Overview
The Baiyukou Scenic Area (白鱼口风景区) is located on the western shore of Dianchi Lake (滇池), approximately thirty kilometers from Kunming (昆明). It extends like a peninsula into the lake, characterized by lush forests, clear waters, and an elegant environment. During the flood season, sediments flow in from the west, settling in the lake, creating a calm underwater current that attracts small white fish to frolic in the waters of Dianchi Lake, hence the name “Baiyukou.” Another explanation for the name suggests that a small hill near the valley resembles a white fish opening its mouth, with the lake lying to the west.
Geographic Environment
On the northern side of Baiyukou Valley, there are ten acres of flat land, backed by steep cliffs and facing Dianchi Lake, creating a picturesque setting. In the early years of the Republic of China, a garden villa was built here. The garden featured a small building made of piled stone blocks, resembling the character “磊” (pronounced “lei”). Thus, it was named Leiyuan (磊园).
Leiyuan has three levels, facing the lake and exhibiting an ancient and solemn style reminiscent of a European castle, also exhibiting elements of southwestern fortress architecture. The small hall on the second floor has a glass wall facing west, with floor-to-ceiling windows overlooking the lake, allowing visitors to enjoy the stunning view of the mountains and water from within.
Next to the Leilou building, several small houses were built, with a fish pond on the west side, a rockery, and cherry blossom trees planted on the east side, along with green grass and weeping willows, creating a “flower forest.” A long dyke runs along the lakeside, with drooping green willows swaying gracefully, and within the dyke are several acres of lotus ponds, where lotuses bloom and fish leap. Surrounding the ponds are arched stone bridges and two stone pavilions. The pavilions, designed in a European style, resemble square boxes with doorways and windows.
In 1953, the Baiyukou area became home to the Yunnan Provincial Workers’ Sanatorium (云南省工人疗养院), incorporating Leiyuan and transforming it into a scenic therapeutic retreat, also known as Konggu Garden (空谷园). A yacht dock was established on the lakeshore in the southeast corner of the villa garden, along with a stone dyke extending into Dianchi Lake, which serves as both a mooring area for boats and a scenic viewing spot.
Scenic Features
Baiyukou faces the outer sea of Dianchi Lake, with a water surface area of up to 11 square kilometers, making it the largest section of the lake. A local folk song captures the beauty of the area, stating:
“此地水阔浪飞雪，成群海鸥连天白。
天上白云水中游，天水鱼鸟成一色。”
(“The water here is vast, waves flying like snow,
With flocks of seagulls connecting the sky.
White clouds in the sky swim in the water,
The sky and water blend with fish and birds.”)
From Baiyukou, the view of Dianchi Lake offers a unique charm: when the clouds obscure the sky, the lake ripples expansively, appearing boundless; on clear sunny days, the distant mountains appear as dark shades, creating picturesque scenery. Especially enchanting are the nights with gentle breezes, where moonlight ripples on the waves, softly caressing the willow dyke, and the distant mountains reflect the moonlight, creating a mystical atmosphere.
Overview
The Dedesi Temple (大德寺) and its renowned Twins Pagodas (双塔) are located on Huashan East Road (华山东路), atop Zupian Mountain (祖遍山) on the eastern side of Wuhua Mountain (五华山), within the premises of the Yunnan Provincial Animal Husbandry Bureau (云南省畜牧局院内).
Originally built in the fifth year of the Yuan Dynasty (元大德五年, 1301), the temple was initially named “Palace of Ultimate Bliss” (极乐宫) before being renamed Dedesi. During the early Ming Dynasty, most of the temple’s buildings were destroyed, leaving only the front hall and the entrance. In the first year of the Tianshun era (明天顺元年, 1457), the recluse He Zhongyuan (何仲渊) oversaw significant renovations. Today, the temple is situated on Pingzheng Street (平政街). In 1983, it was approved by the Kunming Municipal People’s Government (昆明市人民政府) and designated as a city-level key cultural heritage site. Along with the East and West Pagodas (东、西寺塔), it serves as a symbol of Kunming’s ancient civilization.
Historical Significance
The Twins Pagodas (双塔) of Dedesi Temple are famous Buddhist towers within Kunming City (昆明市). Following the construction of the pagodas, Dedesi Temple became known as the Twins Pagoda Temple (双塔寺). Zupian Mountain, where Dedesi Temple is situated, is celebrated for its stunning scenery. The mountain is lush with ancient cypress trees, providing dense shade. From the top, visitors can enjoy panoramic views of the city, the charming forested hills, and the clear waters of Dianchi Lake (滇池).
Throughout the Ming and Qing Dynasties (明清), the temple underwent several renovations, becoming one of the largest Buddhist temples in Kunming City.
