Most of people have been to Ancient Town of Lijiang(丽江古城), however they maybe unclear the differences and connections of Ancient Lijiang and old town of Lijiang City（丽江古城区）. old town of Lijiang City is one district belongs to Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, and it administers 4 streets, 4 countries, 1 town, namely totally 18 communities, 35 villages.

Ancient Lijiang has won the titles of one of the most desirable ten Chinese small cities, one of the 100 most interesting cities on the planet, the most favorite tourist city for Europeans, and Chinese excellent tourist city.

Such a good place had better visit further attentively. We are supposed to take each ancient village of old town of Lijiang City as roads map and walk around. The Chinese country has published three batches of Chinese traditional villages. There are 502 Yunnan villages listed in the national traditional villages list. Yunnan ranks first in the whole country, while among these 502 villages, there are 48 ancient Liliang villages, and there are 16 villages come from old town of Lijiang City. For knowing these ancient villages better, Yunnan Exploration specially edits and compiles the main tourist attractions and highlights of these ancient villages, and provides reference for you as private customized further tourism planning strategy.

Qihe Town(七河镇)，old town of Lijiang City, 7 ancient villages included.

1.Jin’an Village(金安村)

Jin’an Village is a natural village affiliated to the Yangjian Administrative Village(羊见行政村), Qihe Town（七河镇）, ancient downtown of Lijiang City. From the south to the north, the ancient Jin’an village is covered by the hundred-year ancient canals and the main roads which connect to each farmer’s. Take full use of the ditches on both sides of the roads, plenty of rains fall down and drain to Jinsha River(金沙江). The village is clean and hygienic, and there are green trees and red flowers set the farmhouses off. Rippling rivers, singing birds and the landscape garden villages are integrated perfectly.

How to go to Jinan Village by Self-help in-depth Tour

Jin’an Village is a village affiliated to the Yangjian Administrative Village, Qihe Town, the old town of Lijiang City. It is 2 km away from Yangjian Administrative Village and 25 km away from the government of Qihe Town.

2、Xinminxia Village(新民下村)

Xinmin Down Village is a natural village affiliated to Xinmin Village Committee(新民居委会) of Qihe Town. It has the longest history and the most profound cultural heritage. The beautiful village is located at the foot of lofty Xishan Mountain（西山） and on the side of Yigong River(漾弓江). Xinmin Down Village used to be called as “Duoruoke” (垛若科) by the Lijiang Naxi ethnic people since there was a ramp at the south of the village. The ramp was the first ramp when Caravan walked along Tea-horse Ancient Route from Nanzhao(南诏) to Lijiang. Consequently it was also called “Lishou Village”(丽首村) by the Bai ethnic people of Dali.

How to go to Xinmin Down Village:

Xinmin Dow Village is affiliated to Qihe Town, the old town of Lijiang City, and is 17 km away from Lijiang City.

3、Nanxi Village(南溪村)

Nanxi Village is a natural village affiliated to the Gonghe Village Committee(共和村委会) of Qihe Town, the old town of Lijiang City. It is an ancient village that inherits Dongba Culture(东巴文化). Nanxi Village is located in an alpine flat dam at the top of Wenbi Peak（文笔峰） in Huangshan Town（黄山镇）, Lijiang City. It is 3200 meters above sea level and has the highest altitude and the most unique location of Naxi village in Lijiang. Like Wenhai(文海), every late spring, when the wildflowers are full of hillsides, the colorful florets are entirely blooming and on the alpine meadows. The view is just like beautiful brocade, even if it is not the most gorgeous, people’s hearts are very intoxicated.

How to get to Nanxi Village

Nanxi Village is located in the northwest of Qihe Town, 24 kilometers away from Lijiang City. Cycling or chartered is recommended.

4、Donguan Village(东关村)

Dongguan Village is a natural village affiliated to the Gonghe Village Committee of Qihe Town. It is located at downslope of the first gate of Lijiang Three-Gates, namely the Yulong Gate(玉龙关) which is a Naxi ethnic inhabited village and is adjacent to Guanyin Gorge（观音峡） which is a famous scenic spot in Lijiang. When we mention Dongguan Village characteristic tourism, we must talk about twenty-four filial pieties culture in Dongguan Village: Dutiful Offspring Temple（孝子庙） is located in Dongguan Village, and the temple was built in the spring of the 14th year of Emperor Guangxu (that is, in 1887). The temple’s doors and windows take 24 filial pieties as themes and the craftsmanship are very meticulous and beautiful, fully demonstrate the traditional virtues of Chinese millenniums civilization.

How to go to Dongguan Village:

Dongguan Village is 17 kilometers away from the ancient downtown of Lijiang City and 6 kilometers away from Lijiang Airport.

5、Zhongpai Village(中排村)

Zhongpai Village is a natural village affiliated to Wufeng Village Committee(五峰村委会) of Qihe Town, the old town of Lijiang City. In Zhongpai Village, new farmhouses could be seen everywhere. And in every courtyard of each household, you can see the distinctive Bai ethnic architectural elements. Besides, there is tradition of going to the temple fair on 3rd March. On 3rd March of the lunar calendar every year, the Bai ethnic people from Lijiang and Heqing(鹤庆) must go to mountain temple and take part in the temple fair. How bustling the spectacle is!

How to go to Zhongfeng Village, Wufeng Village:

Wufeng Village is 15 kilometers away from the government of Qihe Town. The road is a cement road which is convenient transportation.

6、Xinmin Shangcun Village(新民上村)

Xinmin Upper Village is a natural village affiliated to Xinmin Village Committee（新民村委会）. Ancient roads, ancient trees and ancient temples are three treasures of Xinmin Upper Village. There are more than 200 ancient trees around this village, and the age of the trees is more than two or three hundred years old. The old temple in the middle of the village is named “Kuixing Pavilion”(魁星阁)。 It was built in Daoguang Bingwu, namely 1864 year. Nowadays, this ancient temple has become a place of social activities for the local elderly. In Xinmin Upper Village, there are many historical sites such as the Temple of Heaven(天堂庙) on the Jiutai Mountain(九台山) and the White Pagoda (白塔).

How to travel in Xinmin Upper Village:

Xinmin Upper Village is located in Xinmin New Village, Qihe Town, the old town of Lijiang City. It is 0.9 km away from the village committee and 5 km away from Qihe Town. It is only half an hour’s drive from Lijiang to the Xinmin Upper Village, and we can take a bus.

7、Gonghexiguan Village (共和西关村)

Gonghexiguan Village is in Qihe County, the old town of Lijiang City, Yunnan Province. It was included in the list of traditional Chinese villages in 2012. Xiguan Village is located at the Yulong Gate(玉龙关) of the Three Major Gates of Lijiang Dam. It is the only gateway and military fortress for the tea-horse ancient road from Lijiang to Tibet. Lijiang Chieftain Lord Mu had built custom and barrack here. On January 25, 1639 A.D., Xu Xiake(徐霞客), the great traveler of China, entered the custom of Gongheiiguan Village with the invitation of Chieftain Lord Mu. Xu wrote and left the extravagant praise “Beautiful gorge is covered by bend water and fields”（ 坞盘水曲，田畴环焉）. Guanyin Gorge（观音峡） is the first key of Lijiang, so it is called “the first scene of Lijiang.”

