Introduction

The Site of Qingdian (庆甸遗址) is located on the summit of Laojun Mountain (老君山) behind the Ming Royal Palace (明王室) in Maidi Village (麦地村), Fengshan Town (凤山镇), Fengqing County (凤庆县), Yunnan Province (云南省). Situated approximately 5 kilometers from the county seat, this site dates back to the first year of the Tianshun era (天顺元年, 1328) during the Yuan Dynasty (元朝). It was established as the Meng Family Yamen (勐氏衙门).

General Information

• Chinese Name: 庆甸遗址
• Location: Fengqing County, Yunnan Province (云南省凤庆县)
• Dynasty: Yuan Dynasty, Tianshun era (元朝天顺元年)
• Excavated Artifacts: 1.25 kilograms of silver and several Ming Dynasty (明代) artifacts

Historical Significance

Locally known as the Meng Family Yamen (勐家衙门), the site faces the county city and is aligned east to west. It consists of three small hills arranged over a distance of more than 100 meters, representing the Front Hall (前殿), Middle Hall (中殿), and Rear Hall (后殿) of the county government. In front of the Front Hall, there is a gently sloping area that extends over a hundred zhang. The site is surrounded by Jiulong Mountain (九龙山) to the north and south, providing a commanding view and a serene atmosphere.

After the Ming Dynasty’s Wanli era (万历), particularly in the 26th year (1598), the yamen was abandoned following administrative reforms. Since the liberation, several significant artifacts have been unearthed, including four silver ingots weighing a total of 1.25 kilograms and various items from the Ming Dynasty.

How to Get There

To reach the Site of Qingdian in Fengqing County, consider the following travel options:

• By Bus: Local buses operate between Lincang City (临沧市) and Fengqing County. Upon arrival in Fengqing, you can take a taxi or a local bus to Maidi Village.
• By Taxi: Taxis are available for direct transport from Lincang City to the site.
• Self-Driving: If you prefer to drive, the site is accessible via local roads, with parking available nearby.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: Spring and autumn are ideal for visiting due to pleasant weather and beautiful scenery.
• Cultural Respect: As a historical site, be mindful of local customs and treat the area with respect.
• Photography: Bring a camera to capture the scenic views and the historical significance of the site.
• Local Cuisine: After your visit, explore local dining options in Fengqing County to experience traditional Yunnan cuisine.
• Guided Tours: Consider joining a guided tour for deeper insights into the history and significance of the Qingdian site and its artifacts.

Overview of Lianjing Temple

Lianjing Temple (莲净庵), also known as Xinsi (新寺), is located in the southern part of Fengqing County (凤庆县), Lincang City (临沧市), Yunnan Province (云南省). Originally constructed during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, the temple faced destruction during conflicts in the seventh year of the Xianfeng era (1857). It was later rebuilt in the 15th year of the Guangxu era (1889) by the monk Longyun (隆云).

In the 1950s, the temple ceased religious activities. However, in 1983, the county government approved Lianjing Temple as an open Buddhist temple for the entire county and established a Buddhist association there. Devotees contributed funds to restore the temple, constructing a new scripture pavilion (藏经楼) and re-creating statues of various Buddhas, including the Tathāgata (如来佛), Medicine Buddha (药师佛), Guanyin (观音), and Kṣitigarbha (地藏).

During holidays and festivals, numerous worshippers visit the temple to light incense, make wishes, and seek peace. The sounds of bells and chanting fill the air, creating a lively and vibrant atmosphere.

Historical Background

• Original Construction: Built during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty.
• Destruction: Destroyed in the year 1857 due to wartime conflicts.
• Reconstruction: Rebuilt in 1889 by monk Longyun.
• Modern Development:
  • 1983: Officially recognized as an open temple by the county government.
  • Restoration efforts were initiated by local devotees, leading to significant renovations.

Key Features

• Buddhist Statues: Recreated figures of the Tathāgata, Medicine Buddha, Guanyin, and Kṣitigarbha.
• Scripture Pavilion: A newly constructed building for storing Buddhist scriptures.

Social Significance

Lianjing Temple plays a crucial role in the local community, serving as a center for Buddhist practice and cultural activities. It fosters a sense of community among devotees and provides a space for spiritual growth and education.

Location

• Chinese Name: 莲净庵
• Location: Xianshengyi (先生邑), Fengqing County, Lincang City, Yunnan Province (云南省临沧市凤庆县先生邑)

How to Get There

To reach Lianjing Temple, you can take public transportation or drive from Lincang City. Follow the directions to Fengqing County and look for signs directing you to Xianshengyi. The temple is easily accessible and well-marked.

Travel Tips

1. Best Time to Visit: Consider visiting during Buddhist festivals or holidays for a more immersive experience.
2. Respectful Behavior: As a place of worship, maintain a respectful attitude and dress modestly.
3. Photography: While taking photos is generally acceptable, be sure to ask for permission when photographing worshippers.
4. Local Cuisine: Explore nearby eateries to enjoy local delicacies after your visit.
5. Cultural Insights: Engage with local monks and practitioners to learn more about Buddhist practices and teachings.

Overview

The 48 Rivers Reservoir (四十八道河水库, Sìshíbā Dào Hé Shuǐkù) is located along Fengyao Road, Fengqing County (凤庆县, Fèngqìng Xiàn), Lincang (临沧, Líncāng). This picturesque spot is characterized by beautiful scenery, lush green mountains, and dense forests. Its beauty transforms with the changing seasons: the romance of spring, the serene tranquility of summer, the vibrant freshness of autumn, and the peaceful stillness of winter. Nestled in the mountains, it is an exceptional destination that attracts numerous tourists.

Scenic Beauty

According to legend, forty-eight small rivers converge here, hence the name 48 Rivers. While these streams may not be large, their gentle flow gathers into a lake, enhanced by a man-made dam that creates a harmonious blend of nature and human engineering. The allure of this area shifts with the seasons, offering a different experience throughout the year. Visitors can enjoy close encounters with nature, making it a refreshing escape.

Attractions and Activities

• Natural Scenery: Experience the breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains and lush greenery.
• Photography: Capture stunning images of the changing landscapes, especially during the blooming seasons and fall foliage.
• Hiking: Explore the scenic trails around the reservoir, providing opportunities for both leisurely walks and more challenging hikes.
• Fishing: The reservoir is a great spot for fishing enthusiasts looking to enjoy a peaceful day on the water.
• Picnicking: Find a perfect spot along the banks for a delightful picnic with family and friends.