Construction and Structure
The Twins Pagodas were constructed in the thirteenth year of the Chenghua era of the Ming Dynasty (明成化十三年) and were modeled after the Small Wild Goose Pagoda (西安小雁塔) in Xi’an. They are located between the Hall of Reception (接引殿) and the Mahavira Hall (大雄宝殿). Each tower stands 21 meters tall, with a distance of 27 meters between them. They are solid square pagodas with a tiered eave design, featuring Buddha niches on all four sides of each level to house statues of Buddha, along with inscribed steles.
The pagodas have an unadorned yet dignified appearance, maintaining their integrity despite enduring over five hundred years of changes. In the late Qing Dynasty, the site of Dedesi Temple housed a mining school. During the Republic of China period, several educational institutions, including a Normal School, a Senior High School, an Agricultural School, Kunhua Women’s Teacher Training College, and Qiushi Middle School, were established there. The original structures of Dedesi Temple no longer exist, leaving only the Twins Pagodas.
During repairs in 1957, the entire tower was coated with cement, obscuring its original appearance. The top of the tower was also altered to a gourd shape made of cement, although the structure of the pagoda itself remained unchanged.
Scenic Introduction
In Kunming City, the East and West Pagodas stand to the south, while the Twins Pagodas gaze at them from a distance. The original Small Green Water River (小绿水河) and Large Green Water River (大绿水河) flowed beneath the pagodas, reflecting their beauty, earning them the title of “Green Reflecting Twins Pagodas” (绿映双塔). Along with the saying “Twins Pagodas in the Clouds, One Floor Touching the Sky” (双塔云中，一楼天际), they were praised as one of the top ten scenic spots in Kunming during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Unfortunately, the original Songzi Tower (松子楼) no longer exists, leaving the Twins Pagodas standing tall.
The Qing Dynasty poet Zhu Xiaoyuan (朱筱园) wrote a poem titled “Twins Pagoda Temple” (《双塔寺》):
“Ancient temple set in the spiral peaks,
Exceedingly strange beyond Wuhua.
Two stupas float in the sky,
Bowing down to receive the worship of the chaotic mountains.
After many tribulations, the city still stands tall,
Enduring and unbroken.”
The Twins Pagodas are a prominent Buddhist tower within the city. Following their construction, Dedesi Temple gained the name of Twins Pagoda Temple. Zupian Mountain, where the temple is located, is known for its extraordinary scenic beauty, featuring dense ancient cypress trees that provide shade. From the top, visitors can admire the city’s layout, the beautiful forest scenery, and the clear waters of Dianchi Lake, all visible in one sweeping view.
Throughout the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the temple underwent multiple renovations and became one of the larger Buddhist temples in Kunming. The temple connects to the Yalong Shrine (盐龙祠) on the west side, attracting numerous worshippers and tourists throughout the year, making it one of the most popular ancient temples with active incense offerings.
Overview
The Monument of Liujia Battle (六甲之战纪念塔) is located to the west of Jiabai Mountain Village (贾白山村) in Baizi Village Committee (白子村委会), Xianfeng Town (先锋镇), Xundian County (寻甸县), Kunming City (昆明市). This monument commemorates one of the two significant battles fought by the Red Second and Sixth Army Corps during their Long March (长征) through Yunnan Province.
Historical Significance
The Liujia Battle (六甲之战) was one of the two major bloodbaths during the Long March of the Red Second and Sixth Army Corps, which was a crucial part of the Chinese Communist Party’s military history. This battle thoroughly shattered the enemy’s scheme to annihilate the Red Army east of the Pudu River (普渡河) and south of Gongshan (功山). It was a battle that tore through the enemy’s encirclement and instilled fear in the Yunnan Army (滇军), preventing them from daring to pursue the Red Army closely afterward. This paved the way for the Red Army’s successful sweep across western Yunnan.
On April 3, 2011, the Xundian County Party Committee and County Government relocated the Monument of Liujia Battle to the original site of the Liujia Blocking Battle (六甲阻击战) at Shimenkan (石门坎). The relocation included the tombs of Red Army martyrs at Jin Suoze (金所泽), Huangyugou (黄鱼沟), and Maichongqing (麦冲箐). The newly relocated monument and martyr’s tomb now cover an area of over 8,000 square meters. Its location is more accessible, and its design is more rational, making it beneficial for the general public and youth to visit, pay their respects, and receive patriotic education.
Key Figures
- Leader: Mao Zedong (毛泽东)
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- Red Army’s Long March Through Yunnan: How fierce was the Liujia Blocking Battle? Most martyrs were from Hubei Province (湖北籍)!
The Monument of Liujia Battle stands as a significant historical landmark, providing insight into the heroic struggles of the Red Army during the Long March. It serves as a reminder of the sacrifices made by the martyrs and a place for education and reflection for future generations.