How to go to the Xiguan Village by self- tour in the old town of Lijiang City:

Gonghe Xiguan Village is located in Qihe Town, the old town of Lijiang City, Yunnan Province. It is just in the north of Qihe Town and only 17 kilometers away from Lijiang City.

Suhe Street(束河街道), the old town of Lijiang City (3 ancient villages included)

8、Longquan Village(龙泉村)

Longquan Village is an administrative village of Shuhe Street in the old town of Lijiang. Longquan Village is located at the core of Lijiang Scenic Areas. It is the pivot point for visiting the scenic spots of old town of Lijiang, Yulong Snow Mountain(玉龙雪山), Lugu Lake(泸沽湖), First Bay of Yangtze River(长江第一湾)and Three Parallel Rivers(三江并流). The ancient town is surrounded by mountains and rivers, and the houses are well-proportioned and facing the country lanes. Look down at Yulong Mountain from the north, and look up Xiang Mountian and Wenbi(文笔) from the southeast, the four seasons’ sceneries are changing and mysterious.

Longquan Village is the earliest settlement of the Naxi ancestors and the birthplace of Chieftain Lord Mu. It is an important station of the tea-horse ancient road in history. It completely preserves Caravan Culture(茶马文华), Cultivation Culture（农耕文化）, Naxi Culture （纳西文化）and Ecological Culture（生态文化）. It is known as the “Hidden Paradise at the down Sown Mountain”, “Mysterious Naxi Ancient Village” and “The Hometown of the Millennium Springs”. The natural scenery, folk customs, historical sites and multicultural landscapes, all these are the complement and extension of the old town of Lijiang.

How to go to Longquan Village:

Longquan Village is located at northwest of old town of Lijiang, namely 4 kilometers away from of old town of Lijiang, and is the core of Shuhe Ancient Town.

9、Zhongxin Village(忠信村)

Zhongxin Village is a natural village affiliated to the Huangshan Community(黄山社区) of Shuhe Street. It is located at the foot of Xishan Mountain in Lijiang. The first sunshine of the Lijiang dam is sprinkled on the Naxi village which is backed by the green hills, facing the green mountains and full of green trees’ shade. The reason that Zhongxin Village is a traditional Chinese village is for the completely preserved Naxi residential buildings which stem from Qing Dynasty. Such as the green tiles and white walls, the three squares and one wall, the four-in-five patio, and the residential buildings that entering one door through two courtyards can be seen everywhere.

How to go to the traditional village, Zhongxin Village:

Zhongxin Village is located in the west of Shuhe Street, and is 2 km away from the Committee and 4 km away from Shuhe Subdistrict Office.

10、Puji Village(普济村)

Puji Village is a natural village affiliated to the Zhongji Community(中济社区) of Shuhe Street in the Old Town of Lijiang. Puji Village, Shuhe Ancient Town, Lijiang, is a Naxi village with intact forest covered. At the behind of Puji Mountain, there is full of pear trees. Every time when the pear trees bloom, the entire Puji Village is surrounded by white pear flowers. Besides, there are also plum blossoms and catalpa flowers. The scenery is very beautiful throughout the year.

How to travel to Puji Village

Puji Village is 1 km away from Zhongji Community Committee(中济社区居委会) and 2.50 km from Shuhe Street (Shuhe Ancient Town束河古镇). It takes 20-minute drive from the old town of Lijiang to Puji Village.

Jinshan County, the old town of Lijiang(3 ancient villages)

11 Guifeng Village(贵峰村)

Guifeng Village is located in the south of Lijiang Dongbazi(东坝子), east side is Qingshan（青山）, west side is Yugong River(漾弓江), and north side is connected to Liangmei(良美). The beauty of Guifeng Village is from the connection from mountains and rivers. Lijiang Guifeng Village is known as the “Little Yanan” (小延安)of Lijiang. The “Kainan Institute”（开南研习所）, a revolutionary site in Guifeng Village, has been included in the revolutionary traditional education base and the youth patriotism education base in Yunnan Province. Guifeng Community is one of the birthplaces of the Naxi Dongba Culture. The Naxi Cultural Training Hall, the Naxi Ancient Music Exercise, the Dongba Culture Heritage, and the folk songs and dances are still the main activities of the villagers.

How to go to Guifeng Village, Lijiang

Lijiang Guifeng Village is located in Jinshan County, the old town of Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, and it is 1.5 km away from Guifeng Village Committee and 12 km from Jinshan County. The transportation is very convenient.

12、Yangxi Village(漾西村)

The Yangxi Community is the southern gate of Lijiang. It is dominated by the Naxi people and has some ethnic groups such as Han, Bai, Tibetan and Yi Ethnics. Yangxi Village is backed by the Snake Mountain(蛇山), and the Gongjiang River（漾弓江） runs through the north to south, forms a unique natural scenery. The sedimentary history and culture make Yangxi more attractive: such as the discovered 100 thousand years long and rebuilt “Lijiang People’s Site” museum, and the national key cultural relics protection unit of the Ming Dynasty’s Chieftain Lord Mu Teach Offspring, still well preserved Wande Palace(万德宫). At same time, here is the first village of the Red Army’s long march when army went through Lijiang.

How to go to Yangxi Village, Lijiang by self- tour:

Yangxi Village is affiliated to Jinshan Bai Ethnic County, the old town of Lijiang City, Yunnan Province. It is located in the southeast of Jinshan Bai Ethnic County. It is 4 kilometers away from the Government of Jinshan County. It is a cement road which is convenient. It is 5 kilometers away from the old town of Lijiang City.

13、 Qilinang Village(启良村)

Qiliang Village is a natural village affiliated to Liangmei Village Committee(良美村委会) of Jinshan County, the old town of Lijiang City. The layout of Qiliang Village is not laid in line, but laid in the trends of mountains. The houses are naturally distributed, and the households are separated by green trees. The villages, landscapes, trees, fields and people are integrated perfectly. Qiliang Village has “six ancients”: ancient mines, ancient kiln, ancient temples, ancient roads, ancient wells, and ancient monuments. Today’s Qiliang has become idyllic beautiful scenery, and there are still old broken tiles and bricks aside the fields and among the ditches.

How to go to Qiliang Village

Qiliang Village is 1 km away from the committee and 5 km away from the Government of Jinshan County.

Cultural Street of the old town of Lijiang City(丽江古城区文化街道)

14、Xiangyang Village(向阳村)

Xiangyang Village is a natural village affiliated to the Dongjiang Committee (东江居委会)of Cultural Street. Xiangyang Village is 2.59 square kilometers mountainous area with altitude of 1960 meters. The annual average temperature is 14 °C. The whole village administers a villager group with 39 households and 163 rural populations.

Xiangyang Village is 4 km away from Dongjiang Committee and 20 km away from Cultural Street.

Jinan Town, the old town of Lijiang City(丽江古城区金安镇)

Wubaili Village(五坝里村)

Wubali Village is a natural village affiliated to the Yixin Village Committee (义新村委会) of Jin’an Town, the old town of Lijiang City. Xi, Bai, Han, and Dai ethnic groups live together in this ancient village. There are tea-horse ancient roads sites in the village. In history, it has played a role in national fusion and integration. In the dense forests and woods, it is still faintly visible that the horses-walked roads and old lived-houses. On a small river called “Holy Drinking”(圣洁喝) that flows through the village, there is a stone arch bridge that is more than 610 years old. This stone arch bridge named “Golden Dragon Bridge”(金龙桥) is the essential part of tea-horse ancient roads.

