Overview

Nige Blue Hot Spring (尼格蓝色温泉) is also known as Gejiu City Workers’ Sanatorium (个旧市工人疗养院), a hidden therapeutic paradise nestled in the Baiyun Mountains (白云山) of Gejiu City (个旧市). Located in the Jasha Township (贾沙乡) near the confluence of Longcha River (龙岔河) and Lusha River (绿沙河), Nige Blue Hot Spring is a significant retreat for workers in Yunnan Province (云南省). Upon entering the sanatorium, visitors are instantly captivated by the beautiful scenery.

The initial sight is a cluster of uniquely designed European-style buildings that avoid a monotonous architectural style, with each structure showcasing its own characteristics. The roofs vary in shape—some are circular, others square or pointed. The gardens surrounding these buildings, featuring rockeries, ponds, and diverse flora, each present a distinct charm.

Location and Climate

Nige Village (尼格村) is part of Songyun Administrative Village (松云行政村) in Jasha Township, Gejiu City, Honghe Prefecture (红河州), and is situated in a mountainous area. It lies 36 kilometers from Jasha Township, with a total area of 2.13 acres and an altitude of 910 meters. The region has an average annual temperature of 23°C and receives 830 millimeters of rainfall, making it suitable for growing crops like rice and sweet potatoes.

Natural Resources

Jasha Township (贾沙乡) is characterized by its mountainous terrain and rich natural resources. The area boasts significant forest cover and is a vital source of water for Gejiu City, known for its abundant hot springs. Nige Blue Hot Spring, part of the Baiyun Mountain Scenic Area (白云山景区), is one of the earliest developed geothermal resources in the city, located 69 kilometers from the urban center at an elevation of 883 meters, spanning 102 acres, with two perennial rivers, Longcha River and Lusha River, flowing gently around it.

Historical Significance

In April 2006, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (中华全国总工会) designated Nige Blue Hot Spring as a “National Model Worker Rest and Rehabilitation Base,” a prestigious title held by only 24 of the 127 sanatoriums across the country. The spring was originally established in 1956 with the assistance of Soviet experts, featuring entirely European-style architecture. Initially a retreat for industrial workers, it was not opened to the public until the mid-1980s. After nearly 50 years of operation, its facilities have continually improved, offering various services.

The resort currently has 260 standard beds and a dining hall capable of accommodating 260 guests simultaneously. With the increase in visitors, the abundant hot spring resources have been fully utilized, leading to the establishment of indoor public hot pools, garden hot springs, and outdoor swimming pools. A modern SPA system offers nine therapeutic functions, including percussion massage, pulse massage, bubble massage, waterfall massage, and whirlpool massage, enhancing the enjoyment of the hot spring experience. Each guest room is equipped with its own hot spring supply for personalized soaking.

Therapeutic Qualities

The water temperature at Nige Blue Hot Spring reaches 74°C. Locals often use the hot spring water for cooking, eliminating the need to boil water. The water is crystal blue, rich in beneficial minerals like potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, strontium, molybdenum, and radon. It is a composite mineral spring containing sulfur, metasilicate, and bicarbonate, which has been shown to alleviate over 20 ailments, including neurosis, muscle strain, rheumatism, skin itching, and gastrointestinal issues. Particularly noteworthy is its effectiveness in treating occupational poisoning from lead, arsenic, and mercury.

Guests often find that soaking in the springs significantly enhances their appetite and aids in the healing of cracked skin after just one visit. The area is tranquil and beautiful, with well-maintained gardens featuring gazebos and rockeries, creating an idyllic environment where many retirees live year-round, enjoying a carefree lifestyle filled with good food and hot springs.

Cultural Context

Nige Blue Hot Spring is located at the border of Gejiu City and Jianshui County (建水县), marked by the swift-flowing Longcha River. The historic Suolong Bridge (锁龙桥), a single-arch stone bridge built in the 54th year of the Qianlong Emperor’s reign (公元1789年), connects Gejiu with Jianshui. This bridge is unique due to its sloped surface, resembling a centipede, hence the local nickname “Centipede Bridge” (蜈蚣桥).

Surrounded by high mountains, Nige Blue Hot Spring boasts fresh, humid air, enriched by diverse flora and fauna. The adjacent Nige Village, an ethnic Yi (彝族) settlement, contrasts sharply with the European-style architecture of the hot spring. The local Yi community continues to celebrate traditional customs, contributing to the area’s vibrant cultural heritage. The sounds of roosters crowing, dogs barking, and smoke rising from cooking fires blend with the scenic terraced fields to create an ancient pastoral landscape.

An ancient festival called “Ga Yi Jie” (嘎蚁节) is celebrated by the local Yi community, centered around the seasonal proliferation of cicadas (知了). The community engages in a unique tradition of capturing cicadas using bamboo tubes filled with seeds and aromatic branches. During the festival, visitors can partake in cicada-catching and enjoy a grand bonfire party with traditional Yi songs, dances, and roasted lamb, making it an unforgettable cultural experience.

How to Get There

To reach Nige Blue Hot Spring, visitors can take a bus or taxi from Gejiu City, which is approximately 69 kilometers away. Local transport services are available for convenience, and it is advisable to call ahead for reservations and travel arrangements.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: The ideal time to visit is during the spring when the surrounding flora is in full bloom.
• What to Bring: Swimwear, personal toiletries, and any preferred snacks or drinks, as dining options may be limited.
• Health Considerations: The mineral content in the hot spring water can have health benefits, but individuals with specific health concerns should consult a physician before visiting.
• Cultural Respect: Engage with the local Yi community respectfully and consider participating in their festivals for a richer experience.

Location:

Huanwen Park (焕文公园) is located in Shiping County (石屏县), Honghe Prefecture (红河州), Yunnan Province (云南省), China. The park is primarily divided into three main scenic areas: “Huanwen Scenic Area” (焕文胜景), “Famous Literature of the Nation” (名邦文献), and “Da Kui Tian Xia” (天—卜大魁). It features the North and South Gates (南北大门), Huanwen Tower (焕文塔), a multifunctional restaurant (多功能餐厅), Literature Building (文献楼), and Top Scholar Building (状元楼) as its five main structures.

History

In February 2020, in honor of medical workers battling on the front lines during the pandemic, the park implemented a free admission policy for all medical workers nationwide (including Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan) from the end of the pandemic until December 31, 2020.

Huanwen Park is situated on the outskirts of Shiping County, near the west bank of Yilong Lake National Wetland Park (异龙湖国家湿地公园), covering an area of 633 acres (约633亩). It is now recognized as a national AA-level tourist attraction. The park is designed in the classical architectural style of the Qing Dynasty (清代), with its layout centered along the north-south axis, showcasing the three main scenic areas.

Attractions

The park displays the life story of Yuan Jiagu (袁嘉谷), Yunnan Province’s only top scholar (状元), along with portraits and biographies of 94 notable scholars and officials from the Ming (明) and Qing (清) dynasties who hailed from Shiping. Additionally, it features photographs and biographies of 19 cultural figures from the Republic of China (民国) to the present day, as well as over 300 photos of books and cultural relics by authors from Shiping, highlighting the region’s literary heritage.

Administrative Development

The project was approved on September 25, 1998, by the provincial government at the Dali Tourism Boutique Construction Conference, with a total investment of 25.04 million yuan (约2504万元). Groundbreaking took place on February 13, 1999, and the first phase was completed and opened to the public on November 26 of the same year. This park serves as a significant venue for showcasing the historical and cultural achievements of Shiping County.