The Zhonglingshan Scenic Area (钟灵山风景区) is located in Xundian Hui and Yi Autonomous County (寻甸回族彝族自治县), Kunming City (昆明市), Yunnan Province (云南省), adjacent to National Road 320 (320国道). The scenic area, centered around Zhonglingshan Mountain (钟灵山), covers an area of approximately 11 square kilometers and reaches an elevation of 2,330.5 meters. The Zhonglingshan National Forest Park (钟灵山国家级森林公园) is a tourist destination that integrates natural landscapes with historical and cultural attractions.
Overview of Zhonglingshan Scenic Area
The Zhonglingshan Scenic Area boasts rich natural resources, with unique mountain terrain featuring natural landforms like the Thirty-Six Drums (三十六鼓) and Seventy-Two Peaks (七十二峰). The area also incorporates historical and cultural sites, including the ruins of Zhongling Temple (钟灵寺), which dates back to the Ming Dynasty (明代), the pagoda forest of eminent monks from various dynasties, the ancient Yilong Post Road (易隆古驿道), the Guangling Ancient Battlefield (关岭古战场遗址), and the monument commemorating Zhuge Liang’s (诸葛亮) seven captures of Meng Huo (七擒孟获会盟碑址). These elements showcase the region’s rich historical and cultural heritage.
Zhonglingshan’s natural beauty includes features such as Flag Mountain (旗子山), Footprints of Immortals (仙人脚印), and Stone General (石将军), earning it the title of “the first Buddhist site in eastern Yunnan.” The Zhongling Temple, once one of the eight famous temples in southwest China, is home to 39 existing pagodas that hold significant value for studying the region’s historical religion, culture, and economy.
General Information
- Chinese Name: 钟灵山风景区
- Location: Next to National Road 320 in Xundian County, Kunming City (昆明市寻甸回族彝族自治县320国道旁)
- Opening Hours: 08:00 – 19:00
- Area: 11 km²
- Types of Scenery: Natural and historical cultural landscapes
Scenic Area Introduction
Zhonglingshan Scenic Area is characterized by natural formations such as the Thirty-Six Drums and Seventy-Two Peaks, alongside significant historical sites like the ruins of Zhongling Temple, the pagoda forest of eminent monks, the ancient Yilong Post Road, the site of the Guangling Ancient Battlefield, and the Zhuge Liang Commemorative Monument. Stretching south from Yilong along National Road 320, the area extends 5.5 km towards the Kunqu Highway (昆曲公路) and the Gui-Kun Railway (贵昆铁路), displaying spectacular and unique mountain topography.
The scenic route follows the Linchang mountain range to the southwest, known as Guansuo Ridge (关索岭). This region is densely forested with unique landscapes, featuring attractions such as Flag Mountain, Footprints of Immortals, Stone General, Granary Mountain, Tiger Roaring at the Moon, Morning Sunshine Viewing, Five Elders Observing Tai Chi, and White Horse Looking at the Golden Bell. Locally, it is popularly referred to as “the Thirty-Six Drums and Seventy-Two Flags.”
The scenic area is located 3 kilometers from the Kunqu Expressway (昆曲高速公路), with dense forests and steep terrain, providing fresh, humid air and acting as a natural oxygen bar. The existing pagoda forest has substantial scientific research value, crucial for studying the religious, cultural, and economic history of the Tangzi (塘子) area from 300 years ago. The Zhongling Temple on the mountain, founded during the Yuan Dynasty (元代), was once one of the eight famous temples in southwest China. It is now home to 39 pagodas and is celebrated as “the first Buddhist site in eastern Yunnan.”
Historical Background
Zhonglingshan is situated 35 kilometers west of Dengfeng City (登封市) and 6 kilometers north of Yingyang Town (颖阳镇), located at the junction of Zhengzhou (郑州) and Luoyang (洛阳). This area looks north to the Yellow River (黄河), south to Maling (马岭), west to Longmen (龙门), and east to Shaolin (少林). As recorded in the “Classic of Mountains and Seas” (山海经), it is recognized as the great bitter mountain and the site where Nuwa (女娲) molded humans from clay and repaired the heavens. Hence, it is known as the “first dragon mountain” in China and is considered one of the earliest cradles of human civilization.
Zhonglingshan stands over 1,400 meters high and stretches from east to west. Its surrounding mountains are sharply contoured, accessible only by a narrow winding path, famously referred to as “the only road of purple clouds since ancient times.” The eastern side features the Wanzhang Valley (万丈沟), the western side the Thousand-Fathom Gorge (千仞涧), the southern side the Southern Gate (南天门), and it connects to Huaiyu Village (怀玉寨) in the north.
The summit of Zhonglingshan is relatively flat, adorned with a stone wall that serves as a refuge during chaotic times, leading to its alternative name, Anpo Mountain (安坡山). A spot on the peak resonates like a drum when stepped upon, earning the name Ling Mountain (灵山).