How to go to Wubali Village Tourism:

Wubali Village is 7 kilometers away from Yixin Village Committee, and 17 kilometers away from the Government of Jinan Town, and 40 kilometers away from Lijiang City.

Dadong County, the old town of Lijiang City(丽江古城区大东乡)

Dadong Village(大东村)

Dadong Village is an administrative village in Dadong County. Dadong Village is located in the middle of Dadong County, the old town of Lijiang City. Dadong Village has rich and colorful folk culture, such as Dongba Culture, folk music and dance, special instrumental music, residential architecture, national costumes, food customs, traditional festivals, traditional crafts and numerous national folktales. Among them, the unique “Hot Beauty”(热美磋) music and dance has been included in the national intangible cultural heritage protection list.

How to go to Lijiang Dadong Village by self-driving tour:

Dadong Village is affiliated to Dadong County, the old town of Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, and is 68 kilometers away from Lijiang City.

Note: The number of traditional Chinese villages has reached 4,153. While the number of ancient villages in the “Chinese Traditional Villages List” in the old town of Lijiang City is 17 (the early 16 in the first to third batches and the seventeenth is added in from the fourth batch). Traditional Chinese villages, used to be known as ancient villages. Traditional villages contain rich historical information and cultural landscapes, which are the greatest legacy of Chinese farming civilization. Many ancient villages have become popular tourist attractions, the others are waiting to be protectively developed. Most importantly, the regrettable thing is that many local governments in China only care short-term GDP figures, and spend a lot of money to create fake local home stay, only make real treasures hidden in the mountains. Let us make the ancient villages travel prosperous, travel ancient villages and help the poor, what is really win-win situation.

Overview

The Peacock Garden of Colorful Yunnan (七彩云南孔雀园) in Kunming (昆明) is a year-round paradise where flowers bloom vibrantly, showcasing nature’s gifts as a “natural oxygen bar.” The garden is home to over 1,000 unique birds, including blue peacocks (蓝孔雀), green peacocks (绿孔雀), white peacocks (白孔雀), and peacock doves (孔雀鸽), making it the largest, most beautiful, and most enjoyable peacock ecological park in Kunming.

Flora and Fauna

The garden boasts more than 6,000 species of native Yunnan trees, over 10,000 tall trees, more than 120,000 shrubs, and over 1 million potted flowers, creating a rich tapestry of subtropical plant life. The Peacock Garden blends the charm of Xishuangbanna (西双版纳) culture with southern elegance, integrating natural scenery, garden art, and the free-range habitat of peacocks and other exotic birds.

Attractions

Peacock Garden serves as an expansive theme park that features a harmonious blend of landscape design with native Yunnan bird species such as peacocks and indigenous chickens (原鸡). It is also a shopping haven, filled with numerous specialty shops and local product stores, allowing visitors to enjoy both shopping and the graceful ambiance of the gardens. This location is a must-visit for most tourist groups.

Architectural Style

The architectural style of the garden reflects a hint of Thai design, surrounded by beautiful scenery, lush forests, delicate bamboo groves, and flowing streams. The entire peacock garden is built against the mountains and spans over 150 acres, making it the largest ecological peacock park in the country. In addition to the 1,000 free-range peacocks, the park features more than 6,000 precious native trees, pavilions, bridges, and serene landscapes.

Cultural Experience

The fun of Colorful Yunnan goes beyond shopping; it also lies in its rich ethnic architectural features. The stunning designs of the Dai (傣族) architecture with golden roofs, red tiles, and white walls, alongside the intricate Bai (白族) buildings with their unique features, create a distinct tourism characteristic. This beautiful reflection in the shimmering waters of the Colorful Fishing Fate (七彩渔缘) offers visitors a vivid display of ethnic charm and cultural traditions. Here, guests can not only explore the scenic area but also purchase satisfying products, making it a popular tourist destination.

Visitor Information

• Recommended Time to Visit: 1-3 hours
• Transportation: Take bus K48 and get off at Guolin Reservoir North Station (果林水库北站), then walk 280 meters to the park.
• Admission Fee: Free, included in the ticket for the Yunnan Ethnic Village (云南民族大观园).
• Opening Hours: 08:30-18:00 (January 1 – December 31, Monday to Sunday)
• Location: Within Colorful Yunnan, 12 kilometers from Anshi Highway, Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan Province (云南省昆明市呈贡区安石公路12公里处七彩云南内).

Overview

Haidong Wetland Park (海东湿地公园) is a beautifully designed wetland park located along the East Road surrounding Dianchi Lake (滇池) in Kunming (昆明). The park features diverse vegetation, a stunning environment, and pleasant scenery, making it a popular destination for local residents to relax during holidays.

Scenic Features

The park showcases beautiful landscapes that change with the seasons, offering unique characteristics throughout the year. Haidong Wetland Park is situated south of East Round Lake Road and north of Dianchi Lake, and it is one of the ecological parks around Dianchi Lake. Following restoration and renovation, the park integrates various functions such as the ecological protection of Dianchi Lake’s waters, wetland ecological research, popular science education, and experiential ecotourism. It has become a preferred location for sightseeing, leisure activities, and environmental education.

Location and Accessibility

Haidong Wetland Park is located in the Guandu District (官渡区) of Kunming, Yunnan Province (云南省昆明市官渡区环湖东路). The park is accessible year-round, open from 00:00 to 24:00, making it convenient for visitors at any time of day.

Public Transport

• Bus Stops: There are no bus stops within 1 kilometer of Haidong Wetland Park.
• Taxi Fare: The starting taxi fare in Kunming is 8 yuan, covering an initial distance of 3 kilometers. The fare is 1.8 yuan per kilometer thereafter, with an additional fuel surcharge of 2 yuan (not charged if the distance is within 3 kilometers).

Driving Directions

To visit Haidong Wetland Park by car, please enter your starting point to receive intelligent driving route suggestions.

Overview

Zhengyi Archway (正义坊) is located in the center of Kunming (昆明) on Zhengyi Road (正义路), situated in a prime commercial area of the city. The complex is divided into two main sections: the South Building (南馆) and the North Building (北馆). It features two underground levels and five above-ground levels. The B1 floor is known as Taobao Street (淘宝街), primarily selling clothing and various goods. The first floor mainly showcases branded apparel and jewelry, while the upper floors host clothing stores, a food street, and a cinema, creating a vibrant shopping and entertainment hub in the new Kunming.

Shopping Center Details

Zhengyi Archway is conveniently located near Jinma Biji Archway (金马碧鸡坊), marking it as a genuine city center destination. The shopping center itself, part of this golden business district, is a popular place filled with shopping malls, food streets, and cinemas, making it a new large-scale shopping and entertainment venue in Kunming. Visitors can also explore the nearby Kunming Old Street (昆明老街), which features some traditional shops.

Shopping Information

• Phone Number: 0871-68369369
• Description: The mall is built along Zhengyi Road, allowing customers to stroll from one end to the other. There are many clothing stores and restaurants, with frequent promotional activities. The open-air courtyard in the mall provides good ventilation and offers a pleasant view.

