Overview

Zhunti Pavilion (准提阁, Zhunti Gé) is a historic structure located on Zhuquan Street (珠泉街, Zhūquán Jiē) in Shiping County (石屏县, Shípíng Xiàn), Yunnan Province, China. Established during the Qing Dynasty (清, Qīng), specifically in the Shunzhi era (顺治, Shùnzhì), the pavilion is a testament to the region’s rich cultural heritage. The primary building that remains today was constructed during the Guangxu period (光绪, Guāngxù). In 1923, the establishment of Shiping Middle School (石屏中学, Shípíng Zhōngxué) within the pavilion marked an important development in local education.

Architectural Structure

Zhunti Pavilion consists of several key components, including:

• Main Gate (大门, Dàmén)
• Second Gate (二门, Èrmén)
• Tianzun Hall (天尊殿, Tiānzūn Diàn)
• Zhunti Pavilion itself (准提阁, Zhunti Gé)

The pavilion features a double-eaved hip roof (重檐歇山顶, Chóngyán Xiēshān Dǐng) and a wooden beam structure that combines both the lifting beam (抬梁式, Táiláng Shì) and the purlin (穿斗, Chuāndǒu) methods. It has a total width of 19.5 meters and a depth of 14.4 meters, with east and west corridors (廊, Láng). The Qihe Tower (企鹤楼, Qǐhè Lóu), with its four eaves and hip roof, was constructed in the early Republic of China period (民国, Mínguó) alongside the main gate. Inside, various inscriptions from prominent figures, including Tu Rizhuo (涂日卓), Tang Jiyao (唐继尧), and Chen Rongchang (陈荣昌), adorn the walls. In 1983, the pavilion was officially recognized as a cultural relic protection unit in Shiping County.

Historical Background

The ancient city of Shiping is famously said to be built on a giant turtle-shaped rock, a legend that has persisted for over a thousand years. During the Xia (夏), Shang (商), and Zhou (周) dynasties, Shiping was part of Liangzhou (梁州) within the Nine Provinces of China. In pre-Qin times, it belonged to the state of Chu (楚), and during the Han Dynasty (汉), it was part of Yizhou’s Shengxiu County (益州胜休县), referred to as “Jiu Xin” (旧欣) in the Western Han period.

In the Tang Dynasty (唐) under the Tianbao era (天宝), local Yi (彝族) leaders, specifically Wumei Man (乌么蛮), constructed a castle on Moshou Island (末束岛) in the northwest of Yilong Lake (异龙湖), initially naming it Shiping Yi (石坪邑). The city was later relocated to the western shore of Yilong Lake, where it remains today. During the Ming Dynasty (明) Hongwu era (洪武), it was renamed Shiping (石平), and in the early Republic of China, it was further changed to Shiping (石屏).

Historical records note that during the Three Kingdoms period, there was already a belief in the giant turtle rock beneath Shiping. The Qing Dynasty’s Kangxi record mentions that Zhuge Liang passed through the area and described the turtle rock.

Notable Educational Institutions

The school established within Zhunti Pavilion was named “Shiping County Middle School” (石屏县立中学校) in 1923. It was renamed “Yunnan Provincial Shiping Middle School” (云南省立石屏中学校) in August 1933, and by 1939 it had become “Yunnan Provincial Shiping Normal School” (云南省石屏师范学校), which included a junior high school. In 1950, it merged with Shiping County United Middle School, and by 1952, it was officially called “Yunnan Provincial Shiping No. 1 Middle School” (云南省石屏县第一中学).

This institution has produced many distinguished individuals, including:

• Chen Fujin (陈福今), former central committee member and deputy president of the National Academy of Administration.
• Li Jiateng (李嘉廷), former governor of Yunnan Province.
• Yang Yuanwei (杨元恺), a senior engineer from the Ministry of Aviation Industry.
• Yang Chunzhou (杨春洲), an educator and photographer.
• Li Qiao (李乔), a writer of the Yi nationality.

Unique Geological Features

The ancient city of Shiping is uniquely positioned above a massive rock formation. Geological studies confirm that the city is indeed built on stone, and digging in the area can yield fresh springs. Local legends speak of interconnected underground water systems, with tales of buckets from one household appearing in another’s well.

One of the most fascinating features is an artificially carved pool located near Zhunti Pavilion, which showcases an extraordinary phenomenon. Water bubbles up through the stones, creating a spectacle known as “boiling pearl spring” (沸珠泉). This attraction draws numerous visitors, with its sound resembling applause, welcoming guests.

Cultural Significance

The unique geological features and rich history have made Shiping a cultural hotspot. The ancient streets and alleyways are filled with historical architecture, including over ten temples. The layout of the city, with its winding streets and interconnected courtyards, reflects the region’s traditional architectural style.

Numerous notable scholars and officials emerged from Shiping over the centuries. The phrase “Five steps, three scholars; opposite the door, two Hanlin” highlights the area’s educational prestige, with many scholars having grown up in this culturally rich environment.

How to Get There

To reach Zhunti Pavilion in Shiping County, you can:

• By Bus: Regular buses operate from major cities in Yunnan to Shiping County.
• By Car: If driving, follow the main highways leading to Shiping and look for signs directing you to Zhuquan Street.
• By Train: The nearest railway station can be accessed, and then take local transport to the pavilion.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: Spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) provide the best weather for exploring the area.
• Guided Tours: Hiring a local guide can enhance your understanding of the historical and cultural significance of the pavilion and surrounding areas.
• Photography: Bring a camera to capture the stunning architecture and picturesque surroundings.
• Respect the Site: Be mindful of the historical significance, and avoid damaging any structures or artifacts.

Overview

The Chongzipipo Site of Ancient Mining and Metallurgy (个旧市冲子皮坡古冶炼遗址) is located 45 kilometers south of Gejiu City (个旧市), between the villages of Douyan (陡岩村) and Xiaojingkou (小箐口). This significant historical site dates back to the Han Dynasty (汉代) and represents an important industrial archaeological site.

Discovery and Excavation

In May 1993, a scientific excavation began at this ancient smelting site, which spans nearly 10,000 square meters. Two furnaces and a charcoal kiln from the Han Dynasty were uncovered, along with artifacts such as tin ingots, silver ornaments, Han Wuzhu coins (汉五铢), primitive glazed pottery jars, and a large quantity of copper and tin slag. The site’s findings corroborate historical records, such as the “Book of Han” (《前汉书》), which details the extraction of tin and silver in the region.