Zhonglingshan is home to over fifty unique caves, such as Laomu Cave (老母洞), Ziyun Cave (紫云洞), Old Dragon Cave (老龙洞), Yellow Dragon Cave (黄龙洞), Five Gates Cave (五门洞), Flying Tiger Cave (飞虎洞), Flower Stone Cave (花石洞), and Medicine King Cave (药王洞), each accompanied by fascinating legends. The scenic area includes Zhangwan Valley (丈万谷), Thousand-Fathom Gorge, Ziyun Waterfall (紫云飞瀑), and Xiangyun Pass (祥云贯日), making it a stunningly beautiful destination.
The natural beauty of Zhonglingshan has made it a well-known tourist destination since ancient times. Its layers of peaks and tranquil caves, along with beautiful waterfalls and dragon pools, create an enchanting landscape. Ancient trees and resilient pines tower above, providing lush shade. In spring and summer, wandering through the sea of trees, one can bask in the fragrance of wildflowers blooming all over the mountains—some adorned in delicate red, others pure white, some a vibrant green, and others a rich dark hue. Temples and pavilions rise majestically atop the peaks or hide among the dense forests, accompanied by the gentle sound of mountain springs and the fluttering of colorful butterflies. The natural beauty is simply breathtaking. As the Ming Dynasty poet Gao Qi (高启) once wrote:
“Entering the mountains, flowers and branches are everywhere;
No matter the distance, the paths are unknown.”
入山无处不花枝，远近高低路不知。
The Xundian Beidaying Grassland (寻甸北大营草原) is located northeast of Xundian County (寻甸县), approximately 23 kilometers from the county center. This ecological grassland spans 18,000 acres and features a scenic tourism area of 36 square kilometers. Each summer, the expansive grassland blooms with lush greenery, where cattle and sheep roam freely.
Overview of the Grassland
The tourism development of Beidaying Grassland focuses on meticulous planning and attracting foreign investment. The Yunnan Tianshi Real Estate Company (云南天实房地产公司) has invested 550 million yuan in the development of Beidaying Grassland, and initial results are already evident.
The development strategy primarily utilizes the grassland, hot springs, hills, solitary mountains, waterfalls, mountain springs, river valleys, complex terrain, and natural landscapes. Key tourism projects include:
- Grassland film and television base
- Western town
- Horse racing
- Grass skiing
- Off-road jeeping
- Hot air ballooning
These projects highlight the distinct advantages of the region. The total planned area of Xundian Beidaying Grassland covers 36 square kilometers, encompassing 18,000 acres.
Table of Contents
- Introduction to the Scenic Area
- Scenic Area Map
Introduction to the Scenic Area
Xundian Beidaying Grassland is an ecological treasure trove located 23 kilometers northeast of Xundian County. With its vast expanse of 18,000 acres of lush grassland and a scenic tourism zone spanning 36 square kilometers, the region transforms into a vibrant paradise each summer. The blooming flora and grazing livestock create a picturesque scene that enchants visitors.
The strategic tourism development plan aims to enhance the region’s natural beauty while promoting economic growth. With substantial investment from the Yunnan Tianshi Real Estate Company, the grassland is on its way to becoming a premier tourist destination.
Attractions and Features
Key features and attractions of Xundian Beidaying Grassland include:
- Ecological Grassland: 18,000 acres of verdant grassland
- Scenic Tourism Area: 36 square kilometers for exploration and enjoyment
- Natural Attractions: Hot springs, hills, waterfalls, and unique topography
- Tourism Projects:
- Grassland film and television base
- Western town experience
- Horse racing events
- Grass skiing activities
- Off-road jeep adventures
- Hot air balloon rides
The Xundian Beidaying Grassland is poised to become a hub for eco-tourism, combining natural beauty with diverse recreational opportunities, making it an attractive destination for visitors seeking adventure and tranquility in nature.
The Red Manor (红色庄园) is located adjacent to National Highway 213, approximately 10 kilometers from the entrance of the Songdai Expressway (嵩待高速金所道口). This manor was once the site of Yunnan Agricultural University (云南农业大学) in the 1970s, where notable figures such as Premier Wen Jiabao (温家宝) and General Yan Hongyan (阎红颜) once resided. The manor utilizes themes such as “People’s Commune,” “Nostalgia and Roots,” and “Education and Knowledge” to convey the sincerity of the past and the harmony of the present.
Overview
The estate covers an area of 750 acres, featuring:
- Dantong Lake (丹彤湖)
- Moon Lake (月亮湖)
- Rare fruit area
- Bamboo orchard
- Plant observation zone
The manor is fully equipped with facilities that integrate leisure and vacation, conference training, and entertainment and fitness activities. Walking through the picturesque manor, visitors can enjoy the crunch of fallen leaves underfoot and the sounds of birds chirping, creating a harmonious connection between humans and nature. It is a place where one can fully embrace freedom and romance, discovering new meanings in leisurely life while touching the softest depths of their hearts.