Address

100 Zhengyi Road, Wuhua District (五华区), Kunming City, Yunnan Province (云南省昆明市正义路100号).

Overview

Changchongshan Mountain Ecological Park (长虫山生态公园) is located at the intersection of Longquan Road (龙泉路) and the northern section of Panlong River (盘龙江) in Wuhua District (五华区), Kunming (昆明). Known also as Snake Mountain (蛇山), it features distinctive topographical characteristics that showcase a rugged individuality. The mountain is largely bare, with few trees, and is covered primarily with grass, alongside stones resembling sheep grazing leisurely under divine care. The arrangement of these stones creates a unique harmony within the natural landscape.

The park lies within the jurisdiction of Hongyun Street Office (红云街道办事处) and Shalang Township Government (沙朗乡政府), bordered by Longquan Road to the east and the northern section of Panlong River to the west, with the West Baisha Reservoir (西白沙河水库) nearby. It serves as another mountain retreat for panoramic views of Kunming city, following the West Mountain Park (西山公园), making it an excellent destination for fitness and outdoor activities. The mountain resembles a giant stone python resting in the northern suburbs of Kunming.

Outdoor Activities

Changchongshan Mountain is a paradise for outdoor enthusiasts, particularly for hiking and climbing, as it is situated far from the water surface of Dianchi Lake (滇池). The unique lava topography of the mountain attracts many mountaineers. On holidays, colorful camping tents dot the landscape, adding a charming touch to the scene. The steep cliffs on the western side of the mountain provide a spacious area suitable for paragliding activities. Due to the sparse tree coverage, the area offers wide views, making it ideal for various leisurely outdoor sports.

The most beautiful seasons to visit Changchongshan Mountain are spring and summer when the tender green grass and the scattered unique stones create a distinctive landscape.

Address

Panlong District (盘龙区), Kunming City (昆明市)

Type

Mountain

Recommended Visit Duration

1-2 hours

Opening Hours

Open all day

Admission Information

Free entry

Park Details

Changchongshan Mountain Ecological Park and the scenic forest area are situated along Longquan Road and the northern section of the Panlong River, adjacent to the West Baisha Reservoir. The ecological park spans 50 hectares, while the scenic forest covers 190 hectares.

Suggested Itinerary

One-Day Tour in Kunming: Explore Changchongshan Mountain Ecological Park and Kunming Animal Museum

During a one-day trip in Kunming, I planned to visit two must-see attractions: Changchongshan Mountain Ecological Park and the Kunming Animal Museum.

Morning: Changchongshan Mountain Ecological Park ?
Start your day at Changchongshan Mountain Ecological Park, known for its beautiful environment, perfect for hiking.
Tips:

• Admission: Free
• Suggested Duration: Spend around 3 hours enjoying the natural atmosphere.
• Highlights: The sunset view is captivating, and hiking is a great way to exercise while breathing in fresh air.

Afternoon: Kunming Animal Museum ?
After lunch, head to the Kunming Animal Museum, which features a rich collection of exhibits.
Tips:

• Suggested Duration: Allocate about 3 hours; it’s suitable for family visits.
• Highlights: The museum houses nearly 900,000 animal specimens, including dinosaur skeletons and an Asian elephant exhibition, ideal for expanding knowledge.
• Booking: Reservations can be made at the entrance for convenience.

Dining and Accommodation

Lunch: Dianxi Xiaoyuan
For lunch, I chose Dianxi Xiaoyuan, where the stewed chicken with papaya and the boiled carp with sour papaya were delicious and perfect for group dining.

Accommodation: Kunming Mohuage Hotel
I stayed at Kunming Mohuage Hotel, where the ancient-style decor and the ambiance added a unique experience.

Specialty Recommendations

• Kunming Pu’er Tea (昆明普洱茶): A unique large-leaf tea from Yunnan, known for its longevity and distinctive flavor.
• Yunnan Ma Duck (云南麻鸭): Renowned for its quality meat, suitable for various cooking methods.
• Shilin Ginseng Fruit (石林人参果): Known for its good taste and beautiful color, a purely natural specialty.

Chinese Name: 昆明西游洞
Location: 6 kilometers along Kunlu Highway, Kunming
Climate: Subtropical monsoon climate
Opening Hours: Year-round, 08:30 – 17:30
Ticket Prices: Adult ticket: 98 RMB
Official Phone Numbers: 0871-68400888, 0871-65895552
Famous Attractions: Xiyou Cave (西游洞), Water Curtain Cave (水帘洞), Guanyin Cave (观音洞), Qin Wang Palace (秦王宫)
Country: China
City: Kunming, Yunnan Province

Overview of Xiyou Cave Scenic Area

Xiyou Cave, a beautiful and magical karst geological cave, is a masterpiece of nature and a sparkling gem in Yunnan’s tourism circle. The scenic area includes three main attractions: Xiyou Cave, Water Curtain Cave, and Guanyin Cave.

Xiyou Cave, located halfway up the scenic area, extends over 2,000 meters. The marvels inside the cave can be described as unparalleled in the world, featuring stalactites, stone pillars, and gurgling springs, with colors ranging from golden to azure and transparent. Within the cave, one can find openings, and within these openings, the sky and springs await. The main attractions within Xiyou Cave include Fairy Cave (妖精洞), Divine Field (神田), East Sea Dragon Palace (东海龙宫), and Spider Cave (盘丝洞). The colorful reflections and dripping springs within the cave create a mesmerizing atmosphere. The various rock formations such as stone bamboos, stone pillars, and stone flowers showcase the remarkable craftsmanship of nature.

Water Curtain Cave lies at the base of the main peak, stretching over 800 meters, and is primarily composed of the Water Curtain Waterfall, Flower and Fruit Mountain (花果山), and the Heavenly River (通天河). The mother river of Spring City, the Shalang River, flows westward, its crystal-clear waters reflecting the sky like a mirror. Rare fish species like the “goldfish” swim in the river, making boat rides even more spectacular. Flower and Fruit Mountain, the home of the Monkey King, is another breathtaking sight. Water Curtain Cave is grand and profound.

Guanyin Cave is a sacred place for worship and honoring ancestors. The natural Guanyin statue, towering over 10 meters, appears to stand gracefully like a real person. With a history of a thousand years, the tales of Guanyin have been passed down through generations, etching her name into mythology. Behind Guanyin, 18 statues of Arhats stand vividly. The cave is filled with the presence of Buddhas, with radiant Buddhist light illuminating the surroundings, making one feel as if they have entered an otherworldly realm.

The magical and beautiful Xiyou Cave scenic area sincerely welcomes your visit.

Activities

5D High-altitude Glass Bridge
The 5D glass bridge in Xiyou Cave is 250 meters long and reaches a vertical height of 200 meters, renowned as “Yunnan’s first high-altitude 5D glass bridge.”

Jungle Rafting
Starting at the highest point of Xiyou Cave, the jungle rafting course extends approximately 1,500 meters with a drop of over 200 meters, featuring 16 sharp turns before reaching the endpoint.

Glass Time Tunnel
This glass tunnel connects the mountaintop to the foot of the mountain.

Qin Wang Palace
This newly added project invites visitors to journey through the Qin Dynasty with Sun Wukong (孙悟空).

Xiyou Flying Car
A new project at Xiyou Cave.

