Overview

The Huocang Cemetery Group (火葬墓群) in Duohuo Village (多祜村), Midu County (弥渡县), is a significant archaeological site that showcases the burial practices and cultural heritage of the region. This site provides insights into the local customs, historical development, and social structure of the communities that once thrived here.

Historical Significance

The cemetery group consists of multiple cremation burial sites, reflecting the historical preference for cremation among the local population. It is believed that these sites date back to the Ming (明) and Qing (清) dynasties, highlighting the rich historical tapestry of Duohuo Village.

Architectural Features

The graves exhibit unique architectural styles, combining traditional Chinese burial customs with local influences. The structures are often adorned with intricate carvings and designs that symbolize various cultural beliefs, providing a window into the spiritual life of the community.

Cultural Insights

Visitors to the Huocang Cemetery Group can gain a deeper understanding of the local customs surrounding death and mourning. The site also serves as a reminder of the importance of ancestral worship in Chinese culture, where respect for the deceased plays a crucial role in community identity.

How to Get There

To reach the Huocang Cemetery Group in Duohuo Village, travel from Dali City (大理市) via public transport or by car. The journey typically takes about 1.5 to 2 hours.

Travel Tips

• Consider hiring a local guide to enhance your understanding of the site and its historical context.
• Visit during the dry season for better accessibility.
• Respect the cultural significance of the site; avoid loud noises and be mindful of local customs.

Introduction

Mouni Temple (牟尼庵) is located on a small ridge west of Zhusheng Temple (祝圣寺) in Jizu Mountain (鸡足山), Binchuan County (宾川县), Yunnan Province (云南省). Situated at an altitude of under 3,248 meters, it faces the Yulong Waterfall (玉龙瀑布) to the south and a mountain stream to the west. Due to its strategic location, Mouni Temple has historically been a crucial stop for pilgrims heading to the Yulong Waterfall and those ascending the mountain for worship. This significance is reflected in many ancient travel writings about Jizu Mountain, where terms like “teahouse” or “Mouni Temple” are frequently mentioned.

Historical Background

During the Ming Dynasty (明代), specifically in the Jiajing era (嘉靖年间), a monk named Yang Shen (杨慎) resided in the temple and decided to live there permanently to compile the “Jizu Mountain Chronicle” (鸡足山志). Unfortunately, the temple suffered a fire, destroying his manuscript, which led Yang to write a poem on the wall before leaving the mountain.

Other notable temples nearby include Taizi Pavilion (太子阁), Shizhong Temple (石钟寺), Jiguan Temple (寂光寺), Shengfeng Temple (圣峰寺), Huayan Temple (华严寺), Chuan Yi Temple (传衣寺), Dajue Temple (大觉寺), Sitian Temple (悉檀寺), Longhua Temple (龙华寺), Sanmo Temple (三摩寺), Lei Yin Temple (雷音寺), Biyun Temple (碧云寺), Fangguang Temple (放光寺), Nianhua Temple (拈花寺), Mile Courtyard (弥勒院), Zunsheng Pagoda Courtyard (尊胜塔院), Yuanjing Temple (圆净庵), Fayun Courtyard (法云院), Dazhi Temple (大智庵), Bajiao Temple (八角庵), Shuiyue Temple (水月庵), Guanyin Pavilion (观音阁), and Dabeige (大悲阁).

Mouni Temple’s Historical Significance

According to historical records, during the Jiajing era, a monk noticed many pilgrims to the waterfall suffering from thirst. He built a thatched hut on the ridge to provide tea, earning the nickname “teahouse.” After a fire destroyed it, a man named Yang Zhou (杨周) rebuilt it as Mouni Temple and appointed a monk named Zhikong (智空) as the abbot, leading to its current name.

Local legends suggest that the site of Mouni Temple resembled a round seal, marking where Shakyamuni Buddha (释迦牟尼佛) once meditated. As a result, the temple was naturally named Mouni Temple. Two significant Ming Dynasty travelogues reference the “teahouse”: one by the renowned scholar Li Yuanyang (李元阳) titled “Journey to Jizu Mountain” (游鸡足山记) and another by Zhou Fuyun (周复俊), an official from Jiangsu Province (江苏省), also titled “Journey to Jizu Mountain.”

In 1639, renowned traveler Xu Xiake (徐霞客) visited Jizu Mountain and noted Mouni Temple multiple times, solidifying its place in history.

A notable story related to Mouni Temple recounts the unfortunate event when Yang Shen was exiled for offending the Jiajing Emperor. While waiting for a friend at the teahouse, it caught fire, destroying his writings. He lamented this loss in a poem left on the remaining wall:

“方知太古淳然在，自悔文章一画多。漫拨雪中消焰烬，寻思议礼竟如何？”

(May I realize that the essence of ancient times endures, yet regret that my writings were lost. How should I contemplate ritual amidst the ashes of this burnt snow?)

Over the years, Mouni Temple has faced multiple fires but has been rebuilt each time. The government allocated funds for restoration in 1952 and 1963. However, it faced total destruction during the Cultural Revolution (文化大革命). Today, only two simple houses remain, with the main hall yet to be restored.

Despite its challenges, a unique tree known as Mouni Cypress (牟尼柏) has survived. This tree, also known as Sanhui Cypress (三会柏), features three distinct trunks, each sprouting three types of leaves: flat-leaved cypress, round-leaved cypress, and needle-leaved cypress. Despite various attempts to cultivate it, botanists have not succeeded. The age of this remarkable tree remains unknown.

How to Get There

To reach Mouni Temple in Binchuan County, travelers can fly to Dali Airport (大理机场) and then take a bus or taxi to Jizu Mountain. From the base of Jizu Mountain, local transport options or hiking trails can guide you to Mouni Temple.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: The ideal seasons for visiting are spring and autumn when the weather is pleasant.
• Preparation: Bring sufficient water, as the temple is a hiking destination, and facilities may be limited.
• Respect Local Customs: As a pilgrimage site, visitors should maintain a respectful demeanor and adhere to local customs.
• Photography: Capture the breathtaking scenery, but be mindful of other visitors and the spiritual atmosphere.

Overview

The Hall of Kasyapa Matanga, also known as the Copper Roof Hall (铜瓦殿) or the Chuan Deng Temple (传灯寺), is located at the foot of Jizushan (鸡足山) in Binchuan County (宾川县). It is the largest temple in Jizushan, historically known as Tianzhi (天咫). Due to its strategic location, it is said that “Kasyapa lights the way to the golden summit.” Revered as the ancestral temple of all temples in the mountains, it plays a significant role in the region’s Buddhist culture.

