Luobenzhuo Bai Ethnic Township is located in the northern part of Lushui City, Nujiang Prefecture, Yunnan Province, within the Nujiang River Valley. Below is a detailed introduction to Luobenzhuo Bai Ethnic Township:
Geographic Location and Administrative Divisions
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Location: Luobenzhuo Bai Ethnic Township is situated in the northern part of Lushui City. It borders Lantsang County to the east, Gudeng Township to the south, the Myanmar border along the crest of Gaoligong Mountain to the west, and Pipa Nu Ethnic Township in Furong County to the north.
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Administrative Divisions: As of June 2020, Luobenzhuo Bai Ethnic Township consists of 1 community and 8 administrative villages, with the township government located in Tuotuo Village.
Population and Ethnic Composition
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Population: The township has a total of 2,696 households and a population of 11,133 people.
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Ethnic Composition: The township is home to Bai, Lisu, and Nu ethnic groups. The main ethnic group is the Bai sub-branch “Lei Mo people,” who account for 66.6% of the population. The Lisu ethnic group makes up 32.9%, and other ethnic groups account for 0.36%.
Topography, Climate, and Natural Resources
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Topography: Located in the Nujiang River Valley, the township has a topography characterized by high elevations in the east and west and lower elevations in the center, dominated by mountainous terrain. Major mountain ranges include the Gaoligong Mountain Range and the Biluo Snow Mountain Range. The highest peak, Shuimo Shi, is located at the border between Jinping and Oga villages and Myanmar, with an elevation of 4,140.7 meters. The lowest point, “Yiwu Jiujiang Beach,” is located at the border between Luobenzhuo Bai Ethnic Township and Gudeng Township, with an elevation of 1,040 meters.
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Climate: The township experiences significant vertical climatic variations, with three distinct climate zones: cold in the high mountains, temperate in the mid-mountain areas, and hot in the river valleys. The average annual temperature is 23°C, with extreme highs of 36°C and extreme lows of 4°C. The frost-free period averages 286 days, with an average annual sunshine duration of 2,478.4 hours and an average annual rainfall of 1,023 millimeters.
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Natural Resources: The township has vast mountainous areas, a humid climate, and abundant plant resources. It is rich in agricultural products and medicinal herbs such as lacquer, tung oil, beans, potatoes, and traditional Chinese medicines like Huanglian and Mu Xiang.
History and Culture
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Historical Evolution: From 1932 to 1949, the area was part of the Jinman Township under the Bijiang Administrative Bureau. From 1950 to 1957, it was the Fourth District of Bijiang County. In 1959, it was converted into a commune. In 1961, it was renamed the Fourth District of Bijiang County. In 1969, it became the Wuqi Commune. In 1981, it was renamed Luobenzhuo Commune. In 1984, it was upgraded to Luobenzhuo District. In December 1986, after the dissolution of Bijiang County, Luobenzhuo District was incorporated into Lushui County.
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Cultural Heritage: The main ethnic group in Luobenzhuo Bai Ethnic Township, the Bai sub-branch “Lei Mo people,” has a long history of cultural traditions and customs, including unique clothing, dances, songs, and musical instruments. The Peach Blossom Festival, held in late February or early March when peach blossoms bloom and cuckoos sing, is a significant cultural event. During the festival, various folk activities are held to wish for family happiness and a bountiful harvest.
Economic Development
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Economic Income: By the end of 2002, the total rural economic income of the township was 7.3893 million yuan, with a grain output of 3 million kilograms. The average per capita income of farmers was 662.46 yuan, and the average per capita grain availability was 273.6 kilograms. Poverty remains widespread and severe.
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Development Potential: Luobenzhuo Township shares a border with Myanmar and has a long history of cross-border marriages and trade. The ongoing construction of the Pianma Port Oga Channel will further promote bilateral economic exchanges and increase the development of resources such as timber, minerals, and medicinal herbs, creating opportunities for economic cooperation and resource utilization on both sides of the border.
Overview
The Chieftain Government Office of TuE Town, known as Tù’é Tǔsī Yáshǔ (兔峨土司衙署), began construction in the first year of the Republic of China (民国元年, 1912). It is situated on a small hill southeast of the TuE River (兔峨河) and on the west bank of the Lancang River (澜沧江). The building faces south and features a traditional Bai ethnic (白族) residential style, consisting of a single entry with two courtyards, four wings, and five patios.
In 1998, it was recognized by the Yunnan Provincial Government (云南省人民政府) as a provincial-level cultural relic protection unit.
- Chinese Name: 兔峨土司衙署 (Tù’é Tǔsī Yáshǔ)
- Location: Yunnan Province, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Lanping County, TuE Town (云南省怒江傈僳族自治州兰坪县兔峨乡)
- Area: 900 m²
- Protection Level: Provincial-level cultural relic protection unit (云南省第五批省级文物保护单位)
Architectural Features
The Chieftain Government Office is adorned with intricately carved beams and painted eaves, showcasing its grandeur. The courtyard layout is well-organized, with a total of 54 rooms occupying an area of 990 m². The exterior walls are adorned with poetry, resembling a gallery of art. Surrounding the office are lush fruit trees and the melodious sounds of birds and flowers.
The main hall served as the office for the chieftain and housing for family members, with a guardhouse at the entrance. After 1951, the TuE Grain Depot operated within the office, converting parts of the structure into storage facilities. Although the windows and doors have changed, the main building and its exterior remain well-preserved, making it the only Bai chieftain’s office in the country to retain its original form.
In January 1958, the Lanping County Government allocated 55,000 yuan to assist the descendants of Luo Xing (罗星), the last chieftain, transitioning the office to government ownership. On June 20, 1986, it was designated a key cultural relic protection unit by the Lanping County Government. In 1989, it was placed under the management of the TuE Town Government, which also established a cultural center within its premises.