Yunnan’s First Slide – Alpine Slide
This is the first alpine slide introduced in Yunnan, resembling a silver snake coiling through the floral and wooded landscapes of Xiyou Cave, serving as both a transportation means for visitors and a beautiful scenic feature.

Aerial Entertainment
This includes a series of activities involving aerial cable bridges, suspension bridges, and Myanmar-style bridges, designed to test participants’ psychological resilience and physical balance.

Water Amusement Park
A paradise for children, the water amusement park offers thrilling experiences with various attractions such as plum blossom stakes, iron cable bridges, water escape routes, and water swings.

Ghost Country Heavenly Palace
Prepare for thrills and chills in this spine-tingling attraction!

Cliff Swing
Located on the edge of a cliff over 200 meters high, the swing offers an exhilarating experience.

Alpine Water Skiing
A brave challenge, allowing participants to experience rapid descents on flowing waters.

Super 9D
Experience super 9D, engaging all five senses—auditory, visual, olfactory, tactile, and kinetic—to create an immersive experience featuring storms, lightning, rain, impacts, and mist sprays.

Maze
Navigate through the winding, challenging paths to uncover the truth.

Transportation Information

Transportation Methods: You can take the C10 bus from Minshan Bus Station or Puji Junction in Kunming to Xiyou Cave. If driving, take Longquan Road, transfer to the North Third Ring Road, and go through Gangtou Mountain Tunnel and Puji Tunnel to reach Xiyou Cave.

Useful Information

Ticket Prices:

• Adult ticket: 98 RMB/person
• Student ticket (with student ID): 70 RMB/person
• Half-price (with senior or disability ID, for children 1.2-1.5 meters): 50 RMB/person
  These prices include access to Xiyou Cave, Water Curtain Cave, Guanyin Cave, Qin Wang Palace, Alpine Slide (one-time use), Water Amusement Park, Aerial Entertainment, Ghost Country Heavenly Palace, Maze, and more.

Opening Hours: Year-round, 08:30 – 17:30

Note: There are additional voluntary fee-based activities within the scenic area, such as boating, Super 9D, jungle rafting, high-altitude glass bridge, and time tunnel.

Related Events

On March 15, 2023, the CCTV 3.15 Gala exposed potential safety risks associated with the three-point safety harness of the high-altitude suspension bridge at Xiyou Cave.

Xishuangbanna has been reputed to be the Kingdom of rare animals, plants and fruit. This tour will bring you to lear more about plants and animals in the Botanical Garden; step into Local Ethnic Villages to meet the diverse ethnic cultures; visit the Puer Tea Culture Museum to know more about Puer Tea and the highlight of Mojiang County – the Sun square. Go and give yourself an unforgetable tour, now!

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Brief Itinerary

• Day 1: Jinghong Arrival
• Day 2: Jinghong – Menglun
• Day 3: Menglun
• Day 4: Menglun – Dai Ethnic Village
• Day 5: Dai Ethnic Village – Jinghong – Pu’er – Mojiang
• Day 6: Mojiang – Kunming
• Day 7: Departure from Kunming

Google Map

Detailed Itinerary

In the morning, drive to visit Puer Tea Culture Museum and Mohei ancient town. You can stroll on the Ancient Tea Horse Road and Wind-Rain Bridge in the Bixi Ancient Town. Have Simao specialty for lunch in a Hani ethnic village.
After lunch, drive to Mojiang County – the host city of the Internatianl Twins Festival. Have a 1.5-hour rest in the hotel after arrived at Mojiang County.

Then, drive to visit the Sun Square and have dinner in the park. You can also visit the twin well and explore the night sky there.

Recommended Hotels

Destination	5 Star	4 Star	3 Star	Hostels
Jinghong	Jinhong Qixi Hotel	Jinghong Ninty-Seven Daiyun Theme Hotel	Fanyin Shuyuan Hotel	Jinghong Daixiang Vocational Hotel
Menglun	Wanglian Hotel	/	/	/
Mojiang	/	Gemini Hotel	Mijng Qiyuan Minority Theme Hotel	/
Kunming	Sofitel Hotel	Wenhui Hotel	Jinhua Hotel	T&T Story Hotel

Service Included:

• Admission fees for all of the sightseeing spots listed in the itinerary;
• Meals as listed in the itinerary;
• Hotels as listed in the itinerary;
• Private English-speaking tour guide;
• Private vehicle for transfers & sightseeing with skilled driver;
• Service charge & government taxes;
• Luggage transfers between airports and hotels.

Service Excluded:

• Any arrival and departure international airfares or train tickets;
• Chinese visa fees;
• Excess baggage charged by Airlines;
• Single room supplement;
• Tips to guides and drivers;
• Personal expenses and gratuities to service staff;
• Personal travel accident insurance;
• All optional programs.

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Overview

The Songhuaba Dam Nature Reserve (松花坝自然保护区) is located in the northeastern part of Kunming (昆明), within the counties (districts) of Songming (嵩明) and Guandu (官渡) in Yunnan Province (云南省). The geographical coordinates are between 102°45′ to 102°59′ East and 25°08′ to 25°27′ North, covering a total area of 62,980 hectares. The reserve serves as a vital ecological zone, contributing significantly to the local environment and biodiversity.

Geographic Environment

The Songhuaba Dam Nature Reserve is situated in the northeastern area of Kunming, specifically in Songming and Guandu. The reserve encompasses a total area of 62,980 hectares. The Songhuaba Reservoir has a dam height of 47 meters and a total storage capacity of 6.8 million cubic meters. The annual regional runoff is approximately 210 million cubic meters in normal years. This area is recognized as the source of the Panlong River (盘龙江) and is part of the watershed for Dianchi Lake (滇池). The water source from Songhuaba is crucial for both agricultural and industrial production in Kunming, as well as for the daily lives of its residents. The reserve was established in 1981 as a provincial-level nature reserve.

Historical Background

The governance of Dianchi Lake saw significant contributions from Ertai (鄂尔泰), who served as the administrative head of Yunnan and Guizhou during the Yongzheng era of the Qing Dynasty (清朝). Between the seventh and tenth years of Yongzheng (1729–1732), the water system of Dianchi Lake underwent comprehensive management efforts. These included dredging six rivers that flow into Dianchi and constructing flood control gates. Huang Shijie (黄士杰), an official in charge of water conservancy, also authored “A Discussion of the Six Rivers in Yunnan Province” (《云南省六河图说》), summarizing the experiences and lessons learned from the management of the Dianchi water system.

The water conservancy project at Songhuaba has seen development throughout the Yuan (元), Ming (明), and Qing (清) dynasties, with multiple stages of construction of water diversion tunnels and irrigation systems along the banks of the Panlong and Jinzi Rivers (金汁河). The Songhuaba canal system connects with other river systems, such as Yinji (银汁), Baoxiang (宝象), Maliiao (马料), and Haiyuan (海源), collectively forming the water conservancy project system in the Dianchi region, referred to as the Six Rivers of Kunming (昆明六河水利).

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the floodgates were repaired and expanded, increasing the irrigated area significantly.