Jizushan is recognized as a prominent Buddhist site in South Asia and Southeast Asia, one of China’s top ten sacred mountains, and the location of Kasyapa Bodhisattva’s (迦叶菩萨) spiritual activities. It serves as a convergence point for Chinese Han and Tibetan Buddhism and is the birthplace of Zen Buddhism, earning it nicknames such as “The Most Beautiful Mountain in the World,” “The Buddhist Capital of Lingshan,” and “The First Buddha Mountain of Huaxia.”

Historical Significance

Over two thousand years ago, Kasyapa, the disciple of Shakyamuni Buddha, attained enlightenment at Jizushan, establishing its esteemed status in the Buddhist world. During the Yuan (元) and Ming (明) dynasties, the area flourished, developing into a complex of 71 monasteries centered around the Hall of Kasyapa. At its peak, it included 36 temples and 72 hermitages, housing thousands of monks and nuns.

The famous monk Xuanzang (玄奘) recorded in his book, “The Great Tang Records on the Western Regions” (大唐西域记), that Kasyapa foresaw his impending Nirvana and passed on the teachings to Ananda (阿南), carrying the Buddha’s robe to the misty Jizushan. He vowed to use his divine powers to preserve his body and passed on the robe to Maitreya (弥勒) when he would come to visit after 67 billion years.

This vow led to the creation of the Huashou Gate (华首门), a legendary entrance through which a monk is said to visit daily, embodying the spirit of Kasyapa.

Cultural Heritage

In 1889, Master Xuyun (虚云) prayed earnestly at Huashou Gate, and suddenly, three bell chimes echoed from the stone gate, resonating through the valley. He wrote:

“西来福地拥禅观，绝壁悬岩耸翠鬟。洞里天机千万劫，门前月色几重山。”
“In the blessed land from the West, the zen temple embraces the high cliffs and green peaks. Within the cave, the mysteries transcend countless ages; before the gate, the moonlight reveals many mountains.”

The surrounding fog and mist create an ethereal atmosphere, especially during autumn and winter when red leaves blanket the mountains. Jizushan is celebrated for its majestic, perilous, strange, beautiful, and tranquil features. The famous traveler Xu Xiake (徐霞客) praised it, saying, “All sights are gathered within,” while the renowned painter Xu Beihong (徐悲鸿) noted, “The Lingjiu Mountain is a desolate land, incomparable to the majestic Jizushan.”

Attractions

Copper Roof Hall (铜瓦殿)

To the left of the Copper Roof Hall, a large stone rises, resembling a monk’s robe with its blue and white veined patterns.

Huashou Gate (华首门)

Located 100 meters to the right of the Copper Roof Hall, Huashou Gate is known as “The First Gate in the World.” On either side stand two small white pagodas, each about 7 meters tall, known as the “Twin Towers of Drinking Light” (饮光双塔), built during the Ming dynasty (明) and well-preserved.

Pathways

The shortcut to the Copper Roof Hall leads down from Jinding Temple (金顶寺), descending through the Cliffs of Self-Sacrifice (舍身崖). This path offers a breathtaking view as one approaches the Copper Roof Hall.

Scenic Experience

Upon reaching the Copper Roof Hall, the view is stunning, with the roof of the hall made entirely of copper gleaming in the sunlight. The surrounding environment offers a picturesque backdrop for photos, giving the impression of sitting atop a copper roof.

The entrance features ancient trees that catch the eye. With over 85% forest coverage, the climate is mild, supporting diverse vegetation. Visitors can touch moss-covered trunks, breathe in the scent of blooming flowers, or even meditate alongside ancient stones, feeling a sense of tranquility in the air.

Travel Information

How to Get There

• Location: The Hall of Kasyapa Matanga is located in Binchuan County, Dali (大理宾川县鸡足山).
• By Car: From Dali City, take G214 to Binchuan County. Follow local signs to Jizushan. The journey takes approximately 1.5 hours.
• Public Transport: Buses from Dali to Binchuan are available. Once in Binchuan, local transport can take you to Jizushan.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: Autumn and winter for beautiful foliage and cooler temperatures.
• Dress Comfortably: Wear sturdy shoes as you may encounter uneven terrain and steps.
• Photography: Capture the stunning views and spiritual ambiance. Early morning or late afternoon light is ideal.
• Respect Local Customs: As a sacred site, be mindful of the practices and beliefs of visitors and locals.

Overview

The Haishao Reservoir (海稍水库) is primarily used for flood control, water storage, and flow regulation, serving multiple functions. As of now, Dali Prefecture (大理州) has a total of 714 reservoirs, which not only guarantee water supply for the daily needs of the local population but also promote economic and social development throughout the region. These reservoirs play crucial roles in peak shaving, flood protection, water irrigation, and more. Let’s explore the most notable reservoirs in Dali Prefecture!

The Most Productive – Haishao Reservoir

Annual Water Supply: 46.4212 million cubic meters

The Haishao Reservoir is located in Haishao Village (海稍村), Qiaodian Town (乔甸镇), Binchuan County (宾川县), part of the Jinsha River (金沙江) system. The catchment area covers 591.80 square kilometers. The dam is made of clay weathered materials, standing 33.80 meters high with a total storage capacity of 52.31 million cubic meters. Designed for an annual water supply of 46.4212 million cubic meters, it irrigates 66,000 acres of farmland and provides flood protection for 50,000 residents in the state capital and downstream areas. Construction began in 1957, and the reservoir was put into operation in 1963, with fortification works completed in 2002. Currently, it is the largest reservoir in Dali Prefecture, undergoing expansion.

The Oldest – Youfengba Reservoir

Established: 1455

Youfengba Reservoir (游丰坝水库) is located in the mountainous area of Cun’de Village (存德村), Xiangcheng Town (祥城镇), Xiangyun County (祥云县), part of the Honghe River (红河) system. Originally built in the sixth year of the Ming Dynasty (1455), it was renovated several times, including major repairs in 1730 and 1736. After being abandoned due to heavy rains in 1939, it was redesigned and completed in 1965. The dam stands 18.61 meters high with a total capacity of 1.748 million cubic meters, primarily for irrigation purposes while also providing water supply to towns.

