhong tea area to Bingdao, where more than 150 plants were successfully cultivated. Today, about 20 of these ancient trees still exist, approximately 500 years old. However, historical evidence suggests that tea planting in Bingdao and its vicinity predates the 21st year of the Chenghua period, which calls for a revision of this assertion.

The seeds from the Bingdao Ancient Tea Garden were propagated in Mengku, forming the Mengku large-leaf tea variety. In the 26th year of the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty (1761), the daughter of the 11th-generation chieftain of the Dai ethnic group in Shuangjiang married the chieftain of Shunning (Fengqing County), bringing with her several hundred pounds of tea seeds. These seeds, when propagated and mutated in Shunning, formed the Fengqing long-leaf tea variety, a high-quality raw material for making “Dianhong” tea. The Mengku large-leaf variety was introduced to Mianing (around Lincang City) and eventually evolved into the Bangdong black large-leaf tea variety (Xigui tea). Due to its longer leaf shape compared to other Mengku large-leaf varieties, it was named Bingdao long-leaf tea.

Historical Origin

The Bingdao Ancient Tea Garden, located in Bingdao Village, Mengku Town, Shuangjiang County, Yunnan, was first recorded in the 21st year of the Ming Dynasty Chenghua period (1485). A survey in March 2002 found over 1,000 ancient tea trees with root diameters ranging from 0.30 to 0.60 meters. The seeds from the Bingdao Ancient Tea Garden were propagated in Mengku, forming the Mengku large-leaf tea variety. In the 26th year of the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty (1761), the daughter of the 11th-generation chieftain of the Dai ethnic group in Shuangjiang married the chieftain of Shunning, bringing hundreds of pounds of tea seeds, which were then propagated and mutated in Shunning to form the Fengqing long-leaf tea variety. Over the past 500 years, especially since the founding of New China, descendants of the Bingdao Ancient Tea Garden have spread to tea regions inside and outside the city, province, and country, with over 600,000 mu (approximately 100,000 acres) now cultivated in Lincang City alone.

The Bingdao Ancient Tea Garden is one of the origins of Yunnan large-leaf tea. It has been introduced and cultivated for over 500 years, forming the Mengku large-leaf tea variety in Mengku, the Fengqing large-leaf variety in Shunning, and the Bangdong black large-leaf tea variety in Lincang. It is reputed as the “authentic Yunnan large-leaf tea.” The Mengku tea mountains are divided into East and West Mengku by Bingdao, with distinct tea styles. Bingdao ancient tea combines the aromatic, rich, full-bodied sweetness of East Mengku tea with the strong, robust characteristics of West Mengku tea, resulting in a tea with powerful and enduring flavor.

Bingdao Tea

Bingdao tea, produced in Bingdao Village, Mengku Town, Shuangjiang County, Lincang City, Yunnan Province, is a type of Pu’er tea and a rising star in the Pu’er tea world, often compared to “Moutai” in Yunnan tea. Bingdao tea is known for its high fragrance, rich taste, smooth texture, and delicate mouthfeel with minimal bitterness. It is considered a top-quality Pu’er tea and is often referred to as the “queen of tea.”

1. Appearance

Bingdao tea has a robust and tightly rolled appearance with a dark brown, oily luster. It has a sharp, enduring aroma, a rich, sweet taste with a golden-yellow, clear liquor. The leaves are thick, soft, and bright yellow-brown. Bingdao tea also features characteristics such as rapid sweetness and a lingering throat sensation.

2. Liquor Color

The liquor color of Bingdao tea is clearer compared to other teas of the same grade, with a smooth transition from deep to light. This is due to Bingdao tea’s excellent quality and unique processing techniques.

After brewing, Bingdao tea has a golden-yellow liquor that is clear and bright, with a persistent and high fragrance, rich taste, and thick, soft leaves.

