Chinese Name: 文山二河沟原始森林
English Name: Erhegou Primary Forest in Wenshan City
Overview
The Erhegou Primary Forest, located in the Laojun Mountain range, is a natural treasure of Wenshan City, Yunnan Province, situated about 50 kilometers from the city center. The forest is nestled in the Laojun Mountain, with its highest peak reaching an elevation of 2,625 meters. The area is characterized by its dense, verdant forests and is surrounded by picturesque villages, creating a majestic landscape where lush green peaks and flowing streams abound.
Scenic Features
The forested landscape stretches from the southeast to the northwest, forming a stunning natural panorama that includes five peaks, six waterfalls, ten ridges, and nine valleys. Some of the notable scenic spots within the Erhegou Primary Forest include:
- Xiaoyan Xuelian (啸岩雪帘): A dramatic rock formation adorned with cascading snow-like waterfalls.
- Zimei Feiquan (姊妹飞泉): The “Sisters Flying Springs,” where twin waterfalls plunge from the cliffs above.
- Xiequan Wentang (蟹泉温汤): A natural hot spring known as “Crab Spring,” where visitors can enjoy the warm waters.
- Shenxia Yingu (深峡银谷): The “Deep Gorge Silver Valley,” a strikingly deep and narrow gorge with silver-colored rocks and flowing waters.
- Changpu Wentang (菖浦温汤): Another natural hot spring located within the forest, offering a tranquil setting amidst the greenery.
Significance
The Erhegou Primary Forest is not only a beautiful natural attraction but also an important ecological area that supports a diverse range of flora and fauna. The combination of towering peaks, pristine forests, and vibrant waterfalls makes it a popular destination for nature lovers and adventurers seeking to explore the unspoiled beauty of Wenshan’s mountainous landscapes.
Chinese Name: 丘北县普格岩画
English Name: Puge Cliff Painting in Qiubei County, Wenshan
Overview
The Puge Cliff Painting is an ancient rock art site located near Puge Village, 3 kilometers west of Shuanglongying Town in Qiubei County, Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province. The paintings are situated on a white stone cliff, which stands approximately 30 meters high and faces westward. The artwork itself is positioned about 7 meters above the ground and covers an area of about 50 square meters.
Description
The Puge Cliff Painting is composed of 24 discernible images, with an additional 10 that are faint and difficult to distinguish. The largest of these images measures 2.2 meters in height and 1 meter in width, while the smallest is about 20 centimeters tall. The paintings were created using red pigment and primarily depict scenes related to fertility worship.
Significance
The Puge Cliff Painting holds significant cultural and historical value, as it has been linked to the origins of the Wanjia Ba type bronze drums, an important artifact in the study of ancient Chinese culture. The discovery of these motifs on the Puge Cliff Painting has provided key insights into the origins of these drums and has contributed to ending the global debate on their birthplace. Additionally, the images on the cliff also include motifs representing the unity of heaven and man, which are crucial in the search for the “seal” of the legendary Yelang King, a significant figure in the ancient Southwest Yi cultural community. The site was designated as a protected cultural heritage site by the Wenshan Prefecture People’s Government in 1997.
Chinese Name: 丘北县红花山岩画
English Name: Honghuashan Cliff Painting in Qiubei County, Wenshan
Overview
The Honghuashan Cliff Painting is an ancient rock art site located on a cliff face approximately 7 kilometers southwest of Honghuashan Village in Yuezhai Town, Qiubei County, Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province. The cliff face where the paintings are found is about 50 meters high and 27 meters wide, overlooking a low-lying basin. The rock art covers an area of around 80 square meters.
Description
The Honghuashan Cliff Painting consists of 26 discernible images, with an additional 437 that are faint and difficult to interpret. The largest of these images measures 85 centimeters in height and 40 centimeters in width, while the smallest image has a diameter of just 2 centimeters. The images, all rendered in red pigment, are spread across four distinct sections from left to right. They depict a variety of subjects, including the sun, the moon, humans, and horses. The primary themes of the paintings include hunting, animal domestication, and celestial worship.
The painting technique used in the Honghuashan Cliff Painting is relatively simple, relying on outlines and avoiding detailed representation of human and animal features, such as facial characteristics. Despite the lack of detail, the images are quite expressive and provide a glimpse into the symbolic and spiritual world of the people who created them.