Tourism Information

Accommodations

There are limited accommodation options available in the area. In the Jianshui (建水) region, one- and two-star hotels range from 100 to 180 yuan per room. Ordinary inns and guesthouses cost between 10 and 50 yuan. In the Hekou (河口) area near Vietnam, similar one- and two-star hotels are also available.

Transportation

To reach Huanwen Park, you can take Bus No. 5 from Shiping County (石屏县). Yilong Lake is approximately 5 kilometers from Yilong Town (异龙镇), where you can take a taxi or minibus that passes by the park.

Free Admission Policy

From February 2020, in tribute to the medical professionals fighting the pandemic, the park has offered free admission to all medical workers across the country (including Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan) with valid identification until December 31, 2020. Medical workers need only present their valid credentials (such as medical practice licenses or identification) at the visitor service center to enter for free. Additionally, groups of ten or more medical workers can make advance reservations for free guided tours.

How to Get There

• By Bus: Take Bus No. 5 to Huanwen Park from Shiping County.
• By Taxi: Hire a taxi to reach the park directly from nearby towns.

Travel Tips

• Timing: Visit during weekdays to avoid crowds, especially if you plan to explore the exhibitions in detail.
• Documentation: If you’re a medical worker, ensure you have your identification ready for free admission.
• Exploration: Take your time to appreciate the rich cultural history displayed throughout the park.

Location:

Overview

Ya Sha Di Waterfall Hot Springs (丫沙底瀑布温泉) is the only radon-rich hot spring in Yunnan Province (云南省). It is located in the valley of the Jasha River (贾沙河) in Jiajin Township (贾沙乡), Gejiu City (个旧市), Yunnan. Ya Sha Di is a natural village, historically inhabited by the Nisu ethnic group (尼苏人) of the Yi people (彝族), who primarily rely on corn (包谷) cultivation for their livelihood. The name “Ya Sha Di” in Yi language means “a flat land with trees on the mountains.” The hot spring is built on a sloped hillside, surrounded by fresh air and the convergence of the Jasha River and Longquan River (龙泉河), which flows into the Red River (红河).

History

Long ago, this area was undeveloped, but local residents were aware of the hot springs and often visited the thermal water outlets for bathing, both for privacy and warmth. When women bathed in the caves, sunlight filtered through gaps, illuminating the white mist and creating a colorful haze. In this colorful setting, the women appeared ethereal, resembling celestial beings, and this scene became known as “fairies bathing,” a local attraction.

Scenic Background

Ya Sha Di Waterfall Hot Springs is nestled in a valley adorned with blooming flowers. From the viewing platform, one can see the entire layout of the hot springs—waterfalls, fish ponds, small bridges, a goldfish-shaped swimming pool, flowing rivers, various soaking pools, and people joyfully enjoying the hot springs, all showcasing the harmonious beauty of nature and humanity. This harmony reflects the construction philosophy of Ya Sha Di Waterfall Hot Springs, which emphasizes minimal disruption to trees and valuable rocks, ensuring that the area remains natural, beautiful, and above nature.

The hot springs are designed to follow the natural terrain, exhibiting a rustic charm. A small river flows through the area year-round, with its source originating from a rocky area. To make good use of this river, the management constructed a 6-meter high dam at its source to raise the water level, creating a 6-meter high and 10-meter wide waterfall, from which the hot springs derive their name. Additionally, the originally narrow river was widened, and inspiration was taken from terraced fields to create ponds, increasing the still water area to over 3,000 square meters and effectively regulating the temperature in the area.

The soaking pools were originally overgrown with weeds and rocks, and during the construction of the swimming pool, finding a flat area proved difficult. Therefore, the designers creatively shaped a swimming pool resembling a goldfish over 20 meters long, leaving an immovable boulder inside. Tourists have praised this unique design. Smaller pools like “Six Blessings Pool,” “Medicine Pool,” “Rose Pool,” “Wine Pool,” “Aloe Pool,” and “Tea Pool” were also constructed in harmony with the river, all designed in irregular shapes. Visitors can soak in the hot springs while enjoying the sound of flowing water, the beauty of flowers, blue skies, and the chirping of birds, creating a perfect blend with nature.

Therapeutic Effects

Ya Sha Di Waterfall Hot Springs is situated on a slope of the Kele Mountains (克勒大山), with water temperatures reaching up to 93 degrees Celsius. It is a typical therapeutic hot mineral spring, rich in various beneficial minerals essential for the human body, such as metasilicic acid, fluorine, sulfur, hydrogen, boric acid, iron, iodine, and zinc. It contains radon gas, an inert gas known for its therapeutic properties. The spring is believed to promote blood circulation, stimulate the body, and have a strong health-preserving effect on the cardiovascular system. It is also effective for muscle spasms, neuralgia, rheumatism, skin diseases, and gastrointestinal issues, while enhancing physical condition, immunity, and disease prevention. As such, Ya Sha Di hot springs are often referred to as the “Divine Spring of Heaven.”

Current Situation

In 2002, after the road from Gejiu to Yuanyang was opened, the road connecting Gejiu to Ya Sha Di Waterfall Hot Springs was constructed, linking the hot spring source to the scenic area and establishing electricity supply. Local private enterprises were invited to assess the natural conditions, mineral content, and flow rate of the hot springs, as well as the government’s development plans. Recognizing the beauty of the area, which is characterized by ancient trees, flowing waters, fresh air, and abundant wildlife away from urban noise, the Ya Sha Di Waterfall Hot Springs Company began construction in 2003. By the Spring Festival of 2004, the hot springs were open to visitors, receiving over 1,000 tourists daily and generating more than 20,000 yuan in daily ticket revenue.

Since its opening in 2004, Ya Sha Di Waterfall Hot Springs has continually innovated under a people-oriented philosophy, introducing family-friendly soaking pools, pressure massage, geothermal stone therapy, a musical fountain square, and night lighting. The scenic area also fosters a variety of animals like peacocks, geese, golden pheasants, pearl chickens, koi, and cats to enhance visitors’ experiences and raise ecological awareness.

To ensure the quality of the hot spring water, the scenic area changes the water in swimming pools daily and aims for two or three changes on holidays. Other small soaking pools operate with flowing water, and water quality reports are displayed for visitors daily. Safety warning signs are set up in different areas, and lifeguards patrol continuously. Visitors will find no litter in the area, as staff regularly maintain cleanliness.

How to Get There

To reach Ya Sha Di Waterfall Hot Springs, you can take a bus or drive from Gejiu City (个旧市). The hot springs are approximately a 30-minute drive away, with clear signage directing you to the scenic area.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: The springs are enjoyable year-round, but visiting during the spring or autumn can provide a more pleasant climate.
• What to Bring: Don’t forget to bring swimwear, towels, and comfortable shoes for walking.
• Facilities: Ensure you check for available amenities such as changing rooms and dining options.
• Respect Nature: Follow the guidelines provided by the management to preserve the natural beauty of the hot springs.
• Safety: Always pay attention to safety warnings and follow lifeguard instructions while enjoying the hot springs.

Overview

Bailongdong Cave Scenic Area (弥勒白龙洞风景名胜区, Mílè Báilóngdòng Fēngjǐng Mìngshèngqū) is located in Mile County (弥勒县, Mílè Xiàn), Yunnan Province (云南省, Yúnnán Shěng), covering an area of approximately 30 square kilometers. The scenic area is situated along a national highway, with various attractions connected by roads, forming a circular route within the southern Yunnan tourism circuit.