Bingdao tea stands out among many Pu’er teas because of its rapid sweetness and lingering throat sensation. After brewing, it provides a noticeable sweet and rapid sweetness in the mouth, and its tea liquor turns golden-yellow due to special processing techniques that ensure thorough fermentation, making the tea clearer and more transparent.

3. Taste

When first tasted, Bingdao tea has very low bitterness, making it smooth and pleasant. After drinking, it leaves a sweet sensation in the mouth and a quick return of sweetness. Drinking Bingdao tea results in a cooling sensation in the throat and a sweet taste in the mouth.

The taste of Bingdao tea is relatively strong after brewing, with some bitterness that is valuable. This bitterness stimulates the brain to produce endorphins, which helps relax the mind and combat fatigue. Drinking Bingdao tea provides a very comfortable and refreshing feeling.

Bingdao tea also has high collectible and tasting value.

4. Leaf Bottom

The leaf bottom of Bingdao tea is thick, soft, and bright yellow-brown with an oily texture and rich downy hairs.

The tea liquor is delicate and full-bodied, with rapid and lasting sweetness and a smooth mouthfeel. The aftertaste is enduring and sweet, with very low bitterness. The aroma is sharp and persistent, with sweet notes in the liquor and enduring fragrance in the cup and leaf bottom.

Bingdao tea has strong and lasting tea essence, with a powerful presence from the first to the sixth brew. Drinking it leaves a feeling of physical and mental relaxation.

The tea liquor of Bingdao tea is smooth, fragrant, and refreshing. The mouthfeel is delicate, with noticeable sweetness and salivation. The sweetness is enduring and mellow, providing a warm sensation after drinking that makes the whole body feel very comfortable.

5. Brewing Method

1. Choosing Tea: Select Bingdao tea with robust, tightly rolled, dark green, oily leaves with a sharp, persistent aroma and rich, sweet taste. If not using a purple clay pot, use a gaiwan (lidded bowl) and brew with water at around 95°C.
2. Tea Quantity: Place 7-8 grams of Bingdao tea into the teapot.
3. Brewing: First, rinse the tea with water at 85°C for about 3 seconds to wash it, then brew with water at around 95°C.
4. Tasting: Do not finish the tea from the first brew; 2-3 brews are recommended. Save the leaves for subsequent infusions.

Bingdao Village’s Five Villages

When discussing Pu’er tea, enthusiasts are certainly familiar with Bingdao. Known as “Ban Zhang as the king, Bingdao as the queen,” Bingdao’s “rock candy sweetness” has deeply impressed tea lovers. Let us take a detailed look at the taste characteristics of Bingdao’s five-village ancient tree tea.

Introduction to the Five Villages of Bingdao

Bingdao Village consists of five distinct sub-villages: Baway, Nanpo, Nuowu, Dijie, and Lao Zhai. Among these, Nanpo, Dijie, and Lao Zhai are located adjacent to each other, while Baway and Nuowu are situated across the mountain slopes facing these three villages. Although the five villages are close to each other and share similar tea characteristics, only the tea from Lao Zhai can truly be called Bingdao tea.

1. Lao Zhai

Lao Zhai in Bingdao is renowned for its ancient tea trees, some of which are over a thousand years old. These trees are considered the authentic source of Lao Zhai ancient tea. They grow in limited quantities around and within the village, making them unique and irreplaceable.

The tea from Lao Zhai is known for its clear, sweet, pure, and smooth taste. Its aroma is rich and long-lasting, with a distinct rock candy-like sweetness and a persistent aftertaste. This tea is highly regarded in the tea world for its exceptional balance and is considered one of the most precious Pu’er teas from Yunnan.

2. Baway

Baway, a natural village located to the north of Mengku Town, is adjacent to Bingdao’s tea mountains. The ancient tea gardens in Baway are much fewer compared to Bingdao. Since 1980, no new tea trees have been planted in Baway, making its old tea completely pure Mengku large-leaf variety. Although the quality of Baway tea is comparable to Bingdao, it is priced lower due to Bingdao’s higher reputation.