How to Get There

From the center of Fengqing County (凤庆县, Fèngqìng Xiàn), take the winding Fengyao Road (凤腰公路, Fèngyāo Gōnglù) and drive approximately 36 kilometers to reach the charming 48 Rivers Reservoir (四十八道河水库, Sìshíbā Dào Hé Shuǐkù). Public transportation options, such as local buses or taxis, are also available for those who prefer not to drive.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: Each season offers a unique experience; spring and autumn are particularly beautiful for their vibrant colors.
• Safety Precautions: Always wear comfortable shoes when hiking and be cautious near the water.
• Local Cuisine: Try local dishes available at nearby eateries to enhance your travel experience.
• Respect Nature: Follow local guidelines to preserve the natural beauty of the area.

For more information about the 48 Rivers Reservoir and its attractions, you can visit local tourism websites or social media platforms dedicated to travel in Yunnan Province.

Show you around one of the three largest and most mysterious ancient town in China “Lushi old town” to experience the ancient tea horse road routes, taste the specialty foods, admire the plateau lakes “Xiaowan” and all stone-made village“Tangfang village”, as well as the traditional village “Gumo village”, visit the last primitive tribe of China “Wengding primitive tribe” and one of the oldest rock paintings “Cangyuan rock painting” ever discovered in China.

Highlights:

• Discover the ancient villages and Wa ethnic culture.
• Appreciate the charming landscape of Lincang.
• Explore and learn the rock painting of Cangyuan.

Inquiry

Brief Itinerary：

• Day 1 Lincang-Fengqing
• Day 2 Fengqing
• Day 3 Fengqing-Yunxian
• Day 4 Yunxian-Gengma-Cangyuan
• Day 5 Cangyuan
• Day 6 Cangyuan Departure

Google Map

Detailed Itinerary

From Yunxian county to Cangyuan (about 4 hours) in the morning, through Gengma county and Mengyong county, you can go to Gengma to make tea and experience the life of farmers. Arrive at Cangyuan in the afternoon to visit ancient rock painting of Wa ethnic people and Chinese painting corridor in kilometers, appreciate the beauty of the mountain and the Wa! The unique ancient rock paintings, including weddings, hunting, sacrifice and other varieties of life in content, are drawn by ore powder and animal blood, preserved through three thousand years of wind and rain, which have high artistic and historical value.

After breakfast, go to Guangyun Buddhist Temple. Visit Wengding village in the afternoon and experience the life of primitive tribe.

Guangyun Buddhist Temple located in the north of Mengdong street in Cangyuan county , commonly known as “School Myanmar Temple”, was built in the Qing dynasty. As a Buddhist building of Theravada Buddhism, it is one of the temples with most influence to Theravada Buddhism in southwest of Yunnan province. The style of Temple architecture, mainly influenced by the Han, which retains the form of Theravada Buddhism’s temple , is the organic combination of architectural appearance of Han’s and interior decoration of Dai’s , unique in style of architecture arts . The wood carving in the Guangyun Buddhist Temple, besides the two dragons in front of the door, all the doors and windows are engraved patterns with extremely fine craftsmanship .The interior wall of the hall is painted with 10 mural paintings. The murals are mostly ink-lined and refilled with color, whose style and technique are similar to those of the mainland in Ming and Qing dynasties. Most of the buildings in the painting are multiple eave hiped-roof, which belongs to the architecture style of Han, while the characters are officials, women, soldiers and attendants, etc., different clothing to different ethnic groups. Among them, the warrior wears a crown and a jacket with narrowed horseshoe-shaped cuffs , which is the typical clothing of Qing dynasty .

Guangyun Buddhist Temple, also known as “School Myanmar Temple”, is located in Mengdong town, Cangyuan Wa autonomous county in Yunnan province. Namely the buddhist temple, built in the early years of Qingdaoguang, now only exists in the great hall and the second door. The wood structure style in the hall is triple eave hiped-roof, with six golden pillars juxtaposed inside and painted patterns decorated on the beams .The walls inside the temple are painted with murals, mostly painted with ink outlines and then refilling. The style techniques are similar to those of the mainland in Ming and Qing dynasties.

In the Wa’s language, Wengding is the meaning of “misty villages”.It has been known that this is a relatively primitive Wa’s village. After the founding of new China, it has completed the transition from primitive society to socialist society. The primitive worship has made this place still full of mystery. Before 1957, with the custom of “headhunters to worship” for the sake of good harvest of grain, every Wa village will capture a grown man from other villages before sowing, then sacrifice his head to the Harvest God. Today the pile for sacrificing heads strewn at random can also be seen in the village.

Recommended Hotels

Destination	5 Star	4 Star	3 Star	Hostels
Fengqing	/	/	/	Local Guesthouse
Yunxian County	/	/	Sanjiang Peninsula Hotel	Cangjiang Pearl Hotel
Cangyuan	/	/	Jinwa Hotel	Cangyuan Yinfeng Guesthouse

Service Included:

• Admission fees for all of the sightseeing spots listed in the itinerary;
• Meals as listed in the itinerary;
• Hotels as listed in the itinerary;
• Private English-speaking tour guide;
• Private vehicle for transfers & sightseeing with skilled driver;
• Service charge & government taxes;
• Luggage transfers between airports and hotels;
• Domestic train tickets of soft sleeper.

Service Excluded:

• Any arrival and departure international airfares or train tickets;
• Chinese visa fees;
• Excess baggage charged by Airlines;
• Single room supplement;
• Tips to guides and drivers;
• Personal expenses and gratuities to service staff;
• Personal travel accident insurance;
• All optional programs.

Travel Tips:

• Visitors are advised to always carry changes of clothing due to the large variations in temperature between day and night.
• The climate is relatively dry, so drink more water every day.
• Protecting oneself from strong UV radiation at high altitude.
• Protecting oneself from altitude sickness. Lessen the effects of altitude sickness, avoid strenuous exercise and have plenty of rest. 
• Respect local customs , habits, and religious beliefs.