The Largest Capacity – Cibi Lake Reservoir

Total Capacity: 91.6 million cubic meters

Cibi Lake Reservoir (茈碧湖水库) is located 3 kilometers northeast of Eryuan County (洱源县) at an altitude of 2057.5 meters. Built in 1955, the artificial dam spans 6325.8 meters. Over the years, the reservoir’s capacity has reached 91.6 million cubic meters, with a flood control capacity of 17.8 million cubic meters and an annual water supply of 25 million cubic meters. It irrigates 98,000 acres and protects 192,900 residents, maintaining a water quality of Class II or above.

The Highest Elevation – Fengyu River Reservoir

Dam Height: 2914.5 meters

The Fengyu River Reservoir (凤羽河水库) is situated in the western part of Eryuan County, approximately 3 kilometers southeast of Luoping Mountain (罗坪山). It is a key water source project initiated during the 12th Five-Year Plan, construction starting in April 2013 and completed in June 2016. The reservoir has a total capacity of 4.022 million cubic meters, primarily for agricultural irrigation while also supporting rural drinking water and flood prevention.

The Tallest – Laojun Mountain Reservoir

Dam Height: 88 meters

Located on the upper reaches of the Misha River (弥沙河) in Jianchuan County (剑川县), the Laojun Mountain Reservoir (老君山水库) features a total capacity of 8.164 million cubic meters. The dam is constructed from clay and rock, standing 88 meters tall, with an annual water supply of 13.048 million cubic meters, primarily for agricultural irrigation.

The Most Spacious – Haixi Hai Reservoir

Utilizable Capacity: 41.94 million cubic meters

Located in Niujie Township (牛街乡) of Eryuan County, the Haixi Hai Reservoir (海西海水库) began construction in 1958 and underwent expansion from 1990 to 1995. After anti-seepage treatments in 2001-2002, its total capacity reached 61.854 million cubic meters, with a flood control capacity of 8.75 million cubic meters. The reservoir is vital for agricultural irrigation, protecting 100,000 residents and effectively irrigating 83,000 acres.

Haishao Fish

Origin: Dali Binchuan

Dali Haishao Fish (大理宾川海稍鱼) is renowned for its delicate texture and exquisite flavor, sourced from local water and primarily made with white-scaled fish (白鳞鱼). The fish is prepared using fresh ingredients to preserve its quality.

Cooking Methods

• Ingredients:
  • Main: 2000g white-scaled fish
  • Seasonings: Dried chili peppers, salt, MSG, Sichuan pepper, black pepper, lettuce seed oil, garlic, green onions, ginger, coriander, and sugar.

Cooking Instructions

1. Clean and cut the fish into pieces.
2. Prepare the dipping sauce with ground dried chili, garlic, and sesame.
3. For sour and spicy fish: Heat oil, fry half of the fish, season, and simmer.
4. For clear soup fish: Heat oil, fry aromatics, add fish, and simmer.

How to Get There

To reach Haishao Reservoir in Binchuan County, take public transport or self-drive from Dali City (大理市). The journey takes approximately one hour.

Travel Tips

• Visit during the dry season for the best water clarity.
• Try the local Haishao Fish at nearby eateries for an authentic experience.
• Bring along a camera to capture the beautiful scenery of the reservoir and surrounding nature.

Overview of Guanyinqing

Guanyinqing (观音箐) is located in the western part of Binchuan County (宾川县), approximately 12 kilometers from the county seat. Known as the “West Gate” of Binchuan, it is part of the Daying Township (大营镇) and the Pulianpeng Administrative Village (普连棚), situated at an elevation of 1,670 meters. The area boasts a pleasant average temperature of 25°C and receives an annual rainfall of 600 mm. With its lush vegetation and abundant sunlight, Guanyinqing is an ideal location for summer retreats and tourism. It is conveniently located 19 kilometers from the county seat and 40 kilometers from Xiaguan (下关), acting as a crucial transport hub on the road from Xiaguan to Panzhihua (攀枝花), Dukou (渡口), Yongsheng (永胜), Huaping (华坪), and Jizu Mountain (鸡足山). The area offers excellent transportation links, being just half an hour from Dali Airport (大理机场) and the railway station.

Unique Tourism Resources

Guanyinqing possesses distinctive tourism resources characterized by its unique natural environment and significant cultural background. The area is seen as the “backdoor” (前檐) of Jizu Mountain, a pilgrimage site for Buddhist followers. The saying, “不烧回头香，枉朝鸡足山” (“If you don’t burn the return incense, your pilgrimage to Jizu Mountain is in vain”) highlights its spiritual importance, especially on the 19th day of the second lunar month, when throngs of devotees visit, ensuring that the incense offerings at Guanyin Pavilion (观音阁) remain vibrant.

Visitors can savor local specialties at nearby eateries, with dishes like “Pao Pi Ni Qiao” (泡皮泥鳅) and “Long Quan Shuan Yang Rou” (龙泉涮羊肉) having been recognized at the Dali Food Culture Festival in 2004. Guanyinqing has evolved into a prime destination for tourism, adventure, leisure, and dining, attracting countless visitors drawn by its charm.

The area is enriched by its unique Buddhist cultural significance, distinctive cuisine, simple folk customs, and the beautiful natural scenery of Kongtong Mountain (崆峒山). Local initiatives are underway to develop Guanyinqing into a tourist village that integrates sightseeing, leisure, dining, and cultural experiences.

Guanyinqing Temple Fair and Architecture

Guanyinqing is located 20 kilometers southwest of Binchuan County. It is bordered by the “Dayong” Expressway to the west and Fengtai Road (凤太公路) to the east, with the ancient village of Shuichang (水长古村) to the east and the steep cliffs of Kongtong Mountain to the north. The area is characterized by fragrant orchids, ancient trees, towering cliffs, and unique rock formations, where the soothing sounds of temple bells and chants fill the air. A poem describes its beauty:

“青山绿水险峰峨，幽静寺院从中落。
虽非海外蓬莱岛，仙境仙造万古磨。”

From the valley, one can observe the formidable rocks and ancient trees, with the sound of nature providing a serene backdrop. Walking along the stone paths of Guanyinqing, visitors may hear the melodious calls of birds and insects, creating an enchanting atmosphere that feels like stepping into a picturesque painting.

Guanyinqing is home to several notable buildings, including Guanyin Pavilion (观音阁), Thunder God Temple (雷神殿), Wenzu Zen Temple (文祖禅院), and Pudu Bridge (普渡桥). Historical inscriptions date back to the 14th year of the Jiajing Era (1535) and the 49th year of the Kangxi Era (1710), adding to its cultural significance.