Baway tea has a robust and strong flavor, with thick and broad leaves. Its unique aroma is potent and powerful, not inferior to the smoothness of tea from the six major tea-producing regions. The taste has a slightly stronger stimulation compared to Lao Zhai tea from Bingdao.

3. Dijie

Among the five villages of Bingdao, Dijie is the closest to Lao Zhai, with only a 20-minute walk between their ancient tea gardens. Dijie’s ancient tea forest is located at an average altitude of 1,700 meters, with an annual temperature of 20°C and 1,800 millimeters of rainfall. The older tea trees in the village are mostly over 300 years old and grow in the original forest filled with dead wood and humus.

The dry tea from Dijie is robust and uniform, with white buds and black strips. It has a lasting floral and fruity aroma. The tea soup is golden and clear, with a rich and smooth texture. The taste is refreshing with notable sweetness and a long-lasting aftertaste. The leaves are thick, fresh, and oval-shaped, making it a top-tier tea with a harmonious blend of fragrance, sweetness, richness, and thickness.

4. Nanpo

Nanpo is located about 5 kilometers from Lao Zhai and is situated on the opposite side of the mountain. The area is isolated with no major roads, requiring over an hour of mountain paths to reach. Nanpo’s old village is at an altitude of 1,700 meters with an annual temperature of 20°C and 1,800 millimeters of rainfall. Nanpo has over a hundred acres of ancient tea gardens, with many old tea trees spread widely. Forests near the old village feature large, contiguous ancient tea gardens.

Nanpo tea has a good aroma with a wild and strong character. It has a very low astringency and a cool sensation in the throat that gradually turns into a sweet, juicy aftertaste on the tongue. Compared to Lao Zhai and Dijie teas, Nanpo tea has a slightly heavier bitter base and stronger tea aroma. If you prefer a more robust tea flavor, Nanpo is an excellent choice.

5. Nuowu

Nuowu is located to the north of Mengku Town, about 25 kilometers from Bingdao Village and Mengku Town. In 2003, the old village had 35 households, but in 2004, the government relocated the entire village to the roadside below and built a new village with government funding. Despite the relocation, the Lahu people still return to the old village during the tea-picking season. The old village has about 50-60 acres of ancient tea gardens, similar in size to those in Baway, likely from the same planting era.

Nuowu tea has a robust and uniform appearance with prominent white hairs. Its soup is golden, bright, and clear, with a unique sweet and pleasant aroma. The taste is delicate, sweet, and smooth, with a lighter bitterness and a long-lasting aftertaste. The leaves are flexible and fresh.

How to Distinguish the Characteristics of Bingdao’s Five Villages

1. Nanpo: The aftertaste of Nanpo tea is similar to Bingdao’s, with a quick sweetness but lacks the fresh taste of Bingdao. The lingering fragrance is not as persistent as Bingdao’s.
2. Dijie: The lingering aroma of Dijie tea is more like Bingdao’s, but the aftertaste is not as quick. The rock candy sweetness is less pronounced.
3. Baway: The tea aroma from Baway is similar to Bingdao, but Baway tea has two distinct flavor profiles. The tea from below the old village has a good aroma with slightly more astringency, while the tea from the left side of the old village tends to be sweeter with a milder tea aroma, often having a water-like sweetness due to excess moisture.
4. Nuowu: Nuowu tea has a more moderate tea aroma compared to Bingdao. Although its flavor is excellent, it differs from Bingdao in aroma.

Bingdao tea embodies the essence of “fragrance, sweetness, richness, juiciness, and tea aroma,” perfectly illustrating the charm of Pu’er tea and earning its reputation as the “Queen of Tea.”