Historical Context

The discovery was serendipitous. On March 14, 1993, during a local market day, party secretary Fan Xiuying (范秀英) informed cultural officials about artifacts found while villagers were mining for lead ore. Upon visiting the site, officials noted the artifacts unearthed included coins, pottery, and a basin. Deputy Mayor Liu Xingming (刘星明) ordered the excavation to halt for a thorough government investigation.

Artifacts Found

During the excavation, various artifacts were classified into categories based on material:

1. Pottery:
   • One intact pottery jar (泥质陶罐) with decorative impressions.
   • Types included sand-tempered pottery (夹砂陶) and earthenware.
2. Original Porcelain:
   • Two pieces with similar designs, including a broad mouth and a blue glaze.
3. Metal Artifacts:
   • Coins: Two Han Wuzhu coins (汉五铢).
   • Bronze Tools: Including an axe and a basin.
   • Iron Tools: A rusted fragment.
   • Lead Artifacts: Two pieces, one complete lead ingot (铅锭) weighing 4130 grams.
   • Silver Artifacts: Three items, including one silver bracelet and two rings.

Summary of Artifacts

• Pottery: 1 jar, various fragments.
• Porcelain: 2 pieces.
• Metal:
  • Coins: 2 Han Wuzhu coins.
  • Bronze: 1 axe, 1 basin.
  • Iron: 1 fragment.
  • Lead: 2 pieces (1 complete ingot).
  • Silver: 3 pieces (1 bracelet, 2 rings).

Research Findings

Excavation indicated that the smelting process took place in a furnace situated in a sloped design, allowing molten metal to flow out easily. The site also shows features like vent holes, suggesting efficient use of natural wind for airflow.

Dating the Site

While some artifacts date back to the Han Dynasty, radiocarbon dating of charcoal from the site suggests a later period, around the Ming Dynasty (明代) to Qing Dynasty (清代), potentially indicating a historical misalignment in the understanding of the site’s operational timeline.

Significance

The Chongzipipo site is crucial for studying ancient metallurgy and mining practices in China. The large amount of slag found at the site indicates a significant scale of metal processing, suggesting a well-established industry that may have served broader economic and political needs, possibly tied to historical figures like Wu Sangui (吴三桂).

How to Get There

The Chongzipipo site is accessible from Gejiu City. Visitors can take local transportation or self-drive south towards the villages of Douyan and Xiaojingkou. The site is approximately 45 kilometers from the city center.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: The site can be visited year-round, but spring and autumn offer pleasant weather.
• Local Guidance: It’s advisable to engage local guides for a more enriching experience.
• Photography: The landscape around the site is picturesque; bring a camera for great photo opportunities.
• Respect the Site: As a historical site, it’s essential to respect the area, avoiding damage to artifacts and surrounding nature.

Overview

The Tangdian Site of Neolithic Culture (倘甸新石器文化遗址) is an archaeological site located about 20 kilometers north of Gejiu City (个旧市), in the northeastern corner of Tangdian Village (倘甸村), at an elevation of approximately 1,400 meters. The site was excavated from March to April 1993, revealing significant artifacts that date back to the Neolithic era, providing valuable insights into the early cultures of the region.

Geographic Location

The site is positioned 1.5 kilometers east of Tangdian Village in the Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture (红河哈尼族彝族自治州), Yunnan Province (云南省), China. The geographical features include:

• Elevation: Approximately 1,400 meters above sea level.
• Topography: Characterized by a slope that descends from east to west. The eastern cultural layer is relatively thin, while the western layer has a thickness of up to 145 centimeters, indicating better preservation conditions.

Cultural Significance

Since 1990, excavations have uncovered numerous artifacts, including:

• Stone Tools: 31 pieces, including:
  • Stone axes (石斧)
  • Scrapers (刮削器)
  • Perforated tools (穿孔石器)
  • Stone walls (石壁)
  • Stone balls (石球)
• Pottery Items: 40 pieces, including:
  • Plates (盘)
  • Bowls (钵)
  • Jars (罐)
  • Ceremonial vessels (尊)
  • Basins (盆)

These findings showcase the rich cultural heritage of the Tangdian Neolithic site, making it one of the most prominent late Neolithic sites in the Honghe Prefecture. The site’s artifacts reflect the daily life, technology, and cultural practices of the inhabitants during the Neolithic period.

Archaeological Research

In the spring of 1993, the Honghe Prefecture Cultural Heritage Administration (红河州文管所) and the Gejiu Museum (个旧市博物馆) conducted a thorough investigation and preliminary excavation. They estimated the site’s area to be approximately 1,000 square meters. The site is distinguished by its cultural accumulation, which is categorized into six layers. The archaeological data collected is crucial for understanding the Neolithic cultural types in the Honghe River Basin, offering empirical evidence for researching Yunnan’s Neolithic cultural characteristics.

Additional Information

Tangdian is located on the northern outskirts of Gejiu City, defined by the following coordinates:

• Longitude: 103°37′—103°45′ east
• Latitude: 23°01′—23°06′ north

Nearby Attractions

1. Gejiu City (个旧市): Known for its tin mining history and beautiful landscapes.
2. Jiangchuan Lake (江川湖): A scenic area nearby, perfect for picnics and nature walks.
3. Xingyi Cave (兴义洞): A natural cave offering stunning geological formations.

How to Get There

• By Car: The most convenient way to reach the Tangdian Site is by car. From Gejiu City, take the road north towards Tangdian Village, approximately a 30-minute drive. The route is scenic, with picturesque views of the surrounding mountains and countryside.
• Public Transport: Local buses operate from Gejiu City to Tangdian Village, with a journey time of about 45 minutes. Be sure to check the latest schedules.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: The site can be visited year-round, but spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November) are particularly pleasant due to the mild weather and blooming flora.
• Preparation:
  • Wear comfortable shoes suitable for walking, as the site may require trekking through uneven terrain.
  • Bring water and snacks, especially if planning to explore nearby attractions.
  • A camera is recommended for capturing the stunning landscape and historical artifacts, but be respectful of any restrictions regarding photography.
• Guided Tours: Consider joining a guided tour for in-depth knowledge about the site and its significance. Local guides often share rich stories and insights about the cultural history and significance of the artifacts.
• Respecting the Site: Follow all posted guidelines, refrain from touching artifacts, and ensure you leave no trace to help preserve this important cultural heritage site for future visitors.