Location:

Zhenqingguan Taoist Temple (真庆观古建筑群) is located at the intersection of the southern section of White Pagoda Road (白塔路) and Tuodong Road (拓东路) in the center of Kunming (昆明市), Yunnan Province (云南省). Originally named Zhenwu Temple (真武祠), it was built during the Yuan Dynasty (元代) and dedicated to Zhenwu the Great (真武大帝) and the two generals, the Turtle and the Snake (龟蛇二将). In the Ming Dynasty (明代), disciples of Liu Yuanran (刘渊然), specifically Jiang Rihe (蒋日和), oversaw the reconstruction and expansion. In the first year of Hongxi (洪熙元年, 1425), it was officially named Zhenqingguan by Emperor Ren of the Ming Dynasty (明仁宗). Historically, the temple occupied an area of 40,000 square meters; however, due to urban development, its area has been reduced to 16,000 square meters.

The Zhenqingguan complex consists of several key structures, including Zhenqingguan itself (which encompasses the Front Hall (前殿), Ziwei Hall (紫薇殿), and Laojun Hall (老君殿)), as well as Du Lei Palace (都雷府) and Yanlong Shrine (盐隆祠). It is the largest ancient architectural complex in the central area of Kunming, preserving the architectural styles of the Ming and Qing dynasties (明、清) with remarkable completeness. The historical and artistic values of the Zhenqingguan complex are significant for the study of ancient architecture, art, religion, and cultural exchanges between Yunnan and the Central Plains.

On May 25, 2006, the Zhenqingguan complex was designated as a national key cultural relic protection unit by the State Council of the People’s Republic of China.

Historical Development

Zhenqingguan was established during the Yuan Dynasty and originally named Zhenwu Temple, dedicated to Zhenwu the Great and the two generals, the Turtle and the Snake. In the Ming Dynasty, Daoist priest Liu Yuanran (刘渊然), also known as Changchun Zhenren (长春真人), reformed and expanded the temple with Jiang Rihe at the helm. In 1425, it was named Zhenqingguan by order of Emperor Ren of the Ming Dynasty. During the Qing Dynasty, Du Lei Palace was added, dedicated to the God of Thunder. In 1881, local salt merchants funded the construction of Yanlong Shrine as a guild for salt traders. Historically, the site spanned 40,000 square meters but now covers 16,000 square meters.

In 1984, the Kunming city and Panlong District governments allocated funds to restore the main building, Ziwei Hall, to its Ming architectural style. Just before the 1999 Kunming International Horticultural Exposition, the government provided additional funds to renovate Ziwei Hall.

Architectural Layout

The Zhenqingguan complex comprises Zhenqingguan (including the Front Hall, Ziwei Hall, and Laojun Hall), Du Lei Palace, and Yanlong Shrine, making it the most extensive ancient architectural site in Kunming’s central area, preserving the official architectural styles from the Ming and Qing dynasties.

The main structure of Zhenqingguan faces south and is aligned on the same axis. The entrance features a mountain gate (山门) measuring 12 meters wide, with soaring eaves that exhibit ancient elegance. Inside, two large red-painted doors lead to the Front Hall courtyard, filled with flowers and trees. Corridors on both sides connect the Front Hall to Ziwei Hall. The grand Ziwei Hall occupies an area of 320 square meters, constructed with a wooden frame and a single-eaved roof. The hall is topped with yellow glazed tiles and features decorative ridge beasts. The interior boasts robust, widely spaced dougong brackets, and the ceiling showcases intricate wooden carvings. The doors are adorned with detailed carvings depicting auspicious symbols such as dragons and phoenixes, and scenes of longevity.

In addition to the Front Hall, Ziwei Hall, and Laojun Hall, the complex also includes Yanlong Shrine, Du Lei Palace, the Fire God Temple (火神庙), the Earth God Temple (土主庙), and an ancient opera stage (古戏台).

Main Structures

Zhenqingguan

The central ceiling of Ziwei Hall features a nine-palace, eight-trigram design, and the unique dougong brackets are a rarity in all of Yunnan. The restored hall is vividly painted in its original colors, and the glazed tiles have been restored to their former glory. The hall, a wooden structure, has a single-eaved roof, topped with a decorative pinnacle, with ridge beasts embellishing the sides. The interior features decorative brackets, with colorful designs, while the doors bear intricately carved auspicious motifs.

The ancient opera stage at Zhenqingguan, built around the Ming-Qing transitional period, is more spacious and grand than those in rural areas. The roof is designed with a four-pitched, five-ridge structure, presenting a dignified and exquisite atmosphere. This stage has hosted various performances, including Yunnan opera, lantern shows, and Dongjing music concerts.

Du Lei Palace

Located to the east of Ziwei Hall, Du Lei Palace features an entrance with a single signboard. The corners are elegantly curved, supported by dougong brackets, and the front board reads “Du Lei Palace,” with the back reading “Wangu Shenfeng.” Inside, there is a pavilion named “Qingfeng Pavilion,” with flying eaves and intricate carvings, while behind it lies the “Thunder God Chamber.” The chamber has three openings, faces west, and is surrounded by a stone railing. A historic well, known as the Bagua Well (八卦井), is located nearby, providing sweet water.

Yanlong Shrine

To the north of Du Lei Palace lies Yanlong Shrine, established in 1881 by Yunnan salt merchants. The shrine is composed of a stage, a central hall, and a main hall. The main hall has a high, steep roof with three openings and a deep hall, featuring a corridor with carvings depicting the Twenty-Four Filial Exemplars. The intricate stone carvings are vividly lifelike.

Cultural and Historical Significance

The Zhenqingguan complex encompasses buildings from the early, mid, and late periods of the Ming and Qing dynasties, serving as a physical testament to the history of architectural development in Yunnan, as well as the evolution of religious culture and the arts. Its preservation and research value is high. The architectural features of the complex, with exquisitely detailed components and well-preserved decorative paintings, illustrate the local artistic style and craftsmanship.

The nine-palace, eight-trigram design of the ceiling in Ziwei Hall is unique to Yunnan and is also rare nationwide. Both Du Lei Palace and Yanlong Shrine exhibit unique characteristics, with stone and wood carvings showcasing exquisite craftsmanship. The Zhenqingguan complex holds significant historical and artistic value in the study of ancient architecture, art, religion, and cultural exchanges between Yunnan and the Central Plains.

Protection Measures

Cultural Heritage Protection

In 1983, the Zhenqingguan complex was designated a Kunming municipal cultural heritage protection unit. In 1998, it was upgraded to a provincial-level protection unit. On May 25, 2006, it was listed as the sixth batch of national key cultural relic protection units by the State Council of the People’s Republic of China.

Conservation and Development

Today, Zhenqing Cultural Square combines culture, architecture, greenery, and leisure tourism, becoming a new highlight in Kunming and a popular destination for residents. The five main buildings of Zhenqingguan will host various cultural activities, showcasing Yunnan handicrafts such as wood carving, bronze, tin, and purple clay, establishing it as the largest center for displaying and auctioning antiques in Yunnan.

Tourism Information

Location

Zhenqingguan is located at the intersection of the southern section of White Pagoda Road and Tuodong Road in the center of Kunming, Yunnan Province.

Zhenqingguan Details
Address: 82 Tuodong Road, Panlong District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.

Transportation Information

Visitors can take the Kunming Bus A2 route to reach the Zhenqingguan complex, disembarking at the Mid-section of Tuodong Road.

http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_65ac3c910102x5eh.html

The Tomb of Ma Hazhi (马哈只墓碑) is located in Zheng He Park (郑和公园) in Kunyang Town (昆阳镇), Jinning District (晋宁县), Kunming (昆明), Yunnan Province (云南省), China. It is a historical site from the Ming Dynasty (明朝).