Chinese Name:冰岛村
English Name: Bingdao Village in Shuangjiang County, Lincang

Plan your Lincang Ethnic Villages Tour to Lincang? Visit Bingdao Village in Shuangjiang County, Lincang which is one of the most fascinating ethnic villages in Lincang. Explore the local folk ethnic culture including History, Food and Dining, Clothing, Customs and Traditions, Architecture, Festivals, Crafts, Religion, Language of local ethnic people in Bingdao Village in Shuangjiang County, Lincang.

There is an altitude of 1640 meters village called Bingdao of Mengku Town（勐库镇） in Lahu-Va-Blang-Dai Autonomous County of Shuangjiang（双江拉祜族佤族布朗族傣族自治县）, Lincang（临沧）. With spring and picturesque all the year round, Bingdao Village（冰岛村） is famous for its fragrant ancient tea, which is the earliest place to grow tea in the county. There are five natural villages under the Bingdao Village, they are Bingdao Old Village（冰岛老寨）, Nanpo Village（南迫寨）, Dijie Village（地界寨）, Bawai Village（坝歪寨） and Nuowu Village（糯伍寨）. Bingdao Village is small and located at a high position in the mountains, and the residents’ main income comes from tea. There are two primary tea factories in the village, which used to mainly process black tea. Most of the tea trees in Bingdao Village are 700 or 800 years old, and the younger ones are 200 or 300 years old.  And the popular Bingdao Tea（冰岛茶）on the markets is from the Bingdao Old Village.

Bingdao Village (冰岛村) is also known as “ Bingdao”(丙岛), which means “ a mossy pond”(长青苔的池塘) in local. The Bingdao Village is well-known in Yunnan tea industry, and its popularity is no less than Nannuo Mountain (南糯山). Bingdao Village is 33 kilometers north of Mengku Town (勐库镇), bordering the Nanmei Township (南美乡) of Lincang City(临沧市). Bingdao Village is a famous ancient tea village in Shuangjiang County, which is famous for its large leaf tea planting.  And the Bingdao Ancient Tea Plantation (冰岛古茶园), which is located in the Bingdao Village, was first recorded in the 21st year of Chenghua (1485) of the Ming dynasty, with a long history. The tea species of Bingdao Village are major component of the famous Mengku large leaf species (勐库大叶种), and Bingdao Village is the main birthplace of Mengku tea species. There are five natural villages under the Bingdao Village, they are Bingdao Old Village（冰岛老寨）, Nanpo Village（南迫寨）, Dijie Village（地界寨）, Bawai Village（坝歪寨） and Nuowu Village（糯伍寨). These villages are also famous for their tea.

Bingdao Village is halfway up the hill, with houses facing south. Bingdao Village is free of snow and ice, like spring all the year round, full of green, abundant water and fertile land. It is a good place for people to live and tea culture travel.

Translated by Dianna Zhou/周晓畋

Translated by Dianna Zhou/周晓畋

Located in the Southwest of Yunnan, Lincang is an important transportation center which is the most convenient land passage to Yangon of Myanmar. It neighbors Puer in the east, Dali in the north and Baoshan in the west. Burma lies to the southwest of the city. Its downtown area is 610 kilometers from the provincial capital Kunming. The transportation in Lincang is relatively convenient. Travelers can take plane or long-distance bus to get to Lincang. In the near future, you can also take train, because the railway to Lincang is under construction. 

How to Get to Lincang from Kunming

By Plane

There are two airports located in Lincang, one of which is Lincang Airport and another is Cangyuan Airport, both with direct flights to Kunming city. Lincang airport, situated in the west of Boshang Town, is 22.5 kilometers away from the Linxiang District. Cangyuan Washan airport is located in Nuoliang Township, Cangyuan county, 670 kilometers from Kunming, 187 kilometers from Lincang city and 36 kilometers from county seat of Cangyuan county. The journey lasts about 50-min to Lincang airport and 70-min to Cangyuan Airport.