Attractions

The Bailongdong Cave Scenic Area comprises several notable sites, including Bailongdong Cave, Sun Ranweng Tomb (孙髯翁墓, Sūn Ránwēng Mù), Mile Temple (弥勒寺, Mílè Sì), the Former Residence of Xiong Qinglai (熊庆来故居, Xióng Qìnglái Gùjū), the San Dai Yi Pin Feng Dian Fang (三代一品封典访, Sān Dài Yī Pǐn Fēng Diǎn Fǎng), Dashulongtan (大树龙潭, Dàshù Lóngtán), Meihua Hot Springs (梅花温泉, Méihuā Wēnquán), and Renshui Pond (热水塘, Rèshuǐ Táng).

Bailongdong is characterized by its extensive 2,500-meter-long pathways that extend across two levels, featuring significant sections like the South Palace (南宫, Nángōng), North Palace (北宫, Běigōng), Yaochi Wonderland (瑶池仙境, Yáochí Xiānjìng), and Underwater World (海底世界, Hǎidǐ Shìjiè). The cave houses diverse formations, including stalactites, stalagmites, stone towers, and columns, along with unique attractions like the “Dragon Wall Relief” (龙壁浮雕, Lóng Bì Fúdiāo), “Curved Stalagmites” (弯笋奇石, Wān Sǔn Qíshí), “Lingzhi Slanting Tower” (灵芝斜塔, Língzhī Xiétǎ), and “Underwater World.” The area also includes Phoenix Cave (凤凰洞, Fènghuáng Dòng) and Hot Air Cave (热气洞, Rèqì Dòng), adding to its allure.

Bailongdong is a layered dry cave developed from 225 million-year-old Triassic limestone, primarily formed through the accumulation of milky white secondary calcium and magnesium carbonates. It was designated as a provincial scenic area in Yunnan in 1993 and was rated as a national AA-level tourist attraction in 2001.

Name Origin

Long ago, the area around Mile County was abundant with clear waters and verdant hills, where people of various ethnicities lived in harmony. Jealous of this peace, an evil Black Dragon (黑龙, Hēilóng) used magic to dry up the lakes, causing crops to wither. A benevolent Dragon Girl (龙女, Lóngnǚ) named Yulian (玉莲, Yùlián) witnessed the suffering and sought to help by bringing rain, but the Black Dragon obstructed her at every turn.

A young man named Aqing (阿青, Āqīng) rallied the villagers to dig wells, ultimately discovering a spring that alleviated their suffering. After a series of trials, Aqing saved Yulian, who had lost her magical sword. Their union brought joy, but the Black Dragon’s jealousy led to tragedy, eventually resulting in Yulian’s departure from the human world. Years later, the underground palace crafted by the Dragon Girl was discovered, known today as Bailongdong.

Detailed Introduction

Bailongdong Cave is situated 31 kilometers southwest of Mile County, covering 2 million square meters. The area features numerous caves, with Bailongdong being the most spectacular. The cave system includes both indoor and outdoor exploration areas, with the indoor trails totaling 2,500 meters, shaped in an “8” pattern across two levels.

The four main attractions within the cave are the South Palace, North Palace, Yaochi Wonderland, and Underwater World, along with over 40 halls and numerous other sights. The karst landscape is well-developed, featuring unique geological formations, including the rare “Dragon Wall Relief,” “Curved Stalagmites,” “Lingzhi Slanting Tower,” and “Underwater World.”

Other notable sites include the spectacular Dashulongtan, which annually showcases unique phenomena, where spring water suddenly stops and reverses, only to erupt moments later.

How to Get There

To reach the Bailongdong Cave Scenic Area, travelers can drive from Kunming (昆明, Kūnmíng) via the G80 National Highway, taking approximately 2-3 hours. Public transport options, including buses from Kunming to Mile County, are also available.

Travel Tips

1. Best Time to Visit: Spring and autumn offer pleasant weather for exploration.
2. Footwear: Wear comfortable shoes for walking on uneven cave paths.
3. Guided Tours: Consider joining a guided tour for a comprehensive understanding of the geological formations.
4. Photography: Bring a camera to capture the stunning natural beauty, but be mindful of cave regulations regarding flash photography.
5. Stay Hydrated: Carry water, especially during summer months.

Location:

Overview

Nanhu Lake (南湖) is located in the southern part of Mengzi City (蒙自市), Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture (红河哈尼族彝族自治州), specifically in the southern region of Wenlan Town (文澜镇). The lake was formed from rainwater and was previously known as Caohai (草海) or Caobei (草陂). In the Ming Dynasty (明代), it was developed into a reservoir, with three hills named Penglai (蓬莱), Fangzhang (方丈), and Yingzhou Island (瀛洲岛) constructed in the lake, becoming a gathering place for scholars. It is also famously known as the origin of Yunnan’s (云南) renowned crossing-the-bridge rice noodles (过桥米线), making it a great destination for leisure.

Geographical Location

Nanhu Lake is located just outside the southern gate of Mengzi County (蒙自县), hence its name. The scenic area covers an area of 408,700 square meters, with a water area of 299,400 square meters and a storage capacity of 450,000 cubic meters. The lake’s clear waters and lush willows along the banks create a picturesque landscape, dotted with historical sites and recorded in the “Dictionary of Chinese Scenic Spots” (中国名胜词典).

Main Attractions

Originally known as Caohai, the lake was improved by Governor Qian Bang (钱邦) in the Ming Dynasty. He led the people to dredge out the muddy waters and constructed three small hills named after the mythical mountains of Penglai, Yingzhou, and Fangzhang. The lake area is approximately 300,000 square meters, with willow trees planted along the banks and three islands connected by pathways. Notable architecture includes the majestic Yingzhou Pavilion (瀛洲亭), a hexagonal three-tier structure adorned with glazed tiles and exquisite carvings, complemented by the soothing sounds of wind chimes. Various pavilions and unique flora abound, making it a perfect retreat for scholars.

The western scenic area is spacious and features state-level cultural heritage sites such as the Revolutionary Martyrs Memorial (革命烈士纪念碑) and the Memorial of Wen Yiduo (闻一多纪念碑). Additional attractions include the various gardens and sculptures scattered around the park.

Natural Landscape

1. Lakes The lake serves as the core attraction, with its clear waters reflecting the lush surroundings. Visitors can stroll along the banks, enjoy scenic views, and engage in fishing.
2. Garden Scenery The park features exquisite landscaping, including lawns, flowerbeds, rockeries, and fountains, allowing visitors to appreciate both natural and artistic beauty.
3. Ecological Scenery The park’s diverse ecological landscape includes wetlands, forests, and grasslands, providing opportunities to observe various birds and insects in their natural habitat.

Cultural Heritage

1. Historical Culture Nanhu Lake Park is rich in historical and cultural significance. It was once a gathering place for Qing Dynasty officials and literati, leaving behind many historical relics such as the Long Bridge (长堤) and the Heart-of-the-Lake Pavilion (湖心亭).
2. Ethnic Culture The park is a melting pot of various ethnic cultures. Visitors can enjoy performances of ethnic dances, music, and traditional crafts, as well as participate in cultural festivals such as the Torch Festival (火把节) and Water Splashing Festival (泼水节).

Tourism Services

1. Visitor Center The park has a visitor center offering information, ticketing services, and luggage storage.
2. Dining Facilities Various dining options are available, including Chinese and Western restaurants and snack stalls, serving authentic Yunnan cuisine.
3. Accommodation Facilities The park offers diverse accommodation options, including standard hotels, vacation villas, and camping sites.
4. Amusement Facilities The park includes various recreational facilities such as boats, bumper cars, and merry-go-rounds suitable for visitors of all ages.

Nanhu Lake Park attracts countless visitors with its beautiful natural landscapes and rich cultural heritage. The park provides a perfect setting for relaxation and cultural exploration. Whether you’re looking to unwind, appreciate nature, or learn about history and ethnic cultures, Nanhu Lake Park is a must-visit destination.