Inquiry

Chinese Name:凤庆石洞寺
English Name: The Stone Cave Temple in Fengqing County, Lincang

Description

The Stone Cave Temple, also known as Yunyan Twin Pavilions, is situated on a massive rock in Fengqing County. Built around 1794 during the Qing Dynasty, the temple features two pavilions perched atop huge rocks, separated by a distance of 4 meters. The towering rocks, resembling giants who moved them overnight, are carved into caves, hence the name “Stone Cave Temple.”

Geographical Setting

Located 30 kilometers southeast of Fengqing County, amidst lush pine and bamboo forests, the temple is renowned for its serene and unique landscape.

Temple Exterior

In front of the temple, the Yunyan Twin Pavilions stand on two massive rocks, accessible via carved steps protected by stone railings. Beneath the rocks is a natural cave with rugged stone formations. A stone bridge connects the rocks, spanning over a lotus pond. Visitors can cross the bridge, ascend the steps, and enjoy panoramic views of the surrounding mountains. Notable inscriptions include those by Li Huizu, a revolutionary general, and literary figures such as Yang Xiangchi, who praised the pavilions’ scenic beauty.

Temple Interior

Inside the temple grounds, a rare ancient camellia tree, 12 meters tall with a 1.8-meter circumference trunk and 0.6-meter diameter, flourishes. Planted by a Taoist named An Hai in the second year after the temple’s construction, the tree blooms profusely, with the flowers nourished by spring soil enriched by fallen petals. The vibrant camellias, along with the towering pavilions, create a stunning visual contrast, attracting numerous visitors, including poets and artists.

Cultural Significance

In 1983, the Yunyan Twin Pavilions and the ancient camellia tree were designated as protected cultural relics by the local government. The site was renovated and equipped with facilities to accommodate visitors. During the winter and spring blooming seasons, the striking red camellias and the majestic pavilions draw many tourists, who come to admire the beauty and write poetry inspired by the temple.

How to Get There

From Lincang City:
Take a bus or drive from Lincang to Fengqing County, which is approximately 90 kilometers away. The journey by car takes around 1.5 to 2 hours.

From Fengqing County:
Once in Fengqing, you can hire a local taxi or take a bus to the temple. The temple is about 30 kilometers southeast of the county seat.

By Public Transport:
Check local bus schedules for routes to Fengqing County. Some buses may offer direct routes to areas near the temple.

Travel Tips:
It’s recommended to use a GPS or local map for navigation, as signage might be limited. If traveling during the peak tourist seasons, consider booking transportation and accommodation in advance.

Yunnan boasts beautiful scenery, unique and diverse natural landscape, which is rich in resources. There are 26 kinds of ethnic, long history of tea production, abundant social and human resources, and fertile soil for tea growing. Enjoy this fantastic Yunnan 15 day tour where you can learn about the ancient tea culture. Through this tour, you will have a better understanding about Yunnan province and the history behind the fascinating tea culture.

Highlights:

• Visit different tea gardens, tea mountains and tea workshops.
• Explore the ethnic villages, ancient towns along the way.
• Enjoy the rainforest of Menglun Tropical Botanical Garden.

Inquiry

Brief Itinerary

• Day 1: Kunming Arrival
• Day 2: Kunming – Puer
• Day 3: Puer – Menglun
• Day 4: Menglun – Yiwu
• Day 5: Yiwu – Jinghong
• Day 6: Jinghong – Menghai
• Day 7: Menghai – Jingmai
• Day 8: Jingmai – Ximeng
• Day 9: Ximeng – Shuangjiang
• Day 10: shuangjiang – Lincang
• Day 11: Lincang – Fengqing
• Day 12: Fengqing – Manwan
• Day 13: Manwan – Dali
• Day 14: Dali
• Day 15: Dali Departure

Google Map

Detailed Itinerary

Day 1 Kunming Arrival

Sightseeing and Activities:Kunming Arrival
Accommodation: Kunming
Meals:

Day 2 Kunming-Puer

Sightseeing and Activities: Plum Lake
Accommodation: Puer
Meals: Breakfast, Lunch

After breakfast, we will drive around 8 hours to Puer City. It is situated in the northwest of Yunnan Province, which has an important location in China’s southwestern boundary, neighboring Laos, Vietnam and Burma and sharing a 486 kilometers boundary line with these three countries. Kunming is about 550 kilometers from Puer.  We will be relaxed around the Plum Lake which is 4 KM away from the downtown.

Day 3 Puer-Menglun

Sightseeing and Activities: Puer Tea Gardens, Puer Tea Institute, Puer Tea Factory
Accommodation: Menglun
Meals: Breakfast, Lunch

Day 4 Menglun Botanical Garden-Yiwu Ancient Town

Sightseeing and Activities:Menglun Tropical Botanical Garden, He Tian Neng’s old tea workshop, Yiwu Village
Accommodation: Yiwu
Meals: Breakfast, Lunch

After a noodle breakfast, visit Menglun Tropical Botanical Garden. The Garden was founded in 1958 and is currently playing an important role in research in the areas of medicinal plants, taxonomy, economic plants and biochemistry. After visiting Menglun Tropical Botanical Garden, drive along a winding road through a tropical rain forest and stopped briefly at a rubber tree orchard on the way to Yiwu.

Take a bumpy dirt road to see an 800-year old tea tree overlooking a gorgeous lush valley in Zhengshan Mountain. On the way back, walk along the Tea Horse Trail which begins in Yiwu village and goes all the way to Tibet. Our next stop is He Tian Neng’s old tea workshop where you drink tea and see the stone blocks used to press tea cakes. Mr. He then will take you to his newer workshop where you watch as workers make puer tea cakes by hand.

In the evening you hang out in the small Yiwu Village, have tea and beer in front a shop and fired off roman candles in the street. Glenn fired an errant shot, narrowly missed Kevin’s head, before we retired to our slightly rough accommodations for the night.

Day 5 Yiwu Town-Jinghong City

Sightseeing and Activities: Cha Ma Shi factory in Youle, DaDuGang factory
Accommodation: Jinghong
Meals: Breakfast, Lunch

Today we get the chance to make our own puer tea cakes at a small Cha Ma Shi factory in Youle, another of the 6 famous Puer tea mountains. After steaming, pressing and wrapping 2 cakes each we really get to experience how naturally simple the whole process is compared to other types of tea which are fried, rolled and processed substantially more. The only downside I see to puer cakes is the lengthy aging process which is necessary for the deep rich taste to develop.