Historical Background
The Red Manor is situated in Tianshengqiao (天生桥), Xundian County. Upon entering the gate, visitors are greeted by a clear lake on the right and a pavilion standing amidst it. Walking along the well-maintained paths of the manor, one can observe remnants of past educational facilities, such as:
- Former classroom building
- Office building
- Student auditorium
- Playground
These structures retain red-tiled roofs and stone foundations, with phrases like “Create a First-Class School, Nurture Century Talents” (创一流学校，育世纪英才) and “Diligent, Thoughtful, Truth-Seeking, Innovative” (刻苦、善思、求真、创新) adorning the red brick walls. Despite the expansive 750-acre old site now transformed into the Red Manor, the simple and dilapidated school buildings seem to echo the joyful laughter of students that once filled the air.
Nostalgia Theme Area
The motto “Nurturing Century Talents” (育世纪英才) reflects the educational aspirations of the region. Yunnan Agricultural University was founded in 1938 as the National Yunnan University College of Agriculture. In 1958, it became independent as Kunming Agricultural and Forestry College (昆明农林学院). In 1971, it moved to Xundian County, merging with Yunnan Agricultural Labor University (云南农业劳动大学) to form Yunnan Agricultural University. In 1981, it returned to Heilongtan (黑龙潭), Kunming.
Pavilion in the Lake
Today, the Red Manor serves as a patriotic education base, utilizing themes such as “People’s Commune,” “Nostalgia and Roots,” and “Education and Knowledge” to narrate the sincerity of the past and the harmony of the present. Visitors are invited to immerse themselves in the stories and legacies of this significant historical site.
Location:
Overview
Baoshi Cave, located in Panlong Village (盘龙村), Sandan Town (散旦镇), Fumin County (富民县), is approximately 33 kilometers from Kunming. This limestone cave system comprises multiple caves, including Long Cave (龙洞), Xianren Cave (仙人洞), and Fulin Cave (福临洞), with Baoshi Cave being the main attraction. The cave is named for the abundance of colorful and unique agate stones found within, and it features a stunning variety of stalactites.
Location
- Chinese Name: 宝石洞
- Location: Panlong Village (盘龙村), Sandan Town (散旦镇), Fumin County (富民县)
- Distance from Kunming: 33 kilometers
Getting There
Visitors must walk for about 30 minutes to reach the foot of the mountain after arriving in Sandan Town. The hike to Baoshi Cave takes around 10 minutes.
Geological Features
Baoshi Cave is a large limestone cave system characterized by karst landforms, including:
- Dragon Cave (龙洞)
- Immortal Cave (仙人洞)
- Fulin Cave (福临洞)
The total length of the cave system exceeds 2,500 meters and spans nine layers, interconnected by underground rivers. The water flows gently, creating a refreshing environment.
Cave Characteristics
- Stalactites: The cave is filled with a stunning array of stalactites in various shapes and sizes.
- Archaeological Significance: In 1983, pottery and bone artifacts from the Neolithic era were discovered at the cave entrance, indicating its historical importance.
- Untouched Beauty: Baoshi Cave remains largely undeveloped, hidden deep within the earth and retaining its mysterious allure.
Scenic Highlights
The Baoshi Cave Scenic Area is only a 20-minute drive from the city center, with excellent access from Kunming’s West Third Ring Road (昆明西三环路) and the Northwest Ring Expressway (西北绕城高速). The scenic area features seven caves, of which four are currently developed. Notable highlights include:
- Stalactite Formations: The stalactites within the caves are particularly unique and diverse, especially in the upper sections of Baoshi Cave, where visitors can search for their desired gemstones.
- Gemstone Hunting: Some gemstones are crystal clear and can be crafted into jewelry, such as rings and pendants, depending on visitors’ luck.
The Paradise Water Cave (世外桃源水洞)
One of the highlights of the scenic area is the Paradise Water Cave, where visitors can take a boat ride from the front mountain to the back mountain. The cave features a vast and magnificent landscape that offers a unique charm.
Nature and Recreation
The Baoshi Cave Scenic Area has three main water sources:
- Dongfeng Reservoir Water: Flows through the back mountain to the Paradise Water Cave.
- Clear Stream: A gentle stream flows from the lower cave of Baoshi Cave, home to rare domestic golden line fish and bats.
- Underground Dragon Palace Water: Water continuously gushes from the ground, characterized by its clarity and coolness, comparable to the water from Kunming’s Heilongtan (黑龙潭).
Visitors can enjoy activities such as:
- Camping: Facilities are available for camping, barbecuing, and fishing.
- Water Fun: Play in the water, engage in water fights, and enjoy the natural beauty surrounding the area.