Overview

Wuzhe Hot Spring (Wúzhě Wēnquán, 五者温泉) is located 80 kilometers east of the world-renowned Shilin (Shílín, 石林) scenic area and 15 kilometers from the Alu Ancient Cave (Ālǔ Gǔdòng, 阿庐古洞) scenic spot in Luxi County (Lùxī Xiàn, 泸西县), approximately 170 kilometers from Kunming (Kūnmíng, 昆明). On September 15, 2002, it was approved as a “National Water Conservancy Scenic Area” by the Ministry of Water Resources (Shuǐlì Bù, 水利部). The scenic area belongs to the Pearl River (Zhūjiāng, 珠江) water system.

Basic Information

• Chinese Name: 五者温泉 (Wúzhě Wēnquán)
• English Name: The Wuzhe Hotspring
• Location: Wuzhe Village (Wúzhě Cūn, 五者村), Baishui Town (Báishuǐ Zhèn, 白水镇), Luxi County (Lùxī Xiàn, 泸西县), Honghe (Hónghē, 红河)
• Climate Conditions: Mountain climate (Shāndì qìhòu, 山地气候)
• Opening Hours: Daily from 10:00 AM to 10:00 PM
• Water Output: 600 m³
• Elevation: 1767 meters to 2227 meters
• Average Annual Temperature: 14.6°C

Geographic Environment

Wuzhe Hot Spring (Wúzhě Wēnquán, 五者温泉) is renowned for its elegance, tranquility, and natural beauty, often referred to as a “paradise on earth.” During the winter and spring seasons, the hills are adorned with a spectacular display of camellias and rhododendrons. Adjacent to the hot spring is the Wuzhe Medium Reservoir (Wúzhě Zhōngxíng Shuǐkù, 五者中型水库), famously known as the “Little Three Gorges” (Xiǎo Sānxiá, 小三峡). Surrounded by mountains, the reservoir boasts crystal-clear waters and picturesque scenery, with various wildflowers blooming in layers throughout the year, while waterfowl frolic among the mountain landscapes, creating a scene akin to poetry and painting.

Scenic Location

Wuzhe Hot Spring (Wúzhě Wēnquán, 五者温泉) is situated 80 kilometers east of the famous Shilin (Shílín, 石林) scenic area and 15 kilometers from the Alu Ancient Cave (Ālǔ Gǔdòng, 阿庐古洞), making it a perfect getaway from Kunming (Kūnmíng, 昆明).

Attractions

The scenic area has constructed four swimming pools and 17 VIP pools, along with a two-star hotel accommodating over 200 guests. There is a restaurant, conference room, and entertainment facilities including a KTV and a tilapia fishing area. The hot spring’s water output reaches 600 cubic meters, with an outlet temperature of up to 78°C.

Nearby, the Yi people (Yí Zú, 彝族) reside in distinctive white houses that highlight the local ethnic culture, enriching the tourist experience. Visitors can enjoy soaking in the hot springs, taking speedboat rides, exploring the Little Three Gorges (Xiǎo Sānxiá, 小三峡), enjoying farm-to-table meals, and watching performances.

Travel Experience: A Journey to Wuzhe Hot Spring

Day 1: Departing from Kunming (Kūnmíng, 昆明) with excitement, we drive through beautiful scenery toward Wuzhe Hot Spring (Wúzhě Wēnquán, 五者温泉).

Upon arrival in Luxi (Lùxī, 泸西), we savor local delicacies, including Luxi roasted potatoes (Lùxī shāo yángtǐ) and Luxi cold rice noodles (Lùxī liáng mǐxiàn), which offer a unique and unforgettable taste.

Finally, we reach the hot springs, where the pools are nestled among shaded hills. With options like the rose pool (méiguī ch池), milk pool (niúnǎi ch池), and herbal pool (zhōngyào ch池), each pool offers a comfortable temperature, allowing us to relax deeply.

The rooms are spacious and bright, featuring balconies with hot tubs and rest areas for a leisurely experience. Although the room is a bit distant from the hot spring area, this adds an element of mystery to our trip.

In the evening, we enjoy dinner at the resort, with a variety of dishes made from local ingredients. A stroll in the night reveals the healing power of nature.

Day 2: Awakened by the sounds of birds, we notice that breakfast service could be improved, but the stunning natural environment makes up for it.

After checking out at noon, we head to Luxi Wetland Park (Lùxī Shīdì Gōngyuán, 泸西湿地公园), a pleasant place to unwind. Although road construction obscures signs, this adds to the adventure of our journey.

Overall, the trip to Wuzhe Hot Spring (Wúzhě Wēnquán, 五者温泉) is an unforgettable experience. From soaking in the hot springs to tasting local delicacies and enjoying the scenic beauty, it leaves a lasting impression. We look forward to returning for a longer stay!

Travel Information

• Travel Time: Approximately 3 hours or more
• Ticket Price: General ticket: 49 RMB (January 1 – December 31, Monday to Sunday)
• Opening Hours: 10:00 AM – 8:00 PM (January 1 – December 31, Monday to Sunday)
• Location: Baishui Town (Báishuǐ Zhèn, 白水镇), Luxi County (Lùxī Xiàn, 泸西县), Honghe (Hónghē, 红河)

How to Get There

• Transportation:
  • Wuzhe Hot Spring (Wúzhě Wēnquán, 五者温泉) can be reached by car or public transportation from Kunming (Kūnmíng, 昆明).

Travel Tips

1. Best Time to Visit: Aim for the cooler months to enjoy the hot springs.
2. Reservation: Consider booking accommodations in advance, especially during peak seasons.
3. Essentials: Bring swimwear, sunscreen, and personal hygiene items for the hot spring experience.
4. Local Cuisine: Don’t miss trying the local specialties; they are a highlight of the trip.
5. Exploration: Allow time for nearby attractions, such as the Little Three Gorges (Xiǎo Sānxiá, 小三峡).

Location:

Honghe Wuzhe Hot Spring in Luxi County, travel guide introduces the main attractions, entrance tickets booking, The best time to visit, How to Get there, the highlights, facts, history, photos, weather, accommodation, visiting routes, travel tips, tour maps of Wuzhe Hot Spring in Honghe (泸西吾者温泉).