In February 2000, with support from the Yunnan Province and Nujiang Prefecture’s cultural relic departments, an investment of 110,000 yuan was made to restore damaged parts of the main entrance, screen wall, and stone steps.
Historical Significance
The Chieftain Office was completed in 1922 (民国11年) and features a traditional courtyard layout with a timber structure covering an area of 990 square meters. The TuE chieftain, a descendant of Luo Ke (罗克), was conferred land in 1382 during the Ming Dynasty (明朝). Following the establishment of the Qing Dynasty (清朝), the administrative center shifted to the economically and culturally lagging TuE area, thus promoting its development.
Cultural Context
The TuE Town area is home to several ethnic minorities, including the Nu (怒族), Lisu (傈僳族), and Bai (白族). The local population values music and dance, with the Nu ethnic group’s folk ritual dance, “A Lou Xi Bei” (阿楼西杯), being particularly famous. The system of chieftains historically played a role in maintaining social order and border security in Lanping.
How to Get There
To reach the Chieftain Government Office of TuE Town, you can take a bus or hire a vehicle from the city center of Lanping County (兰坪县). The site is easily accessible from the main roads leading through the Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture (怒江傈僳族自治州).
Travel Tips
- Cultural Respect: Be mindful of local customs and traditions when visiting the area.
- Photography: Capture the stunning architecture and scenic surroundings, but always ask for permission if photographing locals.
- Weather Consideration: Check the weather forecast before traveling, as conditions can change rapidly.
- Local Cuisine: Try local dishes and snacks offered by nearby vendors to experience the region’s flavors.
- Stay Safe: Always follow safety guidelines when exploring rural areas, especially when hiking or engaging in outdoor activities.
Visiting the Chieftain Government Office offers a glimpse into the rich history and culture of the Bai ethnic group while providing an understanding of the region’s development over the centuries.
Overview
Gandi Yibi Lake, located in Fugong County (福贡县), Nujiang (怒江) Prefecture, Yunnan (云南), is one of the undeveloped soft erosion lakes of the Mingjing Snow Mountain Range (明静雪山系). Situated approximately 40 kilometers east of the town of Shangpa (上帕镇), the lake boasts a clear northern shore and lies to the west of the Biluo Snow Mountain Range (碧罗雪山山脉). With an elevation of 3,490 meters, the lake covers an area of 52,500 square meters and has an average depth of 6 meters.
Scenic Beauty
During the summer months, the weather can be unpredictable; even a single shout can summon fierce storms. This mysterious alpine climate phenomenon, combined with the lake’s picturesque scenery that surpasses even the most enchanting landscapes, allows visitors to forget their worries and fatigue. It feels as if one melts into a mystical world, leading to its reputation as the “Charming Lake.”
Key Details
- Chinese Name: 干地衣比湖 (Gandi Yibi Lake)
- Location: 东 (East of Shangpa Town, Fugong County)
- Area: 52,500 m²
- Elevation: 3,490 m
How to Get There
To reach Gandi Yibi Lake, visitors typically start from Fugong County. The lake is approximately a 40-kilometer drive from the county center, which can be done by hiring a local vehicle or joining a tour group. Ensure to check the local weather conditions before traveling, as the high-altitude environment can affect accessibility.
Travel Tips
- Acclimatization: Due to the high altitude, allow time to acclimatize to prevent altitude sickness.
- Weather Preparedness: The weather can change rapidly; bring waterproof clothing and gear.
- Photography: The stunning landscapes are perfect for photography—bring your camera!
- Respect Nature: Follow local guidelines to preserve the beauty of the area.
- Local Cuisine: Don’t miss trying the local delicacies available in Fugong County.
Visiting Gandi Yibi Lake promises a serene experience in a breathtaking environment, perfect for those seeking adventure and natural beauty.
Overview
The Yaping Scenic Area (亚坪生态旅游风景区) is located on the west bank of the Nujiang River (怒江) in the Gaoli Gongshan Mountain (高黎贡山) region of Fugong County (福贡县). Positioned approximately 54 kilometers from the county seat, this scenic area boasts an elevation ranging from 2,600 to 3,000 meters. Here, the vibrant colors of nature are on full display, featuring snow-capped mountains, lush bamboo forests, pristine forests, and traditional local dwellings. This diverse ecological environment creates an enchanting atmosphere that draws visitors in.
Scenic Features
Natural Landscape
The Gaoli Gongshan Mountain is a majestic range that spans the landscape, with its peaks covered in snow year-round. The Yamo River (亚目河) flows through the area, creating breathtaking vistas where steep cliffs and unique rock formations are visible. Visitors can admire the various waterfalls and streams that punctuate the scenery, with the sound of cascading water harmonizing with the calls of cicadas and birds.
Yaping is located at the border between China and Myanmar, making it a secluded and tranquil spot. The area is relatively untouched by human activity, allowing it to retain its original beauty over the years. The region experiences a unique vertical climate, resulting in diverse ecosystems. From broadleaf forests at lower altitudes to coniferous forests as one ascends, the changing colors and varying landscapes resemble an unframed oil painting, extending infinitely.
Seasonal Beauty
Yaping is renowned for its stunning landscapes that change with the seasons:
- Spring: As the snow melts, life reawakens. Various flowers bloom, painting the landscape in vibrant colors.
- Summer: The area becomes lush and green, with flowing streams and waterfalls creating a refreshing atmosphere.
- Autumn: The mountains transform into a watercolor painting, with layers of colorful foliage.
- Winter: Snow blankets the area, creating a serene and picturesque winter wonderland.
Biodiversity
Yaping is a significant site for biodiversity in the Gaoli Gongshan Mountain region. It serves as a habitat for a variety of plant and animal species, contributing to the rich ecological tapestry. The area is often described as a natural art piece, exuding a primitive aura that fulfills humanity’s yearning for peace and natural beauty.