From this small tea factory we traveled to DaDuGang, the owner of the largest tea plantation in Asia. Terraced fields of 30yr old tea bushes could be seen in all directions and the view was breathtaking.  In stark contrast to the small factory we’d seen earlier in the day, the DaDuGang factory was filled with massive processing equipment, primarily for green though they make 107 different varieties, which had a very industrial feeling to it. We had some tea with the owners of DaDuGang while Austin had a long discussion about policies and international tea trade.

Transfer to Jinghong City in the late afternoon.

Day 6 Jinghong-Menghai

Sightseeing and Activities: Mengsong Tea Mountain; Nannuoshan Tea Mountain,Yunnan Tea Research Institute,Jinzheng Octagonal Pavilion
Accommodation: Menghai
Meals: Breakfast, Lunch

Drive to Mengsong Mountain and visit the ancient tea trees. Then move to Menghai County, visit Nannuo Mountain Tea Plantation and Yunnan Tea Research Institute. Nanuo is one of six tea Mountains, the origin of tea of the world; today we will visit a tea plantation with history of over 600 years old.

At Yunnan Tea Research Institute, we will be given a lecture on Yunnan minority tea culture while enjoy the tea performance of courses of Flaming Tea from Ai’Ni ethnic minority, cool mixed tea of Jinou, Earth-pot tea of La’hu and so on.

Visit Jinzheng Octagonal Pavilion, and then drive to Lancang Lahu Autonomous County. Transfer to Huimin Town which is 50 kilometers away from Lancang Lahu Autonomous County.

Day 7 Menghai County-Jingmai

Sightseeing and Activities: Jingmai and Mangjing Ancient Tea Mountains
Accommodation: Jingmai
Meals: Breakfast, Lunch

Drive to Jingmai, visit Jingmai and Mangjing Ancient Tea Mountains. The Jingmai Mangjing Ancient Tea Association consists of 209 member households from two administrative villages, namely Jingmai and Mangjing, which are composed of six natural villages. Some of the poorest populations are often ethnic minorities in border regions where the Jingmai Mangjing Ancient Tea Association is located.

The popularity of ancient tea among Chinese tea drinkers has rapidly increased in recent years and can be produced in excellent quality from Jingmai and Mangjing’s tea trees. The number of leaves picked from ancient trees is currently 10 times higher than that of the fresh leaves picked from cultivated tea plants.

The Jingmai Mangjing Tea Association makes up most of the Jingmai Ancient Tea garden, which covers an area of 1600 ha, 910 ha of which are organic. The government has declared the Jingmai Ancient Tea Garden an important area for protection and began promoting ecotourism. The government also emphasizes organic management to increase the value of tea products.

Day 8 Jingmai -Ximeng

Sightseeing and Activities:Mengsuo Dragon Pool, Wa ethnic villages
Accommodation: Ximeng
Meals: Breakfast, Lunch

After breakfast, drive to Ximeng County. Visit the Mengsuo Dragon Pool and the Wa tribal villages. The Wa Tribal people share a special connection to the ancient and wild tea trees. You will see and learn how the Wa Tribal people believe in living in harmony with nature.

Ximeng and Cangyuan counties are the main places where the Va people live in compact communities. In the areas where the Va people live, there are also Hans, Yis, Dais, Hanis, Lahus, Jingpos, Blangs, De’angs and Lisus.

Day 9 Ximeng County-Shuangjiang

Sightseeing and Activities: Fodianshan Mountain Ancient Tea
Accommodation: Shuangjiang
Meals: Breakfast, Lunch

Day 10 Shuangjiang-Lincang

Sightseeing and Activities:Bingdao Village, Mengku Daxueshan Virgin Forest
Accommodation: Lincang
Meals: Breakfast, Lunch

After a short drive we will take a light trek to a small village called Bingdao(冰岛) , which is the origin of the tea plantation in China. We will see several huge ancient tea trees over 2000 years old! We will have a chance to see this rare, unique village of the Lahu people. They are known to wear colorful, traditional clothes.

After we will have a scrumptious local lunch. Drive to Lincang City in the late afternoon.

Optional trekking tour (7 hours):

In the afternoon we will make it to the Mengku Daxueshan Virgin Forest, home to the 10, 000 Acre Wild Ancient Tea Tree Garden. The forest has a total area of 12,000 acres and a history of more than 2,500 years. It is home to over 80, 000 ancient, wild tea trees. It has the largest, oldest and highest tea trees in the world.

Day 11 Lincang-Fengqing

Sightseeing and Activities:Lincang Tea Culture and Customs Garden, Lincang Tea Factories
Accommodation: Fengqing
Meals: Breakfast, Lunch

Visit Lincang Tea Culture and Customs Garden . Lying in the suburb of the Lin Xiang District, the 110 hectare scenic zone is one of the 25 most heated attractions of Yunnan Province. Here we will get to wander through this giant tea garden as well as learn deeper of the Chinese Yunnan tea culture.

After we will see the Lincang tea factories for lessons in Lincang’s Puer. What makes Lincang Puer different and unique to the other regions of Yunnan. Drive to Fengqing County in the afternoon.

Day 12 Fengqing-Manwan

Sightseeing and Activities:Dianhong Black Tea Factory, Manwan Hydropower Station
Accommodation:
Meals:

After a hearty breakfast we will tour the famous Dianhong Black Tea factory. They have teas that are honey and chocolate like tasting that will make your mouth water for more. We will see hands on their processing methods and learn what makes this black tea so tasty and unique. They have over 200 varieties of black tea!

Drive to Manwan Town in the afternoon. Pay a visit to the Manwan Hydropower Station located in the upper Mekong River between Wuliang Mountain and Yunxian County.

Day 13 Manwan-Dali

Sightseeing and Activities:Wuliang Mountain and the Ancient Tea Forest
Accommodation: Dali
Meals: Breakfast, Lunch

Wuliang Mountain Ancient Tree Study and Trek

We will be doing some light trekking in the mountains to see the ancient tea trees growing in Wuliang Mountain and the surrounding mountains. Bring your camera for reference photos when you go home. We will study leaf identification methods, soil as well as how to distinguish ancient trees from common ones.  Afterwards we will go back to a tea house that has all certified organic ancient and wild teas for a taste test and a taste study of how to judge different Puers. Afterwards we will have a delicious banquet feast of local dishes.

Drive to Dali City.