Architectural Highlights

The Guanyin Pavilion is constructed atop a cliff behind the Wenzu Zen Temple, known as a “hanging temple” (悬空寺). The pavilion is uniquely secured by iron chains on its eastern, western, and northern sides, standing as the only ancient Buddhist structure in Binchuan built on a perilous cliff. Its elegant architecture features a single-eaved pavilion structure, with the roof gracefully extending outward, reminiscent of a celestial being poised to ascend.

Upon entering Guanyin Pavilion, visitors are greeted by a magnificent statue of Guanyin. Legend has it that the original statue was a rare sandalwood carving offered by the daughter of Zhu Yuanzhang (朱元璋) during her pilgrimage to Jizu Mountain, though its current location is unknown.

Festivals and Local Culture

Guanyinqing has become a popular destination for incense offerings, particularly during the birth anniversary of Guanyin Bodhisattva on the 19th day of the second lunar month. Visitors from Kunming (昆明), Dali (大理), Lijiang (丽江), Eryuan (洱源), and Binchuan flock to the area for scenic views, prayers, and local delicacies. The roads leading to the site are lined with vendors selling local products, snacks, and souvenirs, creating a lively atmosphere filled with laughter, chanting, and local music.

In February 1989, the Binchuan County government designated Guanyin Pavilion as a cultural heritage site, ensuring its preservation for future generations.

Location

• Address: 40 kilometers from the county seat of Binchuan, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province (云南省大理州宾川县州府下关40公里)

Opening Hours

• Open all day

How to Get There

Guanyinqing is easily accessible via road. Visitors can drive or take public transport from Xiaguan (下关) or other major cities in Yunnan Province. The nearest airport is Dali Airport, which connects to various cities across China.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: The ideal time to visit is during spring and autumn when the weather is pleasant.
• Local Cuisine: Don’t miss trying local dishes at roadside eateries, which offer a taste of authentic Yunnan cuisine.
• Respect Local Customs: As a spiritual site, visitors should be respectful during their visit, especially during religious ceremonies.
• Bring Cash: Some local vendors may not accept credit cards, so it’s advisable to carry cash for purchases.

Location and Overview

Guanyin Temple (观音寺) is located 56 kilometers from the county town of Binchuan (宾川), nestled 2 kilometers northeast of Pingchuan Town (平川镇), at the foot of Niujiao Mountain (牛角山) and Mu Yu Mountain (木鱼山). The temple is perched on a cliff, with the Guanyin Hall (观音殿) hidden beneath it, surrounded by peculiar rock formations, ancient trees, and hanging vines. In front of the temple, a stone arch bridge spans clear waters, with a gentle stream flowing nearby, creating a pleasant climate and thriving ecology.

Historical Significance

The temple was established in the first year of the Wanli period during the Ming Dynasty (1573), initiated by the Governor of Yunnan, Zou Yinglong (邹应龙), from Xi’an, Shaanxi Province (陕西西安). In 2005, the local government invested over one million yuan to develop the temple, renovating Longquan Pool (龙泉池), paving a stone road from Jiangwai Village (江外村) to Guanyin Temple, and constructing Guanyin Temple Park (观音寺公园). Covering over 3,000 square meters, the temple complex features a central axis layout with three levels and six halls, integrating natural scenery, cultural heritage, and religious significance. In 1989, it was designated as a key cultural heritage site, and in 2005, it became a center for cultural activities, tourism, elderly services, and religious affairs management.

Cultural Traditions

Every year during the lunar new year, particularly from the first to the fifteenth day, Pingchuan holds a lively lion dance (闹狮灯) tradition. After breakfast, locals gather at Guanyin Temple to enjoy the festivities. As visitors approach the temple, they encounter neatly arranged vendors selling delicious local snacks, including hot Zhu Kula coffee (朱苦拉咖啡), sizzling Huang Jian Liangfen (黄煎凉粉), sweet sugar residue (糖渣), and soft rice vermicelli (米凉虾), creating a bustling market atmosphere.

The performance venue is always packed, featuring over 20 artistic groups presenting more than 30 vibrant programs, such as “Warmly Welcome You to Pingchuan” (热忱欢迎你到平川来) and traditional lantern dance shows. The songs and dances convey the warm hospitality of the Pingchuan people, leaving a lasting impression on the audience.

The Pingchuan lion dance is a centuries-old intangible cultural heritage. Performers use lion, deer, and crane props, blending music with drama, acrobatics, and dance, while incorporating auspicious phrases for a joyful celebration, creating a festive atmosphere filled with cheer and harmony.

Personal Reflections

For many children raised in Pingchuan, Guanyin Temple holds cherished memories. As a child, I would gaze at the temple from my family’s ancient well, its dark green trees resembling a large umbrella over our small courtyard. The nearby fields of lotus made for a fragrant journey as we walked along familiar paths into the temple’s embrace.

The temple stands proudly against the majestic Niujiao Mountain, known for its shape resembling a water buffalo’s horn. Local lore tells of a cave where water from the Dragon King Temple (龙王庙) flows, nourishing the fertile lands. Although recent droughts have diminished the water flow, the legend remains.

Guanyin Temple’s stone arch bridge, with its historic inscriptions, connects us to the labor and lives of past generations. Upon approaching the temple’s grand entrance, one feels a deep respect for its enduring presence, built upon a massive rock that evokes childhood memories and a lifelong fascination with unique stones.

Community Events and Activities

Every New Year, the temple buzzes with activity—cultural performances, dragon dances, and a bustling market atmosphere. The local community often engages in selling handmade wild fruits during these festivities, capturing joyous moments that linger in memory.

Guanyin Temple is not just a religious site; it embodies the cultural, ethnic, and spiritual life of the Pingchuan area. During various festivals like the Taizi Festival (太子会), Chongyang Festival (重阳节), and Dragon Boat Festival (端午节), the temple attracts numerous visitors, reinforcing its role as a hub for cultural activities and tourism.

How to Get There

To reach Guanyin Temple, visitors can drive or take a local bus from Dali (大理) to Binchuan County (宾川), then head towards Pingchuan Town (平川镇). The journey offers scenic views of the surrounding landscapes.

Travel Tips

• Timing: Visit during local festivals for vibrant cultural experiences.
• What to Bring: Cash for local snacks and souvenirs, as well as a camera to capture the stunning scenery.
• Stay Hydrated: The temple’s natural beauty invites exploration, so remember to carry water.
• Respect Local Customs: Engage with locals and learn about their traditions to enrich your visit.