How to Get There

Mengzi City is accessible by taxi, walking, or public transport. Various transportation options are available to reach different scenic spots.

Travel Tips

• Check the weather forecast and dress appropriately, ensuring proper sun protection.
• Don’t miss local delicacies like fire-roasted house chrysanthemum rice noodles and other regional specialties.
• Consider staying at nearby hotels, such as the Helen Garden Hotel (海伦花园酒店), for a comfortable experience.
• Capture the beautiful scenery with your camera; the park is full of picturesque views!

Location:

Overview

Cuifeng Mountain (Cuìfēng Shān翠峰山) is located 14 kilometers west of Qujing City (曲靖市) in the Cuifeng Mountain Scenic Area. Buddhism was introduced to this area as early as the Tang Dynasty during the Nanzhao period, and the scenic area features several temples. It was once a Buddhist holy site with the “Nine Temples and Eighteen Courtyards.” The renowned Chinese geographer Xu Xiake (徐霞客) conducted a 16-day survey in Qujing in 1638, spending 11 days exploring Cuifeng, where he left behind over 5,000 words of travel notes.

Today, Cuifeng Mountain has been developed into a tourist destination with roads constructed and some temples restored. The Cuifeng Mountain Scenic Area combines a thousand-year-old Buddhist site with beautiful forest scenery. Covering an area of 4.13 square kilometers, it has a subtropical and warm temperate climate, experiencing neither extreme heat in summer nor severe cold in winter. The area boasts rich ecological resources and a long history of cultural heritage.

Cuishan Film City (翠山影视城)

In March 2002, inspired by Hengdian World Studios (横店) in Zhejiang, the Cuishan Film City (Cuìshān Yǐngshì Chéng) began construction. The designer, Qian Yunxuan (钱运选), was known for projects like “Three Kingdoms City” and “Water Margin City.” The local entrepreneur Zhang Jiayin (张迦茚), who is also the general manager of Huize County Mining Economic Development Co., Ltd. (会泽县矿山经济开发有限公司), invested in this project. Zhang stated, “The wood used comes from Myanmar, and we originally planned to invest 15 million yuan, but after the construction of ‘Shanhaiguan,’ ‘Ming Dynasty Street,’ and ‘Mugu Village,’ the budget was exhausted, leading to an additional investment of over 36 million yuan.” The film city was built not only for the shooting of “Who Rules the World” (谁主沉浮) but also to accommodate more film crews and tourists. Currently, it consists of four architectural clusters—“Ming Wangfu,” “Mugu Village,” “Shanhaiguan,” and “Ming Dynasty Street,” with over 180 scenic spots planned, including “Wu Sangui’s Artillery Battle Against Dorgon,” “Li Dingguo’s Ambush at Sancha River,” and others.

Zhang Jiayin is quite an extraordinary figure. He dropped out of school due to poverty, unable to afford the 80 cents per semester fee, but later became a successful businessman. He invested heavily in his hometown to build the well-known Yinvang Senior High School (茚旺高级中学) as a way to give back. This school transitioned from private to public, marking a significant change in its status.

Cuishan Film City covers an area of 26,000 square meters, combining Ming and Qing architecture, a large film base, tourism, leisure, and entertainment. By 2012, it had been the filming location for numerous productions including “Long River Rushing” (长河奔流) and “Dream Lover” (梦里情人). On February 20, 2004, the production team for the large TV series “Who Rules the World” selected Cuishan Film City as their primary filming site after extensive research.

Tourist Experience

Cuifeng Mountain is a popular tourist spot in Qujing Economic Development Zone (曲靖经开区). In summer, the area is lush with greenery and fresh air, while the antique and distinctive Cuishan Film City at the foot of the mountain adds to its charm. The unique Ming Dynasty architectural landscape combined with the natural beauty of Cuifeng Mountain attracts many visitors.

On July 6, reporters visited Cuifeng Mountain, where a steady stream of tourists could be seen queuing orderly at the ticket area. Once inside the scenic area, the detailed and exquisite architecture of the film city showcases the characteristics of the Ming Dynasty.

After visiting the film city, tourists stroll along the stone steps, breathing in the fresh air and admiring the stunning natural scenery of layered mountains and greenery. They often climb to the observation deck at the top of the mountain to overlook the entire city. Additionally, thrilling activities such as high-altitude slides, canyon rafting, and parent-child parks are also popular among visitors, who enjoy taking photos and engaging in these experiences.

Visitor Mr. Yu stated, “This is my second time in Qujing. The city is beautiful and friendly, with many surrounding tourist attractions. I explored several parks last year, and this year I want to bring my friends to see it.”

Visitor Ms. Zhang shared, “I came to Qujing from Chongqing to escape the summer heat. I’ve been here for five years; it truly is a summer paradise and very livable. This film city is iconic in Qujing, and I’ve visited three times. The air is good, the scenery is beautiful, and the forest coverage is high, plus it’s convenient to get here by car.”

To cater to different touring needs, the scenic area offers two routes: stone step paths for pedestrians and asphalt roads for vehicles. Staff member Du Peng mentioned that since January, the area has welcomed over 100,000 tourists. Moving forward, they will regularly train employees to improve service quality and enhance the management of the area’s environment to provide a better experience for visitors.

During meal times, restaurants near the scenic area thrive with business, and local seasonal snacks are popular among tourists. The tourism boom at Cuifeng Mountain not only boosts the local tourism industry but also generates considerable economic benefits for surrounding industries such as dining, transportation, and retail.

How to Get There

Cuifeng Mountain is easily accessible from Qujing City. Visitors can take public transportation or drive. The scenic area is well-signposted and provides ample parking for those traveling by car.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: Spring and autumn are ideal for pleasant weather and beautiful scenery.
• What to Bring: Comfortable walking shoes, water, and sunscreen are recommended.
• Dining Options: Explore local eateries for authentic Yunnan cuisine.
• Attractions: Don’t miss the film city and the stunning viewpoints along the hiking trails.
• Photography: Bring a camera to capture the breathtaking landscapes and architecture.

Location:

Overview

Zhujiangyuan Square (Zhujiangyuan Guangchang) is located in the center of Qilin District (麒麟区) in Qujing City (曲靖市). Established in 1983 and completed by the end of 1999, it covers an area of 150 acres. The square is situated south of the original Qilin Park (麒麟公园), seamlessly integrating with the scenic landscape. It features numerous sculptures, including the Three Rivers Goddess (三江女神), and a distinctive musical fountain, making it an essential gathering place for the local community.

Location and Design

Zhujiangyuan Square is positioned on the south road of Qilin District, with a beautiful landscape complemented by Liaokuo Park (寥廓公园). It is renowned for its picturesque scenery, often described as “the most extraordinary view of lake and mountain, with pavilions and towers rivaling Suzhou and Hangzhou.” The grand entrance consists of two elegant pavilions flanking a pair of Qilin statues (麒麟). The top of the entrance features a dragon and phoenix, symbolizing prosperity.

Attractions

The eastern side of the lake features a bonsai garden (盆景园), while the west boasts the Yingyue Building (映月楼). The tranquil lake creates a magical scene known as “Three Pools Reflecting the Moon” when illuminated by the full moon, separated by a stone arch bridge and Lotus Bridge (莲花桥). The square hosts three main attractions on its central island: Dong Island (东岛), Central Island (湖心岛), and Meihua Island (梅花岛). The architectural styles of Xixiang Building (潇湘楼), Niaoying Pavilion (碧波荡漾), and Qixian Pavilion (麒仙阁) provide a picturesque backdrop.