Day 14 Dali Eco Factory Tour

Sightseeing and Activities: Ecological tea factory, Three Pagodas, Erhai Lake Cruise, Dali Ancient City Wall
Accommodation: Dali
Meals: Breakfast, Lunch

Day 15 Departure from Dali

Sightseeing and Activities:Departure from Dali
Accommodation:
Meals:

Transfer to Dali airport or train station for the departure.

Service Included:

• Transfers and tours with local English speaking guidesin private air-conditioned vehicles
• All entrance feesas mentioned in the programme
• Accommodation  with breakfast as listed;
• Meals as mentioned in the programmed

Service Excluded:

• International or domestic airfare/ train tickets : entry & departure Yunnan
• Optional tours
• Tips to the tour guides and drivers
• Personal travel insurance
• Personal expenditure, such as drinks, souvenirs, laundry, camera fees, communications, postage, gratuities etc.
• Meals and services other than mentioned in the programme
• Drinks with meals
• Chinese Visa application fees
• Early check-in and late check-out at hotels, if not mentioned in the programme

Inquiry

Dianhong black tea, also known as Yunnan red tea, is a high-quality Chinese black tea that originates from Yunnan Province in China. What distinguishes Dianhong from other Chinese black teas is its distinctive use of fine leaf buds, often referred to as “golden tips,” which contribute to its unique flavor profile and appearance.

Characteristics:

1. Appearance: Dianhong tea is characterized by its golden tips, which are abundant in higher grades of the tea. These tips are usually covered in fine hairs, giving them a distinctive appearance compared to other black teas.
2. Flavor: The brewed tea typically yields a brassy golden orange liquor, which has a sweet and gentle aroma. Unlike some other black teas, Dianhong is known for its lack of astringency, offering a smooth drinking experience.
3. Varieties:
   • Broken Yunnan (Dianhong Sui Cha): This is a lower-grade Dianhong tea used primarily for blending. It contains fewer golden buds and tends to be bitter on its own.
   • Yunnan Gold (Dianhong Gongfu Cha): This type of Dianhong has a balance of golden buds and dark tea leaves. It is prized for its distinct brassy red color and a sweet flavor that is slightly less intense than the highest grade.
   • Yunnan Pure Gold (Jinya Dianhong Cha): Considered the finest Dianhong tea, it consists solely of golden tips covered in fine hairs. It brews a bright red liquor with a gentle aroma and a sweet taste.
   • Golden Needle (Jin Zhen Cha): This variety is made entirely of golden buds, resulting in an amberish infusion with a rich flavor profile.
   • Pine Needle (Song Zhen Dianhong): A modern preparation technique that preserves the straight leaf form, resembling pine needles. This variety is a novelty in the world of black teas.

History:
Historically, teas from Yunnan were produced in a compressed form similar to modern pu’er tea. Dianhong tea, specifically focusing on the use of golden buds and a unique processing technique, emerged in the early 20th century. The term “Dian” refers to the Yunnan region, while “hong” means red (tea), thus reflecting its origin and style within the broader category of Chinese black teas.

Overall, Dianhong black tea is celebrated for its rich flavor, unique appearance, and its ability to produce a smooth and sweet brew that appeals to tea connoisseurs worldwide.

Dianhong tea (Chinese: 滇紅茶; pinyin: Diān hóng chá; literally: “Yunnan red tea”; pronounced [tjɛ́n xʊ̌ŋ ʈʂʰǎ]) is a type of relatively high-end, gourmet Chinese black tea sometimes used in various tea blends and grown in Yunnan Province, China. The main difference between Dianhong and other Chinese black teas is the amount of fine leaf buds, or “golden tips,” present in the dried tea. Dianhong teas produces a brew that is brassy golden orange in colour with a sweet, gentle aroma and no astringency. Cheaper varieties of Dianhong produce a darker brownish brew that can be very bitter.

Teas grown in Yunnan prior to the Han dynasty (206 bce – 220 ce) were typically produced in a compressed form similar to modern pu’er tea. Dian hong is a relatively new product from Yunnan that began production in the early 20th century. The word diān (滇) is the short name for the Yunnan region while hóng (紅) means “red (tea)”; as such, these teas are sometimes simply referred to as Yunnan red or Yunnan black. However, such references are often confusing due to the other varieties of teas produced in Yunnan.

Varieties

• Broken Yunnan (Chinese: 滇紅碎茶; pinyin: diānhóng suì chá): A cheap tea used for blending which contains very few golden buds and is generally bitter on its own. This tea is easily identified by the largely black dried leaves with only a few bursts of golden tips. The brew is dark and not brassy but reddish brown. The taste can sometimes be as strong as cooked pu-erh tea. Classified in Orange pekoe grading as BOP.
• Yunnan Gold (Chinese: 滇紅工夫茶, 滇紅; pinyin: diānhóng gōngfū chá): A dianhong with fewer golden buds and more dark tea leaves. It is on par with the pure gold, and is priced similarly, but makes teas with slightly different characteristics. The brew has a brassy red color different from other black teas and a vivid sweetness not quite as intense as “Yunnan pure gold”. Classified in Orange pekoe grading from OP to TGFOP.
• Yunnan Pure Gold (Chinese: 金芽滇紅茶; pinyin: jīnyá diānhóng chá): Considered the best type of Dian hong tea. It contains only golden tips, which are usually covered in fine hairs. When viewed from a distance, the dried tea appears bright orange in colour. The tea liquor is bright red in colour and exhibits a gentle aroma and a sweet taste. The leaves are reddish brown after being brewed. Classified in Orange pekoe grading from TGFOP to SFTGFOP.
• Golden needle (Chinese: 金针茶; pinyin: jīnzhēn chá) is a pure black variety of dianhong. The leaves are golden in color and yield an amberish infusion.
• Pine Needle (Chinese: 松针滇红; pinyin: Sōng zhēn diān hóng) is a preparation technology developed in the 20th century preserving straight leaf form, which makes a mix of differently coloured leaves reminiscent of old needles fallen off a pine tree. Non-curved leaves are a rather common shape for lightly-fermented green teas, however for black teas this is a novelty.

Chinese Name: 凤庆文庙
English Name: Fengqing Confucius Temple, Lincang

Fengqing Confucius Temple is a significant cultural relic in Yunnan Province, recognized as one of the key provincial reserved cultural sites since November 16, 1993. It holds the distinction of being the first Confucian temple in Western Yunnan, second only to the Confucian Temple in Jian Shui.