Kunming-Lincang Airline Schedules(Kunming-Lincang Airport)

Kunming-Lincang Airline Schedules(Kunming-Cangyuan Airport)

By Coach

Lincang and Kunming are well linked by highway and travelers can take luxurious long-distance buses from Kunming West Bus Station to Lincang Bus Station. It is about 9.5 hours’ drive from Kunming at daytime and 15.5 hours at night with the ticket fare ranging from RMB 219 to 228. The Bus Schedules are 07:20, 08:00, 08:40, 09:20, 10:00, 10:40, 11:20, 12:00, 19:00, 19:35, 20:10, 21:55.

Kunming West Bus Station
Add: No.18, Yining Road, Xishan District, Kunming

Lincang Bus Station
Add: Lantian Road(南天路) of Linxiang District, Lincang

By Train

At present, the railway to Lincang is under construction and tourists can take the train to Lincang in the near future.

Chinese Name: 彝族打歌
English Name: Dage Dance of Yi Ethnic Minority

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Chinese Name: 临沧澳洲坚果
English Name: Macadamia Nut in Lincang

Lincang Macadamia Nuts are a specialty of Lincang City, Yunnan Province, China. They have been recognized as a national geographical indication product for agricultural products. The production area spans the following eight counties (districts) within Lincang City: Linxiang District (临翔区), Yunxian County (云县), Fengqing County (凤庆县), Yongde County (永德县), Zhenkang County (镇康县), Gengma Dai and Wa Autonomous County (耿马傣族佤族自治县), Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County (沧源佤族自治县), and Shuangjiang Lahu, Wa, Bulang, and Dai Autonomous County (双江拉祜族佤族布朗族傣族自治县). These areas collectively cover 77 townships (streets).

The Lincang Macadamia nut is spherical or oval in shape with a bright, green, leathery skin. The nut inside is protected by a hard brown or brownish shell. The nut kernels are white or creamy white and can be consumed raw or roasted. After roasting, they are crisp, fine in texture, and incredibly fragrant, offering an excellent taste.

On October 9, 2018, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China officially approved Lincang Macadamia Nuts for agricultural product geographical indication registration protection.

Product Name in English and Chinese

• English Name: Macadamia spp.

• Chinese Name: 临沧坚果 (Lincang Macadamia Nuts)

Origin:

• Location: Lincang City, Yunnan Province, China

• Geographical Indication Approval: Ministry of Agriculture, No. 71 Announcement, October 9, 2018.

Production and History

As of 2017, the total area planted with Macadamia trees in Lincang reached 2.2789 million acres, with 261,000 acres yielding fruit. The total production reached 12,000 tons, and the production value amounted to 600 million RMB. This industry helped lift over 50,000 poverty-stricken households (around 150,000 people) out of poverty. Globally, the total area of Macadamia cultivation is about 4.36 million acres, and Lincang’s production area accounts for about 52% of the global total.

Product Honors

• October 9, 2018: The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs approved the Lincang Macadamia for geographical indication protection.

• July 27, 2020: Lincang Macadamia was listed in the second batch of EU-China Geographical Indications Protection List.

Quality Features

Lincang Macadamia nuts are spherical or oval, with a bright, leathery green skin and a hard brown or brownish shell. The nut kernel is white or creamy white and can be eaten raw. Roasting the nuts brings out their fine, crisp texture and delightful flavor.

Nutritional Value

The kernel of Lincang Macadamia is rich in fat, with crude fat content exceeding 65% of the dry matter. Unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid (over 55%) and palmitoleic acid (over 13%), are prominent. Additionally, the nuts are rich in protein, calcium, iron, and zinc. Protein accounts for more than 6% of the dry matter, while calcium, iron, and zinc levels are 320mg/kg, 14mg/kg, and 6mg/kg, respectively.