Historical Significance
The name “Yaping,” meaning “cliff and steep wall” in Lisu (傈僳) language, derives from a massive rock wall in Yaping Village. The valley is remote, spanning elevations from 1,300 to 3,400 meters. The landscape showcases a wide range of natural features, including rivers, gorges, traditional homes, waterfalls, and dense forests, making it a vital ecological region and a genetic repository for Asian plant species.
Historically, Yaping served as an important trade route during the Qing Dynasty, connecting Fugong County to Myanmar. The ancient trail remains a key commercial pathway, highlighting the area’s long-standing significance in cross-border trade.
Notable Landmarks
Stone Sun (石太阳)
One of the most striking natural features in Yaping is the “Stone Sun,” a gigantic stone pillar often referred to by locals as “Sun Mountain” or “Man Mountain.” Its imposing presence offers a breathtaking sight and is considered a sacred symbol within Lisu culture.
Moon Mountain (月亮山)
Located in Shiyueliang Township (石月亮乡), Moon Mountain is part of the Yaping Scenic Area and is one of the six major tourist attractions in the “Three Parallel Rivers” World Natural Heritage site. It functions as a natural geological museum and includes over 30 attractions, such as Stone Moon, Chang’e Cave (嫦娥洞), and Wohu Peak (卧虎峰). Visitors can enjoy panoramic views of the majestic Nujiang Grand Canyon (怒江大峡谷) from various viewpoints, such as Bajinshan (巴金山) and Magu Mountain (玛格约山).
Local Communities
Yaping Village
Yaping Village is a part of the administrative region of Luma Dengtong Township (鹿马登乡) and lies approximately 20 kilometers from the township government. The village is composed of nine smaller groups, including Jiebude (结布德), Shuiliduo (谁力朵), and others, totaling around 340 households and a population of 1,344. The majority of residents are from the Lisu ethnic group, which contributes to the rich cultural tapestry of the area.
In December 2019, Yaping Village was recognized as a national forest village, reflecting its commitment to preserving natural resources and promoting sustainable tourism.
How to Get There
To reach the Yaping Scenic Area from Fugong County, follow these steps:
- Travel by Car: The journey takes approximately one hour.
- Border Checkpoint: You will need to pass through a border checkpoint, so bring necessary identification and travel documents.
- Forest Protection Station: Upon reaching the forest protection station at 2,400 meters, you must have a reservation to proceed further.
Transportation
- The roads leading to Yaping are unpaved and may require a vehicle suitable for rough terrain.
- Public transportation options may be limited, so arranging private transport or a guided tour can enhance your experience.
Travel Tips
- Documentation: Ensure you have all necessary travel documents for border checkpoints.
- Reservations: Make reservations in advance if you plan to drive to higher elevations.
- Weather: Check weather conditions before your trip, as temperatures can vary greatly due to elevation changes. Dress in layers to accommodate these changes.
- Safety: Stay on marked trails and be aware of wildlife in the area. It’s advisable to carry a first aid kit and sufficient water.
- Timing: To fully enjoy the scenery, consider visiting during the spring or autumn when the weather is mild and the landscapes are particularly vibrant.
The Yaping Scenic Area is a breathtaking destination that offers a unique blend of natural beauty, biodiversity, and cultural significance, making it a must-visit location in Yunnan Province. Visitors are sure to be captivated by its stunning landscapes, rich history, and the tranquility it offers amidst nature.
Overview
The Lamadeng Valley Scenic Area (腊玛登景点) is located in Chenggan Township (称杆乡), Lushui City (泸水县), approximately 50 kilometers from Liuku (六库) at an elevation of 1,150 meters. The valley’s narrowest point measures about 10 meters, with a drop of over 20 meters. In the Lisu language (傈僳语), it is referred to as “Lakua Luo” and “Lamadeng Pei,” meaning “Tiger Jumping Gorge.” The cliffs on both sides of the gorge are steep and jagged, with bizarre rock formations emerging from the river. A prominent feature is the Tiger Jumping Stone (虎跳石), a massive boulder measuring about 2 meters square, lying in the center of the river. Water cascades down both sides of this boulder, creating tumultuous rapids and roaring sounds that resonate through the air, creating a stunning spectacle.
Lisu Legends
This area is rich in Lisu (傈僳族) legends about tigers, adding to its cultural significance. The Lamadeng Scenic Area (腊玛登景点) is specifically situated near Qiqiluo Village (齐期洛村), where the Nu River (怒江) narrows to about 20 meters. The gorge features overlapping peaks and numerous unique rock formations, with the majestic Tiger Jumping Stone lying horizontally in the river.
Historical Significance
On December 19, 2010, the first China Nujiang International Kayaking Competition took place here, featuring the thrilling and captivating third stage of the event. Kayakers bravely navigated through hanging rocks, hidden reefs, swift currents, and whirlpools. Like tigers crossing the river, they paddled fiercely, creating a visual feast for thousands of spectators on the cliffs.
Notable Features
The Lamadeng Scenic Area (腊玛登景点) is not only a site of natural beauty but also a location of rich cultural legends. The cliffs and the narrow river create a dramatic landscape, while the roaring waters crashing against the Tiger Jumping Stone contribute to the area’s allure.
Attractions
- Lamadeng Scenic Area (腊玛登景点)
- Location: Chenggan Township (称杆乡), Lushui City (泸水县), Yunnan Province (云南省)
- Highlights: Spectacular gorge views, unique rock formations, and cultural legends.
- Nujiang Grand Canyon (怒江大峡谷)
- Location: Near Luoben Zhuo Bai Ethnic Township (洛本卓白族乡), Lushui City (泸水县)
- Opening Hours: Open all day
- Features: Stunning landscapes, a paradise for photographers.
- Puhua Temple (普化寺)
- Location: Gongshan Dulong and Nu Autonomous County (贡山独龙族怒族自治县), Bingzhongluo Town (丙中洛镇), Yunnan Province (云南省)
- Opening Hours: Open all day
- Highlights: A historic temple rich in religious culture.