Overview

The Jiutian Pavilion (Jiǔtiān Gé, 九天阁) is located in the urban area of Kaiyuan City (Kāiyuán Shì, 开远市), Yunnan Province (Yúnnán Shěng, 云南省). Originally part of the Amizhou Wenchang Palace (Āmí Wénchāng Gōng, 阿迷文昌宫), it was formerly known as the Kuixing Pavilion (Kuíxīng Gé, 魁星阁). Once the tallest structure in Amizhou (Āmí Zhōu, 阿迷州), climbing to its top offers a panoramic view of the entire basin.

The pavilion was established in the sixth year of the Yongzheng Emperor’s reign (1728) during the Qing Dynasty (Qīng Cháo, 清朝), underwent renovations during the Guangxu period (Guāngxù Niánjiān, 光绪年间), and was renamed Jiutian Pavilion (Jiǔtiān Gé, 九天阁) in the early Republic of China (Mín Guó, 民国) period. In 1983, it was designated as a cultural relic protection unit of Kaiyuan City (Kāiyuán Shì, 开远市).

Geographic Location

• Location: Kaiyuan City (Kāiyuán Shì, 开远市), Yunnan Province (Yúnnán Shěng, 云南省)
• Climate Conditions: Subtropical plateau monsoon climate (Yàrèdài gāoyuán jìfēng qìhòu, 亚热带高原季风气候)

Historical Significance

The Jiutian Pavilion (Jiǔtiān Gé, 九天阁) has historical significance as it reflects the architectural styles and cultural heritage of its time. It stands as a testament to the craftsmanship and design of the Qing Dynasty (Qīng Cháo, 清朝) and has become a symbol of local pride.

Climate Characteristics

Honghe (Hónghē, 红河) is situated in the southern Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau (Yúnnán Guìzhōu Gāoyuán, 云南贵州高原), featuring diverse landforms such as limestone mountains, plateaus, valleys, basins, and hills. The region experiences a large elevation difference and complex topography, characterized by ample rainfall, abundant sunlight, minimal annual temperature variation, and a humid climate influenced by monsoons.

Because the Tropic of Cancer (Zhōnggāngxiàn, 北回归线) crosses the region, temperatures and humidity levels increase from north to south, exhibiting a humid and hot climate. The rainy season in Honghe (Hónghē, 红河) typically spans from May to October, while frost periods occur from late November to the following January and February.

Therefore, it is best to visit Honghe (Hónghē, 红河) from March to April and September to November, avoiding the hot and rainy summer and autumn months.

How to Get There

• Location: Jiutian Pavilion (Jiǔtiān Gé, 九天阁), Kaiyuan City (Kāiyuán Shì, 开远市), Honghe (Hónghē, 红河).
• Transportation:
  • The pavilion is accessible by local buses or taxis within Kaiyuan City (Kāiyuán Shì, 开远市).

Travel Tips

1. Best Time to Visit: March to April and September to November are ideal for pleasant weather.
2. Entry Fee: Check for any fees or permits required for access.
3. Duration: Plan for a visit of 1-2 hours to enjoy the scenery and explore the pavilion.
4. Preparation: Bring water and snacks, as nearby facilities may be limited.
5. Photography: Capture the beautiful views from the top, especially during sunrise or sunset for stunning lighting.

Overview

Mengzi Martyrs’ Cemetery (蒙自烈士陵园, Méngzì lièshì língyuán) is located in the southeastern outskirts of Mengzi County (蒙自县, Méngzì xiàn), near the Xiao Xinzai Reservoir (小新寨水库, Xiǎo xīnzhài shuǐkù). It honors over 290 martyrs from the 1979 Vietnam self-defense counterattack, including more than 20 militia members who assisted the 13th Army (13军, Shísān jūn) during the conflict. The entrance features an archway, with a plaque inscribed by Comrade Song Renqiong (宋任穷, Sòng Rèngqióng), reading “Mengzi Martyrs’ Cemetery.”

Cemetery Description

The cemetery was established in 1979 and spans an area of 54,440 square meters. It is rectangular in shape and situated in a vast hilly landscape, surrounded by green mountains, with a view of the county to the north. The entrance bears the inscription “Mengbai Lie Wang Xiayuan” (蒙百烈王霞园), also penned by Song Renqiong.

Main Features

Upon entering, visitors find a memorial square with a prominent monument inscribed with “Revolutionary Martyrs Will Live Forever,” a phrase written by Deng Xiaoping (邓小平, Dèng Xiǎopíng). The cemetery includes a reception area and scenic spots featuring arched bridges, pools, and pavilions. The main area is the monument itself, while the back contains a burial area flanked by exhibition rooms showcasing the martyrs’ deeds and a columbarium.

Burials of the Martyrs

In 1980, 132 martyrs’ graves from the former Mengzi Lie Wang Temple (蒙自烈王殿, Méngzì lièwáng diàn) were relocated here. Among them are early members of the Communist Party of China in Yunnan, including Du Tao (杜涛, Dù Tāo), Li Xin (李鑫, Lǐ Xīn), Dai Deming (戴德明, Dài Démíng), and Yang Fengchun (杨逢春, Yáng Féngchūn), who sacrificed their lives in 1929. Also commemorated are martyrs from the 13th Army during anti-bandit operations in the 1950s and heroes from the border defense struggles of the 1970s.

Importance

The Mengzi Martyrs’ Cemetery has become an essential site for revolutionary education, patriotism, and military support training. It was recognized as a key revolutionary memorial site in Yunnan Province in 1988 and later designated as a patriotic education base in 1998. In October 2021, it was included in the public list of educational bases for national unity and progress in Honghe Prefecture (红河州, Hónghé zhōu).

Visiting the Cemetery

Visitors arriving at Mengzi Martyrs’ Cemetery will first notice the charging stations for electric vehicles conveniently located by the entrance. It’s important to plan your visit accordingly, as the cemetery closes at 5:30 PM.

Nearby Attractions

The Xiao Xinzai Reservoir next to the cemetery is a great place for leisurely walks, allowing visitors to enjoy the tranquility of nature.