Renovation and Development

The Zhujiangyuan Square enhancement project covers a total area of 118,000 square meters, with a total investment of 70.59 million yuan. The project is planned in three phases. Upon entering the central area, visitors will find a beautifully landscaped recreational space filled with greenery. New installations, including a wind and rain bridge (风雨桥), cultural corridor (文化长廊), and calligraphy studio (书画坊), have been completed. The area has added approximately 7,000 square meters of green space, with various trees and flowers meticulously arranged.

Community and Recreation

The staff of Zhujiangyuan Square’s management indicated that the landscaping improvements aim to elevate the square’s aesthetic quality. Seasonal flowers and plants have been selected to enhance the existing landscape, ensuring a vibrant appearance throughout the year. As the second phase of development begins, efforts are underway to create a comfortable environment for residents, featuring facilities for leisure activities such as chess, fitness, and relaxation.

Cultural Significance

Zhujiangyuan Square and the original Qilin Park create a unique atmosphere enriched by sculptures and the nighttime musical fountain, making it a beloved retreat for the people of Qilin. The reflections of mountains and the shimmering water contribute to a picturesque environment. During spring, the square blossoms with poetic charm, as visitors leisurely stroll, children play, and pets accompany their owners.

Personal Memories

In the expansive city, Zhujiangyuan Square shines like a dazzling pearl, reflecting the daily lives and memories of the Qujing people (曲靖人). While some aspects have evolved with time, the square remains a cherished landmark, encapsulating the essence of community and nostalgia.

How to Get There

To reach Zhujiangyuan Square, visitors can take public transportation, including buses that serve the Qilin District. Taxis and ride-sharing services are also available for a direct route. For those driving, the square is accessible via the main roads leading into Qujing City.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: Spring and autumn are ideal for pleasant weather and blooming flowers.
• Facilities: Make use of the seating areas and restrooms provided within the square.
• Activities: Enjoy recreational activities such as boating on the lake or participating in local cultural events.
• Local Cuisine: Explore nearby food stalls and restaurants to experience local flavors.

Location:

Location and Description

Feilaisi Temple (飞来寺) is situated in the southeast corner of Zhengyi Mountain (正乙山) in Douwen Village, Longqing Township, Shizong County (师宗县), Qujing (曲靖). This mountain stands majestically and steeply, dominating the landscape with its grandeur. Inside the mountain, lush greenery and clusters of purple bamboo create a picturesque setting, enhanced by the vines hanging from ancient trees behind the temple, resembling jade curtains that sway gently in the breeze.

Overview

The temple is constructed along the mountain slope, facing northwest, allowing it to overlook the surrounding countryside. It features a series of structures along the central axis, including the mountain gate, Zisun Hall (子孙殿), Guansheng Hall (关圣殿), and Haichao Hall (海潮堂). The temple’s architecture covers an area of approximately 1,500 square meters, showcasing varying heights and harmonious arrangements of buildings, stones, and trees.

Historical Significance

According to the book “Yunnan Temples and Towers” (云南寺庙塔窟) published by Yunnan Science and Technology Press in 1996, Feilaisi was established in the 42nd year of the Ming Dynasty’s Wanli era (公元1614年), making it 388 years old. Legend has it that the original site was intended to be one kilometer away at a foul-smelling well. However, after a stormy night, the construction materials mysteriously relocated to the current site, leading the monks to interpret this as a divine sign. Thus, it was named “Feilaisi,” meaning “Temple of Arrival.”

Architectural Features

The Haichao Hall, located at the highest point of the temple, features a naturally formed stone canopy that covers the back half of the main hall. The hall’s design incorporates stone walls, wooden structures, and intricate carvings. Inside, the hall houses a large wooden clock tower with two bronze bells donated by a villager named Li Yangzheng from Douwen Village. The temple is adorned with a plaque from the Kangxi era inscribed with “Zhenyi Xianjing” (镇邑仙境), showcasing exquisite calligraphy.

Surroundings and Spiritual Atmosphere

The temple offers a tranquil environment, ideal for relaxation, contemplation, and creative pursuits for poets and artists. Visitors have left behind couplets reflecting their spiritual experiences, such as “Heaven’s grace descends from all directions; the people’s prayers bring blessings to all.”

Cultural Significance

Feilaisi Temple embodies the integration of Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism, resonating with the rulers’ ideals of governance through these philosophies. The temple has faced numerous challenges throughout history, including destruction during the Miao Rebellion and other tumultuous events. Nevertheless, restoration efforts have revived its former glory, attracting increasing numbers of pilgrims and visitors.

How to Get There

Feilaisi Temple can be accessed via local transportation options such as buses or taxis from Qujing city. The journey takes approximately one hour. Once in Shizong County, follow signs to Longqing Township and then to Douwen Village.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: Spring and autumn offer the most pleasant weather.
• Bring Water and Snacks: Although there may be local vendors, it’s advisable to carry your own supplies.
• Respect Local Customs: Be mindful of the spiritual significance of the temple; dress modestly and observe silence in worship areas.
• Stay Hydrated: The temple’s altitude can cause dehydration; drink plenty of water during your visit.
• Photography: Capture the stunning scenery, but remember to ask for permission when taking pictures of worshippers.

Location:

Caiyundong Cave (彩云洞) near Huashan Lake (花山湖) is another popular tourist destination at the source of the Zhu River (珠江). The cave stretches approximately 4 kilometers, with 8 main halls identified, 5 of which have been developed for tourism, allowing for a 1200-meter tour. The cave is named for its colorful stalactites, which resemble clouds in the sky. With its ancient formation and unique landscape, Caiyundong Cave is considered a gem among cave attractions.

Origin of the Name

The cave is located at the foothills of Xiandu Mountain (仙都山) and outside Yuxu Palace (玉虚宫), commonly referred to as Changmen Cave (阊门洞) and Tianmen Cave (天门洞). The entrance faces east, and every morning, colorful clouds often swirl around, hence the name Caiyundong (彩云洞).

Travel Guide

Local people from Zhanyi County (沾益县) describe Caiyundong Cave with the phrase: “Crystal flows like waterfalls, jade stones pile into mountains, rocks form ice, and emeralds string like curtains.” Although Caiyundong Cave may not be well-known among the many karst caves in Yunnan (云南), it is a deep, unique, and colorful underground cavern that has recently started to reveal its brilliance as it becomes developed for tourism. Recently, Zhanyi County has promoted Caiyundong Cave as an important new attraction ahead of the Fourth Zhu River Source Tourism Festival (珠江源旅游节).

Caiyundong Cave is a natural dark cave located at the southern end of Huashan Lake, approximately 30 kilometers south of the county seat and 20 kilometers north of the source of the Zhu River. The cave is about 3 kilometers long, spacious, and contains various side chambers. The general width and height range from 20 to 30 meters, with stalactites naturally dividing it into six distinct scenic areas:

1. First Hall: Spacious, featuring stone curtains and waterfalls.
2. Second Hall: Multi-layered, resembling a towering bamboo forest and dragon pillars.
3. Third Hall: Dominated by stone flowers and stalactites, offering a multitude of sights with every step.
4. Fourth Hall: Narrow and eerie.
5. Fifth Hall: Known as the Serpent Cave (盘蛇洞), filled with formations resembling intertwined snakes, some even bearing scales, suspected to be snake fossils.
6. Sixth Hall: Dense with stalactites, though still under development.

Unique Features

The rocks within Caiyundong Cave display a multitude of colors, including red, white, yellow, black, and purple, creating a breathtaking spectrum. One spacious hall’s ceiling is adorned with large and small dark stalactites, interspersed with white minerals. When viewed from the water pool below, the ceiling’s reflection resembles a steep mountain covered in dark vegetation, with patches of mottled white snow, forming a stunning “sea of forests and snowy plains” spectacle. The craftsmanship of nature here is truly awe-inspiring. Cross-sections of many stalactites reveal that colors like red, yellow, and black cover the outer layers, while the inner layers are pure white and beautifully crystalline.