Historical Background

Fengqing Confucius Temple was constructed in 1606 during the 34th year of the Wang Li period of the Ming Dynasty. Originally located at the east foot of Tiger Mountain, south of the old county seat where Fengqing No. One Middle School now stands, the temple has undergone several repairs and relocations. It was moved twice, first in 1669 during the 8th year of the Kangxi period and again in 1873 during the 12th year of the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty.

The temple is now situated in the west of Fengqing County Seat, covering an area of 12,000 square meters. It is a grand complex with traditional Eastern architectural features, including the Pan Chi (a pool in front of the temple), the Gold Sound and Jade Shake Archway, Ling Xing Gate, Da Cheng Gate, the Southern and Northern Wing-rooms, Chong Sheng Feting Ancestral Hall, and Kui Xing Pavilion. Each structure is meticulously designed and laid out, reflecting the historical and cultural significance of the site.

Key Features

Pan Chi — The Pool in Front of the Temple

The Pan Chi, or “pool,” is inspired by the river pools outside imperial palaces, originally used for defensive purposes. In Fengqing Confucius Temple, the Pan Chi symbolizes the high honor given to Confucius, akin to that of emperors. The pool is 2.1 meters deep, 6.16 meters wide, and 11.6 meters long, shaped like a half-moon. It features stone railings with intricate carvings and is sometimes referred to as “Xue Hai” (the ocean of learning), emphasizing its role in the educational and cultural heritage of the temple.

Gold Sound and Jade Shake Archway — The Dragon Gate

The Dragon Gate, constructed during the Wang Li period of the Ming Dynasty, is adorned with four giant pillars carved with monstrous beasts, known as “Pi Tian Xie” or “Roaring to the Sky.” The archway’s side boards depict dragons playing with pearls in the clouds. The columns feature inscriptions such as “Han Shui” (The Han River) and “Qiu Yang” (The Autumn Sun) on the east, and “Jing Sheng” (Gold Sound) and “Yu Zheng” (Jade Shake) on the west. The Gold Sound symbolizes the enduring and harmonious nature of Confucian thought, while the Jade Shake represents success, echoing the story of the fish jumping over the Dragon Gate.

Ling Xing Gate

Ling Xing, also known as “Wengqu Xing,” is a star or constellation that controls the heavens. Naming the gate “Ling Xing Gate” signifies the high regard for Confucius, comparing his influence to that of a celestial body. The gate is supported by four main columns with stone bricks and features engraved flaming pearls. The horizontal tablets bear the characters “Ling Xing Meng,” written by Emperor Qing Long. The gate highlights the profound impact of Confucian thought on Chinese society.

Da Cheng Gate

Da Cheng Gate, the final gate of the temple, signifies “great achievements,” reflecting Mengzi’s praise of Confucius for integrating all historical achievements into his philosophy. The gate is flanked by “Yu Zheng Fan” (Jade Shake) on the left and “Jing Sheng Gate” (Gold Sound) on the right. Traditionally, the middle gate was only opened during sacrifices by the emperor or for top imperial examination graduates. It derives its name from Da Cheng Temple, emphasizing the esteemed status of Confucius.

Southern and Northern Wing-rooms

The Southern and Northern Wing-rooms, or galleries, flank Da Cheng Temple. These rooms were used to honor the 72 disciples of Confucius and other influential figures in Confucian thought.

Da Cheng Temple

As the main temple of the complex, Da Cheng Temple is the centerpiece of Fengqing Confucius Temple. Standing 16 meters high, 13 meters wide, and 18.1 meters long, it is renowned for its grandeur, alongside Tai He Temple in the Summer Palace and Luang Miao Song Tian Temple. The temple features the holy statue of Confucius and two couplets, one by Emperor Shi Zong and the other by Li Guowei, the current general secretary of Lincang city. A large bell from the Jia Qin period of the Qing Dynasty is located outside the temple, only rung during important festivals or by esteemed guests.

Chong Sheng Feting Ancestral Hall

Built in 1723 during the Yong Zheng period of the Qing Dynasty, Chong Sheng Feting Ancestral Hall was created to honor Confucius’ ancestors. It has served as a place for offering sacrifices to Confucius’ parents and his five generations of ancestors. The hall was repurposed as a “Literature and Art Hall” but was rebuilt in August 2006. Currently, a new statue of Confucius is being installed inside the hall.

Kui Xing Pavilion

Kui Xing Pavilion, also known as “Phoenix Chirping Pavilion,” was erected in 1892 during the Guang Xu period. The three-story pavilion stands 16 meters high and 11 meters wide, with a square base and hexagonal top. Located at the highest point of the County Seat, it offers panoramic views. The pavilion’s elegant design complements the temple’s historical ambiance. The surrounding grounds feature ancient pagoda trees, blooming camellias, and a pleasant fragrance of orchids, creating a serene atmosphere that evokes the educational spirit of Confucius.

Cultural Significance

Fengqing Confucius Temple embodies the traditional cultural and humanitarian values of Confucianism. Visiting the temple allows one to connect with the ancient sage and experience the enduring legacy of Confucian teachings. The architectural splendor and historical depth of the temple make it a living testament to the cultural heritage and educational principles of ancient China.

Chinese Name: 凤庆诗礼乡古墨村

English Name: Gumo Village in Fengqing County, Lincang

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Gumo Village Overview:

Gumo Village, located in Shili Township of Fengqing County, Lincang, is a charming and tranquil village characterized by its traditional stone architecture. The village’s streets are paved with stone slabs, and its houses, walls, and roofs are all constructed from local stone. Even the tables and benches in the courtyards are made from stone, and old stone mills, abandoned for centuries, are preserved here. This is the authentic Gumo Village, a reflection of its rich historical and cultural heritage.

Scenic Beauty and Location:

Gumo Village is situated several kilometers down a mountain path from the Shili Township government office. The village’s access road is rugged and uneven, making it seem like a world apart from modernity. This isolation has preserved its traditional charm, with beautiful natural resources such as water-powered mills and meandering rivers remaining intact. Most of the village still retains the rural characteristics and style of pre-1980s China.