Overview of the Tomb

The Tomb of Ma Hazhi consists of four main parts:

1. The first section features the national key cultural relic protection unit “Tombstone of Ma Hazhi” (马哈只墓碑) on the right side of the tombstone.
2. The second section includes the inscription of Ma Hazhi’s tomb. Due to significant damage to the tombstone, the Jinning County government placed a glass protective cover around the Ma Hazhi tombstone to preserve it. Inside this glass cover, there are three engraved stones.
3. The third section is the tomb of Ma Hazhi.
4. The fourth section consists of four engraved stones.

The inscription on the tombstone, established on the Dragon Boat Festival (端阳日) in the third year of the Yongle era (永乐) in 1405, outlines the life and achievements of Ma Hazhi, father of Zheng He (郑和). It records his birthplace, personal character, and contributions, detailing his relationship to Kunyang and praising his virtue in serving the people. The discovery of the tomb clarified significant details regarding Zheng He’s origins and family background, making the tomb inscription an important historical document for researching Zheng He.

In May 2006, the Tomb of Ma Hazhi was officially listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit by the State Council of the People’s Republic of China.

Geographical Location

• Location: Zheng He Park (郑和公园) in Kunyang Town (昆阳镇), Jinning District (晋宁县), Kunming (昆明), Yunnan Province (云南省)
• Historical Period: Ming Dynasty (明朝)
• Protection Level: Listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit (第六批全国重点文物保护单位)
• Number: 6-863-4-053
• Approval Authority: State Council of the People’s Republic of China (中华人民共和国国务院)

Historical Background

The Tomb of Ma Hazhi was established on the Dragon Boat Festival (端阳日) in the third year of the Yongle era (永乐) in 1405. Zheng He returned to his hometown for ceremonial worship in the ninth year of Yongle (1411). During the Republic of China (民国) period, in the winter of 1924, the tomb was partially preserved with a memorial pavilion built by the descendants of the Mongolian prince from the Yuan Dynasty (元朝), Pu Huai Ya Lan Li Bo.

In 1935, Kunyang’s governor Yang Lisheng recognized the significance of the tombstone and funded the construction of a pavilion. He also erected two stones beside it: one inscribed with the tomb’s history and the other containing the biography of Zheng He from the “History of the Ming Dynasty” (明史). However, this pavilion suffered damage shortly thereafter. In 1944, local authorities rebuilt the pavilion, adding inscriptions by Mr. Yuan Jiagu and the “Tianfei Ling Ying Stele” (天妃灵应碑).

Renovations took place in 1958, with guardrails added in 1978, and further funding from the Yunnan Provincial Cultural Bureau for repairs in 1990. In 2005, to commemorate the 600th anniversary of Zheng He’s voyages to the West, the tombstone underwent another restoration.

Architectural Layout

The tomb of Ma Hazhi is located in Zheng He’s homeland, within Zheng He Park (郑和公园) in Jinning County (晋宁县), Yunnan Province (云南省). The entire tomb complex is divided into four sections:

1. The first section includes the nationally recognized “Tombstone of Ma Hazhi” on the right side and a stone detailing the tomb’s overview on the left.
2. The second section is the inscription of Ma Hazhi’s tomb. Due to severe damage, the Jinning County government placed a glass protective cover over the tombstone. Within the cover, there are three stones: the left stone contains the inscription by Xia Guangnan of Huize (会泽夏光南) on the tomb, while the right stone features the entry from “The History of the Ming Dynasty” about Zheng He.
3. The third section contains the tomb itself. Islamic burial customs require earth burials, which align with the belief that the first man, Adam, was created from soil. Therefore, the Islamic tombs are typically rectangular with flat tops, contrasting with the circular mounds used by the Han Chinese. There are six engraved stones on either side of the tomb, commemorating various figures and events.
4. The fourth section consists of four engraved stones, including a reproduction of the “Inscription of Ma Hazhi’s Tomb” and records of the tomb’s reconstruction.

Cultural Relics

The tomb features three preserved stones, with the central stone displaying the inscription “Inscription of the Tomb of Ma Hazhi” (故马公墓志铭) in seal script. The stone’s top is semi-circular, surrounded by decorative floral patterns, and rests on a large stone turtle. The inscription records the details of Zheng He’s visit in the ninth year of Yongle.

Full Text of the “Inscription of the Tomb of Ma Hazhi”

公字哈只，姓马氏，世为云南昆阳州人。祖拜颜，妣马氏。父哈只，母温氏。公生而魁岸奇伟，风裁凛凛可畏，不肯枉己附人，人有过，辄面斥无隐。性尤好善，遇贫困及鳏寡无依者，恒保护赒给，未尝有倦容。以故乡党靡不称公为长者。娶温氏，有妇德。子男二人，长文铭，次和；女四人。和自幼有材志，事今天子，赐姓郑，为内官监太监。公勤明敏，谦恭谨密，不避劳勋，缙绅咸称誉焉。呜呼，观其子而公之积累于平日，与义方之训可见矣。公生于甲申年十二月初九日，卒于洪武壬戌七月初三日，享年三十九岁。长子文铭奉柩安厝于宝山乡和代村之原，礼也。铭曰：身处乎边陲，而服礼义之习；分安乎民庶，而存惠泽之施，宜其余庆深长，而有子光显于当时也。时永乐三年端阳日，资善大夫礼部尚书兼左春坊大学士李至刚撰。

The “Inscription of the Tomb of Ma Hazhi” was buried during the wars of the Qing Dynasty (清朝) and was later discovered and published by Mr. Yuan Jiagu. The inscription chronicles the life of Zheng He’s father, Ma Hazhi, detailing his birthplace, character, and contributions.

Location:

The Anning Confucius Temple (安宁文庙), located within the Museum of Anning Town, Anning City, Kunming, Yunnan Province, was first established in the sixth year of the Dade era (大德) during the reign of Emperor Chengzong of the Yuan Dynasty (元成宗) in 1302. The temple covers an area of 4,500 square meters.

Architectural Scale and Layout

The Anning Confucius Temple boasts a grand scale with various architectural components including the Civilization Archway (文明坊), Screen Wall (照壁), Pond (泮池), Golden Sound and Jade Vibration Archway (金声玉振坊), Lingxing Gate (棂星门), Dacheng Gate (大成门), Dacheng Hall (大成殿), Chongsheng Shrine (崇圣祠), two courtyards (东西两院), the Academy Gate (黉门), and the Shrine of Local Worthies (乡贤祠). In total, there are 22 buildings in the seven courtyards and six halls layout. However, most of the original structures have been lost over time, with only the main buildings, Dacheng Hall and Chongsheng Shrine, remaining intact.

On May 25, 2006, the Anning Confucius Temple was officially listed as a National Key Cultural Relic Protection Unit by the State Council of the People’s Republic of China.