Significance
The Honghuashan Cliff Painting is an important cultural and historical artifact, offering valuable insights into the prehistoric culture of the region. The art reflects the daily life, beliefs, and environment of the people from the Neolithic period. The paintings’ simplicity in technique yet richness in symbolism makes them a significant subject of study for understanding early human artistic expression and the cultural development of ancient societies in Wenshan Prefecture.
Chinese Name: 丘北县多宝座和尚塔
English Name: Duobaozuo Monk Pagoda in Qiubei County, Wenshan
Overview
The Duobaozuo Monk Pagoda is an ancient stone pagoda located just 5 meters behind the teaching building of Yuezhe Middle School in Yuezhe Town, Qiubei County, Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province. The pagoda was constructed in the 30th year of the Daoguang Emperor’s reign during the Qing Dynasty, which corresponds to the year 1850.
Description
The pagoda is a five-tiered, conical structure built in the traditional Chinese “密檐式” (multi-eaved) style. It is made of bluestone and stands at a height of 3.53 meters. The base of the pagoda is designed in the “须弥座” (Sumeru pedestal) style, which is a common feature in Buddhist architecture. As the structure ascends, each level gradually tapers towards the top.
The remains of Monk Liao Changshan are interred beneath the base of the pagoda. The front of the pagoda features an inscription engraved in the stone, reading “多宝座” (Duobaozuo), meaning “Treasure Seat.” Additionally, a memorial tablet at the site is inscribed with “仁亮禅师号善长廖公老师爷墓” (The Tomb of Master Renliang, Chan Master Shanzhang, Liao Gong, the Teacher).
The Duobaozuo Monk Pagoda is recognized as a county-level cultural relic protection unit in Qiubei County, reflecting its historical and cultural significance.
Yuezhe Town
Yuezhe Town, where the pagoda is located, lies in the northwest part of Qiubei County at a latitude of 24º48’N and a longitude of 103º19’E, approximately 28 kilometers from the county seat. The town is bordered by Shuanglongying’s Puzhehei Village Committee to the east, Badoushao’s Lijiazhuang and Dabuhong Village Committees to the south, Shedexiang’s Xiqueluo Village Committee to the west, and Guanzhaixiang’s Shuitou Village Committee to the north.
Yuezhe Town governs six village committees: Yuezhe, Xinzha, Damushan, Honghuashan, Chushuizhai, and Puke. These committees oversee 97 natural villages and 99 village groups, home to a diverse population of 33,171 people from six ethnic groups, including Han, Zhuang, Miao, Yi, Hui, and Bai, across 7,137 households.
Chinese Name: 丘北县黑箐龙岩画
English Name: Heiqinglong Cliff Painting in Qiubei County, Wenshan
Overview
The Heiqinglong Cliff Painting is an ancient rock art site located on the cliff face near Heiqinglong Village beside Dalongshan Cave in Qiubei County, Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province. The cliff, where the painting is situated, stands approximately 50 meters high. The rock surface faces southeast, with a northwest orientation.
Description
The Heiqinglong Cliff Painting features various depictions, including figures such as “human-shaped flying birds,” human figures, heads of human figures, and ancient script. The “human-shaped flying bird” motif closely resembles the “任性鸟飞” (flying willful bird) imagery found in the Shizishan Cliff Painting in Qiubei County.
The painting is located in Heiqinglong Natural Village, under the jurisdiction of the Matoushan Village Committee in Jinping Town, Qiubei County. The artwork on the cliff can be divided into three distinct sections:
- First Section: Depicts a figure without hands or feet alongside a bird-like shape.
- Second Section: Contains the “human-shaped flying bird” figure along with three human figures.
- Third Section: Shows symbols such as a sword, banners, an incense burner, an oval-shaped fortress, a road, a three-tiered pavilion with pointed roofs, fish, and trees.
The pigments used in the paintings are primarily red, varying in intensity, suggesting that the images were created at different times. Preliminary analysis indicates that the cliff paintings were likely produced during the Neolithic and Iron Age periods. The Heiqinglong Cliff Painting provides valuable physical evidence for the study of prehistoric human culture and holds significant historical and artistic value.
Chinese Name: 广南县文笔塔
English Name: Wenbi Tower in Guangnan County, Wenshan
Overview
Wenbi Tower is an 11-tiered hollow pagoda located on the summit of Santai Slope, 13 kilometers south of Guangnan County’s town center, near Basha Village. The tower faces the ancient city of Liantang, creating a picturesque and historic landscape. This architectural masterpiece, known as a Yunjiao (cloud angle) pagoda, stands as a significant cultural relic from the Qing Dynasty, embodying the aspirations for local cultural development and the cultivation of talents.