Caiyundong Cave features many white rock formations, and according to guides, the sparkling material found here is highly prized crystal. While there are valuable stones and minerals within the cave, their distribution is sparse and low in quantity, limiting their mining value. Nevertheless, the saying “Crystal flows like waterfalls, jade stones pile into mountains, rocks form ice, and emeralds string like curtains” holds true.

The cave is filled with a variety of stalagmites, columns, and hanging stones. What makes it even more remarkable are the “animals,” “plants,” and even “people” crafted from the formations found throughout the cave. Creatures such as lions, monkeys, peacocks, crocodiles, elephants, and qilins (麒麟) can be seen, along with vivid representations of items like Dali milk fans (大理乳扇) and Xuanwei ham (宣威火腿), making for a breathtaking exploration.

Even more rare is the cave’s vibrant ecosystem. Many rocks and stalactite tips bear tiny, transparent stone buds that resemble newborns, delicate and pure, which slowly grow year after year—this is relatively uncommon in Yunnan’s caves.

How to Get There

Caiyundong Cave is located at the southern end of Huashan Lake in Zhanyi District, Qujing. The nearest major city is Qujing, which can be reached via bus or car. From Qujing, take Highway G320 towards Zhanyi County. Follow the signs for Huashan Lake; the cave entrance is approximately 30 kilometers from the county seat.

Travel Tips

1. Best Time to Visit: The ideal time to explore Caiyundong Cave is during the dry season (October to April) when the cave is less humid and more accessible.
2. What to Bring: Wear comfortable shoes and bring a flashlight, as some areas may be dimly lit. A light jacket is recommended, as the cave can be cool.
3. Guided Tours: Consider joining a guided tour for a more informative experience, as guides can point out unique formations and share stories about the cave.
4. Safety Precautions: Follow safety instructions and stay on marked paths to avoid accidents in the cave.

Location:

Overview

The full name of the stele is “The Stele of Cuan Shijun, Marquis of Qiongd County, Protector of the Southern Barbarians, and General Longxiang of Song Dynasty”. This stele was inscribed during the Southern Song Dynasty in the second year of the Daming era (AD 458), and the text was written by Cuan Daoqing (爨道庆). The exact date of its discovery is unknown, but it has been documented since the Yuan and Ming dynasties and has circulated in rubbings. The stele is currently located in the Douge Temple of Xueguan Fortress, about 3 kilometers west of the colorful sand forest in Luliang County (陆良县), Yunnan Province (云南省). The stele measures 3.38 meters in height, 1.35 meters in width at the top, and 1.46 meters at the bottom.

The upper part of the stele features relief sculptures of a Qinglong (青龙), Baihu (白虎), and Zhuque (朱雀), with a hole below that measures 0.17 meters in diameter. On either side of the hole are sun and moon patterns, with a bird (三足乌) carved in the sun and a toad in the moon, each with a diameter of 0.16 meters.

The text is inscribed on both sides of the stele. The front side has 24 lines, each containing 45 characters. In addition to detailing the identity of the stele’s subject, it also chronicles the origin of the Cuan family, their lineage, the process of their migration from Henan (河南) to Yunnan, and the accomplishments of the stele’s subject. The reverse side contains three columns of text: the upper has 15 lines, the middle has 17 lines, and the lower has 16 lines, with varying character counts from 3 to 10 per line, documenting the officials and colleagues who erected the stele. The end of the stele features inscriptions from three individuals: Yuan Quan, Qiu Jun’en, and Yang Pei from the Qing dynasty. The total text on both sides exceeds 1,000 characters, written primarily in standard script but still showing elements of clerical script. The characters are bold and vigorous, showcasing an elegant style with variations in form.

Stele Inscription Content

Heading

“The Stele of Cuan Shijun, Marquis of Qiongd County, Protector of the Southern Barbarians, and General Longxiang of Song Dynasty”.

Main Text

The gentleman’s name is Lóngyán (龙颜), styled Shìdé (仕德), from Tónglè County (同乐县), Jiànníng (建宁). His ancestors were originally of the high lineage of Zhuānxù (颛顼), a talented descendant of Zhùrón (祝融). They established deep roots without stagnation.

In the flourishing days of the Xià dynasty, he displayed the five teachings and gained merit in nine regions. His pure virtue was known throughout the ages, and his benevolence spread for countless generations. Thus, he shone brightly in the Western Mountains, commanding respect in Yǐng and Chǔ, and his deeds were celebrated in the Spring and Autumn period, echoing through the generations.

In the latter Han period, he was elected in the tenth year of Yìxī (义熙) as a talented scholar and served in the central government; he contributed to the stability of the Middle Kingdom.

Later, during the end of the Han dynasty, the Cuàn clan settled in Yunnan, marrying into noble families, thus gaining prominence. His ancestor Sù (肃) served as the Minister of State, and his father served as a military governor and was posthumously honored as the Marquis of Qióngdū.

Lóngyán was the great-grandson of a minister, possessing a noble demeanor and virtuous character. He was known for his kindness and was always respected. He was selected as a scholar in the tenth year of Yìxī and served in various capacities with clear achievements.

He was later appointed as the General of Dragon Rising and acted as the Governor of Jiànníng, showing loyalty and kindness. Lóngyán passed away at the age of 61. After his death, his achievements were commemorated in this stele.

Main Text in Chinese

君讳龙颜，字仕德，建宁同乐县人。其先世本高阳颛顼之玄胄，才子祝融之渺胤也。清源流而不滞，深根固而不倾。
君的名字是龙颜，字仕德，来自建宁同乐县。他的先祖是高阳的玄胄，才子祝融的后裔。源流清晰而不受阻滞，根基深厚而不倾斜。

夏后之盛，敷陈五教，勋隆九土。纯化布于千古，仁功播于万祀。故乃耀辉西岳，霸王郢楚，子文铭德于春秋，斑朗绍纵于季叶。
在夏朝的盛世，弘扬五教，功勋遍布九土。纯德流传千古，仁惠传承万代。因此，西岳辉映，霸主在郢楚，子文铭记春秋，斑朗在季叶之间。

阳九运否，蝉蜕河东，逍遥中原。班彪删定《汉记》，班固述修《道训》。
阳九的命运不佳，蝉脱落于河东，自在于中原。班彪编纂《汉记》，班固续写《道训》。

爰暨汉末，采邑于爨，因氏族焉。姻娅媾于公族，振缨蕃乎王室。
在汉末时期，采邑于爨，因此形成了家族关系。婚姻联姻于贵族，振兴王室。

乃祖肃，魏尚书仆射，河南尹，位均九例，舒翮中朝。迁运庸蜀，流薄南入，树安九世，千柯繁茂，万叶云兴；乡望标于四姓，邈冠显于上京。
曾祖肃，魏国的尚书仆射，河南尹，位列九品，舒展翅膀于中央朝廷。迁至庸蜀，南迁流薄，树立了九世之安，千株繁茂，万叶云集；家乡在四姓中显赫，远在上京之中。

瑛豪继体，于兹而美。祖，晋宁、建宁二郡太守，龙骧将军，宁州刺史。考龙骧辅国将军八郡监军，晋宁、建宁二郡太守，追谥宁州刺史、邛都县侯。
瑛豪继承体制，因而美好。祖父是晋宁和建宁两郡的太守，龙骧将军，宁州刺史。父亲是龙骧辅国将军，监军八郡的太守，追封宁州刺史、邛都县侯。