Basic Introduction

• Chinese Name:祥云天峰山歌会
• English Name: Tianfengshan Mountain Song Festival in Xiangyun County, Dali
• Location: Xiangyun County, Dali
• Festival date: 15th day of the second month in the lunar calendar.

The most famous event at Tianfeng Mountain in Xiangyun County is the annual Tianfeng Song Festival, which is a traditional holiday for the ethnic minorities in Dali. During this time, people of various ethnic groups, primarily Yi, from Xiangyun County, Midu County, and counties such as Nanhua, Yao’an, and Dayao in Chuxiong Prefecture, along with tourists, gather here to participate in grand activities that include chanting scriptures, singing, joyous singing competitions, romantic duets, and spring outings to enjoy the beautiful scenery, which are the main highlights of the festival.

“Pluck the strings and dance on your feet, jump up to make the yellow-gray medicine.” This is a vivid description of the Puji Town Tianfeng Song Festival, characterized by its vibrant ethnic flavor. Mount Tianfeng is renowned as the “First Mountain of Daoism from the South,” and the Tianfeng Song Festival originated from the Daoist activity known as the “Laojun Birthday Celebration.”

At the start of the festival, traditional rituals are performed amidst the majestic sounds of the mountain horns, praying for national peace and stability. Following the rituals, there will be performances of ancient cave music, which should not be missed.

During the festival, singers from all corners of the country gather at the singing grounds to sing passionately, forging friendships through song and expressing emotions through music. The repertoire features traditional Yi folk songs, heartfelt duets, and melodious solo performances by women, all of which embody a heartfelt commitment to preserving cultural roots and celebrating the shared prosperity of various ethnic groups.

Festival Activities

Tianfeng Mountain in Xiangyun County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province, commonly known as Laojun Mountain, is one of the famous Taoist mountains in Southwest China. The Taoist buildings on the mountain, such as temples, pavilions, and halls, were mostly built during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Tianfeng Mountain is located at the junction of Xiangyun, Yao’an, and Nanhua counties, and is characterized by its steep terrain and picturesque landscape. It is a well-known tourist destination in Yunnan, celebrated for its natural scenery and Taoist culture.

Festival Origin

The Xiangyun Tianfeng Mountain Song Festival originates from the Taoist activity “Laojun Shengdan Festival” at Tianfeng Mountain. The Lao Jun Shengdan Festival has a history of over 500 years. Since the Ming Dynasty, on the 15th day of the second lunar month each year, a grand Lao Jun Festival has been held at Tianfeng Mountain, attracting tens of thousands of Yi and Han compatriots from all directions. They gather at Laojun Mountain to participate in various activities and celebrate with singing and dancing. An inscription from the 57th year of the Qianlong Emperor states: “Every year on the 15th day of the second lunar month, people from all directions flock together, gathering at the heavenly capital, playing music and dancing, singing songs with great joy, preserving the ancient pure customs.” After several hundred years of inheritance and evolution, it has developed into the current Xiangyun Tianfeng Mountain Song Festival.

Festival Culture

During the Xiangyun Tianfeng Mountain Song Festival, the atmosphere is lively and crowded, with songs resonating throughout the mountains. Apart from the grand and solemn Taoist activities, singing is the main event. People from various places, particularly talented Yi singers and dancers dressed in festive attire, gather at Tianfeng Mountain. In the singing area, they join hands to form a circle while playing the lusheng (a kind of bamboo flute), sanxian (a three-stringed instrument), and flute to create melodious music. People dance with vibrant energy or gentle grace, often celebrating throughout the night. The Xiangyun Tianfeng Mountain Song Festival is also one of the best gatherings for young men and women to find their partners.

Introduction

Tianfengshan Mountain, also known as Yusun Peak (玉笋峰), and commonly referred to as Laojun Mountain (老君山) or Laojun Hall (老君殿), is located in Puzhu Town, Xiangyun County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. The main peak rises to an elevation of 2,578 meters. The mountain features a pyramid-like structure with steep terrain, standing tall amidst surrounding mountains. Laojun Hall, built during the Ming Dynasty (万历年间), is a wooden structure with a single eave and hip roof, adorned with a pair of dragon columns. A large plaque reading “Dao De Wu Qian” (道德五千) hangs prominently in front, dedicated to the worship of Taishang Laojun (太上老君), hence the name Laojun Hall. To the right is a stone-carved merit archway, leading to the magnificent Yuhuang Pavilion (玉皇阁).

Tianfengshan is a prominent Taoist site, known for its architectural unity of the Three Teachings (Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism) and exquisite wooden carvings. It is regarded as “the first Taoist mountain in the South” and serves as a key Taoist and scenic site in Xiangyun County. The mountain is surrounded by dense forests, and every year on the 15th day of the second lunar month, the Puzhu Tianfengshan “Singing Festival” (歌会节) attracts thousands of local Yi (彝族) people who gather to sing and dance.

General Information

• Chinese Name: 天峰山
• Alternate Name: 玉笋峰 (Yusun Peak)
• Main Peak Elevation: 2,578 meters
• Established: Ming Dynasty (万历年间)

Honorary Status

Recently, the architectural complex of Laojun Hall at Tianfengshan Mountain has been designated as a provincial-level cultural relic protection unit by the Yunnan Provincial Government. The site features a rich array of Taoist architecture with intricate carvings and golden decorations, showcasing cultural artistry.

Geographic Location

Tianfengshan Mountain is situated in Xiangyun County, Dali Prefecture, Yunnan Province. It is a well-known Taoist mountain and a significant scenic area in the region. The mountain is densely forested and located at the intersection of the Yi districts of Xiangyun, Nanhua, Ya’an, and Midu counties. It is easily accessible from the provincial capital, Kunming, which is approximately 300 kilometers away, and Dali City, about 40 kilometers away.

Notable Attractions

1. Laojun Hall (老君殿)
2. Yuhuang Pavilion (玉皇阁)
3. Merit Archway (功德坊)
4. Lingguan Hall (灵官殿)
5. Yaowang Hall (药王殿)
6. Three Heavenly Gates (三天门)

Cultural Significance

Festival Activities

The Tianfengshan Singing Festival originated from the Taoist event “Laojun’s Birthday Celebration.” This festival has a history of over 500 years and is held on the 15th day of the second lunar month. Tens of thousands of participants, including Yi and Han people, gather to celebrate, sing, and dance in the designated singing area.