These attractions represent the essence of Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture (怒江傈僳族自治州), making them worthwhile for a day trip to experience the unique charm of the land.
How to Get There
To reach the Lamadeng Valley Scenic Area, you can drive or take a bus from Liuku (六库) to Lushui City (泸水县). Once in Lushui, head to Chenggan Township (称杆乡), specifically to Qiqiluo Village (齐期洛村). Follow local signage to the scenic area.
Travel Tips
- Safety Precautions: Prepare necessary gear, clothing, food, and emergency supplies. Inform family members of your travel plans, including routes and destinations. Keep communication devices charged and pack light to maintain stamina.
- Weather Considerations: Check weather conditions before your trip, especially since the area’s visibility can depend on rainfall.
Attractions and Names List
- Lamadeng Valley Scenic Area (腊玛登景点)
- Lushui City (泸水县)
- Chenggan Township (称杆乡)
- Qiqiluo Village (齐期洛村)
- Nu River (怒江)
- Tiger Jumping Stone (虎跳石)
- Nujiang Grand Canyon (怒江大峡谷)
- Luoben Zhuo Bai Ethnic Township (洛本卓白族乡)
- Puhua Temple (普化寺)
- Gongshan Dulong and Nu Autonomous County (贡山独龙族怒族自治县)
- Bingzhongluo Town (丙中洛镇)
Overview
The Yin and Yang Waterfalls (阴阳山瀑布) are located in Lushui City (泸水县) of Nujiang (怒江) Prefecture, approximately 24 kilometers from Liuku (六库). These spectacular waterfalls are situated within the Gaoligong Mountain Natural Reserve (高黎贡山自然保护区) and consist of two distinct waterfalls. The Yin Mountain Waterfall (阴山瀑布) is shaded from sunlight year-round, cascading endlessly from a high peak with a drop of over 180 meters.
Key Features
- Height: 255 meters
- Width: 5 meters
- Nickname: “Eternal Lovers” (千古情侣)
The Yang Mountain Waterfall (阳山瀑布) boasts a height of 255 meters and a width of 5 meters. Water flows powerfully from the waterfall’s summit, plunging down with a thunderous roar that echoes in the valley, audible from miles away. The two waterfalls are less than 200 meters apart, merging into a single stream that flows into the Nu River (怒江), hence earning the title of “Eternal Lovers.”
The cliffs beneath the Yin and Yang Waterfalls feature steep peaks surrounded by lush, primeval forests, where ancient trees tower above. Especially stunning are the brown-backed cuckoos (棕背杜鹃) covered in snow, which take on various shapes during the blooming season, making the mountains appear like a giant flower basket. Regardless of the season, the waterfall’s water remains crystal clear.
Sanhe Village (三河村)
Sanhe Village (三河村) is located within the territory of Lushui City (泸水县) in the Lu Zhang Town (鲁掌镇) area, nestled in the valley of the eastern slopes of Gaoligong Mountain (高黎贡山). The village derives its name from the confluence of three rivers: the Ancient Charcoal River (古炭河), Dripping River (滴水河), and Wanzhuan River (湾转河), which traverse the village.
The Yin and Yang Waterfalls are located in the Dripping River (滴水河) group of Sanhe Village (三河村), where two waterfalls flow down from the southern and northern sides of the mountain, respectively. These waterfalls are named after their respective mountains, Yin Mountain (阴山) and Yang Mountain (阳山).
Waterfalls Details
The Yin Waterfall (阴瀑) plunges from an elevation of 2305 meters, cascading in three levels with the widest section measuring about 10 meters and a drop of 255 meters.
The Yang Waterfall (阳瀑) is also about 10 meters wide, with a drop exceeding 180 meters. It is fully exposed to sunlight, with a substantial water flow. The water rushes out from a hollow, gliding a short distance before suddenly dropping down, akin to a warrior charging into battle after singing a triumphant song.
Both waterfalls are less than 200 meters apart, plummeting side by side into the valley, creating a stunning display as the waters converge and flow into the Dripping River (滴水河). From a distance, the Yin and Yang Waterfalls resemble a pair of lovers suspended between the mountains, entwined in an eternal embrace, earning the moniker “Eternal Couple Falls” (万年情侣瀑).
Since the implementation of river management policies along the Nu River (怒江), the ecological systems of rivers and lakes in the area have been effectively restored, enhancing water conservation functions and ecosystem stability.
Travel Tips
- Safety Advice: Plan ahead by preparing necessary gear, clothing, food, and emergency supplies. Communicate your travel plans, including routes and destinations, to family members. Carry communication devices with sufficient battery life. Pack efficiently to maintain physical stamina.
- Weather Advice: The visibility of the waterfalls depends on precipitation levels, so it is advisable to check weather conditions beforehand. Visiting after rainfall can provide the best viewing experience.
How to Get There
To reach the Yin and Yang Waterfalls, you can take a bus or drive from Liuku (六库) to Lushui City (泸水县). From Lushui, head to Lu Zhang Town (鲁掌镇) and follow signs to Sanhe Village (三河村). The waterfalls are a short hike from the village.
Attractions and Names List
- Yin and Yang Waterfalls (阴阳山瀑布)
- Lushui City (泸水县)
- Nujiang Prefecture (怒江)
- Gaoligong Mountain Natural Reserve (高黎贡山自然保护区)
- Dripping River (滴水河)
- Sanhe Village (三河村)
- Ancient Charcoal River (古炭河)
- Wanzhuan River (湾转河)
- Yin (阴)
- Yang (阳)
Introduction to Longpu Village
Traveling north from Qinglatong (青拉桶) in Bingzhongluo (丙中洛), the first village you encounter in the Tibet Autonomous Region is Songta (松塔), followed by Longpu Village (龙普村) in Chawalong Township (察瓦龙乡), Chayu County (察隅县). The area around Bingzhongluo is home to a mix of Tibetan and Nu ethnic groups, while Longpu is predominantly inhabited by the Nu people (怒族). Nestled alongside the flowing Nu River (怒江) and bordered by lush, untouched forests, Longpu shines like a precious gem. Its most enchanting feature is its pottery craftsmanship, which reflects the rich culture of the Nu people.