Architectural Features
- Height and Structure: The tower stands 36.8 meters tall, with a base height of 1.8 meters and a main tower height of 35 meters. The base is hexagonal, built with stone blocks, each side measuring 4.8 meters in width. The tower is constructed from blue bricks and tapers naturally as it ascends, culminating in a pen-shaped pinnacle.
- Design: Each level of the tower features decorative arched windows on the front and rear, with the seventh and tenth levels having notably deeper recesses. The meticulous design and solid construction have earned Wenbi Tower the title “The Tallest Pagoda in Southern Yunnan.”
Historical Significance and Restoration
The tower was originally built in the 30th year of the Daoguang Emperor’s reign (1850) during the Qing Dynasty. However, it suffered significant damage over time, particularly after being struck by lightning, which caused the partial collapse of the pinnacle and the expansion of cracks throughout the structure. The base also experienced extensive vandalism, with thousands of bricks removed, leading to concerns about the tower’s potential collapse.
From February to May 1982, a major restoration project was undertaken to preserve this important historical monument. During the restoration, a bronze statue of “Wenchang Dijun,” the deity of culture and literature, was discovered in a window of the seventh level, and a bronze statue of “Kuixing Bodhisattva” was found in the tenth-level window. These statues, standing 51 centimeters tall and weighing between 8.4 and 10.9 kilograms, were skillfully crafted and are now integral to the tower’s historical narrative.
Additional artifacts discovered during the restoration included five crystal crown jewels in red, yellow, blue, white, and black, as well as a broken wooden box containing a fragmented book, 100 deteriorated writing brushes, and an intricately carved circular stone inkstone. The inkstone, with a diameter of 8 centimeters, bore the inscription “Yan Tower Name Inscription” dated to the first year of the Xianfeng Emperor’s reign (1851), confirming the construction date of the tower.
To prevent further deterioration, glass bricks were installed in the windows to protect the interior artifacts from weather damage. A lightning rod was also added to protect the tower from future strikes, and semicircular concrete steps were built at the entrance to facilitate visitor access. A protective railing was erected around the tower, enhancing its grandeur and accessibility.
Cultural and Scenic Value
Wenbi Tower occupies the highest point of Santai Slope, offering expansive views of the surrounding mountainous terrain, lush with ancient pines and cypresses. The picturesque scenery of the Lianhua region unfolds to the north, with the distant view of Liantang City broadening the viewer’s perspective and evoking a sense of tranquility.
To enhance the cultural ambiance of the site, a three-bay, antique-style concrete archway inscribed with the words “Lianjun Scenic Spot” was constructed at the entrance of Santai Slope during the tower’s restoration. Additionally, two traditional-style pavilions named “Qingfeng Pavilion” and “Wanglian Pavilion” were built on either side of the hilltop, adding to the area’s scenic charm and making Wenbi Tower a more captivating destination.
Historical Recognition
Wenbi Tower is a relic from the Qing Dynasty. According to the “Gazetteer of Guangnan,” the tower was originally constructed during the Jiaqing Emperor’s reign by Governor He Yu and local residents. The discovery of the inkstone in 1982, however, accurately dates the tower to the early Xianfeng period (1851).
In 1993, Wenbi Tower was designated as a key cultural relic under provincial protection, underscoring its significance in Yunnan’s historical and cultural heritage.
Chinese Name: 丘北县猴爬岩大峡谷
English Name: Houpayan Grand Canyon in Qiubei County, Wenshan
Location:
Houpayan Grand Canyon is located in the northeast of Qiubei County, about 56 kilometers from the county seat. The canyon is a natural wonder, formed by the combination of steep gorges, diverse flora and fauna, waterfalls, underground rivers, and caves. The area is named “Houpayan” (literally “Monkey Climb Rock”) because monkeys are often seen playing on the sheer cliffs. The number of monkeys ranges from dozens to over a hundred at any given time.
Geographical Features:
The canyon is situated in the upper reaches of the Qingshui River, between Yudong and Gedor in Wenliu Township, Qiubei County. The canyon spans a length of 9 kilometers, featuring cliff formations, waterfalls, underground rivers, and caves. The width at the top ranges between 500-800 meters, while at the bottom, it varies from 30-100 meters. The vertical drop from the cliff tops to the riverbed is typically 400-500 meters, with the highest point reaching 560 meters. The canyon was formed through prolonged erosion and karst dissolution, creating a landscape of towering cliffs, narrow river passages, and dramatic natural scenery.