During the festival, the atmosphere is vibrant and lively, with traditional instruments like the lusheng (芦笙), sanxian (三弦), and flutes filling the air with beautiful melodies. The gathering serves not only as a religious event but also as an occasion for young people to meet and socialize.

Related Works

• Essay: “本色天峰山” by Hu Bing (胡冰) – This essay reflects on the natural beauty and cultural significance of Tianfengshan Mountain, emphasizing its authenticity and unadorned charm.

How to Get There

Tianfengshan Mountain is accessible by bus from Kunming to Xiangyun County, with frequent daily services. From Xiangyun, local transport options can take you to Puzhu Town, where the mountain is located.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: The ideal time to explore Tianfengshan is during the spring and autumn months when the weather is mild and the scenery is at its best.
• Safety Precautions: Be sure to wear comfortable shoes for hiking and carry sufficient water.
• Respect Local Culture: Engage with local customs, especially during the Singing Festival, and be mindful of the sacredness of the Taoist sites.
• Photography: Capture the stunning views but remember to respect the environment and other visitors.

Overview

Xiangyun Old Town (Xiangyun Gu Cheng, 祥云古城), previously known as Yunnan City (云南城) and Erhai Wei City (洱海卫城), derives its name from the Han dynasty tale “Cai Yun Nan Xian” (彩云南现). Archaeological findings from Qinghua Cave (清华洞) in 1962, including stone axes, stone chisels, pottery, and charcoal remnants, indicate that humans have inhabited this land since the Neolithic period. Established as Yunnan Prefecture in the third year of the Jianxing era of the Shu Han dynasty, it served as a political, economic, and cultural hub in Northwestern Yunnan for over 300 years.

The ancient city of Yunnan, now known as Xiangyun Old Town, was founded in the 15th year of the Hongwu era of the Ming dynasty (明洪武15年), designed in a square layout resembling a large seal. The bell and drum tower (钟鼓楼) serves as the central axis, harmonizing with the surrounding geography, including Phoenix Mountain (凤凰山) to the east and Wolong Mountain (卧龙山) to the west. The city walls are built of bricks and stones, featuring over a thousand defensive battlements and surrounded by a moat, with gates named Zhenyangmen (镇阳门), Zhenhaimen (镇海门), Qingpingmen (清平门), and Renhemen (仁和门). Inside the city, five streets and thirteen alleys accommodate numerous ancient buildings, including official residences, temples, clan halls, and traditional homes.

Other Names

• Xiangyun County Ancient District (祥云县古城区)
• Qinghua Cave Ancient Town Tourism Area (清华洞古镇旅游区)

Location

• Belongs to: Xiangyun County (祥云县), Dali Prefecture (大理州), Yunnan Province (云南省)
• Built: 15th year of Hongwu, Ming Dynasty
• Cultural Heritage: Eastern city gate and bell drum tower are key protected cultural relics.

History of Xiangyun Old Town

Xiangyun Old Town, originally known as Yunnan City and Erhai Wei City, was a true “Ancient Yunnan City,” constructed during the Han and Tang dynasties and completed in the Yuan and Ming dynasties. The city embodies rich historical significance and cultural heritage, reflecting its importance as a regional center.

Scale and Design

Xiangyun Old Town is laid out in a square seal shape. The design harmonizes with the surrounding hills, symbolizing a connection to nature. The central bell and drum tower stands as a focal point where the town’s main streets converge, adorned with inscriptions reflecting its cultural essence. The city’s architecture, featuring ancient stone walls and elegant buildings, conveys the fusion of Central Plains culture and Southern Yao culture, making it a unique example of Han Chinese urban design in a region dominated by ethnic minorities.

Cultural Heritage Protection

Xiangyun County’s Eastern City Gate and the bell and drum tower have been designated as key cultural relics by the Yunnan Provincial Government since December 18, 2003.

Eastern City Gate (东城门)

The Eastern City Gate is part of the Ming dynasty Erhai Wei City, built in 1382 under the direction of the military commander Zhou Neng. It remains a critical site for studying the Ming dynasty’s architectural and urban planning.

Bell and Drum Tower (钟鼓楼)

The bell and drum tower stands prominently in the town center, constructed in 1386. Its exquisite design features a four-story structure with intricately designed roof eaves. The tower serves as a historical marker, connecting four main streets and reflecting the architectural style of the Ming and Qing dynasties.

Current Situation

In recent years, Xiangyun County has focused on urban development while emphasizing the protection of historical sites. The balance between preserving the old town’s character and fostering modern growth has resulted in a vibrant community with a greening coverage rate of 27.85%.

Travel Information

How to Get There

• By Air: The nearest airport is Dali Airport (大理机场), which offers flights from major cities.
• By Train: High-speed trains connect Kunming (昆明) to Dali, followed by local transportation to Xiangyun.
• By Road: Buses and taxis are available from Dali and surrounding areas.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: The spring and autumn months offer mild weather and beautiful scenery.
• Cultural Etiquette: Respect local customs, especially when visiting temples and historical sites.
• Local Cuisine: Try local delicacies in the ancient streets; don’t miss out on traditional Yunnan dishes.
• Safety: Be cautious in crowded areas and secure personal belongings.

Overview

Tianhuashan Mountain (天华山, Tiānhuá Shān), also known as Nanhua Mountain (南华山, Nánhua Shān), is historically referred to as “Nanhua Shengji.” It is located in Zongpeng Village, Majie Township, Xiangyun County (祥云县, Xiángyún Xiàn), Dali (大理, Dàlǐ), Yunnan Province (云南省, Yúnnán Shěng). The driving distance from the county seat to the scenic area is approximately 25 kilometers.

One of its most distinctive features is the “Hanging Stone Dragon” (石龙倒挂, Shílóng Dàoguà), which consists of two stalactites resembling stone dragons that hang from a sheer cliff.

• Chinese Name: 天华山
• English Name: Tianhuashan Mountain
• Location: Dali, Xiangyun County, Yunnan Province
• Climate: Temperate monsoon climate
• Opening Hours: Open all day
• Attraction Level: AAAA-level
• Entrance Fee: Free
• Area: Approximately 83 km²
• Famous Attraction: 石龙倒挂 (Hanging Stone Dragon)

Historical Background

Xiangyun was originally named Yunnan and was renamed in 1918. The county is located in the central-west part of Yunnan Province, on the eastern edge of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, home to various ethnic groups including Han, Bai, Yi, Lisu, Miao, and Hui.