Travel Tips

• Safety Regulations: Adhere to the cemetery’s safety guidelines and do not misuse or damage any fire safety equipment. Activities that disturb the memorial environment are prohibited.
• Memorial Facilities: Take time to explore the various commemorative structures, such as monuments and sculptures, which pay tribute to the martyrs.
• Reservations: For activities or inquiries, you can call the reservation service at 0873-3856134.
• Respectful Behavior: Maintain a solemn demeanor while visiting this sacred place, honoring those who sacrificed their lives for the nation.

How to Get There

Mengzi Martyrs’ Cemetery is easily accessible by car or public transportation from the city center of Mengzi. It is approximately 5 kilometers from the county’s heart, making it a convenient visit for anyone interested in the region’s history and culture.

Location:

Honghe Mengzi Martyrs’Cemetery, travel guide introduces the main attractions, entrance tickets booking, The best time to visit, How to Get there, the highlights, facts, history, photos, weather, accommodation, visiting routes, travel tips, tour maps of Mengzi Martyrs’Cemetery in Honghe (蒙自烈士陵园).

Overview

Daheishan Mountain (Dàhēishān/大黑山) is located in the eastern part of Kaiyuan City (Kāiyuán Shì), with an elevation of approximately 2,775.5 meters. The region features a subtropical plateau monsoon climate, characterized by a significant altitude and the features of a high-altitude cold mountain climate. The annual average temperature is around 17°C, with distinct climatic zones, ample rainfall during the wet season, and substantial temperature differences between day and night. This unique climate has led to the saying, “One mountain divides four seasons, ten miles have different weather.”

Climate Characteristics

Due to its unique climate, Daheishan’s water resources are significantly influenced by geographical and climatic conditions, with a stark contrast between rainfall during the flood season and the dry season. The average annual rainfall is 870.1 mm, and the average temperature is 10.7°C, with 1,722.1 hours of sunshine annually and a sunshine rate of 39%. The growing season for crops lasts about 280 days, with a long frost period and severe frost in winter. Daheishan is home to magnificent stone forest landscapes, impressive terraced fields, and vast highland pastures, as well as traditional Yi (彝族) villages, making it a valuable tourism resource and an excellent spot for leisure travel. The organic products and pleasant altitude provide a solid foundation for building a tourist resort.

Tourism Development

With ongoing social progress and the comprehensive implementation of the western development strategy, Kaiyuan’s external connections and exchanges are becoming increasingly frequent. The construction of the Daheishan tourist area will serve as a window for communication and cooperation for Kaiyuan. The development of this tourist area will drive the growth of Kaiyuan’s tourism industry and enhance the city’s image, thereby attracting investments and shifting away from a development path solely reliant on energy resources. The project includes the construction of tourism projects, transportation facilities, visitor service facilities, and environmental protection efforts.

Geographical Features

Daheishan extends for ten miles to the east of Yangjie (羊街) and rises over 2,600 meters above sea level. From the Yangjie Basin (羊街坝子), which is about 1,300 meters high, Daheishan appears as a massive wall, shrouded in clouds and mist. The “Stone City” (石围城) atop the mountain features stone formations that resemble a city wall, with an entrance called “Heaven’s Gate” (天门坎), where two steep cliffs rise almost vertically.

Legends and Mysteries

According to legend, the creator Pangu (盘古) split the heavens and the earth, creating this “gate” that separates solid ground from the ethereal sky, representing two different worlds. The scenery here provides stunning contrasts in light and shadow, making it a perfect spot for photography. Occasionally, visitors may see silhouettes emerging from the “gate,” appearing almost magical in the mist.

Attractions

Stone Market (石围城的街市)

In the Stone City, there is a market-like atmosphere. The area showcases a blend of karst landforms and alpine pastures, creating picturesque views reminiscent of a scroll painting. The towering rock formations here are breathtaking.

Mountain Peaks and Flora

The mountain’s summit is characterized by strong winds and sparse tree cover, mostly featuring grass and shrubs. Diverse plants thrive among the rocks, with vibrant flowers blooming in yellow, white, pink, and purple.

The “Whip Stone” (始皇鞭石)

The stones in the Stone City are predominantly red, covered with a unique moss that gives them their color. This area is rich with legends, including tales of Emperor Qin Shi Huang (始皇) attempting to cross the sea and the stones bleeding when struck, leading to their distinctive red appearance.

Spring Rhododendron Blossoms

In April, Daheishan’s rhododendrons bloom, attracting many visitors who come to witness their beauty. The trails winding through the mountain lead to valleys filled with vibrant flowers, creating a magical atmosphere.

How to Get There

• Location: Daheishan Mountain, Stone City, Kaiyuan City, Honghe.
• Transportation:
  • From Kunming (昆明), it takes about 3.5 hours by car.
  • From Pingbian (屏边), it takes about 1.5 hours by car.

Travel Tips

1. Entry Fee: Admission is free for all visitors.
2. Recommended Duration: Plan to spend 1-2 hours exploring the area.
3. Preparation: There are no shops in the scenic area, so bring your own water and snacks.
4. Best Combined Trips: It is highly recommended to combine your visit with nearby Pingbian attractions for a family-friendly itinerary, ideally over 2-3 days.
5. Photography: Capture the stunning contrasts in light and shadow, especially during golden hours for the best photos.

Pack your bags and get ready to uncover the mysteries of Daheishan Mountain this weekend!

Honghe Daheishan Mountain in Kaiyuan City, travel guide introduces the main attractions, entrance tickets booking, The best time to visit, How to Get there, the highlights, facts, history, photos, weather, accommodation, visiting routes, travel tips, tour maps of Daheishan Mountain in Honghe (开远大黑山).

Overview

Xingfu Grassland (幸福大草原, Xìngfú Dàcǎoyuán) in Kaiyuan City (开远市, Kāiyuǎn Shì) was established in 2009 and is located between Dongxin Road (东新路, Dōngxīn Lù) and Jianshe East Road (建设东路, Jiànshè Dōnglù). It is adjacent to the administrative center of Kaiyuan City and a newly developed residential area. Initially covering an area of approximately 47,000 square meters, the grassland has expanded to 168,000 square meters over five years of development. The grass used here includes walkable East African foxtail grass and a mixed blend of other grasses.

The grassland is equipped with solar-powered and wind-powered lighting, a large-screen television, and facilities for direct drinking water and a musical fountain.