As you approach Gumo Village, you can see the white stone houses emerging from the landscape. The stone-paved paths are worn by the hooves of passing cattle and sheep, and the clanging of bells from mule trains adds to the village’s nostalgic atmosphere. In the village’s heart, a clear stream called the “Wandering River” flows gently. The ancient walnut trees lining the riverbanks create a picturesque scene against the backdrop of a clear blue sky. A simple wooden bridge across the river connects the village’s homes.

Historical and Cultural Context:

Gumo Village is steeped in history, benefiting from the legacy of the ancient Tea Horse Road. The village has a strong Confucian cultural influence, and its name, “Gumo,” reflects its historical connection to ink production in ancient times. However, local traditions and the abundance of natural stone have shaped the village’s unique culture.

Gumo Village’s history is intertwined with the Tea Horse Road, a crucial trade route for tea and horses. The village’s architecture and lifestyle are a testament to its historical and cultural significance, with traditional practices like stone grinding for tea still prevalent.

Stone Architecture and Usage:

Due to the challenging transportation conditions, the local people have relied on the abundant stone resources for construction and daily life. The village is characterized by its stone-paved paths, stone walls, stone roofs, and stone furniture. This traditional use of stone extends to the tools and equipment used in daily life, including stone mills and mortars.

Water Mills:

The “Wandering River” nourishes the village’s crops and powers the water mills that have been a central part of village life for generations. These mills are located along the river and vary in size and function. Some are small, single-mill structures, while others, known as “couple mills,” are larger and more complex, with stone wheels and channels that grind grain into flour. Despite the passage of time, many of these mills remain operational, reflecting the village’s resilience and adaptation.

Tourism and Preservation:

Gumo Village’s rustic charm and well-preserved cultural heritage have attracted increasing attention. The village has been featured in a television drama about “Dianhong” tea and is becoming a popular destination for those seeking a glimpse into traditional Yunnan culture. The villagers, young and old, are skilled in poetry and calligraphy, creating beautiful couplets for various occasions.

Gumo Village has gained recognition as a “Traditional Chinese Village,” a “Summer Resort Town of China in 2013,” and one of the “Most Beautiful Villages in China in 2014.” Despite its growing fame, it remains relatively under-visited due to its remote location, but this is expected to change in the coming years.

Travel Information:

• Location: Gumo Village is in Shili Township, Fengqing County, Lincang City, Yunnan Province. It is 112.6 kilometers from the county seat, bordered by Qinghua Village to the east, Tuanjie Village to the south, Hebian Village to the west, and Paifang Village to the north.
• Transportation:
  • By Bus: Take a bus from Fengqing to Shili; the fare is about 32 yuan. The journey takes around 4 hours. From Shili to Gumo Village is a 6-kilometer journey on a rural road with no regular bus service. Walking is required; follow the rural road from the village’s bus station, and you can also explore parts of the old Tea Horse Road along the way.
  • By Car: Drive from Kunming to Fengqing, then to Shili, and finally to Gumo Village. The route from Fengqing to Shili is a mountain road, and the road from Shili to Gumo is a rural path that may be challenging.
• Accommodation: There are guesthouses and inns available in Gumo Village.
• Travel Tips:
  • The village’s paths are paved with stone slabs. While these are manageable in dry weather, they can become slippery in the rain, so wear non-slip footwear.
  • The average annual temperature is 17°C, with summer temperatures not exceeding 27°C. The region is a high-altitude area with occasional rain, so bring waterproof gear.

Gumo Village offers a unique blend of historical charm, natural beauty, and cultural richness, making it a fascinating destination for those interested in traditional Yunnanese life and heritage.

Chinese Name: 凤庆鲁史镇塘房村
English Name: Tangfang Stone Village in Fengqing County, Lincang
Region: Lincang City, Yunnan Province, China
Specific Location: Hehe Village, Lushi Town, Fengqing County
Distance: Approximately 20 kilometers from Lushi Town

Historical Significance

Tea Horse Road: Tangfang Village is an integral part of the ancient Tea Horse Road, a historic trade route that connected China with Tibet and other regions. This route was crucial for the trade of tea and horses, as well as other goods, between China and its neighboring regions.
Cultural Heritage: The village is recognized as a national historical and cultural heritage site and is one of China’s ancient traditional villages. It served as a significant resting place for caravans, travelers, and merchants, contributing to its historical name.

Architectural Features

Stone Construction:

• Traditional Stone Houses: The village’s architecture features houses constructed from stone slabs, including the roofs, walls, and foundations. Stone elements are prevalent throughout, including doorposts, courtyards, and various tools.
• Stone Paths and Features: The village is characterized by stone-paved roads, stone water channels, garden ridges, and numerous stone artifacts like troughs, basins, benches, and mills. Even tools for roasting tea and cooking are made of stone.

Cultural and Economic Aspects

Tea Production:

• Green Stone Slab Tea: Tangfang Village is known for its tea production, particularly the green stone slab tea. This tea-making tradition reflects the village’s historical connection to the Tea Horse Road.
• Historical Tea Trade: The village’s tea trade has historical roots, with stories of merchants buying tea at high prices and villagers receiving tea seeds from traders.

Local Traditions:

• Tea Culture: The village’s daily life includes traditional tea practices, with breakfast often consisting of tea rather than fried dishes. Local elderly people are skilled in brewing Baidou Tea, a traditional tea from the area.

Tourism and Preservation

Scenic Beauty:

• Natural Environment: The village is surrounded by beautiful natural scenery, with ancient trees and stone buildings that blend harmoniously with the landscape. It was listed as one of China’s top 100 summer resorts in 2014 and is among the first ten low-carbon “Hengchun Towns” in Lincang City.

Tourist Appeal:

• Preservation and Attractions: Tangfang Village has preserved a well-maintained section of the Tea Horse Road, with visible hoofprints and historical remnants. Despite its somewhat desolate appearance today, it continues to attract visitors interested in its historical charm and stone architecture.

Historical and Modern Context

Tea Horse Road Legacy:

• Historical Route: The “Shunxia Line,” part of the Tea Horse Road from Shunning (Fengqing County) to Xiaguan, was a major route for tea trade before 1913. Tangfang Village was an important stop for resting horses and trading goods.

Modern Changes:

• Decline and Revival: Although the caravan trade along the Tea Horse Road has declined, and local horse caravans are no longer active, the village’s traditional charm and tea-making culture continue to attract tourists.