Natural Environment:
Both sides of the canyon are lined with rare subtropical virgin forests, offering dense shade from various species of trees such as banyan, Cedrela sinensis, and Broussonetia. The area is a haven for wildlife, including groups of monkeys, wild boars, mountain goats, flying foxes, pythons, eagles, foxes, and pangolins. Due to its remote location and challenging access, Houpayan Grand Canyon has remained relatively unknown, even to many locals.
Tourism and Attractions:
The Houpayan Grand Canyon is renowned for its characteristics described as “danger in the gorge, fun with the monkeys, soul in the greenery, and tranquility in the secluded environment.” It is an ideal destination for sightseeing, rafting, and adventure. In winter, visitors can enjoy the breathtaking views of cloud seas and mountain landscapes, and embark on an adventurous journey.
The entire canyon is considered a “natural zoo and botanical garden,” with lush tropical and subtropical vegetation, diverse animal life, and well-preserved ancient plant communities. Groups of monkeys are a common sight on the cliffs, adding to the canyon’s charm.
Development Plans:
Qiubei County plans to capitalize on the steep cliffs of Houpayan by constructing a personalized viewing platform extending partially over the edge, providing visitors with both thrilling and scenic experiences. Along both sides of the Qingshui River, a scenic walkway with protective railings is planned to create a primary tourist route. A viewing pavilion made of wood and bamboo will be built as a resting area, offering panoramic views of the canyon.
Visitors can look back at the peak of “Houpayan” from the banks of the Qingshui River, taking in the majestic views of this natural wonder.
Chinese Name: 丘北县摆龙湖
English Name: Bailonghu Lake in Qiubei County, Wenshan
Bailonghu Lake (壮语: Nyi Bizlangx)
Bailonghu Lake is located 26 kilometers west of Qiubei County, Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province, at the southern foot of Bailuo Mountain in Yuezhai Town. The lake is a highland freshwater lake, characterized by its blue-green water with a transparency of 4-5 meters, and up to 7-8 meters under calm conditions. It has a water capacity of 53.7 million cubic meters, an average depth of 27 meters, and covers an area of 3.16 square kilometers. It is one of the top ten lakes in Yunnan.
Overview
Bailonghu Lake is one of the sources of the Qing Shui River, which eventually flows into the Pearl River. The water of Bailonghu Lake remains clear and transparent throughout the year, even during the flood season. Surrounded by mountains, with water in the mountains and a lake within the water, the lake has a fan-shaped distribution. It features seven small islands and three peninsulas, earning it the nickname “Thousand Island Lake of Yunnan.” The islands are lush with dense forests, serve as habitats for migratory birds, and offer a picturesque setting with seasonal bird songs and blooming flowers.
Development History
The lake was originally known as Hongqi Reservoir and was constructed during the era of the “Three Red Flags” — the general line, the Great Leap Forward, and the People’s Commune. The project began in November 1958 and was completed in 1976 after nearly twenty years of construction. The total investment amounted to 17.2156 million yuan, with 5.4942 million work hours contributed by the public. Thousands of workers built a wave-proof wall and a dam with a height of 30.36 meters, a base length of 58 meters, a top length of 260 meters, and a width of 196.75 meters. The water source is supplied by intercepted Bailuo Longtan water and rainfall. The reservoir’s runoff area is 120 square kilometers, with a surface runoff area of 12.6 square kilometers, a reservoir capacity of 53.7 million cubic meters, and an irrigation area of 83,600 acres.
Legend
According to legend, Bailonghu Lake was not always known by this name. Beneath the lake was a hillside with a village called Bailuo Village. The Zhang family in the village had three daughters. Due to the long-term drought and lack of water, the elder sisters married and left, while the youngest stayed behind to care for their aging parents. One day, a young man named A Long passed through Bailuo Village and met Zhang’s youngest daughter. They fell in love at first sight, and A Long decided to stay. To find water for the villagers, Zhang and A Long searched the mountains and eventually found a water-filled cave at the base of a large mountain. However, A Long accidentally fell into the cave’s water pool. Zhang cried at the cave entrance for seven days and nights, and when A Long did not return, she jumped into the cave to join him. The water from the cave then flooded the surrounding mountains and fields, creating the lake. In memory of the lovers, the lake was named Bailonghu, and the seven islands in the lake are said to represent the seven days and nights Zhang cried.