Activities and Atmosphere

As the weather in Kaiyuan becomes increasingly warm, many citizens flock to the grassland after dinner. Families often bring mats or blankets, with adults and children alike enjoying various activities. Some choose a good spot to watch television and chat, while others fly kites, play frisbee, or take leisurely walks. Some even set up tents to camp on the grassland. Visitors from outside Kaiyuan also come to experience the joy of the grassland. The atmosphere is one of happiness and contentment, leading to its name “Xingfu Grassland.” Statistics show that nearly ten thousand people visit Xingfu Grassland each night. Given its spaciousness and excellent facilities, the Kaiyuan City government has designated it as a disaster prevention and risk refuge site.

Xingfu Grassland is a treasure trove that offers a refreshing escape, just waiting for you to explore!

Visitor Information

• Name: Xingfu Grassland (幸福大草原, Xìngfú Dàcǎoyuán)
• Location: 150 meters west of the intersection of Xingyuan North Road (兴远北路, Xīngyuán Běilù) and Qiangsheng Road (强盛路, Qiángshèng Lù), Kaiyuan City, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture (红河哈尼族彝族自治州, Hónghé Hānízú Yízú Zìzhìzhōu), Yunnan Province (云南省, Yúnnán Shěng)
• Opening Hours: Open all day, welcoming visitors at any time.

How to Get There

By Public Transport:

You can take Kaiyuan Bus Route 19 and get off at the Kai 11 Middle School (开11中) stop. From there, it’s a short walk to the grassland.

By Car:

The roads are in good condition, making for a smooth journey. Fuel stations are conveniently located along the way, enhancing your driving experience.

Travel Tips

1. Admission: Entry to all attractions in the grassland is free, allowing you to enjoy the beautiful scenery without any cost.
2. Self-Driving: The route is straightforward and well-maintained, making your self-driving trip enjoyable and hassle-free.

At Xingfu Grassland, you can run freely, let your spirit soar, and experience the vastness and freedom of the grassland. Come and embark on your journey to the grassland!

Honghe Xingfu Grassland in Kaiyuan City, travel guide introduces the main attractions, entrance tickets booking, The best time to visit, How to Get there, the highlights, facts, history, photos, weather, accommodation, visiting routes, travel tips, tour maps of Xingfu Grassland in Honghe (开远幸福大草原).

Overview

Nestled on the southern bank of Nanhu (南湖, Nán Hú) in Mengzi City (蒙自市, Méngzì Shì), Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture (红河哈尼族彝族自治州, Hónghé Hānízú Yízú Zìzhìzhōu), stands a charming two-story yellow building. Regardless of the weather—be it rain, scorching heat, or the chill of winter—this structure quietly overlooks the scenic views of Nanhu, witnessing the cycles of nature. With its air of mystery and a touch of foreign romance, it resembles an elderly guardian that has watched over this small Yunnan town for over a century. This beloved landmark is known locally as the “French Garden” (法国花园, Fǎguó Huāyuán).

Similar to other French-related architectural sites in Mengzi, the French Garden is closely tied to the construction of the Yunnan-Vietnam Railway (滇越铁路, Diānyuè Tiělù), which traverses the nearby mountains.

Historical Background

The French Garden法国花园 was originally named the “French Yunnan-Vietnam Railway General Bureau” (法国滇越铁路总局, Fǎguó Diānyuè Tiělù Zǒngjú), and prior to that, it served as the Italian Consulate in Mengzi (意大利驻蒙自领事馆, Yìdàlì Zhù Méngzì Lǐngshìguǎn). After the Italian consulate relocated, it was occupied by the French-appointed railway supervision office. The French, known for their romantic spirit, infused this small building with their culture, and the beauty of the surrounding landscape naturally inspired a sense of charm and allure, prompting locals to refer to it as the French Garden.

During its operational years, the Yunnan-Vietnam Railway was divided into upper, middle, and lower sections for construction, with many engineers and contractors being Italian. The Italian government established a consulate within the old railway bureau until the new railway office was completed in Bisezhai (碧色寨, Bìsèzhài), at which point the Italian consulate moved out, making way for the French supervision office. The two-story building, adorned with exotic architectural styles, often echoed with music and laughter, while the vibrant flowers surrounding it enhanced its beauty. Hence, locals dubbed it the French Garden. Today, one can still envision the past through the garden’s light yellow walls, crimson pointed roofs, wooden shutters, and European-style bell tower.

Current Attractions

Today, the French Garden is famous for its Motuo Tavern (墨脱酒馆, Mòtuō Jiǔguǎn). According to the owner, she dreams of visiting the idyllic county of Motuo (墨脱县, Mòtuō Xiàn) in Tibet but hasn’t had the courage to do so due to its perceived dangers. The tavern specializes in Western cuisine, featuring unique snacks such as turtle jelly milk tea and papaya juice. It is also a popular gathering place for English enthusiasts, making it a unique social hub in Mengzi. If you’re looking for delicious Western food, this is definitely a spot worth visiting.

How to Get There

The French Garden is conveniently located along the southern bank of Nanhu in Mengzi City, Honghe Prefecture.

By Car:

If you’re driving from the center of Mengzi, follow local road signs to reach Nanhu Park. The garden is situated nearby, making it easily accessible.

Travel Tips

• Timing: Visiting in the late afternoon can provide a lovely view of the sunset over Nanhu.
• Photography: Bring a camera to capture the charming architecture and vibrant flowers, especially during blooming seasons.
• Dining: Be sure to try the specialties at Motuo Tavern for a delightful culinary experience.
• Language: Since many locals gather here for English practice, it’s a good opportunity to converse with others and enhance your language skills.

Honghe French Garden in Mengzi City, travel guide introduces the main attractions, entrance tickets booking, the best time to visit, how to Get there, the highlights, facts, history, photos, weather, accommodation, visiting routes, travel tips, tour maps of French Garden in Honghe (蒙自法国花园).

Overview

The Exhibition Hall of Former Custom (蒙自海关旧址, Méngzì Hǎiguān Jiùzhǐ) is located in the southeastern corner of Nanhu (南湖, Nán Hú) in Mengzi City (蒙自市, Méngzì Shì), Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture (红河哈尼族彝族自治州, Hónghé Hānízú Yízú Zìzhìzhōu), Yunnan Province (云南省, Yúnnán Shěng). Covering an area of approximately 2,925 square meters, this site dates back from the Qing Dynasty (清朝, Qīng Cháo) to the Republic of China (民国, Mínguó) era.