金紫累迹，朱黻充庭。君承尚书之玄孙，监军之令子也。
金紫的历史辉煌，朱黻装饰庭院。君是尚书的玄孙，监军的子孙。

容貌玮于时伦，贞操超于门友。温良冲挹，在家必闻。本州礼命主簿不就，三辟别驾从事史，正式当朝，靖拱端右。
君的容貌在当时是美丽的，品德超出邻居。温良和气，家中名声显赫。地方官的礼命主簿不就，三次被荐为别驾，成为当朝的重要官员。

仁笃显于朝野，清名扇于遐迩。举义熙十年秀才，除郎中、相国西镇，迁南蛮府行参军，除试守建宁太守。
仁爱在朝野之间显著，清名在远近传播。被推举为义熙十年的秀才，担任郎中，后迁任南蛮府行参军，试守建宁太守。

剖符本邦，衣锦昼游。民歌其德，士咏其风。于是贯伍乡朝、本州司马、长史。而君素怀慷慨，志存远御，万国归阙，除散骑侍郎。
治理本邦，衣锦还乡。民众歌颂其德行，士人咏叹其风采。于是担任伍乡朝、本州的司马、长史。而君素有慷慨之怀，志向远大，万国归阙，担任散骑侍郎。

进无烋容，退无愠色，忠诚简于帝心，芳风宣于天邑。
前进时容光焕发，退后时面无愠色，忠诚深得帝心，芳香之风传播于天邑。

除龙骧将军，试守晋宁太守，轺车钺斧，金章紫绶，綮戟幢盖，袭封邛都县侯。
被任命为龙骧将军，试守晋宁太守，轺车权杖，金章紫绶，綮戟幢盖，袭封邛都县侯。

岁在壬申，百六遘衅，州土扰乱，东西二境，凶竖狼暴，缅成寇场。
在壬申年，发生了多次叛乱，州土动荡不安，东西两地狼狈不堪，成为了盗匪的滋生地。

君收合精锐五千之众，身伉矢石，扑碎千计，肃清边嵎。君南中磐石，人情归望，迁本号龙骧将军、护镇蛮校尉、宁州刺史、邛都县候。
君召集精锐五千，身披铠甲，勇猛奋战，清扫边疆。君在南中如磐石般坚定，人心向望，转任龙骧将军、护镇蛮校尉、宁州刺史、邛都县侯。

荆襟楚角，海宇云嶙；东隅已逝，桑榆非晚。得君相则小三求，惟公三变，为百年而立。
荆州襟怀，楚地角落，海宇苍茫；东隅已逝，桑榆尚早。得君相辅，欲求更小的利益，为百年之计而立。

Background

The Cuanlongyan Tablet (爨龙颜碑) was established in the second year of the Liu Song Dynasty (刘宋, Liú Sòng) (A.D. 458) by the prominent Cuan family (爨氏, Cuàn shì) in Tongle County (同乐县, Tónglè xiàn), now Luliang County (陆良县, Lùliáng xiàn), Qujing (曲靖, Qūjìng). The inscription chronicles the achievements of Cuan Longyan (爨龙颜, Cuàn Lóngyán), whose ancestors served as governors and inspectors during the Jin (晋, Jìn) and Song (宋, Sòng) Dynasties. This indicates that when the Eastern Jin Dynasty (东晋, Dōng Jìn) lost direct control over Ningzhou (宁州, Níngzhōu), the Cuan family governed the region under the title of inspector. Cuan Longyan passed the imperial examination in the tenth year of the Yixi era (义熙, Yìxī) (A.D. 414) and served in the central court; he remained loyal to the Liu Song Dynasty, as the inscription states, “Loyalty is simple in the emperor’s heart, fragrant winds announce in the heavenly city.” This reflects the diplomatic policy towards the Cuan family, allowing peaceful coexistence and enabling them to support the imperial authority in the southwest.

In A.D. 432, the Zhao Guang Rebellion (赵广起义, Zhào Guǎng qǐyì) broke out in Yizhou (益州, Yìzhōu), prompting various ethnic groups in the south to respond. Amid this turmoil, Cuan Longyan gathered a force of 5,000, crushing the rebellion. For his achievements, he received significant rewards and was later appointed as a military official to guard the southwestern frontier. After securing local governance, he reformed the administration, ensuring both the Cuan family’s influence and loyalty to the central power. After Cuan Longyan’s death, his deeds were memorialized on the tablet.

Artistic Appreciation

Calligraphy Style

The inscription exhibits powerful, dynamic brushwork with significant variation in strokes. Although rendered in standard script (楷书, kǎi shū), it retains elements of clerical script (隶书, lì shū). The tablet features pronounced reverse strokes, center-driven lines, and hidden ends, contributing to its unique character. Some long horizontal strokes exhibit a lively, floating quality, reflecting clerical script influences. The style is reminiscent of Northern Dynasty inscriptions and is often compared to renowned works from the Northern Wei Dynasty (北魏, Běi Wèi). The strokes are robust, evoking a sense of strength, while the overall composition maintains an elegant balance between heaviness and grace.

Structure

The Cuanlongyan Tablet adopts a flat and spacious structure, with a natural and simple demeanor, balancing shapes and lengths to create an engaging aesthetic. The composition emphasizes interest and natural beauty while maintaining a diverse structure. Variations in character size and stroke length contribute to a unique charm. Repetitive characters, such as “不” (bu), “军” (jun), “宁” (ning), and “龙” (long), display distinct characteristics in both structure and execution.

Flexibility and Innovation

The tablet’s characters display a blend of traditional and innovative styles. Sun Guoting (孙过庭, Sūn Guòtíng) noted that genuine script conveys essence through strokes. This perspective reveals that the tablet balances formality with a flexible spirit. The writer skillfully arranged strokes, employing various styles, enhancing the visual appeal and conveying depth and intricacy.

Layout

The overall layout of the Cuanlongyan Tablet is well-balanced, combining dense and sparse elements. It transcends the principle of uniformity, blending distinct styles within a structured composition, resulting in an aesthetically pleasing experience.

Notable Comments

Kang Youwei (康有为, Kāng Yǒuwéi), a revolutionary and thinker of the Qing Dynasty, remarked on the tablet’s aesthetic qualities, highlighting its balance of beauty and intricacy. Yang Shoujing (杨守敬, Yáng Shǒujìng), a calligrapher, appreciated the variations within its clerical style, while Ruan Yuan (阮元, Ruǎn Yuán) described it as a unique piece in Yunnan (云南, Yúnnán), showcasing the mastery of Han (汉, Hàn) and Jin (晋, Jìn) Dynasty calligraphy. Guifu (桂馥, Guì Fù), a scholar, noted the delightful simplicity of its calligraphy.

Historical Legacy

The Cuanlongyan Tablet gained attention during the late Qing Dynasty due to Ruan Yuan’s endorsement. Its robust calligraphy and historical significance make it a valuable resource for studying Chinese calligraphy. Besides its artistic merits, it serves as evidence of the Cuan family’s prominence and the relationship between local and central governance, reflecting the integration of Han culture and local ethnic influences, leading to the emergence of Cuan culture.

In 1961, the Cuanlongyan Tablet was designated a national key cultural relic. Restoration efforts were undertaken in 1962, with the tablet being relocated to a nearby hall in 1986 due to severe weathering.

How to Get There

The Cuanlongyan Tablet is located in Luliang County (陆良县, Lùliáng xiàn), Qujing (曲靖, Qūjìng), Yunnan Province (云南省, Yúnnán shěng). Visitors can reach the site by taking a bus or driving from Qujing City (曲靖市, Qūjìng shì), which is well-connected by major highways. Public transportation options are available from Kunming (昆明, Kūnmíng) to Qujing.