- Harvesting: Fresh vegetables and fruits are available for picking.
Location:
Overview
Xiaoshuijing Village (小水井村) is located in Fumin County (富民县), northwest of Kunming (昆明). The village has gained fame for its authentic Miao (苗族) folk songs, thanks to a native farmers’ choir known for its ecological singing style. The choir has performed on CCTV (中央电视台) and at international concerts, earning the reputation of being “the heavenly sounds from deep within the mountains.”
Location and Environment
- Location: Xiaoshuijing is part of the Shuke Village Committee (束刻村委会) under the Yongding Town (永定镇) sub-district office, situated northeast of the sub-district office.
- Distance: 4.5 kilometers from the village committee and 17 kilometers from the sub-district office.
- Area and Elevation: Covers an area of 3.24 square kilometers with an elevation of 2,259 meters.
- Climate: Average annual temperature of 13°C and annual rainfall of 840 millimeters, suitable for growing crops like corn and wheat.
Xiaoshuijing (Small Well) is located in the southeastern quarter of Fumin Town, 17 kilometers away from Daying Town’s government, and can be accessed by a village road. The village is at an elevation of 2.38 km, and consists of 138 families, 447 people, all of whom are of Miao minority. It is also the biggest Miao village in Kunming.
There is a comparatively big Church in the village with a choir that sings beautifully. Miao villagers there have their ethnic group’s instruments; songs and dances are well established traditionally with simple and adorned social customs. Xiaoshuijing Miao Farmers Choir was first organized in 1986, and it has more than 63 members now. The group can sing over 400 songs and within 3 days they can learn and harmonize a new song. The oldest member in the choir is 36 years old while the youngest is 15. None of the members has ever been given professional training, they just practice hard every day; and every night they get together and rehearse their songs.
In October of 2003, the Xiaoshuijing Miao Farmers Choir took part in the First Chorus Festival of China’s West Area and won first place. Furthermore, singing 《The Same Song • Coming to Yunnan》 at a large concert and at the 2004 Kunming China International Tourism Culture Festival, the 63 members of the Xiaoshuijing Miao Farmers Choir all wore their gorgeous, traditional Miao costumes; and with their pure voices and without musical accompaniment, they sang《Please stay, guests from far away》,《The Same Song》, and 《Goodbye, Dear Friend》. These three Miao folk song’s unique sound, in addition to their beautiful harmony, made it seem that the audiences were in a forest and enjoyed the sounds of nature. China Chorus Association, Yunnan Chorus Society, etc. all claim, Xiaoshuijing Miao Farmers Choir is sound as “A perfect combination of folk singing style and beautiful four-part choir” and “The purest singing to ever come from farmlands”. Their sound is remarkably like the sounds heard in nature. After the president of the China Chorus Association attended their singing, he critiqued it saying, “Xiaoshuijing Choir’s sound is not only bel canto, but also has a Miao peculiarity, harmony with nature, and does not have any artificial air. They were devoted into the performance and it was very moving.”
Cultural Significance of the Choir
The Xiaoshuijing Miao Farmers Choir was organized in 1986 and currently consists of over 63 members who can sing over 400 songs. The choir’s performances are characterized by:
- Training: Members have no formal training but practice diligently, gathering each night to rehearse.
- Awards: The choir has won numerous accolades, including first place at the First Chorus Festival of China’s West Area in 2003.
- Performance Style: They sing without musical accompaniment, producing pure harmonies that reflect their cultural heritage. Their songs incorporate traditional Miao lyrics and styles.
Notable Achievements
- The choir has performed at major events, including the 2004 Kunming China International Tourism Culture Festival, where they sang traditional songs such as “Please Stay, Guests from Far Away” and “Goodbye, Dear Friend.”
- The choir’s performances have been praised for their unique blend of folk singing and four-part harmonies, described as “a living fossil of Western Baroque choral music.”
Community and Heritage
Xiaoshuijing Village is home to over 470 Miao people, making it the largest natural Miao community in Kunming. Key aspects of the village and choir include:
- Cultural Preservation: The choir preserves traditional Miao singing forms and reflects the villagers’ love for their homeland and nature.
- Accessibility: Anyone with a good voice can join the choir, fostering community involvement.
- Influence of Western Music: The choir integrates elements of Western church music, contributing to its unique sound.
Future Plans
The choir aims to:
- Expand their repertoire to include more Western and traditional Miao songs.
- Provide opportunities for tourists to experience authentic Miao culture.
- Perform internationally, having already toured to New Zealand in 2019.
Contact Information
- Location: Yongding Neighborhood, Fumin County
- Telephone: 136 6973 2558
- Choir Contact: 139 8716 6302
Location:
Overview
The Heshangdong Valley of the Tanglangchuan River (螳螂川河上洞峡谷风景区) is located 5 kilometers southwest of Fumin County (富民县) and showcases a combination of stunning natural landscapes both inside the caves and in the surrounding river valley.