Environment and Growing Conditions

Geology and Topography

The Macadamia planting region in Lincang is characterized by low-temperature river valleys and mountainous or semi-mountainous areas with rugged terrain and numerous ravines. The highest elevation of the planting areas is 3504 meters, and the lowest is 450 meters, with an ideal planting range between 450 to 1600 meters above sea level.

Soil and Water Conditions

The main soil types in Lincang include laterite and red soil, which are loose, deep, and have a pH value ranging from 4.5 to 6.5. The area has a high forest coverage rate of 64.69%, indicating a good ecological environment.

The major rivers in the Macadamia planting region include the Luozha River (罗闸河), Xiaohongjiang River (小黑江), Nanting River (南汀河), Nanpeng River (南捧河), and Yongkang River (永康河). Among these, Luozha River and Xiaohongjiang River belong to the Lancang (Mekong) River system, while the other three belong to the Nujiang (Salween) River system. The water resources are rich and the water quality is excellent.

Climate Conditions

The climate in Lincang’s Macadamia planting region is subtropical, with distinct wet and dry seasons. The temperature difference between day and night is large, but the annual temperature difference is not significant. Winters are mild, and summers are not excessively hot. The region has almost no frost throughout the year, with abundant rainfall and sunlight, which is ideal for Macadamia growth. The annual average temperature is 18.5°C, with an average annual maximum temperature of 35.3°C and a minimum of -2°C. The area receives an average of 2108.4 hours of sunlight annually and has an average rainfall of 1296.0 mm, with a frost-free period of 351 days and a relative humidity of 74.5%.

Historical Background

The introduction of Macadamia nuts into Lincang began in 1991 in Yongde County (永德县). In 2000, the nuts were recognized as a special local product of Lincang. In 2002, Macadamia trees were included in China’s national afforestation programs, and they became a key species for large-scale planting. Since the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan,” the local government has focused on the development of this industry, seeing it as an ecological, poverty-alleviating, and distinctive industry.

In 2004, Lincang issued its first policy on the development of Macadamia nuts, and by 2017, seven related policy documents had been issued to further promote the industry.

In 2014, the Australian Macadamia Society and the China National Association of Food and Importers awarded Lincang City a plaque commemorating it as the “World’s Macadamia Nuts Are in China, China’s Macadamia Nuts Are in Lincang” (世界坚果看中国·中国坚果在临沧).

Geographical Indication Protection

Geographical Scope

The protected geographical area of Lincang Macadamia includes the following eight counties (districts): Linxiang District (临翔区), Yunxian County (云县), Fengqing County (凤庆县), Yongde County (永德县), Zhenkang County (镇康县), Gengma Dai and Wa Autonomous County (耿马傣族佤族自治县), Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County (沧源佤族自治县), and Shuangjiang Lahu, Wa, Bulang, and Dai Autonomous County (双江拉祜族佤族布朗族傣族自治县). The geographical coordinates are: longitude 98°40′–100°34′, latitude 23°05′–25°02′.

Quality and Technical Requirements

Specific Production Methods

• Location Selection: Ideal planting locations are at elevations between 450 and 1600 meters, with average annual temperatures between 17.7°C and 19.9°C. These areas must have a frost-free period of over 300 days annually and average annual rainfall of 1000 to 2000 mm.

• Variety Selection: The varieties chosen for Lincang Macadamia are those imported from Australia in 1991 and adapted for local growing conditions. These include varieties such as OC, 344, and 788, which have been approved by the Yunnan Provincial Forestry Department.

Cultivation and Grafting Techniques

• Seedling Preparation: Mature and healthy seeds are selected, soaked in water, and then placed on a sandbed to germinate. The seedlings are then transferred to nutrient bags once they have stabilized.

• Grafting: The best time for grafting is in late autumn, early winter, or spring, and the cleft grafting method is commonly used.

Water and Fertilizer Management

Watering is crucial, especially during dry periods. Fertilization should include organic fertilizers and limited amounts of inorganic fertilizers.