Tourism Impact:

• Visitor Experience: Visitors to Tangfang Village can experience traditional stone architecture, enjoy locally brewed tea, and appreciate the village’s historical significance. The growing popularity of tourism is expected to further revitalize the village.

Unique Characteristics

Architectural Structure:

• Stone and Wood Construction: The stone slab houses appear entirely made of stone externally, but they are supported by wooden frameworks. This structural combination ensures that the houses remain comfortable in varying weather conditions.

Local Climate and Comfort:

• Climate Adaptability: The stone slab houses offer warmth in winter and coolness in summer, contributing to the village’s appeal. Despite modern attempts to replicate its architecture elsewhere, the unique atmosphere of Tangfang Village remains unmatched.

Tangfang Village stands as a remarkable example of historical preservation and traditional culture, continuing to captivate visitors with its rich heritage and picturesque setting.

There is a beautiful ,quiet, and peaceful village in Fengqing Lushi Town which is called Tangfang Village. It was one of the important stops along the Tea Horse Ancient Road and about 11 kilometers from Lushi Town. On the curved mountain way to Lushi Town, you can see many cows and sheep, also the walnut trees everywhere.

On arriving in Tangfang Village, rare Stone House can be seen everywhere as well.

The Stone Village enjoys a well reputation——the village on the stones.

Obviously, the walls were built by stone, and the roof was built by thin slate. Walnut trees, stone houses, and vegetable fields add radiance and charm to each other.

Tangfang Village is a place with about 700 years history along the Tea House Ancient Road. In ancient times, caravan carried tea, walnut, and herb passed here.

 

Tangfang Village is a paradise ,a stone world ,and the most beautiful village in Fengqing County.The stone walls , chicken, magnolia, peach blossom and palm trees here forms a unique natural landscape.The elegant white camellia is in blooms ,welcome to visit the tranquil village and experience our tranquil stone village.

Chinese Name:凤庆县峡山茶业公司
English Name: Xiashan Ecological Tea Company in Fengqing County, Lincang

①Xiashan Ecological Tea Company in Fengqing county,Lincang(凤庆县峡山茶业公司) which predecessor was a primary processing factory in Xiashan(峡山初制所) ,was established in 1952,has the history of nearly 64 years. The company is a principally engaged in tea processing, sales and tea culture transmission private enterprise. The company based in northern Mengyou town(勐佑镇) , which belongs to Fengqing county(凤庆县), Mengyou town, Xinlin village committee(新林村委会), 50 kilometers from the county town of Fengqing , 12 kilometers from Mengyou town. The company has two primary processing factories and a original ecology organic tea plantation, covering an area of 21.64 acres. Among that, building area is 5600 square meters, office complex covers 500 square meters, processing workshop covers 4100 square meters, storage covers 1000 square meters.

The company has two clean Congou black tea production lines and one clean Congou green tea production line . It’s annual production of black tea is 1500 ton, production of green tea is 200 ton. The company’s fixed asserts are 60 million, existing staff 61people, annual sales more than 20 million , the area of service plantation more than 10000 acres , service tea farmers more than 3000 households. The company’s agricultural output nearly 30 million, products are extremely welcomed by consumers,and selling very well in Beijing,Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou and so on . The black tea of “classic golden needle ” has won gold award at Beijing International Tea Expo in 2015(北京国际茶叶博览会) , the market share of company’s products gradually increased .

②The company has obtained the national industrial production license in 2012，was firmly believed as leading enterprise of agricultural industrialization in Lincang city in 2013,and the brand of“Xiashan”(“峡山”) has obtained the title of“Lincang city’s well– known trademark ”(“临沧市知名商标”). The products of Xiashan were evaluated as “agricultural brand name product ”(“云南名牌农产品”) in Yunnan by agricultural department of Yunnan province in 2014. 2015, the company was firmly believed as leading enterprise of agricultural industrialization by agricultural industrialization leading group of Yunan province.

③At the end of 2015, The company’s total asserts were 74 million and 650 thousand yuan ,total indebtedness was 5million and 930 thousand yuan,debt–to –asserts ratio was 7.94 percent, total profit was 5 million, and 241thousand, paid in amount is13 thousand and 93 hundred yuan.The production and operation of the enterprise are in good condition.

④For years，Xiashan company not only develop its own，but also help masses get rich.

⑤On the one hand,the company positively take part in the project of “enterprises to co–work with villages”(“村企共建”),following the mode of company——cooperative——base—— household(“公司—合作社—基地—农户” ),carry out “contract farming ”(“订单农业”) management with more than 10000 acres plantations and three thousand households. That is,the company establishes organic tea management norm,production standards，peaking standards，acquisition time and purchase price, signs acquisition agreement with farmers,then farmers according to the company’s demands,organize production and sell fresh tea to company.In this way，solve the farmers sales woe because of long distance. The company provide farmers more than 30 yuan tea incomes every year.

⑥On the other hand，the company changes the traditional tea production mode,develops organic tea production positively,at the base of 1500 acres organic tea plantations,strives to enlarge the covering of organic tea plantation,advocates no fertilizers，no pesticides,products according to organic norm,the company purchases the organic fresh tea with the price higher than market twice, thus benefits farmers and encourages their enthusiasm to product organic tea,Improve the company’s products’ quality,enhance products’ market competitiveness. Not only the company obtains good economic results，but also the farmers increase incomes more than 15 million yuan , achieve mutually benefit and win–win between company and farmers.
Translate by  Gao Yuming/高雨明

Chinese Name:  临沧市凤庆县鲁史镇老道箐村老议山村
English Name: Laoyishan Village of Lushi Town in Fengqing County, Lincang

Laoyishan Village is located in Laoshi Town, Fengqing County, Lincang City, Yunnan Province, China. It is situated in a mountainous region. The village is 3 kilometers from the village committee and 18 kilometers from the town center. Covering an area of 2.63 square kilometers, Laoyishan Village is at an elevation of 2,033 meters. The average annual temperature is 16.00°C, with an annual precipitation of 1,700 millimeters, making it suitable for growing crops such as corn and wheat.

Laoyishan is named after the local wildlife and its phonetic similarity to the name of the birds commonly found in the area. Originally known as “Laoyan Mountain” due to the abundance of wild geese, it later evolved into “Laoyishan.” In 2017, Laoyishan Village was designated as a traditional Chinese village.