Tianhuashan, historically known as “Nanhua Shengji,” is situated approximately 50 li (about 25 kilometers) south of the city, featuring steep cliffs and two prominent peaks. The site has notable features like the Hanging Stone Dragon, ancient caves, and stone towers. Historical texts document that Li Su (李素), a Ming dynasty official, lived here and authored the “Nanya Zouyi Chūnqiū Xinjue” (《南华奏议春秋心诀》).

Xiangyun is located 300 kilometers from the provincial capital, Kunming (昆明, Kūnmíng), and 40 kilometers from Dali City (大理市, Dàlǐ Shì).

Scenic Features

The Tianhuashan Daoist Temple (道观, Dàoguàn) was established in the Ming dynasty, featuring ancient buildings on the cliffs. The cliffs boast unique landscapes, including the Hanging Stone Dragon and inscriptions stating “云洱无双地，匡州第一山” (“Yun’ er is a unique land; Kuang Prefecture’s first mountain”). The scenic area consists of numerous attractions like the Immortal Bed (仙床, Xiānchuáng), Hanging Stone Dragon, Stone House Skylight (石屋天窗, Shíwū Tiāncāng), and several ancient caves.

The Hanging Stone Dragon is the most notable feature, where two stalactites resemble dragons hanging from a cliff. Each year on the ninth day of the first lunar month, a ceremony called the “Hanging Dragon Ceremony” takes place, where climbers hang colorful cloth on the dragon’s head.

Culinary Specialties

Tianhuashan is known for its high-quality chestnuts (板栗, Bǎnlì), which can be eaten raw, roasted, or made into various dishes. The chestnuts from this region are large, white, and flavorful, with high nutritional and economic value.

The region also abounds in wild vegetables (山野菜, Shānyě cài) due to its rich rainfall and dense forests, which have numerous species that are edible and medicinal. Traditional Chinese medicine suggests that these wild vegetables have high nutritional value, beneficial for preventing various diseases.

Cultural Significance

On the stone walls beneath the Xingjun Pavilion (星君阁, Xīngjūn Gé) on Tianhuashan, the inscription “云洱无双地，匡州第一山” reflects the historical sentiments of travelers. This expression of admiration is part of a poetic tradition that dates back to the Han dynasty.

Xiangyun has long been imbued with Daoist cultural significance. During the Han dynasty, Emperor Wu sent emissaries to explore the region, leading to the establishment of Yun County. In later periods, legends associated with Zhuge Liang (诸葛亮, Zhūgě Liàng) and his expeditions here have further enriched the area’s mystical allure.

In the Ming dynasty, the integration of Buddhist and Daoist practices shaped the region’s religious landscape, leading to the construction of several temples and pavilions, including the Jade Emperor Pavilion (玉皇阁, Yùhuáng Gé) and Queen Mother Pavilion (王母阁, Wángmǔ Gé). This melding of cultures created a spiritual atmosphere that attracted numerous visitors.

The breathtaking peaks and mysterious rock formations of Tianhuashan continue to inspire poetry and admiration. Notable lines from poems describing its beauty include:

“巨灵突兀显示奇踪，绝壁千寻倒挂龙；
莫谓石顽无雨降，须知洞古有云从。”
(“The mighty spirit reveals its wonders; the sheer cliff hangs the dragon high;
Do not say the stones are stubborn; know that clouds have always lingered here.”)

How to Get There

To reach Tianhuashan Mountain, you can drive from Dali City or Xiangyun County. The scenic area is about a 30-minute drive from Dali and approximately 25 kilometers from the Xiangyun County seat. Local taxis and rideshare services are also available for convenient transportation.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: The spring and autumn months offer pleasant weather for hiking and sightseeing.
• Safety Precautions: Ensure to wear appropriate hiking shoes, as the terrain can be rugged.
• Local Cuisine: Don’t miss trying the local chestnuts and wild vegetables, as they are a highlight of the region.
• Photography: Bring a camera to capture the stunning landscapes and unique rock formations.
• Cultural Respect: Be mindful of local customs and the spiritual significance of the area while visiting temples and sacred sites.

Overview

Qinghai Lake (青海湖, Qīnghǎi Hú) in Xiangyun County (祥云县, Xiángyún Xiàn) is different from the famous Qinghai Lake in Qinghai Province (青海省, Qīnghǎi Shěng). This Qinghai Lake is a freshwater lake located 7 kilometers southeast of Xiangyun County, within Shalong Town (沙龙镇, Shālóng Zhèn). In the Yuan Dynasty (元代, Yuándài), it was known as “Qinghu” (青湖, Qīnghú), and during the Qing Dynasty (清代, Qīngdài), it was called “Qinglong Lake” (青龙湖, Qīnglóng Hú). Due to its clear waters year-round, it was later renamed Qinghai Lake.

With the establishment of a national-level water scenic area, the ecological environment of Qinghai Lake has gradually improved. Wild waterfowl such as the red-crowned crane (赤麻鸭, chìmǎyā), the great crested grebe (骨顶鸡, gǔdǐngjī), and the egret (白鹭, báilù) have returned to breed and inhabit this beautiful natural landscape.

Geographic Information

• Chinese Name: 青海湖 (Qīnghǎi Hú)
• English Name: Qinghai Lake
• Location: Yunnan Province (云南省, Yúnnán Shěng), Xiangyun County (祥云县, Xiángyún Xiàn)
• Opening Hours: Year-round, Monday to Sunday, 09:00-21:00
• Attraction Level: National-level water scenic area
• Area: Approximately 6.3 km² (平方公里)

Notable Attractions

• Qinghai Moonlight (青海月痕, Qīnghǎi Yuèhén)
• Other names: Qinghu (青湖, Qīnghú), Qinglong Lake (青龙湖, Qīnglóng Hú)

Development History

Historically, Qinghai Lake has been known by various names, including Qinghu, Qinglonghai, and Qinghai, reflecting its long-standing reputation for clear waters. Since the Yuan Dynasty, it has been affectionately referred to as “Qinghai Moonlight” (青海月痕, Qīnghǎi Yuèhén), and is one of the “Eight Scenic Spots of Xiangyun” (祥云八大景, Xiángyún Bādàjǐng).

Qinghai Lake is situated about 5 kilometers southeast of Xiangyun County. Formed from a natural depression, the lake spans approximately 6.3 square kilometers. Its lower geographical position makes it a critical area for water accumulation, flood control, and drainage.