Pest and Disease Control

The major pests include aphids, thrips, and cicadas, while diseases like gray mold and stem cankers also affect the trees. Integrated pest management methods should be applied, emphasizing physical and chemical methods in combination.

Harvesting and Processing

Macadamia nuts in Lincang generally ripen and are ready for harvest in September and October. The nut’s inner wall turns from white to brown, and the shell becomes hard when mature. Harvesting can be done manually or by collecting naturally fallen fruits from the ground.

Primary Processing

1. Shell Processing: Green-skin nuts are peeled, the nuts are sorted, and dried on racks. They are then screened and classified for storage and packaging.

2. Kernel Processing: After the same initial steps, the nuts are cracked open, and the kernels are separated, graded, and packed.

Record-Keeping and Quality Safety

The production, processing, and marketing of Lincang Macadamia nuts are monitored to ensure compliance with quality standards.

Lincang Travel Guide

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Lincang

Lincang Travel Guide introduces useful travel information of Lincang including travel guide, travel tips, attractions, top things to do, tours, transportation, weather, climate, food, restaurants, accommodation, festivals, nightlife, activities, education, shopping, photos and maps.

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• Bridges
• Fengqing County
• Lincang

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2 Days Fengqing Dianhong Black Tea Culture Tour from Dali

Dali-Nanjian-Fengqing

Tea Culture Tours    Veiw

• 2 Days Yunnan Travel Itinerary
• Dali
• Dali Ancient Town
• Dali Tea Culture Tours
• Fengqing County
• Lincang
• Nanjian County

Yonghe Border Port in Cangyuan County, Lincang

Chinese Name: 永和口岸 English Name: Yonghe Border Port Keywords: Yonghe Border Port, Cangyuan attractions, where to visit in Cangyuan Location: Cangyuan Va Autonomous County (14 KM away from Cangyuan County)...

Borders to Yunnan Motorcycle Tours    Veiw

• Cangyuan County
• Lincang

Bingdao Puer Tea Plantation in Shuangjiang County, Lincang

Chinese Name:临沧市双江县冰岛古茶园 English Name:Bingdao Puer Tea Plantation in Shuangjiang County, Lincang  Bingdao tea area(冰岛茶区) Bingdao is located in the northernmost part of Mengku Town, 33 kilometers away from...

Attractions    Veiw

• Lincang
• Lincang Tea Plantations
• Shuangjiang County

Bingdao Village in Shuangjiang County, Lincang

Chinese Name:冰岛村 English Name: Bingdao Village in Shuangjiang County, Lincang Plan your Lincang Ethnic Villages Tour to Lincang? Visit Bingdao Village in Shuangjiang County, Lincang which is one of the...

Attractions    Veiw

• Lincang
• Shuangjiang County

Kunming-Lincang Transportation

Located in the Southwest of Yunnan, Lincang is an important transportation center which is the most convenient land passage to Yangon of Myanmar. It neighbors Puer in the east, Dali in the north and Baoshan in...

Transportation    Veiw

• Kunming
• Lincang

Dage Dance of Yi Ethnic Minority

Chinese Name: 彝族打歌 English Name: Dage Dance of Yi Ethnic Minority http://www.ynich.cn/view-ml-11111-1137.html...

Festivals and Events    Veiw

• Dali
• Jingdong County
• Lincang
• Puer
• Weishan County
• Yi Ethnic Minority

The 8th International Macadamia Symposium will be held in Lincang

The 8th International Macadamia Symposium will be held in Lincang, Yunnan Province on October 14-20, 2018. This is a grand event for the international macadamia industry and a grand festival...

Travel News    Veiw

• Lincang

Macadamia Nut in Lincang

Chinese Name: 临沧澳洲坚果 English Name: Macadamia Nut in Lincang Lincang Macadamia Nuts are a specialty of Lincang City, Yunnan Province, China. They have been recognized as a national geographical...

Shopping    Veiw

• Lincang