The architectural layout of the former customs site is meticulously organized, radiating from the Customs Tax Office (海关税务司署, Hǎiguān Shuìwù Sīshǔ) at its center. It features a blend of European-style buildings with red tiles and yellow walls, alongside Chinese-style architecture characterized by ornate beams and flying eaves. Existing structures include the Mengzi Customs Tax Office, the French Consulate (法国领事府, Fǎguó Lǐngshì Fǔ), a garden, and the Goulas Commercial House (哥胪士洋行, Gēlúshì Yángháng), which are primarily French-style buildings. This site testifies to the complex history of Yunnan’s development and reflects the cultural exchange between China and the West.

In May 2006, the Exhibition Hall of Former Custom was announced as a key cultural heritage site by the State Council of the People’s Republic of China.

Historical Background

In the 13th year of Guangxu (光绪, Guāngxù) in 1887, the first French consul, M. Léon de Montigny, arrived in Mengzi. He purchased approximately 5 acres of land outside the eastern gate of the city to build the French Consulate, which was completed in 1888. The Mengzi Customs and Tax Office began construction in the same year and was completed in 1889. By the 21st year of the Republic (1932), the consulate was moved to Kunming, ending its presence in Mengzi.

Over the years, the site has undergone various transformations, including being repurposed as classrooms for the Southwest Associated University (西南联合大学, Xīnán Liánhé Dàxué) during 1938-1939. In 1940, the site was shut down as the Japanese army occupied Vietnam, interrupting operations.

Architectural Layout

The site encompasses a total area of 2,925 square meters, with its architectural design radiating from the Customs Tax Office at the center. It exhibits a unique blend of European and Chinese architectural styles, illustrating the cultural interactions of the time. Key buildings include:

• Customs Tax Office (海关税务司署, Hǎiguān Shuìwù Sīshǔ): A palace-style wooden structure with an area of 323.4 square meters.
• French Consulate (法国领事府, Fǎguó Lǐngshì Fǔ): Comprising 10 main rooms and 6 side rooms, it spans over 500 square meters.
• French Prison (法国监狱, Fǎguó Jiānyù): Two single-story brick-and-wood buildings featuring European architectural styles.
• French Garden (法国花园, Fǎguó Huāyuán): A two-story rectangular building near the water, covering an area of 215.04 square meters.
• Goulas Commercial House (哥胪士洋行, Gēlúshì Yángháng): A two-story building occupying an area of approximately 1,800 square meters.

Cultural Significance

The Exhibition Hall of Former Custom stands as a testament to the turbulent history of modern Yunnan and symbolizes the cultural exchanges between East and West.

Preservation Efforts

In May 2006, the site was designated as a key cultural heritage site by the State Council of the People’s Republic of China. In November 2018, it was selected as part of the third batch of 20th-century architectural heritage in China.

How to Get There

The Exhibition Hall of Former Custom is located in the southeastern corner of Nanhu in Mengzi City, Honghe Prefecture.

By Car:

From the Mengzi Municipal Government, the journey to the former customs site is approximately 8.6 kilometers and takes about 26 minutes.

Travel Tips

• Timing: Visiting during the morning or late afternoon can help you avoid the midday heat and crowds.
• Guided Tours: Consider joining a guided tour to gain deeper insights into the history and architecture of the site.
• Photography: The blend of architectural styles offers excellent photography opportunities, especially during sunrise and sunset.
• Local Cuisine: Explore nearby local eateries to enjoy traditional Yunnanese dishes after your visit.

Honghe The Exhibition Hall of Former Custom in Mengzi City, travel guide introduces the main attractions, entrance tickets booking, the best time to visit, how to Get there, the highlights, facts, history, photos, weather, accommodation, visiting routes, travel tips, tour maps of The Exhibition Hall of Former Custom in Honghe (蒙自老海关陈列室).

Xinansuo Old Town新安所古镇 is located in the southeastern part of Mengzi City, approximately 6 kilometers from the city center. Established in the eighth year of the Zhengde era (1513) during the Ming Dynasty, the Xinansuo Military Garrison (新安守御千户所) was built in 1517, leading to the construction of the Xinansuo City (新安所城). This area has left behind numerous historical and cultural relics, from ancient streets dating back to the Ming and Qing Dynasties to military sites.

A Tranquil Journey Through History

Xinansuo is not bustling or noisy; it is ancient and serene. Each old street and ancient residence tells stories of the past. The marks on the ropes of the old well record the vicissitudes of this ancient town. Walking through the old streets and houses of Xinansuo, one can feel the unique charm of bygone times.

The Historical Significance of Xinansuo

The history of Xinansuo can be traced back to the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, when the ancient County of Bangu (贲古县) was established nearby over two thousand years ago. This long-standing military and agricultural culture has nurtured the Xinansuo Old Town, weaving a rich tapestry of cultural history. The military garrison established here played a significant role in local governance and defense.

Cultural Memories

In one corner of the old town, there stands a traditional archway and several courtyards, symbolizing the cherished cultural memories of the locals. Ning Jiamu (宁家木), a genuine Xinansuo native, has devoted considerable time to collecting and organizing materials about Xinansuo since his retirement. He says, “To understand the history of a city, one must walk into the place where history began.” His passion for preserving local history is evident in his extensive collection of artifacts and documents.

Reliving Memories

While reviewing his materials, Ning Jiamu narrates his memories of Xinansuo, mentioning ancient residences, tombs, stone tablets, theaters, shops, and ancient postal routes. Each detail seems to come alive, recounting the past. He emphasizes the importance of these historical sites in understanding the evolution of the town.

Modern-Day Xinansuo

Standing by the archway of Xinansuo Old Town, the flowing traffic and bustling pedestrians create a sense of time disconnection, making it hard to imagine what the ancient town originally looked like.

The Ancient Stone Paths

Continuing along Zhaxia Street (扎下街), an ancient street appears, featuring narrow, elongated alleys and weathered bluestone paths, flanked by century-old residences from the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The simple gray tiles and intricately carved wooden structures reflect the architectural style of the Huizhou region in southern Jiangsu, with each stone slab and wall telling tales of history.