Geographic Location
- Location: Fumin County, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China (云南省昆明市富民县)
- Climate: Subtropical plateau monsoon climate
Major Discoveries
- Fossils of mammals have been discovered in this area, highlighting its significance in scientific research.
Natural Resources
This area boasts picturesque scenery, featuring majestic mountains and flowing waters. The Tanglangchuan River (螳螂川) rushes through the gorge, creating breathtaking views reminiscent of a silver ribbon. Unique rock formations lie along the riverbed, and the sound of rushing water echoes through the canyons. On the south bank, steep cliffs are covered with green moss, while the north bank features towering peaks that reach the sky. Nearby, a dam resembles a mirror set within the valley, reflecting shimmering waves that add color to the landscape.
Heshangdong Cave
Nestled in the cliffs is the Heshangdong Cave (河上洞), which offers an eerie yet fascinating environment. The cave is deep and winding, adorned with stunning stalactites that take the form of various natural and mythical figures, such as a Buddha sitting on a lotus, an eagle soaring in the air, and a lion lying in wait. The cave was developed to include lighting for visitor experience and features viewing pavilions, corridors, and stone steps leading to scenic platforms.
The renowned geographer Xu Xiake (徐霞客) once explored this cave and described it as “extraordinarily mysterious; among all caves in Yunnan, it stands shoulder to shoulder with Qinghua Cave and Qingxi Cave.”
Visitor Information
The Heshangdong Valley offers various activities, including tourism, sightseeing, exploration, climbing, and nature appreciation. The cave is located in Yongding Town, Fumin County, and can be accessed via a scenic route that starts from Anning (安宁) through Qinglong Gorge (青龙峡).
- Distance: It is a 44-kilometer journey downstream along the Tanglangchuan River. The breathtaking landscapes consist of lush primitive trees, offering beautiful vistas where mountains, water, sky, and land intermingle harmoniously.
Legend and Cultural Significance
Local legend states that the Jade Emperor sent Erlang Shen (二郎神) to split the mountains in order to solve the water shortage problem in Fumin, resulting in the formation of the Tanglangchuan River, which flows emerald green, resembling a praying mantis in the fields, hence its name.
Visitors often venture to the Heshangdong Cave, believed to have been named by Xu Xiake. Archaeologist Jia Lanpo (贾兰坡) discovered 19 species of mammal fossils dating back 100,000 years within the cave. According to local lore, a cat once entered the cave, and some claim to have seen it emerge from the Lu Feng (禄丰) area. Though these tales may be hard to believe, no one has yet reached the cave’s end.
Mountain Climbing and Activities
The highest peak in the area rises 3,000 meters above sea level, offering climbing enthusiasts a perfect venue. Each March, international rock-climbing teams come to challenge themselves here. Reaching the summit provides a sense of conquering the surrounding mountains, while the Tanglangchuan River below resembles a delicate ribbon.
Visitors are encouraged to drive carefully along the narrow roads, especially during rainy weather when rockfalls are a concern. Self-catering is advised, as there are local dining options, and Fumin County offers additional dining and accommodation choices just 5 kilometers away.
Practical Information
- Location: Fumin County, Kunming, Yunnan Province (云南省昆明市富民县)
- Opening Hours: Open all day
- Admission Fee: Please consult the scenic area for details
- Driving Route: The scenic area is located 5 kilometers southwest of Fumin County. From Fumin, drive upstream along the Wenfu Third-Class Asphalt Road for 4 kilometers. Alternatively, you can travel from Wenshan Town (温泉镇) in Anning for 49 kilometers towards Fumin.
Travel Information
To reach the area, drive 4 kilometers upstream along the Wenfu Third-Class Asphalt Road by the Tanglangchuan River, or travel 49 kilometers from Wenshan Town (温泉镇) in Anning towards Fumin County.
Overview
Wanfoshan Mountain Scenic Area (万佛山风景旅游区) is located in the northeastern part of Fumin County (富民县), Kunming City (昆明市), Yunnan Province (云南省), China. It is situated 6 kilometers from the county seat and 25 kilometers from downtown Kunming. Visitors can reach the area in approximately 30 minutes by car along the Kunlu Second-Class Highway (昆禄二级公路).