Tourist Attractions
Upon entering Longpu, visitors are greeted by pottery kilns and workshops where traditional pottery is crafted. Inside local homes, you will find a remarkable array of pottery items, including:
- Grain Jars (粮罐): Capable of holding hundreds of pounds of grain.
- Water Buckets (背水桶) and Water Tanks (水缸): Essential for daily chores.
- Cooking Pots (煮饭锅): Used for preparing meals.
- Smaller Items: Such as tea canisters (茶罐), butter tea pots (酥油茶壶), lamps (灯盏), incense burners (香炉), and small drinking cups (小酒杯).
These pottery items are often part of larger sets that include brewing tools (熬酒用具), fermentation jars (发酵罐), steaming pots (土甑子), straining pots (漏锅), funnels (漏斗), wine jars (酒坛), and wine cups (酒杯). The pottery-making process is simple; local artisans use only a smooth stone and a bamboo stick to shape the clay. They mold the clay on the stone and fire it over an open flame instead of in a specialized kiln. This simplicity is part of what makes Longpu’s pottery unique, given its isolation amidst towering mountains with no other pottery production for hundreds of miles.
Scenic Beauty
The natural beauty surrounding Longpu Village enhances its appeal. The region is characterized by:
- Pristine Forests (原始密林): Rich in biodiversity, these forests provide a serene backdrop.
- Lush Landscapes (茂密的自然环境): Rolling hills and valleys create picturesque views.
- Nu River (怒江): The river’s gentle flow adds to the tranquil atmosphere, making it ideal for reflection and relaxation.
Cultural Insights
Conversations with the villagers reveal a strong sense of community and connection to their land. The Nu people lead a simple life focused on subsistence agriculture and gathering:
- Herbal Gathering (挖药材): Locals often venture into the mountains to collect medicinal herbs, a common practice that supplements their diet and income.
- Community Bonds: Villagers cherish their time together, often gathering to share drinks and stories, highlighting the importance of community over material wealth.
The Journey to Longpu
As you travel along the Nu River upstream, you will first reach Songta Village (松塔村). Here, villagers, predominantly Nu, maintain Tibetan-style homes and practice Tibetan Buddhism. Life in Songta is characterized by a laid-back lifestyle, with locals content to engage in simple activities and celebrate their culture.
Continuing further up the river leads to Longpu, where the village, home to approximately 600 residents, faces imminent relocation due to the construction of the Songta Hydropower Station. The community is resilient, with villagers expressing their determination to stay, even if it means moving to higher altitudes.
Local Delicacies and Celebrations
Food and drink play an essential role in the social life of Longpu. Traditional meals often include:
- Local Alcohol (当地酒): Villagers enjoy drinking together, and gatherings often revolve around sharing homemade brews.
- Cultural Celebrations: Festivities involve music and dance, with community members encouraging visitors to join in the celebrations.
How to Get There
To reach Longpu from Bingzhongluo (丙中洛):
- Travel Route: Follow the road along the Nu River (怒江). The conditions are good while still in Yunnan, thanks to recent repairs due to the Songta Hydropower Station’s construction.
- Road Conditions: After passing Songta, be prepared for narrow, damaged roads. Vehicles with higher clearance can navigate the terrain, but caution is necessary due to steep cliffs along the river.
- Motorcycle Ride: Riding a motorcycle is particularly thrilling, but ensure your vehicle is well-maintained before embarking on the journey.
Travel Tips
- Safety First: Ensure your motorcycle is in good working condition before the trip, as road conditions can be unpredictable.
- Pack Essentials: Carry enough food, water, and emergency supplies, as services in remote villages are limited.
- Engage with Locals: The Nu people are welcoming; take the opportunity to learn about their culture and traditions.
- Respect Nature: Practice Leave No Trace principles to preserve the pristine environment for future visitors.
Enjoy your adventure in Longpu Village, where culture, nature, and community come together!
Overview
The Nujiang Grand Canyon (怒江大峡谷) is located in the northwest of Yunnan Province (云南省), nestled between Gaoligong Mountain (高黎贡山) and Biluo Snow Mountain (碧罗雪山). It forms the core of the “Three Parallel Rivers” (三江并流) UNESCO World Heritage Site. Due to economic and social development constraints, many stunning scenic spots hidden within the Nujiang Grand Canyon remain unknown to the world. Among these is the Dayu Alpine Lake Cluster (达友高山湖泊群) in Shapa Town (上帕镇), Fugong County (福贡县), which is part of the Lao Woshan (老窝山) area, one of the eight major zones of the “Three Parallel Rivers.” Below, I recommend the beautiful scenery of Dayu Alpine Lake based on my experience participating in the Dayu Alpine Lake event during the Dragon Boat Festival in 2015.
In Fugong County, Gaoligong Mountain and Biluo Snow Mountain are home to numerous alpine lakes formed by the melting snow. Among them, the most beautiful is Dapuluo’s Alpine Lake (达朴洛的高山湖).
Dapuluo Alpine Lake
Locally known as “Sireyi Bi” (思热衣比), Dapuluo Alpine Lake is situated between the peaks of Biluo Snow Mountain at an altitude of 3,200 meters. The lake features crystal-clear waters and sweet-tasting water. Surrounding the lake are rare trees such as spruce and fir, which grow tall and elegant. The shimmering lake reflects the snowy peaks, creating a mesmerizing scene. In spring, the wildflowers bloom along the shores, and rhododendrons (杜鹃) burst into color, making it an ideal spot for tourism, exploration, and summer relaxation.