Scenic Description
Visitors to Bailonghu Lake are greeted by its sparkling, emerald waters surrounded by seven small islands. The lush vegetation around the lake and on the islands consists mainly of Yunnan pine and rhododendron. In autumn and winter, large numbers of egrets, wild ducks, and geese inhabit the islands, creating a unique sight. The lake’s stunning green scenery is captivating, providing a serene escape from the hustle and bustle of city life.
Boating on the lake offers a refreshing experience with gentle breezes and picturesque views of the surrounding mountains and blue sky. The lake is home to flashing lights in the water, where precious silver fish are said to reside. The islands and lake’s shoreline feature a variety of wildflowers and edible plants, enhancing the natural beauty.
On the islands, visitors can enjoy a range of local delicacies, such as roasted whole sheep, fresh fish, and fragrant potato rice. The lake’s infrastructure has been upgraded with standard forest guesthouses, pavilions, and picnic areas.
Local Cuisine
- Whole Lotus Feast
- Whole Lamb Banquet
- Three-Line Cured Meat
- Wild Lotus Seed Stewed Pork Knuckle
- Bahang Chicken
- Crystal Meat
- Zongba (Rice Cake)
- Flower Glutinous Rice
Local Products
- Niyi Jiao (Local Wine)
- Lotus Powder
- Qiubei Chili
- Sanqi (Chinese Ginseng)
- Cao Wu (Aconite)
- Wood Ear Mushrooms
- Bamboo Tube Tea
- Nalang Wine
- Ethnic Handicrafts
Chinese Name: 丘北县六郎洞景区
English Name:Liulangdong River Scenic Area in Qiubei County, Wenshan
Location
Liulangdong Cave is situated 79 kilometers west of Qiubei County, Yunnan Province, near Xiaojiangkou Village in Chongtou Township.
Historical Background
The cave is renowned for being home to China’s first underground hydroelectric power station, the Liulangdong Hydropower Station. According to legend, the cave was named after Yang Liulang, a famous general of the Northern Song Dynasty who, after defending against the Khitan and facing betrayal by Pan Renmei, retreated to this cave.
Hydroelectric Power Station
The cave boasts a significant water flow, with a maximum rate of 92 cubic meters per second and an average annual flow rate of 23.2 cubic meters per second. In 1959, a dam was constructed inside the cave, creating a 30-meter-deep underground reservoir. This led to the establishment of a hydroelectric power station with a capacity of 12,500 kW × 2.
Cave Features
Liulangdong Cave features expansive chambers, with heights reaching up to 30 meters. The cave is adorned with an array of stalactites and stalagmites that resemble ceremonial vessels, bells, and mills, as well as lifelike figures of birds and animals. The cave is divided into two main chambers, which were originally connected but are now separated by the underground reservoir. The right chamber includes a 2-meter-high, 300-meter-long horizontal tunnel with lighting for easy access. The left chamber contains a stone trough used by Yang Liulang to feed his warhorses and a meeting hall, also known as a review platform.
Karst Landscape
Liulangdong Cave is a notable karst landform, featuring the intriguing “Wolong Cave” (or “Dinosaur Cave”), which is approximately 20 meters long and 1.5 meters high. The cave walls display distinct dragon bone traces and numerous dragon scale imprints, showcasing the remarkable natural formations.
Tourist Attractions
The Liulangdong Cave Scenic Area is renowned for its cave scenery, rich underground water resources, and unique karst landscapes. Visitors can explore the cave’s fascinating stalactites and stalagmites, experiencing the mystery and allure of the underground world. Additionally, the area features spectacular waterfalls and clear lakes, providing a serene retreat for visitors.
Chinese Name: 马关县中山公园
English Name: Zhongshan Park in Maguan County, Wenshan
Historical Background
Zhongshan Park in Maguan County was originally built by the 18th Regiment, 1st Battalion, 1st Company of the 9th Yunnan Army. It has been over seventy years since its establishment. A plaque at the entrance of the park originally bore the characters “Zhongshan Park,” inscribed by Zhang Chong, the then-regimental commander, in honor of Sun Yat-sen, thus giving the park its name.