After the 1950s, frequent land reclamation and pond construction around Qinghai Lake led to a drastic reduction in its area, causing significant ecological damage. During dry years, the lake dried up, depriving nearby villages of water and hindering agricultural activities. Conversely, heavy rains led to flooding disasters.

From 2010 onwards, during the dry seasons, Qinghai Lake often ran dry, with minimal rainfall unable to meet local water needs. To restore the lake’s former beauty, the National Tobacco Monopoly Bureau invested 170 million yuan in water conservancy projects, which included dredging the lakebed and constructing surrounding embankments. As a result, Qinghai Lake has become a tourism and leisure destination, with the scenic hydrological landscape starting to take shape.

Scenic Features

Qinghai Lake is a significant scenic area in Xiangyun County and is known for its high tourism value. At night, visitors can invite friends to enjoy the beauty of “Qinghai Moonlight.” As the moon rises from the east, its gentle reflection dances on the lake’s surface, accompanied by softly swaying green trees along the shore.

In poetic imagery, “The moon above and the moon below; the water and sky blend into one,” creating a picturesque scene that evokes deep emotions. A historical quote from the Qing Dynasty describes Qinghai Lake as: “恍疑龙抱骊珠卧，照映秋林桂子黄” (Huǎng yí lóng bào lí zhū wò, zhàoyìng qiū lín guì zǐ huáng), translating to “It seems like a dragon cradles a pearl, reflecting the golden autumn woods.”

Specialty Products

Qinghai Lake is renowned for its abundance of fish species, including crucian carp (鲫鱼, jìyú), carp (鲤鱼, lǐyú), and green fish (青鱼, qīngyú). It also produces lotus roots (莲藕, lián’ǒu) and reeds (苇, wěi), making it a paradise for aquatic flora and fauna. The lakeside is adorned with lush bamboo and willows, providing a graceful ambiance under the moonlight.

How to Get There

Qinghai Lake can be accessed via local roads from Xiangyun County. Visitors may take buses or taxis from the county seat to reach the lake.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: Late spring and early autumn provide the best weather and scenery.
• Night Visits: Consider visiting at night to enjoy the moonlight reflecting on the lake.
• Photography: Bring a camera to capture the stunning landscapes, especially during dawn and dusk.
• Local Cuisine: Try local specialties at nearby restaurants and enjoy the picturesque setting.
• Respect Nature: Maintain the natural environment by not littering and respecting wildlife.

Overview

Jiuding Mountain (九鼎山, Jiǔdǐng Shān), also known as “Jiuding Yunfeng” (九鼎云峰, Jiǔdǐng Yúnfēng), is located 10 kilometers north of Xiangyun County (祥云县, Xiángyún Xiàn), at the junction of the former Xiangcheng Town (祥城镇, Xiángchéng Zhèn) and the former Xiangbi Township (象鼻乡, Xiàngbí Xiāng) in Yunnan Province (云南省, Yúnnán Shěng). The mountain is part of the Hengduan Mountain Range (横断山系, Héngduàn Shānxì) and is characterized by its steep terrain and the presence of nine prominent peaks.

Historical Background

The Jiuding Temple (九鼎寺, Jiǔdǐng Sì) was originally established during the Hongwu period (洪武, Hóngwǔ) of the Ming Dynasty (明朝, Míng Cháo). The temple has undergone several renovations, notably during the Zhengde (正德, Zhèngdé) and Jiajing (嘉靖, Jiājìng) periods, and has expanded during both the Qing Dynasty (清朝, Qīng Cháo) and the Republic of China (民国, Mínguó) era. Today, the temple complex includes various halls and pavilions, such as the Tuchu Temple (土主庙, Tǔzhǔ Miào), Miaosheng Pavilion (妙胜阁, Miàoshèng Gé), Huayan Pavilion (华严阁, Huāyán Gé), and others.

Geographic Features

Jiuding Mountain rises to an elevation of 3,117 meters (10,200 feet) and is also referred to as “Nine Peaks Mountain” (九峰山, Jiǔfēng Shān) due to its distinctive peaks, which are named for their unique shapes: Jinzhu (禁足, Jìnzú), Shihou (狮吼, Shīhǒu), Lanxia (揽霞, Lǎnxiá), Zhaohua (招鹤, Zhāohuā), Emei (峨眉, Éméi), Shixian (侍仙, Shìxiān), Zhongxiu (中秀, Zhōngxiù), Diyun (递云, Dìyún), and Jingtai (经台, Jīngtái). The mountain is also home to several caves, including Bixia Cave (碧霞洞, Bìxiá Dòng), Guanyin Cave (观音洞, Guānyīn Dòng), and others.

Scenic Highlights

Visitors traveling along the Chuda Expressway (楚大高速公路) can catch glimpses of Jiuding Mountain near the Xiaoguan Village Reservoir (小官村水库, Xiǎoguān Cūn Shuǐkù). The mountain is often shrouded in mist, creating an enchanting landscape where clouds and peaks intertwine. Closer to Jiuding Mountain, the dramatic terrain becomes evident, featuring steep cliffs, rugged rocks, and towering peaks.

According to the Yunnan County Annals (《云南县志》), it is said, “The mountain is not high if it has an immortal; the abyss is not deep if it has a dragon.” This saying reflects the cultural significance of Jiuding Mountain, where historical structures like the Jiuding Temple complex have been built since the Tang Dynasty (唐代, Táng Dài).

Notable Structures

The Jiuding Temple complex consists of several buildings, including the Five Flying Pavilions (五飞阁, Wǔ Fēi Gé) established by the monk Mingji (明寂, Míngjì) during the Jiajing period. The iconic twin pagodas (双塔, Shuāng Tǎ) near Jiuding Temple were constructed in the 19th year of the Jiajing era (公元154年). The southern pagoda stands 9 meters tall and features a unique nine-tier design, while the northern pagoda reaches 7 meters in height, showcasing distinctive architectural styles.

How to Get There

Jiuding Mountain is accessible by road, located approximately 10 kilometers north of Xiangyun County. Travelers can take local buses or hire taxis from Xiangyun to reach the mountain.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: Spring and autumn offer the best weather and scenic views.
• Hiking Gear: Wear appropriate hiking footwear and bring water for the trek.
• Photography: Capture the stunning landscapes, but respect the local culture when taking photos of religious sites.
• Local Cuisine: Try local Yunnan dishes at nearby villages.
• Guided Tours: Consider joining a local tour for a deeper understanding of the area’s history and culture.