Scenic Features
The towering mountains of Gaoligong and Biluo are filled with a multitude of glacial lakes that are beautiful and mysterious. The natural ecology remains pristine, with forests of arrow bamboo (箭竹) and wild rhododendrons covering the slopes. In May and June, the mountains are adorned with vibrant flowers, making it a prime destination for adventure tourism. Notable lakes include Zhaliyi Lubi Lake (扎利依泸比湖), Muge Lake (木格湖), and Enreyibi Lake (恩热依比湖).
Biluo Snow Mountain Scenic Area
Biluo Snow Mountain is home to countless alpine lakes and primitive forest landscapes, serving as both natural reservoirs and tourist attractions.
The heart of Biluo Snow Mountain contains numerous high-altitude ice lakes, most of which are situated above 3,500 meters, with the highest nearing 4,000 meters, making them seldom visited. As spring transitions into summer, temperatures rise, melting the snow and revealing a stunning sea of flowers. The clear lake waters reflect the vast, untouched forests and open blue skies. A distinctive feature is the alpine rhododendrons, which grow densely and bloom even while remnants of snow cling to their branches, creating a fiery spectacle.
The best time for mountain climbing is between April and October, when locals harvest medicinal herbs, gather orchids, and fish for snow trout. The mountains are rich in precious medicinal materials such as cordyceps (虫草), fritillaria (贝母), ganoderma (灵芝), cicada flowers (蝉花), and yellow lotus (黄莲). This season is also a prime habitat for wildlife, which gathers here in droves during spring to feed, drink, and reproduce.
While there is no exact count of the numerous alpine lakes, locals will tell you that there are many yet to be discovered and named. Some of the larger lakes include Lao Woshan Sacred Lake (老窝山圣湖), Xixin Lake (洗心湖), Rhododendron Lake (杜鹃湖), Red Maple Lake (红枫湖), Xitian Lake (洗天湖), Yushui Lake (玉水湖), and Honghua Lake (红花湖). Due to the rugged terrain, few have traversed these areas, leaving many lakes still unnamed.
Additional Lakes in Fugong
In Fugong County, the Gaoligong Mountain and Biluo Snow Mountain areas feature dozens of alpine lakes formed from melting snow. Among these, Dapuluo Alpine Lake is considered the most beautiful.
Glacial Lakes
The glacial lakes are a result of Quaternary glacial activity over two million years ago, situated at an altitude of 1,980 meters. Shaped like a crescent, it is one of the world’s renowned alpine lakes and was listed as a key national scenic spot in 1982.
Lawuya Waterfall
Lawu (腊乌) is a name derived from the Nu (怒) ethnic group, named after the first cultivators in the area. Lawuya Waterfall is one of the impressive waterfalls in Fugong County.
Qilian Lake
Qilian Lake (七莲湖), located above 3,500 meters on both sides of the Nujiang River, is also known as “Charming Lake.”
Travel Itinerary
On June 20, a group of 22 like-minded hikers gathered at the Aduo Diqiao field in Dayu Village (达友村).
- 8:25 AM: Group gathering
- 8:45 AM: Entrance to Dayu Village Water Ditch, total length of 4.58 kilometers
- 9:00 AM: Scenic views along the water ditch
- 9:32 AM: Rest after completing the water ditch
- 10:15 AM: Trekking through the primitive forest
- 1:37 PM: Climbing over the pass in the rain, onto a flat road
- 3:57 PM: Arrival at Gandi Yibi (干地依比), the first lake, at an altitude of 3,580 meters
- 4:19 PM: Camping area reached; dinner preparation begins
- 8:30 PM: Dragon Boat Festival bonfire party by the lake
On June 21:
- 7:40 AM: Breakfast, then onward to the second and third lakes
- 9:15 AM: Arrival at Enreyibi Lake (恩热依比湖), the second lake, at an altitude of 3,780 meters, surrounded by rhododendrons
- 10:20 AM: Biluo Snow Mountain Pass (碧罗雪山丫口) at 4,228 meters, where villagers from Weixi (维西) were encountered
Getting There
To reach the Dapuluo Alpine Lake Cluster in Fugong County, you can take a bus or drive from Liuku City (六库) to Dayu Village (达友村), which is approximately a 40-minute journey. The route to the alpine lakes follows the ancient Salt Horse Road (盐马古道), leading to Lanping County (兰坪县) and Weixi County (维西县).
Travel Tips
- Altitude Awareness: Be prepared for high altitudes and take time to acclimatize to avoid altitude sickness.
- Best Time to Visit: The optimal time for visits is from April to October when the weather is milder.
- Proper Gear: Wear sturdy hiking shoes and bring layers to accommodate varying temperatures, especially in the mountains.
- Local Etiquette: Respect local customs, especially when interacting with the Nu and Lisu communities.
- Leave No Trace: Follow environmental guidelines to preserve the area’s natural beauty.
- Guided Tours: Consider joining a guided tour for deeper insights into the region’s culture and ecology.
Visiting the alpine lakes in the Biluo Snow Mountain area offers a unique blend of stunning natural scenery and rich cultural experiences, making it a must-see destination.
Overview
The Bajiao River Scenic Area (Bajiao He Jingqu, 瓦拉亚窟芭蕉河生态旅游区) is part of the Wala Cave Scenic Area (瓦拉亚窟景区) and is located at the junction of Daxingdi (大兴地) and Chenggan (称杆) Townships in Lushui City (泸水市), Nujiang Prefecture (怒江傈僳族自治州). The capital of Nujiang Prefecture, Liuku (六库), is situated in Lushui County and is home to over ten ethnic groups, including the Lisu (傈僳), Nu (怒), Drung (独龙), Bai (白), Yi (彝), and Han (汉). The communities here coexist harmoniously along the banks of the river.
The Nujiang River (怒江) is a significant part of the “Three Parallel Rivers” (三江并流) natural scenic area and was designated as a priority development project called “Nujiang Grand Canyon – Human Cultural Park” by the National Tourism Administration in 1998. Known for its majestic, perilous, and unique landscapes, the Nujiang Canyon is one of the richest areas in terms of biodiversity and cultural diversity in China, often referred to as a “species gene bank” and a “natural geological museum.” The ecological tourism area of Wala Cave and Bajiao River is nestled amidst these natural wonders.