Location

• Geographical Location: Museum of Anning Town, Anning City, Kunming, Yunnan Province
• Established: Sixth year of the Dade era (大德), 1302
• Area: 4,500 m²
• Protection Level: Sixth batch of National Key Cultural Relic Protection Units
• Code: 6-0746-3-449
• Approval Unit: State Council of the People’s Republic of China

Historical Development

The Anning Confucius Temple was first built in the sixth year of the Dade era (1302) and was destroyed during the military conflicts in the first year of the Tianli era (天历) in the Ming Dynasty (明宗) in 1329. It was rebuilt in the third year of the Yuan Dynasty (元) in 1337, overseen by General Xuanwei and the governor of Zhongqing Road. According to local chronicles, it underwent several reconstructions and expansions in the Yongle era (永乐) of the Ming Dynasty in 1403, the Xuan De era (宣德) in 1427, the Tian Shun era (天顺) in 1457, the Chongzhen era (崇祯) in 1629, and the 55th year of the Kangxi era (康熙) in 1716.

Architectural Features

The architectural area of the Anning Confucius Temple is 4,500 square meters. It features a grand design with a total of 22 structures, including the aforementioned components. Most of the original buildings have been lost, with only the primary structures, Dacheng Hall and Chongsheng Shrine, still standing.

Dacheng Hall

Dacheng Hall is oriented north to south and features a beam-column structure. It has five bays (16.6 meters wide) and three depths, with a front and rear corridor (14 meters). The hall features a single-eaved, nine-ridge hip roof that rises to a height of 10 meters, with eaves edged in glazed tiles. The interior adopts a method of reducing and shifting columns to maximize space. The essence of this architectural design, as detailed by Wang Haitao, the former director of the Kunming Museum in his book “Cultural Relics and Historical Sites in Kunming,” lies in the thick, open bracketing system, with two brackets in the central bay, one in the adjacent bay, and none in the slightly recessed bay. The front eaves bracketing features double-down angled five-purlin bracket sets, while the inner brackets are structured in a complex manner. Noted Chinese architectural historian Liu Dunzhen in “Overview of Ancient Architecture in Southwest China” recognizes the Dacheng Hall’s bracketing style as following the Song and Yuan architectural regulations.

Chongsheng Shrine

Located 13.7 meters north of Dacheng Hall, Chongsheng Shrine was constructed in the first year of the Yongzheng era (雍正) in the Qing Dynasty (清) in 1723. It features a beam-column structure, with five bays (16.12 meters wide) and a front corridor. Both the central and two adjacent bays have lattice doors, and it is topped with a single-eaved hard mountain roof.

Cultural Relics

The Anning Confucius Temple currently preserves more than ten steles from the Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties. Among these, the Yuan steles include the “Imperial Edict Stele” (圣旨碑) and the “Stele of the Reconstruction of Anning Confucius Temple” (重修安宁文庙记碑). The Ming steles include the “Imperially Inscribed Analects Stele” (御制儒学箴碑), “Stele of the Reconstruction of Minglun Hall” (重修明伦堂记), “Stele of the Reconstruction of the Scripture Pavilion” (重修尊经阁记), “Stele of Reflection” (去思碑记), “Stele of the Imperial Examination Name” (科举题名碑), and others. The Qing Dynasty stele includes the “Zhang Gong De Teaching Stele” (张公德教碑记). In front of Dacheng Hall, there are also two stone lions, originally positioned on both sides of the east gate of Yaocen Tower. After the Yaocen Tower was burned in a fire in 1985, the stone lions were relocated to their current site. These stone lions, carved from red sandstone, are 2 meters tall and 2 meters long. The male lion holds a pearl in its mouth, while the female lion is silent and protects a small lion with its front paw.

Historical and Cultural Significance

The brackets on both the interior and exterior of the Anning Confucius Temple represent the essence of the main hall’s architecture. The exterior brackets were renovated during the Kangxi era, exhibiting some characteristics of the Qing Dynasty. However, overall, the bracketing is robust and imposing. The central bay has two brackets, while the adjacent bay has one, with none in the slightly recessed bay. The front eaves brackets are structured in double-down angled five-purlin sets, while the inner brackets uniformly follow the three-bay, six-purlin style. The style of the arches adheres completely to the regulations of the Song Dynasty. Liu Dunzhen also emphasized in his writings that the architectural styles in Anning and Zhenxiong are consistent with the heritage of the Song and Yuan Dynasties.

During the Xianfeng (咸丰) and Tongzhi (同治) eras, the Hui people’s uprising led to the destruction of nearly all Buddhist and Taoist buildings around Kunming. Many mosques were also burned during the suppression of the uprising. In contrast, most Confucius Temples survived this period, indicating that during the feudal society, reverence for Confucius was a common ideology across different sects and social classes. Furthermore, the construction of Confucius Temples often utilized the best materials, artisans, and designs, accompanied by richly varied architectural forms such as halls, pavilions, and courtyards. This is why the older ancient architectural complexes in the Kunming area are predominantly Confucius Temples, including those in Kunming, Lunan, Yiliang, Chenggong, and Guandu. A comprehensive survey and classification of all Confucius Temples in Yunnan Province would yield a comprehensive dictionary of wooden structures from the Yuan Dynasty onward.

Preservation Efforts

On May 25, 2006, the Anning Confucius Temple was designated as a National Key Cultural Relic Protection Unit by the State Council of the People’s Republic of China.

Tourist Information

• Address: Anning Confucius Temple, 122 Lianran Street, Anning City, Kunming, Yunnan Province
• Transportation:
  • Bus Route: Anning Bus No. 9, approximately 39.6 kilometers in total.
  1. Walk about 320 meters from the temple to Shengli Hall (Victory Square) Station.
  2. Take Anning Bus, passing 11 stops to reach Anning Xiaozhan (小站).
  3. Continue on Anning Bus No. 9 for 7 stops to reach the Metallurgy Back Door Station.
  4. Walk approximately 450 meters to the destination.

Location:

Huilong Wetland Park (汇龙湿地公园) is located in the central area of Xundian County (寻甸县), covering an area of 220 acres. This includes 13 acres of islands, 12 acres of main river channels, 43.5 acres of floodplain, and 151.5 acres of parkland. The park features nearly 20,000 square meters of lakes, wetlands, and floodplains, which contribute to its green, environmentally-friendly, and ecological characteristics.

Overview

Huilong Wetland Park is the first “water culture” park in Xundian County (寻甸县), situated upstream of the Qianjin River (前进河), a tributary of the Niulan River (牛栏江). The park’s landscape, which includes approximately 20,000 square meters of water surfaces, wetlands, and floodplains, fosters an ecological environment that attracts various bird species, including the red-billed gull (红嘴鸥), making it an important habitat for these migratory birds.

Tourist Attractions in Xundian County

Xundian County (寻甸县) offers various attractions, including:

• Xundian Xinghe Hot Spring Tourist Town (寻甸星河温泉旅游小镇)
• Huilong Wetland Park (汇龙湿地公园)
• Qingshuihai (清水海)
• Kedu Memorial Hall (柯渡纪念馆)
• Wanmu Grassland Beidaying (万亩草原北大营)
• Zhongling Mountain Pagoda Forest (钟灵山塔林)
• Xundian Colorful Slope (寻甸七彩坡)
• Fenglong Bay Scenic Area Lavender Garden (凤龙湾景区薰衣草庄园)
• Yangjie Sansheng Palace (羊街三圣宫)

These attractions highlight the natural beauty and cultural richness of Xundian County, making it a popular destination for visitors seeking both relaxation and adventure.

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