Renovation and Modernization
Over time, the park underwent significant changes, and its original appearance has been lost. To enhance Maguan’s tourism attractions and expand recreational spaces for residents, the park was renovated with an investment of 2.4 million yuan in April 2001. The renovation project was completed on March 30, 2002. The renovated Zhongshan Park now covers an area of 80 acres.
Park Features
The redesigned Zhongshan Park emphasizes a human-centered approach and a respect for nature, blending the charm of traditional gardens with contemporary architectural elements. The park features a variety of bird species that add to its charm, and its picturesque settings are complemented by the gentle breeze and moonlight. The winding long corridor and stone paths shaded by greenery offer a serene atmosphere. The Zhongshan Pavilion, perched on a high point, provides a panoramic view of the county town. The park’s entrance is adorned with intricate dragon and phoenix carvings, showcasing a grandeur that surpasses the original garden’s archway. With the revitalization brought by the reform and opening-up policy, Zhongshan Park is poised to shine with renewed brilliance.
About Sun Yat-sen
Sun Yat-sen (1866–1925), whose original name was Sun Wen, also known by his style name Zai Zhi and his alias Yi Xian, was born in Cuiheng Village, Xiangshan County, Guangdong Province (now Zhongshan City). Influenced by the revolutionary traditions of the Guangdong people and inspired by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, he was a pioneer of modern Chinese nationalism and democracy. Sun Yat-sen is regarded as a great forerunner of the Chinese democratic revolution and a founder of both the Republic of China and the Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist Party).
Chinese Name:马关县马鞍山水库
English Name: Maanshan Reservoir in Maguan County, Wenshan
Overview
Maanshan Reservoir is located 7 kilometers southeast of Maguan County town. Construction began in December 1958. However, due to its small storage capacity, large catchment area, and incomplete infrastructure, the reservoir dam was soon washed away by floodwaters. In October 1959, to address irrigation needs for the Maanshan and Shuichuanfang areas, the Jiahanqing Commune decided to rebuild the reservoir. By 1961, the reservoir was completed as a Class I small reservoir with a main dam 16.6 meters high and 81 meters long, a secondary dam 5 meters high and 170 meters long, and a storage capacity of 3 million cubic meters.
Current Status
Located in the Maanshan Village Committee of Maguan County, the reservoir now has a total storage capacity of 11.09 million cubic meters and serves as a medium-sized reservoir primarily for agricultural irrigation. In recent years, Maguan County has leveraged the reservoir’s resource advantages to enhance local tourism. The focus has been on improving water safety, ecology, environment, and scenic quality, turning the reservoir and its surroundings into a popular scenic area.
Historical Development
In 1963, to maximize the benefits of Maanshan Reservoir, the county undertook a “South-to-North Water Diversion” project, channeling water to the urban and Huazhige areas for irrigation and drinking purposes. Over 3,000 local residents from various towns participated in the construction, which included a 2-meter diameter, 346-meter long water tunnel, an 11-kilometer long main canal, and a 0.7-meter diameter, 340-meter long siphon pipe.
The reservoir has since undergone several expansions, and in 2005, it was reinforced and its storage capacity increased to 11.09 million cubic meters. The project now includes a main dam, three secondary dams, two water tunnels, an overflow channel, and two sluice towers. The reservoir is a crucial irrigation facility for the surrounding agricultural lands. In 2005, it was included in the provincial government’s “Prosper Border and Enrich the People” key projects.
Recent Developments
In recent years, Maguan County has developed the Maanshan–Dahao Tourism Scenic Area, focusing on eco-friendly leisure agriculture. Maanshan Longshujiao Village, benefiting from its mountainous and waterfront location, has become a new hotspot for rural tourism, transforming “green hills and clear waters” into “golden mountains and silver mountains.”
Key Features of Maanshan Reservoir
- Water Safety
The reservoir has undergone safety enhancements including the installation of safety nets and anti-drowning facilities. Flood control and emergency response plans ensure the reservoir’s safety during flood seasons, protecting downstream farmland and residents’ safety. - Water Ecology
Efforts have been made to integrate and enhance resources by renovating the reservoir’s shoreline, implementing green and beautification projects, and planting local tree species. The reservoir’s ecological environment has been improved through various actions, such as removing unauthorized structures and debris. - Water Landscape
With funding of 38.85 million yuan from Shanghai, the reservoir has developed walking trails, cultural activity squares, light shows, wetland parks, and other tourist facilities. The scenic area features an ecological layout including flower avenues, lakeside parks, and fruit-picking zones. - Water Economy
Leveraging the reservoir’s resources, a “company + base + farmer” model has been adopted to develop high-quality fruit farming and local tourism industries. The Dragon Tree Foot Seven Color Village has been created, and the reservoir area now receives over 50,000 visitors monthly, generating significant tourism revenue. The integration of Maanshan Reservoir with local tourism provides improved living and travel experiences for residents and visitors alike.