Scenic Features
The Wala Cave (瓦拉亚窟) translates to “bat cave” in Lisu. It consists of three natural openings that connect several large caves. Two of these openings are located within the Bajiao River Scenic Area, linking it with the Wala Cave.
Covering an area of 1,650 acres, the Bajiao River Eco-Tourism Area occupies a strategic geographical location close to the banks of the Nujiang River, with convenient transportation links. It is situated 38 kilometers from the prefectural capital, Liuku, and is on the way to Fugong (福贡) and Gongshan (贡山) counties, as well as Tibet.
With diverse plant species and vertical vegetation distribution, the area boasts ancient trees, wildflowers, winding streams, and distinctive underground cave landscapes. Local legends speak of a time when the “Bai Nong,” a deity revered by the Dai people, resided in the Bajiao River area but left, allowing bats to inhabit the caves and transforming the landscape.
Local Cuisine
Stone Flatbread (石板粑粑)
This is made by baking a dough of wheat or corn flour on heated stones, creating a deliciously crispy flatbread that pairs perfectly with butter tea.
Churned Wine (杵酒)
Known humorously as “canyon beer,” this sweet and sour local wine has an alcohol content of around 17-18 degrees and is said to stimulate appetite.
Bamboo Basket Rice (簸箕饭)
A traditional dish made from cooked rice mixed with vegetables and meats, served in a bamboo basket and eaten with hands, often paired with a soy-based dipping sauce.
Lacquer Oil Stewed Chicken (漆油炖鸡)
A favored traditional dish of the Lisu people, this dish features chicken cooked in edible lacquer oil, resulting in tender and flavorful meat.
Sour Bamboo Shoots (酸竹菜)
Young bamboo shoots that are harvested, dried, and then used in soups or stir-fries, adding a fresh and delicious flavor to dishes.
Accommodations
- Xianggelila County Central Town Inn: Located in Nujiang Prefecture.
- Jinhui Inn in Nujiang: Situated in Nujiang Prefecture.
- Lanping County Government Inn: Address in Nujiang Prefecture.
- Liangguansu Apartment: Located in Gongshan, Yunnan Province; features basic amenities.
- Fugong Civil Affairs Welfare Inn: Located near Fugong Hotel, Yunnan Province; shared bathrooms available.
Transportation
The area is easily accessible, located just 38 kilometers from Liuku, the capital of Nujiang Prefecture.
Travel Tips
- Climate: Nujiang Prefecture experiences a vertical climate due to its mountainous terrain, with an average annual temperature around 21°C. Expect plenty of rainfall and high humidity.
- Shopping: Look for unique handcrafted items, such as:
- Rattan Bracelets: Made from rare red vines.
- Beast Tooth Necklaces: Historically symbols of wealth.
- Drung Rugs: Renowned for their intricate designs and vibrant colors.
How to Get There
To reach the Bajiao River Scenic Area, travelers can fly into Liuku and then take a local taxi or bus to the scenic area. Regular transport options are available from major nearby towns. Always check for the latest travel schedules and local guidance.
Overview
The Wala Yaku Scenic Area (瓦拉亚窟景区) is a captivating destination located at the confluence of Daxingdi (大兴地) and Chenggan Township (称杆乡) in Lushui City (泸水县), Nujiang (怒江). This area is part of the Bajiao River Scenic Area (芭蕉河景区) and boasts stunning natural landscapes and rich cultural heritage. The capital of Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture (怒江傈僳族自治州), Liuku (六库), is nearby and is home to numerous ethnic groups, including the Lisu (傈僳), Nu (怒), Drung (独龙), Bai (白), Yi (彝), and Han (汉). These communities have lived in harmony along the banks of the Nujiang River (怒江), fostering a unique cultural tapestry.
The Nujiang River is a vital part of China’s “Three Parallel Rivers” (三江并流) natural scenic area, recognized by the National Tourism Administration in 1998 as “Nujiang Grand Canyon – Human Cultural Park.” The canyon is known for its dramatic beauty, featuring unique terrain and diverse ecosystems, making it one of the richest areas in China for biodiversity and cultural diversity. The Wala Yaku Bajiao River Ecological Tourism Area (瓦拉亚窟芭蕉河流域生态旅游区) lies amid these breathtaking natural wonders.
“Wala Yaku,” meaning “bat cave” in the Lisu language, consists of multiple large caves interconnected through three natural openings. Two of these openings are situated within the Bajiao River Scenic Area, allowing access to the Wala Yaku cave system.
Scenic Features
Spanning an area of 1,650 acres, the Wala Yaku Bajiao River Ecological Tourism Area is positioned advantageously along the banks of the Nujiang River, offering convenient access for visitors. It is approximately 38 kilometers from the capital, Liuku (六库), and is located along the G219 highway, a crucial route leading to Fugong (福贡) and Gongshan (贡山) counties, as well as Tibet.
The area is characterized by its proximity to the roaring Nujiang River and the towering Gaoligong Mountain (高黎贡山). The river valley is home to a variety of plant species, showcasing a remarkable vertical distribution of vegetation. Visitors can find ancient trees and vibrant wildflowers competing for attention along the banks. The streams that meander through the landscape, along with unique underground cave systems, provide a solid foundation for tourism development. Many legends surround the Bajiao River, including tales of the “Bai Nong,” a deity revered by the Dai ethnic group (傣族), who reportedly left this enchanting area to the bats, which contributed to its natural beauty.
Historical Context
Since the establishment of the Wala Yaku Scenic Area, the Lushui Mining Company (沪水县矿业公司) has actively developed the site since January 2001. By leveraging the area’s stunning mountains, clear waters, and serene environment, the company has effectively preserved the natural landscape while constructing 1.03 kilometers of roads and corresponding pedestrian pathways. Facilities for dining and accommodation have been created to cater to visitors, while the Bajiao River caves await further exploration and development.