“A Single Gun” Building

Venturing further, one can see a building known as “A Single Gun” (一条枪), named for its barrack door that measures exactly one zhang and one chi (approximately 3.2 meters), which coincidentally matches the length of a Ming Dynasty spear. The building’s entrance is modest, but it hides many mysteries, serving as a military barrack that was easy to defend. Its unique architectural style reflects the strategic needs of the era.

Daily Life in Xinansuo

As you walk past the “A Single Gun” building, you may encounter resident Huang Liangyu (黄良玉) sewing items on a sewing machine. Approaching her, you’ll find her smiling warmly. Huang married into Xinansuo from a nearby village and has lived on this old street for over 40 years.

Memories of a Simple Life

“Life in Xinansuo is very comfortable; this place has a lot of charm,” Huang says. Although the town seems to have changed, the old well still stands at her door. Over the years, the well has acquired marks from ropes, while the stone paths have become smooth, witnesses to the passage of time. The mud houses have undergone renovations, evolving from earthen structures to brick houses. Looking up, one can see the blending of old and new, showcasing the civilization of different eras.

A Tapestry of Historical Sites

The ancient streets of Xinansuo are interwoven and accessible, with historical and cultural relics mainly distributed along Chengzheng Street (城正街), Nantun Street (南屯街), Zhaxia Street, and Dahou Street (大后街). Key highlights include:

• Chenghuang Temple (城隍庙): Built in the twelfth year of the Zhengde era (1517), it includes existing structures like the mountain gate and opera stage. The temple serves as a vital cultural site for local festivals and events.
• Wenchang Palace (文昌宫): Located on Chengzheng Street, this palace was used as a memorial hall during the War of Resistance against Japan, now known as Zhongshan Hall (中山堂). It features the Kuixing Pavilion (魁星阁), Wenchang Hall (文昌殿), and an opera stage, showcasing traditional architecture.
• Guanyin Temple (观音寺): Originally built in the 25th year of the Kangxi era (1685) and reconstructed in 1762, this temple features significant historical structures that reflect local beliefs and traditions.

Additional Attractions

Xinansuo boasts over 80 ancient wells, though only a few are visible today. The architecture showcases diverse styles and echoes the town’s rich history. Each well has its own story and significance, often linked to local legends and daily life.

How to Get There

To reach Xinansuo Old Town, take public transportation from Mengzi City to the old town area. Local buses frequently run to the vicinity, making it convenient for visitors. The bus routes are well-marked, and the journey is generally affordable.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: Spring and autumn are ideal for pleasant weather and beautiful scenery. The flowers bloom in spring, making the landscape vibrant.
• What to Bring: Comfortable walking shoes for exploring the ancient streets and a camera to capture the scenic beauty. Consider carrying a water bottle to stay hydrated.
• Cultural Etiquette: Be respectful when interacting with locals and appreciate the historical significance of the area. It’s encouraged to engage with residents to learn more about their stories and the history of Xinansuo.
• Local Cuisine: Don’t miss out on trying local delicacies in the nearby eateries. Sample traditional dishes that reflect the unique flavors of the region.
• Safety: While Xinansuo is generally safe, it’s advisable to stay alert and keep personal belongings secure, especially in crowded areas.

Location:
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Wenlan Park is a highlight of Mengzi City, offering a lush, green environment filled with fragrant flowers, making it an ideal spot for leisure and entertainment for locals and visitors alike. The park features several themed areas, such as the Music Fountain Square (音乐喷泉广场), Children’s Playground (儿童游乐区), and Fitness Trail (健身步道), catering to visitors of all ages. At Wenlan Park, you can stroll along tree-lined paths, experiencing the tranquility and beauty of nature. You can also sit on the steps of the Music Fountain Square to enjoy the harmonious blend of water and music. Additionally, the park frequently hosts various cultural activities and performances, allowing visitors to appreciate both the scenic beauty and the rich cultural atmosphere.

Location and Features

Wenlan Park is located at the government administrative center of Mengzi City, serving as an open park. It covers an area of 346,000 square meters and includes leisure squares, fountains, tiered water platforms, artificial lakes, and landscaped areas. The total estimated investment for the county-level administrative center is approximately 132.45 million yuan, with about 47.45 million yuan allocated for the government office building, and an estimated investment of 30 million yuan for Wenlan Park. The road network and supporting facilities for the administrative center are estimated to require 55 million yuan.

Wenlan Park features mountains, water, and a diverse array of plants that showcase beauty throughout the four seasons. One of the most unforgettable sights occurs in late autumn to early winter, when vibrant colors blanket the landscape.

Location

• Province: Yunnan (云南省)
• City: Mengzi City (蒙自市)

Opening Hours

• Open: All day

Admission

• Ticket: Free

How to Get There

Buses to Mengzi City are available from the South Kunming Passenger Station (昆明南部客运站) and various counties in Honghe Prefecture (红河州). Once in Mengzi City, you can walk to Wenlan Park.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: Anytime, but the park is especially beautiful in spring and autumn.
• What to Bring: Comfortable shoes, a camera for capturing the scenery, and a picnic blanket if you plan to relax in the park.
• Activities: Participate in cultural events and performances, and take advantage of the playgrounds and fitness trails.

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Winter Cherry Blossoms at Wenlan Park (文澜公园)

Wenlan Park in Mengzi City is a picturesque location, especially when the winter cherry blossoms (冬樱花) bloom. Here’s an ultra-detailed guide for your visit!

Location

• Name: Wenlan Park (文澜公园)
• Address: Intersection of Tianma Road (天马路) and Shanghai Road (上海路), Mengzi City, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture (红河哈尼族彝族自治州), Yunnan Province (云南省), across from China Petroleum (中国石化).

Opening Hours

• Open: All day, allowing you to experience the beauty of nature at any time.

Transportation

• Public Transport: Take Bus 13 (蒙自13路) or Bus 20 (蒙自20路) and get off at the Government Affairs Hall Station (市政务大厅站). From there, it’s a short walk to this sea of flowers.

Highlights

During the winter cherry blossom season, Wenlan Park transforms into a stunning landscape that is perfect for sightseeing. Here, you can take countless photos to capture beautiful moments. This location is also ideal for relaxing and escaping the hustle and bustle of daily life, allowing you to enjoy a moment of peace and comfort amidst nature.