Travel Tips

• Visit during spring or autumn for pleasant weather.
• Take time to explore the surrounding area for additional historical sites.
• Consider hiring a local guide to enhance your understanding of the cultural context.

 

Location:

Overview

Liaokuo Mountain Forest Park is located 1 kilometer southwest of Qujing City (曲靖市). Established as a park in 1973, it covers an area of 218 acres and features attractions such as a cherry blossom garden, plum garden, children’s playground, and zoo. The mountain is lush with greenery, elegant pavilions, and winding paths, offering a panoramic view of the Qujing Basin (曲靖坝子).

Introduction

Liaokuo Mountain, originally known as Miaogao Mountain (妙高山), is situated 1 kilometer southwest of Qujing City. From the mountain, visitors can enjoy breathtaking views of the densely packed buildings in Qilin District (麒麟区), rivers, and mountains, giving a sense of being on top of the world. The area is rich in forests, bamboo groves, and blooming wildflowers, with green grass and competing plum and orchid blossoms in the park. Pavilions are built according to the terrain, and winding paths meander throughout the area. The park is home to animals such as monkeys, bears, deer, and peacocks, making it a favorite spot for children.

Located in the southwestern suburbs of Qujing City, Liaokuo Mountain is also known as Shengfeng Mountain (胜峰山). The name originates from a significant battle during the Ming Dynasty (明朝) when generals Zhu Yuanzhang (朱元璋) and his subordinates, such as Fu Youde (傅友德) and Lan Yu (蓝玉), defeated the Yuan army and captured their commander, Dalima (达里麻). To commemorate this victory, the mountain was named Shengfeng Mountain. The area was designated as a park in 1973.

Park Features

In 1958, while constructing the Xiaoxiang Reservoir (潇湘水库) and roads on the mountain’s side, a large number of ancient fish fossils were discovered. Experts identified these as the earliest known ancient fish fossils in the world, dating back approximately 420 million years. The park spans 218 acres and includes a cherry blossom garden, plum garden, children’s playground, and zoo. The mountain is adorned with blooming flowers, shady trees, elegant pavilions, and winding paths. Climbing to a high point offers a comprehensive view of the vibrant Qujing Basin, creating a refreshing and tranquil atmosphere.

The park features several attractions, including a monkey hill, deer park, a revolutionary memorial, and a statue of Xu Xiake (徐霞客). The highest structure on the mountain is the Jingning Pagoda (靖宁宝塔), which is also the third tallest building in the country. From the top of the pagoda, visitors can overlook the entire Qujing urban area.

The landscape greening project in the key areas of the southern slope of Liaokuo Mountain has been completed, with 706 acres of afforestation undertaken, an investment of 2 million yuan, and a survival rate of 96%.

How to Get There

To reach Liaokuo Mountain Forest Park, you can take a local bus from Qujing City center or drive, as it is only a short distance away. The park is well signposted, making it easy to locate.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: Spring is particularly beautiful when the cherry and plum blossoms are in bloom.
• Bring Snacks: There are limited dining options within the park, so pack some snacks and water for your visit.
• Dress Comfortably: Wear comfortable shoes suitable for walking, as you’ll be exploring the park’s trails.
• Wildlife Watching: Keep an eye out for the animals in the zoo and the natural surroundings, but do not feed them.
• Photography: The park offers stunning views and vibrant flora, so don’t forget your camera!

Location:

Location

Tiānshēng Dòng, located in Xiping Town (西平镇), Qujing City (曲靖市).

Overview

Tiānshēng Dòng is a northeast-oriented karst cave with a depth of 1,560 meters. Initially, the entrance features a low passage, about the height of a person, gradually increasing in height and twisting in form. Inside, there are stones resembling grinding discs, with a column connecting to the ceiling, known as Qīngshù Pánkōng (青树盘空). Beneath the stones, numerous hollows can be found, with the right side connected to a cliff, sometimes referred to as Shuǐmó Fēixuán (水磨飞旋). As one progresses, a bright skylight emerges, accompanied by a refreshing breeze. Continuing further leads to a spacious hall, approximately 30 meters high and 20 meters wide, featuring cliffs and unique rock formations.

Scenic Spot Introduction

Tiānshēng Dòng is renowned as the first city at the source of the Pearl River (珠江), previously the location of the Zhan Yi County (沾益县) government. This ancient town is a significant hub in eastern Yunnan (滇东). Tiānshēng Bà (天生坝), located about 4 kilometers northwest of the town, is surrounded by mountains and contains a small lake now named Niúguòhé Reservoir (牛过河水库). A water plant is nearby, supplying the town’s water needs. The mountainsides are lush with pine trees, creating a serene and picturesque environment. The lake is distant from the village, adding to its natural charm. The cave has become a popular tourist attraction in recent years.

Historical Records

Originally known as Xiānrén Dòng (仙人洞), Tiānshēng Dòng is documented in the Guangxu era’s Zhan Yi Prefecture Gazetteer (《沾益州志·古迹》): “The Xiānrén Dòng in the upper village, with stone towers and Buddha statues, resembles a fairyland. Its depth remains unknown, sharing the same name as Tiānshēng Bà.” In the sixth year of the Qianlong era (1741), local resident Wáng Yǔmó (王宇谟) and others explored the cave based on local folklore, documenting their experience in Record of the Immortal Cave (《仙人洞记》). It is said that there was once a temple at Tiānshēng Bà, now no longer present. Nearby, Tiānshēng Waterfall (天生瀑布) was once listed as one of the eight scenic spots of Zhan Yi.

Main Attractions

With the growth of the economy and tourism, government investments have developed Tiānshēng Dòng into a sightseeing destination.

At the eastern entrance of the hall, stone columns rise, adorned with peculiar stone flowers. Nearby, a small hollow filled with water is nicknamed Yǔwā Shí (雨蛙石), while the walls exhibit stalactites resembling various animals, appearing lifelike. Behind the hall, terraced fields can be found, some on slopes with delicate patterns, while others are flat, showcasing a mix of sizes. It is said that these fields are where the immortals farm.

Continuing from the main hall, visitors pass through Shímén (石门) and Qiānzǐ Shí (亲嘴石) before reaching the back hall, which is comparably spacious. To the north of the hall, a pillar rises, its upper part resembling a Buddha’s head, intricately carved. In the shallow water of a pond nearby, a stone resembles a crouching frog, humorously referred to as “the frog stepped on by a cow” (青蛙被牛踩).

The walls feature stalactites shaped like palms, large trees, and vines. The lower levels of the cave are filled with wonders, while the “upper hall” is even more magnificent.

Not far from the skylight, visitors can ascend via the “heavenly ladder” (天梯) along the stone wall to discover a wealth of stunning sights. The passages, about 30 to 40 meters long, contain stalactites that tower like pagodas, clusters resembling mushrooms, and large pink stones that appear to float. The natural beauty preserved here is astonishing.

Crossing the “second floor” over a wooden walkway and ascending two perilous ladders leads to the cave’s “music hall.” Here, many green lotus-shaped stalactites can produce sounds; with proper tapping by familiar hands, harmonious melodies can be created. It is said that the developers of the cave used these stone tubes to play “The East Is Red” during their breaks, recording the performance as well!

How to Get There

To reach Tiānshēng Dòng, you can drive or take a local bus to Xiping Town from Qujing City. The cave is well-signposted, and parking is available nearby.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: Spring and autumn for comfortable weather.
• What to Bring: Comfortable shoes for walking, a flashlight for exploring darker areas, and water.
• Safety Precautions: Be cautious on wet and slippery paths inside the cave.