The cave system consists of a main cavern and multiple auxiliary caverns, all featuring grand landscapes and interconnected passages. Unique formations such as the Two-Stage Palace (两迭宫) and Three-Stage Palace (三迭宫) create a captivating visual experience for visitors. Once fully developed, the Wala Yaku Bajiao River Ecological Tourism Area is expected to flourish with lush forests, abundant shade, and diverse plant life, making it an ideal spot for relaxation, vacations, entertainment, commerce, scientific exploration, and adventure tourism.
Cultural Significance
Wala Yaku, located in Daxingdi Township (大兴地镇) of Lushui City (泸水市), is easily accessible via the G219 highway, situated near the banks of the Nujiang River. The cave, known for its unique natural beauty, is part of the Nujiang Grand Canyon, featuring three natural openings that connect various large caves. Inside, formations of stalactites, stalagmites, stone pillars, and stone drapery create enchanting sights that evoke a sense of wonder, reminiscent of a mystical realm.
This area is not only rich in natural beauty but also steeped in cultural heritage. As a gathering place for the Lisu ethnic group, visitors have the opportunity to immerse themselves in the customs and lifestyle of the local community. The area is conveniently located just 38 kilometers from Liuku City (六库), making it accessible for tourists seeking an enriching experience.
Overall, Wala Yaku is a tourism destination that seamlessly combines stunning natural scenery, cultural richness, and local customs. Whether for adventurers seeking thrills or those eager to learn about Lisu culture, Wala Yaku is an unmissable gem.
Getting There
To reach the Wala Yaku Scenic Area, you can take the G219 highway from Liuku (六库), approximately a 38-kilometer drive. Public transportation options, including local buses or taxis from nearby towns, are also available for visitors.
Travel Tips
- Altitude Considerations: The region is situated at a high altitude, so it’s important to acclimatize before engaging in strenuous activities to avoid altitude sickness.
- Best Time to Visit: The ideal months for a visit are from May to October when the weather is more favorable for outdoor activities.
- Proper Gear: Wear comfortable hiking shoes and bring layered clothing to accommodate potential temperature fluctuations, especially in the caves.
- Local Etiquette: Respect local customs and traditions, particularly when interacting with the Lisu community. Engaging with locals can enrich your experience.
- Environmental Awareness: Follow Leave No Trace principles to preserve the area’s natural beauty, ensuring it remains pristine for future visitors.
- Guided Tours: Consider joining a guided tour for a deeper understanding of the region’s culture, ecology, and historical significance. Local guides can provide valuable insights that enhance your visit.
By exploring the Wala Yaku Scenic Area, you will encounter a magical blend of nature and culture that promises lasting memories and a deeper appreciation for this extraordinary part of China.
Overview
Qilian Lake (Seven Lotus Lakes), Fugong County, Nujiang
I. Geography and Ecology: Natural Wonders Above the Clouds
II. Culture and Legends: The Spiritual Homeland of the Nu People
III. Hiking and Exploration: A Journey of Challenge and Poetry
1. Route Planning
2. Best Travel Seasons
3. Gear and Tips
IV. Nearby Attractions: The Diverse Charms of the Nujiang Gorge
1. Laomudeng Village
2. Zhiziluo: The “Memory City”
3. Stone Moon
V. Transportation and Accommodation: Connecting the Hidden Realm to the World
1. Transportation
2. Accommodation
VI. Ecological Protection and Sustainable Travel
Conclusion
Overview
Location: Chihengdi Lisu Ethnic Village (赤恒底村) is situated in the southwest of Luma Dêng Township (鹿马登乡), Fugong County (福贡县), Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture (怒江傈僳族自治州). The village is approximately 3 kilometers from the township government and 12 kilometers from the county seat, making it easily accessible via dirt roads. It borders Dapulu Village (达普罗村) to the east, Shidi Village Committee in Shangpa Town (上帕镇施底村委会) to the south, Myanmar (缅甸) to the west, and Buladi Village (布拉底村) to the north. Chihengdi includes nine villager groups, such as Wadi (娃底), Ganlaobu (干老布), Yatuo (亚朵), Wangran (旺然), Midingge (密丁戈), Wangzhui (王咀), and Nianping (念坪).
- Area: 44.35 km²
- Population: 1,868 residents, with 1,847 engaged in agriculture.
- Administrative Category: Village
- Phone Code: 0886
- Postal Code: 673404
- License Plate Code: Yun Q
Cultural Significance
The village is renowned for its breathtaking canyon landscapes, ecological beauty, and vibrant Lisu (傈僳族) culture, offering visitors a comprehensive ethnic tourism experience. Established in 2010, the Chihengdi Lisu Ethnic Village Farmers’ Red Song Chorus (赤恒底村傈僳语多声部农民红歌合唱团) consists of 74 members, all of whom are local farmers. They rehearse during their free time, singing Lisu red songs that celebrate national unity and express gratitude towards the party.
Community Activities
On weekends or during agricultural off-seasons, the village committee becomes the headquarters for the chorus, where members gather to plan and practice for the annual Lisu “Farmers’ Spiritual Feast” (农民精神大餐).
Achievements
In November 2021, Chihengdi was included in the public suggestion list for Beautiful Villages in Yunnan Province (云南省2021年度美丽村庄建议公示名单).
How to Get There
- By Car: Drive from Fugong County to Luma Dêng Township, then take the dirt road leading to Chihengdi Village, which is about 12 kilometers away from the county seat.
Travel Tips
- Best Time to Visit: Plan your visit during local festivals to experience cultural performances and community events.
- Accommodation: Consider staying in local homestays to immerse yourself in the Lisu culture.
- Respect Local Customs: Engage respectfully with the local community, and take time to learn about their traditions and way of life.
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