Chinese Name: 马关县古林箐原始森林
English Name: Gulinqing Primary Forest in Maguan County, Wenshan
Location and Climate:
Gulinqing Township is located in a tropical and subtropical region with a complex topography and intersecting rivers that create a vertical climate pattern: hot in river valleys, warm in mid-mountain areas, and cool in high mountains. It is situated in the southwestern part of Maguan County, approximately 89 kilometers from the county seat, between latitudes 22°40′58″ to 22°53′48″ and longitudes 103°52′53″ to 104°01′42″.
The area lies at the intersection of two prefectures (Wenshan and Honghe) and three counties (Maguan, Hekou, and Pingbian). It borders Qiaotou Township of Hekou County to the east, Nanxi Town and Laofan Village of Hekou County to the south, Baihe Township of Pingbian County to the west, and Miechang Township to the north.
Ecological Significance:
The Gulinqing Provincial Nature Reserve spans the junction of Maguan, Hekou, and Pingbian counties and features a unique tropical rainforest ecosystem. It is known for its ancient trees, the largest and most well-preserved Xianmu forest ecosystem in China, the largest Wangtian tree, and the critically small population of Yunnan camellia. Entering Gulinqing feels like stepping into a “museum” of ancient plants.
Biodiversity and Conservation:
- Wangtian Tree: As an indicator species of tropical rainforests, the Gulinqing Reserve has recorded the largest Wangtian tree in terms of trunk diameter, measuring 2.4 meters. Historically, Wangtian trees faced extensive logging and are now near extinction. In Gulinqing, these trees are found in peak cluster rocky areas below 800 meters, with some interspersed with Xianmu forest, covering about 5000 acres.
- Xianmu: Locally known as “firewood tree,” Xianmu forests in Gulinqing Reserve are the largest and most well-preserved in China, covering approximately 13000 acres. Xianmu grows in rocky peak areas and requires a unique habitat: “no stone, no wood.” It is found on the eastern slopes of the Nanxi River, between 429 meters and below 1000 meters. The largest recorded tree has a trunk diameter of 3.5 meters and an age of over 2000 years.
- Slow Loris: Known locally as “lazy monkeys,” slow lorises are a critically endangered first-class protected wildlife species. The Gulinqing Reserve and its nearby ecological public welfare forest areas in southwestern Maguan County are major habitats for these primates. They live in tropical rainforests and subtropical evergreen broadleaf forests, are slow-moving, solitary, nocturnal, and primarily feed on insects, fruits, and bird eggs, with a particular fondness for wild honey.
- Round-Nosed Giant Lizard: Also called “spiritual insect” locally, this critically endangered first-class protected species is found in the Gulinqing Reserve’s Huangjiangping, Xiaoluoshuidong, and Huayu Cave areas. These amphibian reptiles inhabit lower altitude river valley basins with mixed shrubs and grass, near streams or underground rivers. They live in burrows by mountain streams, can climb trees and swim, and feed on rodents, snakes, chickens, and decaying animal carcasses. Due to hunting and habitat destruction, they have become extremely rare in Gulinqing and Yunnan. However, recent habitat restoration has led to sightings of the species in Huayu Cave and Xiaoluoshuidong, indicating progress in conservation efforts.
Natural Beauty and Ecological Value:
Traversing the valley, one encounters knee-deep wormwood paths, shaded by trees, with long vines climbing the trees, bizarre rocks covered in moss, and babbling streams—an exquisite display of pristine ecology.
Conservation Efforts:
In recent years, Maguan County has firmly committed to eco-priority and green development. The county continues to optimize its green ecological pattern and strengthen ecological barriers, laying a solid foundation for a more comprehensive biodiversity conservation system.
Vision for the Future:
A harmonious coexistence with nature, where mountains remain green, waters flow long, air stays fresh, and humans live in harmony with the environment, represents the most beautiful homeland.