Key Features
- Chinese Name: 万佛山
- Geographical Location: Fumin County, Kunming City, Yunnan Province
Cultural Heritage
Within the scenic area lies the restored Qingshou Temple (庆寿寺), which boasts a history of over 300 years. Nestled among the lush greenery of Wanfoshan, the temple is surrounded by picturesque peaks and dense forests filled with birdsong and fragrant flowers. The temple complex consists of nine halls, a tower, and a pond, including:
- Main Halls:
- Mahavira Hall (大雄宝殿)
- Guanyin Hall (观音殿)
- Ksitigarbha Hall (地藏殿)
- Amitabha Hall (接引殿)
- Heavenly King Hall (天王殿)
- Patriarch Hall (祖师殿)
- Sutra Hall (藏经阁)
- Great Compassion Hall (大悲殿)
- Wealth God Hall (财神殿)
- Haisu Tower (海会塔)
- Pond: Release Life Pond (放生池)
The temple features statues of Shakyamuni Buddha (释迦牟尼佛), Manjushri Bodhisattva (文殊菩萨), Maitreya Buddha (弥勒佛), Samantabhadra Bodhisattva (普贤菩萨), and other deities. This rich collection of Buddhist figures has led to the temple being called Qingshou Temple of Wanfoshan, attracting many pilgrims. Visiting this Buddhist sanctuary offers a chance for spiritual purification, a return to nature, and a harmonious connection with oneself, allowing visitors to grasp the essence of life.
Scenic Area Components
The Wanfoshan Mountain Scenic Area encompasses five main components:
- Qingshou Temple (庆寿寺): The cultural heart of the area.
- Plantation: A place to enjoy nature and agricultural practices.
- Leisure Resort: Facilities for relaxation and enjoyment.
- Elderly Care Center: A facility supporting the local community.
- Bird Park (百鸟园): A haven for birdwatchers and nature lovers.
With its rich Buddhist culture and beautiful natural scenery, the scenic area integrates the promotion of Buddhist culture with tourism, leisure, entertainment, and residential activities, serving as a place for people to reconnect with nature.
Wanfoshan Yangmei Garden
Located within the Wanfoshan Fruit Orchard (果园), the Yangmei (杨梅) berries here are grown without the use of pesticides or chemical fertilizers. They mature naturally, irrigated with spring water and fertilized with organic compost, resulting in an exceptional flavor. The orchard is easily accessible, with convenient parking available right at the entrance. Visitors can simply use navigation or search for the name of the orchard to arrive easily.
Wanfoshan Mountain Scenic Area is a remarkable destination that combines stunning landscapes with rich cultural heritage. Whether exploring the ancient Qingshou Temple, enjoying the natural beauty of the orchards, or immersing oneself in Buddhist culture, visitors are sure to find a sense of peace and connection in this beautiful part of Yunnan Province.
Overview
The Kafeng Ecological Garden (云南伽峰生态园) is located in Fumin County (富民县), Kunming City (昆明市), Yunnan Province (云南省), China. Known as the “key to northern Yunnan,” the garden is situated 26 kilometers northwest of Kunming. Spanning an area of 12 square kilometers, the garden features diverse terrain and a rich variety of landscapes and ecological vegetation. Authorities have remarked that its grandeur resembles that of Mount Tai (泰山) and the beauty of Huangshan (黄山), as well as the alpine meadows of Shangri-La (香格里拉).
Key Features
- Area: 12 square kilometers
- Distance from Kunming: 26 kilometers
- Landscape Comparison: Renowned for its majestic mountains, beautiful landscapes, and high-altitude meadows.
Climate and Flora
The climate in the ecological garden is pleasant, with flowers blooming in every season:
- Spring: Rhododendrons (杜鹃) bloom magnificently, resembling a blanket of white snow.
- Summer: The meadows are adorned with golden flowers, akin to a golden carpet stretching to the horizon.
- Autumn: The trees display a spectrum of colors, creating a vivid tapestry of fall foliage.
- Winter: Camellias (山茶) herald the arrival of spring, with mist enveloping the red flowers.
Facilities and Services
Established in 2001, the Kafeng Mountain Country Camp (伽峰山乡村营地) serves as the main reception hub of the garden. It features comprehensive facilities, including:
- Recreational Activities: A range of leisure and entertainment options.
- Dining and Accommodation: High-quality dining services and comfortable lodging.
- Conference Hosting: Facilities for meetings and receptions.
With a rich historical culture and strong ethnic characteristics, the garden offers high-quality, star-rated services, leaving a lasting impression on numerous visitors.
Attractions and Activities
The Kafeng Ecological Garden is not just a scenic spot but also a place filled with intriguing stories and adventures:
- Flying Temple Legend (飞来寺传说): A captivating tale that adds a mystical charm to the area.
- Iron Chains and Suspension Bridges (铁索、吊桥): These features provide thrilling experiences, perfect for adventure seekers.
- Maying Flowers on Mare’s Cherry Mountain (马樱山上的马缨花): Blooming passionately, they offer a feast for the eyes and a sense of enchantment.
- Wangchuan Cliff (望川崖): Known for its perilous and mysterious beauty, it presents a majestic yet elegant landscape.
- Endless Grasslands (万亩草甸): The vast meadows allow visitors to enjoy nature’s splendor while inspiring imaginative thoughts and dreams.
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