You Might Like
- 21 Days Kazakhstan-China-Myanmar Self-Driving Tour from Xinjiang Khorgas to Yunnan Ruili
- 4 Days Cangyuan Monihei Carnival Tour
- 16 Days Yunnan (China)-Thailand Overland Tour from Kunming to Bangkok
- 1 Day Tiger Leaping Gorge Rafting Tour
- 10 Days West Yunnan Birding Tour with Gaoli Gongshan Mountain, Tongbiguan Nature Reserve and Ruili Tropical Forest
- 6 Days Yunnan Coffee, Tea and Minority Culture Tour to Puer and XishuangBanna
- 2 Days Jianshui Ancient Architecture Tour from Kunming
- 5 Days Kunming Ethnic Culture Education Tour
Erhegou Primary Forest in Wenshan City
Chinese Name: 文山二河沟原始森林 English Name: Erhegou Primary Forest in Wenshan City Overview The Erhegou Primary Forest, located in the Laojun Mountain range, is a natural treasure of Wenshan City,...
Puge Cliff Painting in Qiubei County, Wenshan
Chinese Name: 丘北县普格岩画 English Name: Puge Cliff Painting in Qiubei County, Wenshan Overview The Puge Cliff Painting is an ancient rock art site located near Puge Village, 3 kilometers...
Honghuashan Cliff Painting in Qiubei County, Wenshan
Chinese Name: 丘北县红花山岩画 English Name: Honghuashan Cliff Painting in Qiubei County, Wenshan Overview The Honghuashan Cliff Painting is an ancient rock art site located on a cliff face approximately...
Duobaozuo Pagoda in Qiubei County, Wenshan
Chinese Name: 丘北县多宝座和尚塔 English Name: Duobaozuo Monk Pagoda in Qiubei County, Wenshan Overview The Duobaozuo Monk Pagoda is an ancient stone pagoda located just 5 meters behind the teaching...
Heiqinglong Cliff Painting in Qiubei County, Wenshan
Chinese Name: 丘北县黑箐龙岩画 English Name: Heiqinglong Cliff Painting in Qiubei County, Wenshan Overview The Heiqinglong Cliff Painting is an ancient rock art site located on the cliff face near...
Wenbi Tower in Guangnan County, Wenshan
Chinese Name: 广南县文笔塔 English Name: Wenbi Tower in Guangnan County, Wenshan Overview Wenbi Tower is an 11-tiered hollow pagoda located on the summit of Santai Slope, 13 kilometers south...
Houpayan Grand Canyon in Qiubei County, Wenshan
Chinese Name: 丘北县猴爬岩大峡谷 English Name: Houpayan Grand Canyon in Qiubei County, Wenshan Location: Houpayan Grand Canyon is located in the northeast of Qiubei County, about 56 kilometers from the...
Bailonghu Lake in Qiubei County, Wenshan
Chinese Name: 丘北县摆龙湖 English Name: Bailonghu Lake in Qiubei County, Wenshan Bailonghu Lake (壮语: Nyi Bizlangx) Bailonghu Lake is located 26 kilometers west of Qiubei County, Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan...
Liulangdong River Scenic Area in Qiubei County, Wenshan
Chinese Name: 丘北县六郎洞景区 English Name:Liulangdong River Scenic Area in Qiubei County, Wenshan Location Liulangdong Cave is situated 79 kilometers west of Qiubei County, Yunnan Province, near Xiaojiangkou Village in...
Zhongshan Park in Maguan County, Wenshan
Chinese Name: 马关县中山公园 English Name: Zhongshan Park in Maguan County, Wenshan Historical Background Zhongshan Park in Maguan County was originally built by the 18th Regiment, 1st Battalion, 1st Company of...
Maanshan Reservoir in Maguan County, Wenshan
Chinese Name:马关县马鞍山水库 English Name: Maanshan Reservoir in Maguan County, Wenshan Overview Maanshan Reservoir is located 7 kilometers southeast of Maguan County town. Construction began in December 1958. However, due...
Gulinqing Primary Forest in Maguan County, Wenshan
Chinese Name: 马关县古林箐原始森林 English Name: Gulinqing Primary Forest in Maguan County, Wenshan Location and Climate: Gulinqing Township is located in a tropical and subtropical region with a complex topography...
Latest Articles
Yunnan Travel from Copenhagen of Denmark
2025-06-17Yunnan Travel from Denmark
2025-06-17Yunnan Travel from Dominican Republic
2025-06-17Contact Info
